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Ziaei R, Shahdadian F, Bagherniya M, Karav S, Sahebkar A. Nutritional factors and physical frailty: Highlighting the role of functional nutrients in the prevention and treatment. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 101:102532. [PMID: 39374829 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
Physical frailty, an age-related decline in the physiological capacity and function of various organs, is associated with higher vulnerability to unfavorable health outcomes. The mechanisms proposed for physical frailty including increased inflammation and oxidative stress are closely related to nutritional status. In addition to traditional nutritional factors such as protein malnutrition and nutrient deficiencies, emerging evidence has focused on the role of functional nutrients including polyphenols, carotenoids, probiotics, prebiotics, omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB), coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), and L-carnitine in modifying the risk of physical frailty syndrome. Although several clinical trials have suggested the beneficial effects of supplementation with polyphenols, HMB, and prebiotics on frailty indices, the current evidence is still not robust to support recommendations on the routine clinical use of such functional nutrients for the management of frailty. Similarly, the association between CoQ10 and frailty was mainly assessed in observational studies, and more randomized controlled trials are needed in this regard. A limited number of studies have reported the beneficial effect of L-carnitine supplementation on frailty indices. Since carnitine is mainly found in skeletal muscle and its measurement is thus challenging due to ethical constraints, it is necessary to examine the effect of different doses of L-carnitine on frailty and its indices in future studies. A large number of interventional studies evaluated the impact of n-3 PUFA supplementation on physical frailty in the elderly and many of them reported improved physical performance following supplementation, especially when combined with resistance training programs. Although promising findings from experimental and observational studies have been reported on functional nutrients, high-quality evidence from randomized controlled trials as well as detailed mechanistic studies are still required to affirm their role in the prevention and/or treatment of physical frailty. This review aims to describe the current state of research on functional nutrients that may modify the development or prognosis of frailty syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahele Ziaei
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farnaz Shahdadian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Sercan Karav
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17100, Turkey
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Chua KY, Li H, Sheng LT, Lim WS, Koh WP. Intake of vegetables and fruits at midlife and the risk of physical frailty in later life. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100374. [PMID: 39316896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our study evaluated the independent and overall associations of vegetable and fruit consumption at midlife with the likelihood of physical frailty in later life. We also investigated whether specific nutrients in these foods could have accounted for these associations, if present. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING A population-based cohort of Chinese adults followed over a period of 20 years in Singapore. PARTICIPANTS We used data from 11,959 subjects who participated in the baseline (1993-1998) and follow-up 3 (2014-2017) interviews of the Singapore Chinese Health Study. MEASUREMENTS At baseline, dietary intake was evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. During the follow-up 3 visits, physical frailty was assessed using a modified Cardiovascular Health Study phenotype that included weakness, slowness, exhaustion and weight loss. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations with physical frailty. RESULTS Participants had mean ages of 52 years at baseline, and 72 years at follow-up 3. Baseline intake of vegetables, but not of fruits, showed a dose-dependent inverse relationship with physical frailty at follow-up 3 (Ptrend = 0.001). Compared to participants in the lowest quintile of vegetable intake, those in the highest quintile had reduced odds of frailty [OR (95% CI): 0.73 (0.60-0.89)]. Among the components of physical frailty, vegetable intake had the strongest inverse association with weakness defined by handgrip strength [OR (95% CI) between extreme quintiles: 0.62 (0.52-0.73); Ptrend < 0.001]. In models that were individually adjusted for nutrients, the vegetable-frailty association was attenuated and no longer statistically significant after adjusting for the intake of β-carotene, lutein, folate, α-carotene, and isothiocyanates. CONCLUSION Increased midlife intake of vegetables was associated with reduced odds of physical frailty in later life, and the intake of β-carotene, lutein, folate, α-carotene, and isothiocyanates could have accounted for this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Yiqiang Chua
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Huiqi Li
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li-Ting Sheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wee-Shiong Lim
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Geriatrics and Active Aging, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
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Wang C, Wang J, Wan R, Kurihara H, Wang M. The causal association between circulating cytokines with the risk of frailty and sarcopenia under the perspective of geroscience. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1293146. [PMID: 38505750 PMCID: PMC10948489 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1293146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Circulating cytokines were considered to play a critical role in the initiation and propagation of sarcopenia and frailty from observational studies. This study aimed to find the casual association between circulating cytokines and sarcopenia and frailty from a genetic perspective by two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods Data for 41 circulating cytokines were extracted from the genome-wide association study dataset of 8,293 European participants. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, MR-Egger, and weighted median method were applied to assess the relationship of circulating cytokines with the risk of aging-related syndromes and frailty. Furthermore, MR-Egger regression was used to indicate the directional pleiotropy, and Cochran's Q test was used to verify the potential heterogeneity. The "leave-one-out" method was applied to visualize whether there was a causal relationship affected by only one anomalous single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Results Genetic predisposition to increasing levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-12, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was associated with the higher risk of low hand grip strength according to the IVW method [R = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.01-1.10, P = 0.028, false discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted P = 1.000; OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.00-1.07, P = 0.042, FDR-adjusted P = 0.784; OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.00-1.05, P = 0.038, FDR-adjusted P = 0.567]. Furthermore, genetically determined higher macrophage colony-stimulating factors (M-CSFs) were associated with a lower presence of appendicular lean mass (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 1.00-1.02, P = 0.003, FDR-adjusted P = 0.103). Monokine induced by interferon-γ (MIG) and tumor necrosis factor-beta (TNF-β) were associated with a higher risk of frailty (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01-1.05, P < 0.0001, FDR-adjusted P = 0.012; OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 1.00-1.03, P = 0.013, FDR-adjusted P = 0.259). In this study, we did not find heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy between the circulating cytokines and the risk of frailty and sarcopenia. Conclusion Genetic predisposition to assess IL-10, IL-12, and VEGF levels was associated with a higher risk of low hand grip strength and M-CSF with the presence of appendicular lean mass. The high levels of TNF-β and MIG were associated with a higher risk of frailty. More studies will be required to explore the molecular biological mechanisms underlying the action of inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congzhi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Jiazhi Wang
- Sports Institute, Chi Zhou College, Chizhou, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Wan
- Business School, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine and Disease Susceptibility/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Modernization, and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, China
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Iacotucci P, Carnovale V, Ferrillo L, Somma J, Bocchino M, D’Ippolito M, Sanduzzi Zamparelli A, Rengo G, Ferrara N, Conti V, Corbi G. Cystic Fibrosis in Adults: A Paradigm of Frailty Syndrome? An Observational Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:585. [PMID: 38276090 PMCID: PMC10816671 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the main clinical and anamnestic characteristics of adult Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients and to evaluate the association of frailty with the CF genotyping classification. In an observational cross-sectional study, all ambulatory CF patients over 18 years old who received a diagnosis at the Regional Cystic Fibrosis Center for adults were enrolled and assessed by spirometry for respiratory function, by ADL and IADL for functional status, and by the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) Index for frailty. The study population consisted of 139 CF patients (mean age 32.89 ± 10.94 years old, 46% women). Most of the subjects were robust (60.4%). The pre-frail/frail group was more frequently females (p = 0.020), had a lower BMI (p = 0.001), worse respiratory function, a higher number of pulmonary exacerbations/years, cycles of antibiotic therapy, and hospitalization (all p < 0.001) with respect to robust patients. The pre-frail/frail subjects used more drugs and were affected by more CF-related diseases (all p < 0.001). In relation to logistic regression, the best predictor of the pre-frail/frail status was a low FEV1 level. The CF patients show similarities to older pre-frail/frail subjects, suggesting that CF might be considered an early expression of this geriatric syndrome. This finding could help to better define the possible progression of CF, but overall, it could also suggest the usefulness employing of some tools used in the management and therapy of frailty subjects to identify the more severe CF subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Iacotucci
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (P.I.); (M.B.); (A.S.Z.)
| | - Vincenzo Carnovale
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.F.); (J.S.); (M.D.); (G.R.); (N.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Lorenza Ferrillo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.F.); (J.S.); (M.D.); (G.R.); (N.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Jolanda Somma
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.F.); (J.S.); (M.D.); (G.R.); (N.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Marialuisa Bocchino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (P.I.); (M.B.); (A.S.Z.)
| | - Marcella D’Ippolito
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.F.); (J.S.); (M.D.); (G.R.); (N.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Alessandro Sanduzzi Zamparelli
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (P.I.); (M.B.); (A.S.Z.)
| | - Giuseppe Rengo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.F.); (J.S.); (M.D.); (G.R.); (N.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Nicola Ferrara
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.F.); (J.S.); (M.D.); (G.R.); (N.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Valeria Conti
- Department of Medicine Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84084 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Graziamaria Corbi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.F.); (J.S.); (M.D.); (G.R.); (N.F.); (G.C.)
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Pyrgioti EE, Karakousis ND, Georgakopoulos PN, Papanas N. Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence for its Beneficial Effects on Frailty and Sarcopenia. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e270723219177. [PMID: 37497698 DOI: 10.2174/1573399820666230727101141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
This narrative review aimed to discuss the potential interplay among frailty syndrome, sarcopenia and metformin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There is emerging evidence on the potential protective role of metformin on both frailty and sarcopenia. However, results are not always consistent. Thus, further research is needed to provide a definitive answer on any role of metformin in improving frailty and/or sarcopenia in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikolaos D Karakousis
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Centre-Diabetic Foot Clinic, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos Papanas
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Centre-Diabetic Foot Clinic, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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Dent E, Hanlon P, Sim M, Jylhävä J, Liu Z, Vetrano DL, Stolz E, Pérez-Zepeda MU, Crabtree DR, Nicholson C, Job J, Ambagtsheer RC, Ward PR, Shi SM, Huynh Q, Hoogendijk EO. Recent developments in frailty identification, management, risk factors and prevention: A narrative review of leading journals in geriatrics and gerontology. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102082. [PMID: 37797723 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Frailty is an age-related clinical condition characterised by an increased susceptibility to stressors and an elevated risk of adverse outcomes such as mortality. In the light of global population ageing, the prevalence of frailty is expected to soar in coming decades. This narrative review provides critical insights into recent developments and emerging practices in frailty research regarding identification, management, risk factors, and prevention. We searched journals in the top two quartiles of geriatrics and gerontology (from Clarivate Journal Citation Reports) for articles published between 01 January 2018 and 20 December 2022. Several recent developments were identified, including new biomarkers and biomarker panels for frailty screening and diagnosis, using artificial intelligence to identify frailty, and investigating the altered response to medications by older adults with frailty. Other areas with novel developments included exercise (including technology-based exercise), multidimensional interventions, person-centred and integrated care, assistive technologies, analysis of frailty transitions, risk-factors, clinical guidelines, COVID-19, and potential future treatments. This review identified a strong need for the implementation and evaluation of cost-effective, community-based interventions to manage and prevent frailty. Our findings highlight the need to better identify and support older adults with frailty and involve those with frailty in shared decision-making regarding their care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Dent
- Research Centre for Public Health, Equity and Human Flourishing, Torrens University Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Peter Hanlon
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Marc Sim
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Juulia Jylhävä
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Zuyun Liu
- Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Davide L Vetrano
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erwin Stolz
- Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Mario Ulises Pérez-Zepeda
- Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Dirección de Investigación, ciudad de México, Mexico; Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), FCS, Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte, Huixquilucan Edo. de México
| | | | - Caroline Nicholson
- Centre for Health System Reform & Integration, Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jenny Job
- Centre for Health System Reform & Integration, Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rachel C Ambagtsheer
- Research Centre for Public Health, Equity and Human Flourishing, Torrens University Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Paul R Ward
- Research Centre for Public Health, Equity and Human Flourishing, Torrens University Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sandra M Shi
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging, Hebrew Senior Life, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Quan Huynh
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Emiel O Hoogendijk
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science and Department of General Practice, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Ageing & Later Life Research Program, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Massari MC, Bimonte VM, Falcioni L, Moretti A, Baldari C, Iolascon G, Migliaccio S. Nutritional and physical activity issues in frailty syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2023; 15:1759720X231152648. [PMID: 36820002 PMCID: PMC9929193 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x231152648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
'Frailty' has been described as 'a state of increased vulnerability of the individual caused by an impairment of homeostasis as a result of endogenous or exogenous stress'. Frail individuals are depicted by a dramatic change in health status following an apparently minor insult and a higher risk of adverse health-related outcomes such as osteoporosis and sarcopenia, falls and disability, and fragility fractures. Frailty is a condition of increasing importance due to the global ageing of the population during the last decades. Central to the pathophysiology of frailty is a mechanism that is partially independent of ageing, but most likely evolves with ageing: the cumulative level of molecular and cellular damage in every subject. Furthermore, an uncorrected nutrition and a sedentary behaviour play a pivotal role in worsening the syndrome. In January 2020, a cluster of a genus of the family Coronaviridae was isolated as the pathogen of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Since then, this infection has spread worldwide causing one of the most dramatic pandemics of the modern era, with more than 500 million confirmed cases all over the world. The clinical spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 severity ranges from asymptomatic conditions to mild symptoms, such as fever, cough, ageusia, anosmia and asthenia, up to most severe conditions, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ failure leading to death. Primary evidence revealed that the elderly frail subjects were more susceptible to the disease in its most intense form and were at greater risk of developing severe COVID-19. Factors contributing to the severity of COVID-19, and the higher mortality rate, are a poor immune system activity and long-standing inflammatory status of the frail subjects compared with the general population. Further recent research also suggested a potential role of sedentary behaviour, metabolic chronic disorders linked to it and uncorrected nutritional status. Thus, the aim of this review was to evaluate the different studies and evidence related to COVID-19 pandemic, both nutritional status and physical activity, and, also, to provide further information on the correct nutritional approach in this peculiar pathological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Massari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Endocrinology and Food Sciences, University Sapienza of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Maria Bimonte
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University Foro Italico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lavinia Falcioni
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antimo Moretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Napoli, Italy
| | - Carlo Baldari
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Iolascon
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Napoli, Italy
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Chen JC, Wang R, Wei CC. Anti-aging effects of dietary phytochemicals: From Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, rodents to clinical studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:5958-5983. [PMID: 36597655 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2160961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Anti-aging research has become critical since the elderly population is increasing dramatically in this era. With the establishment of frailty phenotype and frailty index, the importance of anti-frailty research is concurrently enlightened. The application of natural phytochemicals against aging or frailty is always intriguing, and abundant related studies have been published. Various models are designed for biological research, and each model has its strength and weakness in deciphering the complex aging mechanisms. In this article, we attempt to show the potential of Caenorhabditis elegans in the study of phytochemicals' effects on anti-aging by comparing it to other animal models. In this review, the lifespan extension and anti-aging effects are demonstrated by various physical, cellular, or molecular biomarkers of dietary phytochemicals, including resveratrol, curcumin, urolithin A, sesamin, fisetin, quercetin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, epicatechin, spermidine, sulforaphane, along with extracts of broccoli, cocoa, and blueberry. Meanwhile, the frequency of phytochemicals and models studied or presented in publications since 2010 were analyzed, and the most commonly mentioned animal models were rats, mice, and the nematode C. elegans. This up-to-date summary of the anti-aging effect of certain phytochemicals has demonstrated powerful potential for anti-aging or anti-frailty in the human population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Chi Chen
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Reuben Wang
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Master of Public Health Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Cheng Wei
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Davinelli S, Medoro A, Intrieri M, Saso L, Scapagnini G, Kang JX. Targeting NRF2-KEAP1 axis by Omega-3 fatty acids and their derivatives: Emerging opportunities against aging and diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:736-750. [PMID: 36402440 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor NRF2 and its endogenous inhibitor KEAP1 play a crucial role in the maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis by regulating the gene expression of diverse networks of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and detoxification enzymes. Therefore, activation of NRF2 provides cytoprotection against numerous pathologies, including age-related diseases. An age-associated loss of NRF2 function may be a key driving force behind the aging phenotype. Recently, numerous NRF2 inducers have been identified and some of them are promising candidates to restore NRF2 transcriptional activity during aging. Emerging evidence indicates that omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their electrophilic derivatives may trigger a protective response via NRF2 activation, rescuing or maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. In this review, we provide an overview of the NRF2-KEAP1 system and its dysregulation in aging cells. We also summarize current studies on the modulatory role of n-3 PUFAs as potential agents to prevent multiple chronic diseases and restore the age-related impairment of NRF2 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Alessandro Medoro
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Mariano Intrieri
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Jing X Kang
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Karakousis ND, Pyrgioti EE, Georgakopoulos PN, Papanas N. Sarcopenia, Frailty and Diabetic Foot: A Mini Narrative Review. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2022:15347346221111420. [PMID: 35791577 DOI: 10.1177/15347346221111420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this narrative mini review was to investigate the potential association of the diabetic foot (DF) with sarcopenia and frailty. Data is still limited, but it appears that DF patients may be more prone to frailty. In addition, patients with DF and sarcopenia exhibit more frequently foot ulcers and amputations, as well as increased mortality rates post-operatively. Further studies are now needed to see how these realizations may be used in clinical practice, aiming to improve DF outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nikolaos Papanas
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Centre-Diabetic Foot Clinic, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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Lv S, Ling L, Shi H, Chen X, Chen S, Zhu S, Lin W, Lv R, Ding G. Application of Muscle Thickness and Quality Measured by Ultrasound in Frailty Assessment in China. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:859555. [PMID: 35433721 PMCID: PMC9009442 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.859555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the correlation between Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP) and the muscle thickness and quality of local muscle, and to provide a reasonable basis for the application of ultrasound measurement in the frailty assessment. A total of 150 people (age ≥ 65 years, 58 women, 92 men) were included from the First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University. They were divided into Normal group (40 cases), Prefrailty group (69 cases) and Frailty group (41 cases). The thickness and the quality of local muscle were detected by ultrasound. Participants in the prefrailty group had a higher grayscale value of the vastus lateralis muscle, indicating the deterioration of muscle quality. At the frailty stage, the muscle thickness and quality of the vastus lateralis muscle and the anterior tibialis muscle decreased significantly compared with the normal and the prefrailty group. Pearson's correlation analysis also showed FFP was negatively correlated with muscle thickness and quality of the lower limbs. In multiple regression model, FFP was positively associated with gray value (Vastus lateralis muscle:β =0.457, p < 0.001; Anterior tibialis muscle: β = 0.220, p = 0.037) and inversely associated with muscle thickness (Vastus lateralis muscle:β = −0.973, p = 0.031; Anterior tibialis muscle: β = −4.551, p = 0.004) in the frailty stage. Together, FFP was closely related to muscle thickness and quality, especially vastus lateralis muscle. Moreover, Muscle quality has deteriorated in the prefrailty stage, which is earlier than muscle thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Lv
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Province Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Ling
- Department of Gerontology, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Hui Shi
- NHC Contraceptives Adverse Reaction Surveillance Center, Jiangsu Health Development Research Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Province Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Province Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siping Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Province Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Province Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Lv
- Department of Gerontology, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, China
- Rong Lv
| | - Guoxian Ding
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Province Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Guoxian Ding
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Hofer SJ, Davinelli S. Editorial: Dietary Strategies for Healthy Aging—Caloric Restriction and Beyond. Front Nutr 2022; 9:866928. [PMID: 35299762 PMCID: PMC8923256 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.866928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian J. Hofer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
- *Correspondence: Sergio Davinelli
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13
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YAN LC, YU F, WANG XY, YUAN P, XIAO G, CHENG QQ, NIU FX, LU HY. The effect of dietary supplements on frailty in older persons: a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.65222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Cong YAN
- The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, China
| | - Fang YU
- Ningxia Medical University, China
| | | | - Ping YUAN
- The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, China
| | - Gang XIAO
- Yinchuan Stomatology Hospital, China
| | | | - Feng-Xian NIU
- The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, China
| | - Hong-Yan LU
- The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, China
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Setiati S, Soejono CH, Harimurti K, Dwimartutie N, Aryana IGPS, Sunarti S, Budiningsih F, Mulyana R, Dwipa L, Sudarso A, Rensa R, Istanti R, Azwar MK, Marsigit J. Frailty and Its Associated Risk Factors: First Phase Analysis of Multicentre Indonesia Longitudinal Aging Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:658580. [PMID: 33996862 PMCID: PMC8116892 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.658580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: National long-term care development requires updated epidemiological data related to frailty. We aimed to find the prevalence of frailty and its associated factors among Indonesian elderly. Methods: We conducted first-phase cross-sectional analysis of Indonesia Longitudinal Aging Study (INALAS) data collected from community-dwelling outpatients aged 60 years and older without acute illness in nine geriatric service care centres. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. Results: Among 908 elderly in this study, 15.10% were robust, 66.20% were pre-frail, and 18.70% were frail. Functional dependence was associated with frailty among Indonesian elderly (OR 5.97, 95% CI 4.04–8.80). Being depressed and at risk for malnutrition were also associated with frailty with OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.56–4.12, and OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.68–3.90, respectively. Prior history of fall (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.16–2.72) and hospitalization (OR 1.46, 95% CI 0.97–2.20) in the previous 12 months were associated with frailty. There is also significant association between poly pharmacy and frailty (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.50–3.91). Conclusion: Approximately one in five Indonesian community-dwelling elderly was frail. Frailty is associated with functional dependence, being at risk for malnutrition or being malnourished, depression, history of fall, history of hospitalization, and poly pharmacy. There may be bidirectional relationships between the risk factors and frailty. The development of long-term care in Indonesia should be considered, without forcing the elderly who need it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Setiati
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Czeresna Heriawan Soejono
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kuntjoro Harimurti
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Noto Dwimartutie
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - I G P Suka Aryana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Sri Sunarti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Fatichati Budiningsih
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Solo, Indonesia
| | - Roza Mulyana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Lazuardhi Dwipa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Agus Sudarso
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makasar, Indonesia
| | - Rensa Rensa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Atma Jaya, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rahmi Istanti
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Khifzhon Azwar
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jessica Marsigit
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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