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Alajroush DR, Smith CB, Anderson BF, Oyeyemi IT, Beebe SJ, Holder AA. A Comparison of In Vitro Studies between Cobalt(III) and Copper(II) Complexes with Thiosemicarbazone Ligands to Treat Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Inorganica Chim Acta 2024; 562:121898. [PMID: 38282819 PMCID: PMC10810091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2023.121898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Metal complexes have gained significant attention as potential anti-cancer agents. The anti-cancer activity of [Co(phen)2(MeATSC)](NO3)3•1.5H2O•C2H5OH 1 (where phen = 1,10-phenanthroline and MeATSC = 9-anthraldehyde-N(4)-methylthiosemicarbazone) and [Cu(acetylethTSC)Cl]Cl•0.25C2H5OH 2 (where acetylethTSC = (E)-N-ethyl-2-[1-(thiazol-2-yl)ethylidene]hydrazinecarbothioamide) was investigated by analyzing DNA cleavage activity. The cytotoxic effect was analyzed using CCK-8 viability assay. The activities of caspase 3/7, 9, and 1, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cell cycle arrest, and mitochondrial function were further analyzed to study the cell death mechanisms. Complex 2 induced a significant increase in nicked DNA. The IC50 values of complex 1 were 17.59 μM and 61.26 μM in cancer and non-cancer cells, respectively. The IC50 values of complex 2 were 5.63 and 12.19 μM for cancer and non-cancer cells, respectively. Complex 1 induced an increase in ROS levels, mitochondrial dysfunction, and activated caspases 3/7, 9, and 1, which indicated the induction of intrinsic apoptotic pathway and pyroptosis. Complex 2 induced cell cycle arrest in the S phase, ROS generation, and caspase 3/7 activation. Thus, complex 1 induced cell death in the breast cancer cell line via activation of oxidative stress which induced apoptosis and pyroptosis while complex 2 induced cell cycle arrest through the induction of DNA cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duaa R. Alajroush
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University 4501 Elkhorn Avenue, Norfolk, VA 23529, U.S.A
| | - Chloe B. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University 4501 Elkhorn Avenue, Norfolk, VA 23529, U.S.A
| | - Brittney F. Anderson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Virgin Islands, 2 John Brewers Bay, St. Thomas, VI 00802, U.S.A
| | - Ifeoluwa T. Oyeyemi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University 4501 Elkhorn Avenue, Norfolk, VA 23529, U.S.A
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Nigeria
| | - Stephen J. Beebe
- Frank Reidy Research center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, 4211 Monarch Way, Suite 300, Norfolk, VA, 23508, U.S.A
| | - Alvin A. Holder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University 4501 Elkhorn Avenue, Norfolk, VA 23529, U.S.A
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Shen X, Niu N, Xue J. Oncogenic KRAS triggers metabolic reprogramming in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Transl Int Med 2023; 11:322-329. [PMID: 38130635 PMCID: PMC10732496 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2022-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease with an extremely high lethality rate. Oncogenic KRAS activation has been proven to be a key driver of PDAC initiation and progression. There is increasing evidence that PDAC cells undergo extensive metabolic reprogramming to adapt to their extreme energy and biomass demands. Cell-intrinsic factors, such as KRAS mutations, are able to trigger metabolic rewriting. Here, we update recent advances in KRAS-driven metabolic reprogramming and the associated metabolic therapeutic potential in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200127, China
| | - Ningning Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200127, China
| | - Jing Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200127, China
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Alavijeh RK, Akhbari K. Improved Cytotoxicity and Induced Apoptosis in HeLa Cells by Co-loading Vitamin E Succinate and Curcumin in Nano-MIL-88B-NH 2. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300415. [PMID: 37553295 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
One of the strategies for improved therapeutic effects in cancer therapy is combination chemotherapy. In this study, a flexible nano-MOF (Fe-MIL-88B-NH2 ) was synthesized in a sonochemical process, then co-loaded with α-tocopheryl succinate (TOS) and curcumin (CCM). The anticancer activity of co-loaded Fe-MIL-88B-NH2 (Fe-MIL-88B-NH2 /TOS@CCM) against the HeLa cells was compared with that of the single-loaded counterpart (Fe-MIL-88B-NH2 @CCM). MTT analysis indicates improved cytotoxicity of Fe-MIL-88B-NH2 /TOS@CCM. The data from the cell apoptosis assay indicated more apoptosis in the case of the co-loaded nano-MOF. This study indicates the positive effect of the presence of TOS on enhancing the anticancer effect of Fe-MIL-88B-NH2 @CCM to prepare a more efficient drug delivery nanosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Karimi Alavijeh
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14155-6455, Iran
| | - Kamran Akhbari
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14155-6455, Iran
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Zhao Z, Sun Y, Tang J, Yang Y, Xu X. LRPPRC regulates malignant behaviors, protects mitochondrial homeostasis, mitochondrial function in osteosarcoma and derived cancer stem-like cells. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:935. [PMID: 37789316 PMCID: PMC10548780 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11443-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leucine-rich pentatricopeptide repeat containing (LRPPRC) is a potential oncogene in multiple tumor types, including lung adenocarcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric cancer. LRPPRC exerts its tumor-promoting effects mainly by regulating mitochondrial homeostasis and inducing oxidative stress. However, the exact role and mechanisms by which LRPPRC acts in osteosarcoma and osteosarcoma-derived cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), which potentially critically contribute to recurrence, metastasis and chemoresistance, are still largely unclear. METHODS LRPPRC level in osteosarcoma cells and CSCs were detected by western blot. Effects of LRPPRC on CSCs were accessed after LRPPRC knockdown by introducing lentivirus containing shRNA targeting to LRPPRC mRNA. RESULTS we found that LRPPRC was highly expressed in several osteosarcoma cell lines and that LRPPRC knockdown inhibited malignant behaviors, including proliferation, invasion, colony formation and tumor formation, in MG63 and U2OS cells. Enriched CSCs derived from MG63 and U2OS cells presented upregulated LRPPRC levels compared to parental cells (PCs), and LRPPRC knockdown markedly decreased the sphere-forming capacity. These findings demonstrate that LRPPRC knockdown decreased stemness in CSCs. Consistent with a previous report, LRPPRC knockdown decreased the expression levels of FOXM1 and its downstream target genes, including PRDX3, MnSOD and catalase, which are responsible for scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Expectedly, LRPPRC knockdown increased the accumulation of ROS in osteosarcoma and osteosarcoma-derived CSCs under hypoxic conditions due to the decrease in ROS scavenging proteins. Moreover, LRPPRC knockdown sensitized osteosarcomas and CSCs against carboplatin, a ROS-inducing chemoagent, and promoted apoptosis. Furthermore, LRPPRC knockdown significantly decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, disturbed mitochondrial homeostasis and led to mitochondrial dysfunction. CONCLUSION Taken together, these findings indicated that LRPPRC exerts critical roles in regulating mitochondrial homeostasis, mitochondrial function and tumorigenesis in osteosarcomas and osteosarcoma-derived CSCs. This suggests that LRPPRC might be a promising therapeutic target for osteosarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Zhao
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yingwei Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jing Tang
- Chongqing Three gorges medical college, Chongqing, 404120, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Yang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochao Xu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610000, P.R. China.
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Wang T, Ye Z, Li Z, Jing D, Fan G, Liu M, Zhuo Q, Ji S, Yu X, Xu X, Qin Y. Lactate-induced protein lactylation: A bridge between epigenetics and metabolic reprogramming in cancer. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13478. [PMID: 37060186 PMCID: PMC10542650 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactate is not only an endpoint of glycolysis but is gradually being discovered to play the role of a universal metabolic fuel for energy via the 'lactate shuttle' moving between cells and transmitting signals. The glycolytic-dependent metabolism found in tumours and fast-growing cells has made lactate a pivotal player in energy metabolism reprogramming, which enables cells to obtain abundant energy in a short time. Moreover, lactate can provide favourable conditions for tumorigenesis by shaping the acidic tumour microenvironment, recruiting immune cells, etc. and the recently discovered lactate-induced lactylation moves even further on pro-tumorigenesis mechanisms of lactate production, circulation and utilization. As with other epigenetic modifications, lactylation can modify histone proteins to alter the spatial configuration of chromatin, affect DNA accessibility and regulate the expression of corresponding genes. What's more, the degree of lactylation is inseparable from the spatialized lactate concentration, which builds a bridge between epigenetics and metabolic reprogramming. Here, we review the important role of lactate in energy reprogramming, summarize the latest finding of lactylation in tumorigenesis and try to explore therapeutic strategies in oncotherapy that can kill two birds with one stone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghaiChina
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zeng Ye
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghaiChina
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghaiChina
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - De‐sheng Jing
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghaiChina
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Gui‐xiong Fan
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghaiChina
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Meng‐qi Liu
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghaiChina
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qi‐feng Zhuo
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghaiChina
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shun‐rong Ji
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghaiChina
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xian‐jun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghaiChina
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao‐wu Xu
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghaiChina
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghaiChina
- Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Zhang K, Zhu J, Wang R, Zhu W, Zhang Z, Gong L, Feng F, Liu W, Han L, Qu W. Mitochondria-Anchoring Self-assembled Nanoparticles for Multi-Path Energy Depletion: A "Nano Bomb" in Chemo-co-Starvation Therapy. Int J Pharm 2023:123180. [PMID: 37364784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
As the main systemic treatment for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the bleak medical prognosis of chemotherapy resulted in impaired life quality by tumor recurrence and metastasis. The feasible cancer starvation therapy could inhibit tumor progression by blocking energy supplements, however, the mono-therapeutic modality showed limited curing efficacy due to heterogeneity and abnormal energy metabolism of TNBC. Thus, the development of a synergistic nano-therapeutic modality involving different anti-tumor mechanisms to simultaneously transport medicines to the organelle where metabolism took place, might remarkably improve curing efficacy, targeting ability, and bio-safety. Herein, the hybrid BLG@TPGS NPs were prepared by doping multi-path energy inhibitors Berberine (BBR) and Lonidamine (LND) as well as the chemotherapeutic agent Gambogic acid (GA). Our research indicated that Nanobomb\mathord{-} BLG@TPGS NPs inherited the mitochondria targeting ability from BBR to accumulate precisely at the "energy factory" mitochondria, and then induce starvation therapy to efficiently eradicated cancer cells by coordinately powered off tumor cells via a "three-prone strategy" to cut off mitochondrial respiration, glycolysis, and glutamine metabolism. The inhibition of tumor proliferation and migration was enlarged by the synergistic combination with chemotherapy. Besides, apoptosis via mitochondria pathway and mitochondria fragmentation supported the hypothesis that NPs eliminated MDA-MB-231 cells by violently attacking MDA-MB-231 cells and especially the mitochondria. In summary, this synergistic chemo-co-starvation nanomedicine proposed an innovative site-specific targeting strategy for improved tumor treatment and decreased toxicity to normal tissues, which provided an option for clinical TNBC-sensitive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Wanfang Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Tumor Precise Intervention and Translational Medicine Laboratory, The affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Liangping Gong
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Feng Feng
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Lingfei Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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Atlante A, Valenti D. Mitochondria Have Made a Long Evolutionary Path from Ancient Bacteria Immigrants within Eukaryotic Cells to Essential Cellular Hosts and Key Players in Human Health and Disease. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:4451-4479. [PMID: 37232752 PMCID: PMC10217700 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45050283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria have made a long evolutionary path from ancient bacteria immigrants within the eukaryotic cell to become key players for the cell, assuming crucial multitasking skills critical for human health and disease. Traditionally identified as the powerhouses of eukaryotic cells due to their central role in energy metabolism, these chemiosmotic machines that synthesize ATP are known as the only maternally inherited organelles with their own genome, where mutations can cause diseases, opening up the field of mitochondrial medicine. More recently, the omics era has highlighted mitochondria as biosynthetic and signaling organelles influencing the behaviors of cells and organisms, making mitochondria the most studied organelles in the biomedical sciences. In this review, we will especially focus on certain 'novelties' in mitochondrial biology "left in the shadows" because, although they have been discovered for some time, they are still not taken with due consideration. We will focus on certain particularities of these organelles, for example, those relating to their metabolism and energy efficiency. In particular, some of their functions that reflect the type of cell in which they reside will be critically discussed, for example, the role of some carriers that are strictly functional to the typical metabolism of the cell or to the tissue specialization. Furthermore, some diseases in whose pathogenesis, surprisingly, mitochondria are involved will be mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Atlante
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Valenti
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
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Liu C, Jin B, Liu Y, Juhua O, Bao B, Yang B, Liu X, Yu P, Luo Y, Wang S, Teng Z, Song N, Qu J, Zhao J, Chen Y, Qu X, Zhang L. Construction of the prognostic model for small-cell lung cancer based on inflammatory markers: A real-world study of 612 cases with eastern cooperative oncology group performance score 0-1. Cancer Med 2023; 12:9527-9540. [PMID: 37015898 PMCID: PMC10166948 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This research aimed to explore the relationship between pre-treatment inflammatory markers and other clinical characteristics and the survival of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients who received first-line platinum-based treatment and to construct nomograms for predicting overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). METHODS A total of 612 patients diagnosed with SCLC between March 2008 and August 2021 were randomly divided into two cohorts: a training cohort (n = 459) and a validation cohort (n = 153). Inflammatory markers, clinicopathological factors, and follow-up information of patients were collected for each case. Cox regression was used to conduct univariate and multivariate analyses and the independent prognostic factors were adopted to develop the nomograms. Harrell's concordance index (C-index) and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve were used to verify model differentiation, calibration curve was used to verify consistency, and decision curve analysis was used to verify the clinical application value. RESULTS Our results showed that baseline C-reactive protein/albumin ratio, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, NSE level, hyponatremia, the efficacy of first-line chemotherapy, and stage were independent prognostic factors for both OS and PFS in SCLC. In the training cohort, the C-index of PFS and OS was 0.698 and 0.666, respectively. In the validation cohort, the C-index of PFS and OS was 0.727 and 0.747, respectively. The nomograms showed good predictability and high clinical value. Also, our new clinical models were superior to the US Veterans Administration Lung Study Group (VALG) staging for predicting the prognosis of SCLC. CONCLUSIONS The two prognostic nomograms of SCLC including inflammatory markers, VALG stage, and other clinicopathological factors had good predictive value and could individually assess the survival of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Shenyang, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Shenyang, China
| | - Ouyang Juhua
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Shenyang, China
| | - Bowen Bao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Shenyang, China
| | - Bowen Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiuming Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Shenyang, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Shenyang, China
| | - Zan Teng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Shenyang, China
| | - Na Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinglei Qu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiujuan Qu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Shenyang, China
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Shenyang, China
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Magazenkova DN, Skomorokhova EA, Farroukh MA, Zharkova MS, Jassem ZM, Rekina VE, Shamova OV, Puchkova LV, Ilyechova EY. Influence of Silver Nanoparticles on the Growth of Ascitic and Solid Ehrlich Adenocarcinoma: Focus on Copper Metabolism. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041099. [PMID: 37111584 PMCID: PMC10145613 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The link between copper metabolism and tumor progression motivated us to use copper chelators for suppression of tumor growth. We assume that silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can be used for lowering bioavailable copper. Our assumption is based on the ability of Ag(I) ions released by AgNPs in biological media and interfere with Cu(I) transport. Intervention of Ag(I) into copper metabolism leads to the replacement of copper by silver in ceruloplasmin and the decrease in bioavailable copper in the bloodstream. To check this assumption, mice with ascitic or solid Ehrlich adenocarcinoma (EAC) were treated with AgNPs using different protocols. Copper status indexes (copper concentration, ceruloplasmin protein level, and oxidase activity) were monitored to assess copper metabolism. The expression of copper-related genes was determined by real-time PCR in the liver and tumors, and copper and silver levels were measured by FAAS. Intraperitoneal AgNPs treatment beginning on the day of tumor inoculation enhanced mice survival, reduced the proliferation of ascitic EAC cells, and suppressed the activity of HIF1α, TNF-α and VEGFa genes. Topical treatment by the AgNPs, which was started together with the implantation of EAC cells in the thigh, also enhanced mice survival, decreased tumor growth, and repressed genes responsible for neovascularization. The advantages of silver-induced copper deficiency over copper chelators are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria N. Magazenkova
- Research Center of Advanced Functional Materials and Laser Communication Systems, Institute of Advanced Data Transfer Systems, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnology, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A. Skomorokhova
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mohammad Al Farroukh
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria S. Zharkova
- Department of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Zena M. Jassem
- Research Center of Advanced Functional Materials and Laser Communication Systems, Institute of Advanced Data Transfer Systems, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Valeria E. Rekina
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnology, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga V. Shamova
- Department of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ludmila V. Puchkova
- Research Center of Advanced Functional Materials and Laser Communication Systems, Institute of Advanced Data Transfer Systems, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnology, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Y. Ilyechova
- Research Center of Advanced Functional Materials and Laser Communication Systems, Institute of Advanced Data Transfer Systems, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnology, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(921)-7605274
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Asiatic acid as a leading structure for derivatives combining sub-nanomolar cytotoxicity, high selectivity, and the ability to overcome drug resistance in human preclinical tumor models. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 250:115189. [PMID: 36780832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Amides and rhodamine B conjugates of different pentacyclic triterpene acids have been shown outstanding cytotoxicity for human tumor cells. Starting from asiatic acid, a new rhodamine B hybrid has been synthesized, and its cytotoxic activity was investigated employing several human tumor cell lines (A375 (melanoma), HT29 (colorectal carcinoma), MCF7 (breast adenocarcinoma), A2780 (ovarian carcinoma), HeLa (cervical carcinoma), (NIH 3T3 (non-malignant murine fibroblasts). For these conjugates of this kind it has been established that the spacer attached to the carboxyl group at ring E governs the magnitude of the cytotoxicity. These asiatic acid - rhodamine B conjugates were highly cytotoxic for human tumor cell lines but also selective. For example, 7, an acetylated homopiperazinyl spacered rhodamine B conjugate, held an EC50 = 0.8 nM for A2780 ovarian carcinoma cells. Additional staining experiments showed the rhodamine B conjugates to act as mitocans and to effect apoptosis. In further tests using 3D spheroid models of colorectal- and mamma carcinoma, 7 demonstrated activity in the lower nanomolar range and the ability to overcome resistance to clinically used standard chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore 7 induces cytotoxic effects leading to an equal response in the chemotherapy of both sensitive and resistant tumor models. Analyses of mitochondrial function and glycolysis and respiration derived ATP production confirmed compound 7 to act as mitocan but also revealed a rapid perturbation of the cellular energy metabolism as the primary mechanism of action, which is completely different to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs and thereby explains the ability of compound 7 to overcome chemotherapeutic drug resistance.
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11
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Suprihadi A, Pustimbara A, Ogura SI. 5-aminolevulinic acid and sodium ferrous citrate decreased cell viability of gastric cancer cells by enhanced ROS generation through improving COX activity. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 40:103055. [PMID: 35934181 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunctions are related to cancer development.. 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is used for photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this PDT, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), which is converted from ALA, can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that kill the cancer cell. ALA is also reported to promote cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity, which can generate ROS itself. Therefore, this study focused on the effect of ALA during PDT. In addition, in the previous study, sodium ferrous citrate (SFC) is reported to increase COX activity. So, this study also aims to improve the COX activity by the addition of SFC that can promote ROS generation, which has a cytotoxic effect. METHODS In this study, we used ALA and SFC, then evaluated the effects of the treatment on the human gastric cancer cell line MKN45, including the induction of cell death. RESULTS This study showed that treatment with ALA and SFC increases intracellular heme and heme proteins. Moreover, COX activity was promoted, resulting in the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which eventually reduced the cell viability in human gastric cancer cell line MKN45. CONCLUSION Our study can detect ROS generation with ALA and SFC. Furthermore, we found this generation of ROS has a cytotoxic effect. Therefore, this phenomenon contributes to the effect of PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Suprihadi
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, 4259 Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Anantya Pustimbara
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, 4259 Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Shun-Ichiro Ogura
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, 4259 Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
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12
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Sun B, Hou Q, Liang Y, Xue S, Yao N, Wei L, Cao X, Li H, Si H, Cao J. Prognostic ability of lung immune prognostic index in limited-stage small cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1233. [PMID: 36447193 PMCID: PMC9706962 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10351-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) is a prognostic marker of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) patients received immunotherapy or chemotherapy. However, its ability in limited-stage SCLC (LS-SCLC) should be evaluated extensively. METHODS We retrospectively enrolled 497 patients diagnosed as LS-SCLC between 2015 and 2018, and clinical data included pretreatment lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), white blood cell count, and absolute neutrophil count levels were collected. According to the LIPI scores, the patients were stratified into low-risk (0 points) and high-risk (1-2 points). The correlations between LIPI and overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed by the Cox regression. Additionally, the propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability of treatment weight (IPTW) methods were used to reduce the selection and confounding bias. A nomogram was constructed using on multivariable Cox model. RESULTS Two hundred fifty and 247 patients were in the LIPI high-risk group and low-risk group, and their median OS was 14.67 months (95% CI: 12.30-16.85) and 20.53 months (95% CI: 17.67-23.39), respectively. In the statistical analysis, High-risk LIPI was significantly against worse OS (HR = 1.377, 95%CI:1.114-1.702) and poor PFS (HR = 1.338, 95%CI:1.1-1.626), and the result was similar after matching and compensating with the PSM or IPTW method. A novel nomogram based on LIPI has a decent level of predictive power. CONCLUSION LIPI stratification was a significant factor against OS or PFS of LS-SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochen Sun
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018Department of Radiation Oncology, The Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No.3, Zhigongxin Street, Taiyuan, 030010 Shanxi China
| | - Qing Hou
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018Department of Radiation Oncology, The Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No.3, Zhigongxin Street, Taiyuan, 030010 Shanxi China
| | - Yu Liang
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018Department of Radiation Oncology, The Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No.3, Zhigongxin Street, Taiyuan, 030010 Shanxi China
| | - Shuqin Xue
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 Anhui Province China
| | - Ningning Yao
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018Department of Radiation Oncology, The Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No.3, Zhigongxin Street, Taiyuan, 030010 Shanxi China
| | - Lijuan Wei
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018Department of Radiation Oncology, The Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No.3, Zhigongxin Street, Taiyuan, 030010 Shanxi China
| | - Xin Cao
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018Department of Radiation Oncology, The Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No.3, Zhigongxin Street, Taiyuan, 030010 Shanxi China
| | - Hongwei Li
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018Department of Radiation Oncology, The Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No.3, Zhigongxin Street, Taiyuan, 030010 Shanxi China
| | - Hongwei Si
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 Anhui Province China
| | - Jianzhong Cao
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018Department of Radiation Oncology, The Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No.3, Zhigongxin Street, Taiyuan, 030010 Shanxi China
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13
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Banerjee S, Hong J, Umar S. Comparative analysis of right ventricular metabolic reprogramming in pre-clinical rat models of severe pulmonary hypertension-induced right ventricular failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:935423. [PMID: 36158812 PMCID: PMC9500217 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.935423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary hypertension (PH) leads to right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy and failure (RVF). The precise mechanisms of the metabolic basis of maladaptive PH-induced RVF (PH-RVF) are yet to be fully elucidated. Here we performed a comparative analysis of RV-metabolic reprogramming in MCT and Su/Hx rat models of severe PH-RVF using targeted metabolomics and multi-omics. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats (250–300 gm; n = 15) were used. Rats received subcutaneous monocrotaline (60 mg/kg; MCT; n = 5) and followed for ~30-days or Sugen (20 mg/kg; Su/Hx; n = 5) followed by hypoxia (10% O2; 3-weeks) and normoxia (2-weeks). Controls received saline (Control; n = 5). Serial echocardiography was performed to assess cardiopulmonary hemodynamics. Terminal RV-catheterization was performed to assess PH. Targeted metabolomics was performed on RV tissue using UPLC-MS. RV multi-omics analysis was performed integrating metabolomic and transcriptomic datasets using Joint Pathway Analysis (JPA). Results MCT and Su/Hx rats developed severe PH, RV-hypertrophy and decompensated RVF. Targeted metabolomics of RV of MCT and Su/Hx rats detected 126 and 125 metabolites, respectively. There were 28 and 24 metabolites significantly altered in RV of MCT and Su/Hx rats, respectively, including 11 common metabolites. Common significantly upregulated metabolites included aspartate and GSH, whereas downregulated metabolites included phosphate, α-ketoglutarate, inositol, glutamine, 5-Oxoproline, hexose phosphate, creatine, pantothenic acid and acetylcarnitine. JPA highlighted common genes and metabolites from key pathways such as glycolysis, fatty acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, TCA cycle, etc. Conclusions Comparative analysis of metabolic reprogramming of RV from MCT and Su/Hx rats reveals common and distinct metabolic signatures which may serve as RV-specific novel therapeutic targets for PH-RVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somanshu Banerjee
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jason Hong
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Soban Umar
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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14
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Sanyal T, Das A, Bhowmick P, Bhattacharjee P. Interplay between environmental exposure and mitochondrial DNA methylation in disease susceptibility and cancer: a comprehensive review. THE NUCLEUS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13237-022-00392-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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15
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Zhu Y, Li X, Wang L, Hong X, Yang J. Metabolic reprogramming and crosstalk of cancer-related fibroblasts and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:988295. [PMID: 36046791 PMCID: PMC9421293 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.988295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is notorious that cancer cells alter their metabolism to adjust to harsh environments of hypoxia and nutritional starvation. Metabolic reprogramming most often occurs in the tumor microenvironment (TME). TME is defined as the cellular environment in which the tumor resides. This includes surrounding blood vessels, fibroblasts, immune cells, signaling molecules and the extracellular matrix (ECM). It is increasingly recognized that cancer cells, fibroblasts and immune cells within TME can regulate tumor progression through metabolic reprogramming. As the most significant proportion of cells among all the stromal cells that constitute TME, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are closely associated with tumorigenesis and progression. Multitudinous studies have shown that CAFs participate in and promote tumor metabolic reprogramming and exert regulatory effects via the dysregulation of metabolic pathways. Previous studies have demonstrated that curbing the substance exchange between CAFs and tumor cells can dramatically restrain tumor growth. Emerging studies suggest that CAFs within the TME have emerged as important determinants of metabolic reprogramming. Metabolic reprogramming also occurs in the metabolic pattern of immune cells. In the meanwhile, immune cell phenotype and functions are metabolically regulated. Notably, immune cell functions influenced by metabolic programs may ultimately lead to alterations in tumor immunity. Despite the fact that multiple previous researches have been devoted to studying the interplays between different cells in the tumor microenvironment, the complicated relationship between CAFs and immune cells and implications of metabolic reprogramming remains unknown and requires further investigation. In this review, we discuss our current comprehension of metabolic reprogramming of CAFs and immune cells (mainly glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism) and crosstalk between them that induces immune responses, and we also highlight their contributions to tumorigenesis and progression. Furthermore, we underscore potential therapeutic opportunities arising from metabolism dysregulation and metabolic crosstalk, focusing on strategies targeting CAFs and immune cell metabolic crosstalk in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Zhu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyan Li
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiwei Hong
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of General surgery, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
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16
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Kinjo Y, Naito Y, Akiba J, Sadashima Ct E, Nakayama M, Tanigawa M, Hisaka T, Okabe Y, Yano H. SUOX and GLUT1 are biomarkers for the prognosis in large duct type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Hum Pathol 2022; 128:11-19. [PMID: 35764144 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2022.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is the second most common hepatic malignant disease and has a poor prognosis, but few biomarkers have been found. SUOX is an important factor in energy metabolism and a poor prognostic factor in other malignancies. In this study, we aimed to clarify the relationship between SUOX and GLUT expression in large duct type iCCA and the mechanism of mitochondrial energy metabolism in iCCA. We evaluated SUOX and GLUT1 expression in 96 large duct type iCCA cases and proportion score (PS) was used to evaluate the expression; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of both SUOX and GLUT1 expression were generated, and the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to estimate overall survival. Of the 96 iCCA cases, 73 (76.0%) showed low SUOX expression and 66 (68.8%) showed high GLUT1 expression. The 5-year survival rate of iCCA with low SUOX expression was significantly shorter than that of iCCA with high SUOX expression (p = 0.001). In contrast, the 5-year survival rate of iCCA with high GLUT1 expression was significantly shorter than that of iCCA with low GLUT1 expression (p = 0.005). According to Spearman's correlation, there was no correlation between SUOX and GLUT1. Conversely, the combination of low SUOX and high GLUT1 expression was the most common in 51 of 96 cases (53.1%), and the overall survival was significantly shorter than that of patients with other combinations. Furthermore, SUOX was shown to be an independent prognostic factor together with GLUT1, suggesting that SUOX in combination with GLUT1 can predict the prognosis of large duct type iCCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinao Kinjo
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
| | - Yoshiki Naito
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan.
| | - Jun Akiba
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan.
| | - Eiji Sadashima Ct
- Life Science Research Institute, Saga-ken Medical Center Koseikan, Saga, Japan.
| | - Masamichi Nakayama
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
| | - Masahiko Tanigawa
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
| | - Toru Hisaka
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
| | - Yoshinobu Okabe
- Division of Gastroenterology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
| | - Hirohisa Yano
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
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17
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Colombaioni L, Campanella B, Nieri R, Onor M, Benedetti E, Bramanti E. Time-dependent influence of high glucose environment on the metabolism of neuronal immortalized cells. Anal Biochem 2022; 645:114607. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Keerthiga R, Pei DS, Fu A. Mitochondrial dysfunction, UPR mt signaling, and targeted therapy in metastasis tumor. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:186. [PMID: 34717757 PMCID: PMC8556915 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In modern research, mitochondria are considered a more crucial energy plant in cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction, including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation and denatured protein accumulation, is a common feature of tumors. The dysfunctional mitochondria reprogram molecular metabolism and allow tumor cells to proliferate in the hostile microenvironment. One of the crucial signaling pathways of the mitochondrial dysfunction activation in the tumor cells is the retrograde signaling of mitochondria-nucleus interaction, mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), which is initiated by accumulation of denatured protein and excess ROS production. In the process of UPRmt, various components are activitated to enhance the mitochondria-nucleus retrograde signaling to promote carcinoma progression, including hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), activating transcription factor ATF-4, ATF-5, CHOP, AKT, AMPK. The retrograde signaling molecules of overexpression ATF-5, SIRT3, CREB, SOD1, SOD2, early growth response protein 1 (EGR1), ATF2, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-d, and CHOP also involved in the process. Targeted blockage of the UPRmt pathway could obviously inhibit tumor proliferation and metastasis. This review indicates the UPRmt pathways and its crucial role in targeted therapy of metastasis tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - De-Sheng Pei
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Ailing Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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19
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Mitochondria as a Cellular Hub in Infection and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111338. [PMID: 34768767 PMCID: PMC8583510 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the energy center of the cell. They are found in the cell cytoplasm as dynamic networks where they adapt energy production based on the cell’s needs. They are also at the center of the proinflammatory response and have essential roles in the response against pathogenic infections. Mitochondria are a major site for production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS; or free radicals), which are essential to fight infection. However, excessive and uncontrolled production can become deleterious to the cell, leading to mitochondrial and tissue damage. Pathogens exploit the role of mitochondria during infection by affecting the oxidative phosphorylation mechanism (OXPHOS), mitochondrial network and disrupting the communication between the nucleus and the mitochondria. The role of mitochondria in these biological processes makes these organelle good targets for the development of therapeutic strategies. In this review, we presented a summary of the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria and their involvement in the pathogen response, as well as the potential promising mitochondrial targets for the fight against infectious diseases and chronic inflammatory diseases.
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20
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Novel cytotoxic amphiphilic nitro-compounds derived from a synthetic route for paraconic acids. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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21
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Kosic M, Paunovic V, Ristic B, Mircic A, Bosnjak M, Stevanovic D, Kravic-Stevovic T, Trajkovic V, Harhaji-Trajkovic L. 3-Methyladenine prevents energy stress-induced necrotic death of melanoma cells through autophagy-independent mechanisms. J Pharmacol Sci 2021; 147:156-167. [PMID: 34294367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of 3-methyladenine (3MA), a class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-blocking autophagy inhibitor, on cancer cell death induced by simultaneous inhibition of glycolysis by 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) and mitochondrial respiration by rotenone. 2DG/rotenone reduced ATP levels and increased mitochondrial superoxide production, causing mitochondrial swelling and necrotic death in various cancer cell lines. 2DG/rotenone failed to increase proautophagic beclin-1 and autophagic flux in melanoma cells despite the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and inhibition of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). 3MA, but not autophagy inhibition with other PI3K and lysosomal inhibitors, attenuated 2DG/rotenone-induced mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, ATP depletion, and cell death, while antioxidant treatment mimicked its protective action. The protection was not mediated by autophagy upregulation via class I PI3K/Akt inhibition, as it was preserved in cells with genetically inhibited autophagy. 3MA increased AMPK and mTORC1 activation in energy-stressed cells, but neither AMPK nor mTORC1 inhibition reduced its cytoprotective effect. 3MA reduced JNK activation, and JNK pharmacological/genetic suppression mimicked its mitochondria-preserving and cytoprotective activity. Therefore, 3MA prevents energy stress-triggered cancer cell death through autophagy-independent mechanisms possibly involving JNK suppression and decrease of oxidative stress. Our results warrant caution when using 3MA as an autophagy inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Kosic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 1, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Verica Paunovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 1, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Ristic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 1, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Mircic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mihajlo Bosnjak
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Stevanovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 1, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Kravic-Stevovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Trajkovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 1, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ljubica Harhaji-Trajkovic
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute for Biological Research, "Sinisa Stankovic"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
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22
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Zaher DM, Talaat IM, Hussein A, Hachim MY, Omar HA. Differential expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase E1A and its inactive phosphorylated form among breast cancer subtypes. Life Sci 2021; 284:119885. [PMID: 34384830 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1A (PDH-E1A) is one of the key regulators of metabolic pathways that determines pyruvate entry into the citric acid cycle or glycolysis. When PDH-E1A is phosphorylated (P-PDH-E1A), it loses its activity, shifting the metabolism towards glycolysis. Breast cancer (BC) is a highly heterogeneous disease by which different breast cancer subtypes acquire distinct metabolic profiles. Assessing PDH-E1A and P-PDH-E1A expressions among BC subtypes might reveal their association with the distinct molecular profiles of BCs. METHODS The expressions of PDH-E1A and P-PDH-E1A were investigated in BC cell lines and 115 BC tissues using Western blot and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Besides, PDHE1A mRNA expression was assessed in 1084 BCE patients' transcriptomics data retrieved from Cancer Genome Atlas database. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the correlation of PDH-E1A and P-PDH-E1A expressions with patients' clinicopathological characteristics. Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate their prognostic value. KEY FINDINGS Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association between PDH-E1A/P-PDH-E1A expressions and the molecular subtype, histological type, and tumor size of breast cancer tissues. The hormonal receptors (ER and PR), HER-2, and Ki67 protein expressions were significantly associated with PDH-E1A and P-PDH-E1A protein expressions. Similar findings were observed when PDHA1 mRNA expression was assessed. The increased protein expression of PDH-E1A could be an independent prognostic factor for unfavorable overall survival (OS). In contrast, high PDHA1 mRNA expression had better OS. SIGNIFICANCE This study revealed the differential expression of PDH-E1A and P-PDH-E1A among breast cancer subtypes and suggested PDH-E1A expression as a prognostic factor for BC patients' OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M Zaher
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Iman M Talaat
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21131, Egypt
| | - Amal Hussein
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mahmood Y Hachim
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; Center for Genomic Discovery, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hany A Omar
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt.
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Zerbib E, Arif T, Shteinfer-Kuzmine A, Chalifa-Caspi V, Shoshan-Barmatz V. VDAC1 Silencing in Cancer Cells Leads to Metabolic Reprogramming That Modulates Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112850. [PMID: 34200480 PMCID: PMC8201394 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumors are comprised of proliferating cancer cells, and their microenvironment consists of the extracellular matrix, blood vessels, and a variety of tissue cells. The tumor microenvironment functions in cell growth, proliferation, migration, immunity, malignant transformation, and apoptosis. Understanding the molecular interactions between cancer cells and their microenvironment would facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies to disrupt these interactions and fight cancer. Here, we demonstrate that depleting the mitochondrial gatekeeper VDAC1 in human cancer cells in tumors led to metabolic reprogramming, inhibited tumor growth, and disrupted tumor–host interactions. A next-generation sequencing analysis of human lung cell-derived tumors expressing or depleted of VDAC1 allows distinguishing genes of human or murine origin, thus enabling the separation of the bidirectional cross-talk between malignant cells and the tumor microenvironment. A battery of human cancer cell and mouse genes associated with tumor microenvironment formation and remodeling were altered. The results point to VDAC1 as a novel target for both inhibiting tumor growth and modulating the tumor microenvironment, thus influencing cancer progression, migration, and invasion. Abstract The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in cell growth, proliferation, migration, immunity, malignant transformation, and apoptosis. Thus, better insight into tumor–host interactions is required. Most of these processes involve the metabolic reprogramming of cells. Here, we focused on this reprogramming in cancerous cells and its effect on the TME. A major limitation in the study of tumor–host interactions is the difficulty in separating cancerous from non-cancerous signaling pathways within a tumor. Our strategy involved specifically silencing the expression of VDAC1 in the mitochondria of human-derived A549 lung cancer xenografts in mice, but not in the mouse-derived cells of the TME. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis allows distinguishing the human or mouse origin of genes, thus enabling the separation of the bidirectional cross-talk between the TME and malignant cells. We demonstrate that depleting VDAC1 in cancer cells led to metabolic reprogramming, tumor regression, and the disruption of tumor–host interactions. This was reflected in the altered expression of a battery of genes associated with TME, including those involved in extracellular matrix organization and structure, matrix-related peptidases, angiogenesis, intercellular interacting proteins, integrins, and growth factors associated with stromal activities. We show that metabolic rewiring upon mitochondrial VDAC1 silencing in cancer cells affected several components of the TME, such as structural protein matrix metalloproteinases and Lox, and elicited a stromal response resembling the reaction to a foreign body in wound healing. As tumor progression requires a cooperative interplay between the host and cancer cells, and the ECM is intensively remodeled during cancer progression, VDAC1 depletion induced metabolic reprogramming that targeted both tumor cells and resulted in the alteration of the whole spectrum of TME-related genes, affecting the reciprocal feedback between ECM molecules, host cells, and cancer cells. Thus, VDAC1 depletion using si-VDAC1 represents therapeutic potential, inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and also inducing the modulation of TME components, which influences cancer progression, migration, and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erez Zerbib
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (E.Z.); (T.A.)
| | - Tasleem Arif
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (E.Z.); (T.A.)
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, NY 10029, USA
| | - Anna Shteinfer-Kuzmine
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;
| | - Vered Chalifa-Caspi
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;
| | - Varda Shoshan-Barmatz
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (E.Z.); (T.A.)
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;
- Correspondence:
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24
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Leão Barros MB, Pinheiro DDR, Borges BDN. Mitochondrial DNA Alterations in Glioblastoma (GBM). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115855. [PMID: 34072607 PMCID: PMC8199454 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an extremely aggressive tumor originating from neural stem cells of the central nervous system, which has high histopathological and genomic diversity. Mitochondria are cellular organelles associated with the regulation of cellular metabolism, redox signaling, energy generation, regulation of cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Accumulation of mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) leads to mitochondrial dysfunction that plays an important role in GBM pathogenesis, favoring abnormal energy and reactive oxygen species production and resistance to apoptosis and to chemotherapeutic agents. The present review summarizes the known mitochondrial DNA alterations related to GBM, their cellular and metabolic consequences, and their association with diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariceli Baia Leão Barros
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belém, PA 66075, Brazil;
| | | | - Bárbara do Nascimento Borges
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belém, PA 66075, Brazil;
- Correspondence:
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25
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Tyciakova S, Valova V, Svitkova B, Matuskova M. Overexpression of TNFα induces senescence, autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunctions in melanoma cells. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:507. [PMID: 33957885 PMCID: PMC8101174 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08237-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is a pleiotropic cytokine with both anti-tumorigenic and pro-tumorigenic activity, affecting tumor cell biology, the balance between cell survival and death. The final effect of TNFα is dependent on the type of malignant cells, with the potential to arrest cancer progression. Methods In order to explain the diverse cellular response to TNFα, we engineered melanoma and colorectal carcinoma cell lines stably overexpressing this cytokine. Results Under the TNFα overexpression, significant upregulation of two genes was observed: proinflammatory cytokine IL6 gene in melanoma cells A375 and gene for pro-apoptotic ligand TRAIL in colorectal carcinoma cells HT29, both mediated by TNFα/TNFR1 signaling. Malignant melanoma line A375 displayed also increased autophagy on day 3, followed by premature senescence on day 6. Both processes seem to be interconnected, following earlier apoptosis induction and deregulation of mitochondrial functions. We documented altered mitochondrial status, lowered ATP production, lowered mitochondrial mass, and changes in mitochondrial morphology (shortened and condensed mitochondria) both in melanoma and colorectal carcinoma cells. Overexpression of TNFα was not linked with significant affection of the subpopulation of cancer stem-like cells in vitro. However, we could demonstrate a decrease in aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity up to 50%, which is associated with to the stemness phenotype. Conclusions Our in vitro study of direct TNFα influence demonstrates two distinct outcomes in tumor cells of different origin, in non-epithelial malignant melanoma cells of neural crest origin, and in colorectal carcinoma cells derived from the epithelium. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08237-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Tyciakova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Valeria Valova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbora Svitkova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Matuskova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
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26
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Genovese I, Carinci M, Modesti L, Aguiari G, Pinton P, Giorgi C. Mitochondria: Insights into Crucial Features to Overcome Cancer Chemoresistance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094770. [PMID: 33946271 PMCID: PMC8124268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are key regulators of cell survival and are involved in a plethora of mechanisms, such as metabolism, Ca2+ signaling, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitophagy and mitochondrial transfer, fusion, and fission (known as mitochondrial dynamics). The tuning of these processes in pathophysiological conditions is fundamental to the balance between cell death and survival. Indeed, ROS overproduction and mitochondrial Ca2+ overload are linked to the induction of apoptosis, while the impairment of mitochondrial dynamics and metabolism can have a double-faceted role in the decision between cell survival and death. Tumorigenesis involves an intricate series of cellular impairments not yet completely clarified, and a further level of complexity is added by the onset of apoptosis resistance mechanisms in cancer cells. In the majority of cases, cancer relapse or lack of responsiveness is related to the emergence of chemoresistance, which may be due to the cooperation of several cellular protection mechanisms, often mitochondria-related. With this review, we aim to critically report the current evidence on the relationship between mitochondria and cancer chemoresistance with a particular focus on the involvement of mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling, oxidative stress, and metabolism to possibly identify new approaches or targets for overcoming cancer resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Genovese
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.G.); (M.C.); (L.M.); (P.P.)
| | - Marianna Carinci
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.G.); (M.C.); (L.M.); (P.P.)
| | - Lorenzo Modesti
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.G.); (M.C.); (L.M.); (P.P.)
| | - Gianluca Aguiari
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.G.); (M.C.); (L.M.); (P.P.)
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.G.); (M.C.); (L.M.); (P.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Kuznetsov AV, Javadov S, Margreiter R, Grimm M, Hagenbuchner J, Ausserlechner MJ. Structural and functional remodeling of mitochondria as an adaptive response to energy deprivation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2021; 1862:148393. [PMID: 33549532 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells bioenergetics is more dependent on glycolysis than mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, a phenomenon known as the Warburg Effect. It has been proposed that inhibition of glycolysis may selectively affect cancer cells. However, the effects of glycolysis inhibition on mitochondrial function and structure in cancer cells are not completely understood. Here, we investigated the comparative effects of 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG, a glucose analogue, which suppresses cellular glycolysis) on cellular bioenergetics in human colon cancer DLD-1 cells, smooth muscle cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells and HL-1 cardiomyocytes. In all cells, 2-DG treatment resulted in significant ATP depletion, however, the cell viability remained unchanged. Also, we did not observe the synergistic effects of 2-DG with anticancer drugs doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil. Instead, after 2-DG treatment and ATP depletion, mitochondrial respiration and membrane potential were significantly enhanced and mitochondrial morphology changed in the direction of more network organization. Analysis of protein expression demonstrated that 2-DG treatment induced an activation of AMPK (elevated pAMPK/AMPK ratio), increased mitochondrial fusion (mitofusins 1 and 2) and decreased fission (Drp1) proteins. In conclusion, this study suggests a strong link between respiratory function and structural organization of mitochondria in the cell. We propose that the functionality of the mitochondrial network is enhanced compared to disconnected mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V Kuznetsov
- Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Pediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Sabzali Javadov
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA.
| | - Raimund Margreiter
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Michael Grimm
- Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Judith Hagenbuchner
- Department of Pediatrics II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Cho S, Song N, Choi JY, Shin A. Effect of Citric Acid Cycle Genetic Variants and Their Interactions with Obesity, Physical Activity and Energy Intake on the Risk of Colorectal Cancer: Results from a Nested Case-Control Study in the UK Biobank. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102939. [PMID: 33053772 PMCID: PMC7601149 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The citric acid cycle has a central role in the cellular energy metabolism and biosynthesis of macromolecules in the mitochondrial matrix. We identified the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the citrate acid cycle with colorectal cancer susceptibility in UK population. Furthermore, we found the significant interaction of SNPs in the citric acid cycle with the contributors to energy balance and SNP-SNP interactions. Our findings provide clues to the etiology in cancer development related to energy metabolism and evidence on identification of the population at high risk of colorectal cancer. Abstract Colorectal cancer is a common malignancy worldwide. Physical activity and a healthy diet contribute to energy balance and have been recommended for the prevention of colorectal cancer. We suggest that the individual differences in energy balance can be explained by genetic polymorphisms involved in mitochondria, which play a central role in energy metabolism at the cellular level. This study aimed to evaluate the association between genetic variants of the mitochondrial citric acid cycle and colorectal cancer. Study participants comprised 3523 colorectal cancer cases and 10,522 matched controls from the UK Biobank study. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for colorectal cancer were estimated using a conditional logistic regression model. We found a significant association between the SUCLG2 gene rs35494829 and colon cancer (ORs [95% CIs] per increment of the minor allele, 0.82 [0.74–0.92]). Statistical significance was observed in the interactions of the citric acid cycle variants with obesity, energy intake, and vigorous physical activity in colorectal cancer. We also identified significant SNP-SNP interactions among citric acid cycle SNPs in colorectal cancer. The results of this study may provide evidence for bioenergetics in the development of colorectal cancer and for establishing a precise prevention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooyoung Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Nan Song
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (N.S.); (J.-Y.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Ji-Yeob Choi
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (N.S.); (J.-Y.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Aesun Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (N.S.); (J.-Y.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-740-8331; Fax: +82-2-747-4830
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A Review of GC-Based Analysis of Non-Invasive Biomarkers of Colorectal Cancer and Related Pathways. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9103191. [PMID: 33019642 PMCID: PMC7601558 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world. In Europe, it is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths. With the advent of metabolomics approaches, studies regarding the investigation of metabolite profiles related to CRC have been conducted, aiming to serve as a tool for early diagnosis. In order to provide further information about the current status of this field of research, 21 studies were systematically reviewed, regarding their main findings and analytical aspects. A special focus was given to the employment of matrices obtained non-invasively and the use of gas chromatography as the analytical platform. The relationship between the reported volatile and non-volatile biomarkers and CRC-related metabolic alterations was also explored, demonstrating that many of these metabolites are connected with biochemical pathways proven to be involved in carcinogenesis. The most commonly reported CRC indicators were hydrocarbons, aldehydes, amino acids and short-chain fatty acids. These potential biomarkers can be associated with both human and bacterial pathways and the analysis based on such species has the potential to be applied in the clinical practice as a low-cost screening method.
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30
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Peruzzo R, Costa R, Bachmann M, Leanza L, Szabò I. Mitochondrial Metabolism, Contact Sites and Cellular Calcium Signaling: Implications for Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2574. [PMID: 32927611 PMCID: PMC7564994 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles that are mainly involved in the generation of ATP by cellular respiration. In addition, they modulate several intracellular functions, ranging from cell proliferation and differentiation to cell death. Importantly, mitochondria are social and can interact with other organelles, such as the Endoplasmic Reticulum, lysosomes and peroxisomes. This symbiotic relationship gives advantages to both partners in regulating some of their functions related to several aspects of cell survival, metabolism, sensitivity to cell death and metastasis, which can all finally contribute to tumorigenesis. Moreover, growing evidence indicates that modulation of the length and/or numbers of these contacts, as well as of the distance between the two engaged organelles, impacts both on their function as well as on cellular signaling. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the field of contacts and communication between mitochondria and other intracellular organelles, focusing on how the tuning of mitochondrial function might impact on both the interaction with other organelles as well as on intracellular signaling in cancer development and progression, with a special focus on calcium signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (R.P.); (R.C.); (M.B.); (I.S.)
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Valizade M, Raesi Vanani A, Rezaei M, Khorsandi LS, Zeidooni L, Mahdavinia M. Mesobuthus eupeus venom induced injury in the colorectal carcinoma cell line (HT29) through altering the mitochondria membrane stability. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:760-767. [PMID: 32695292 PMCID: PMC7351445 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.40884.9659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): The purpose of this study was to investigate cytotoxicity and membrane toxicity effects induced by Mesobuthus eupeus venom (MEV) on the HT-29 cell line. Materials and Methods: To determine the in vitro cytotoxicity via MTT assays, HT-29 (as cancer cell line) and Hek-293T (as normal cell) were treated through different concentrations of MEV, and cytotoxicity effects were then measured through assessment of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and apoptosis induction. The colony formation assay was performed to measure the antiproliferative effect of MEV on HT-29 cells. Nuclei alterations were also observed during apoptosis following DAPI staining. Besides, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to detect alterations in morphology and ultrastructure of the cells at a nanoscale level. Results: According to MTT and clonogenic assays, MEV caused a significant decrease in cell viability and proliferation of HT-29 cells while it did not have any impact on normal cells and the IC50 value was found to be 10 µg/ml. Induction of apoptosis was also confirmed by flowcytometric analysis in HT-29 cells. Moreover, the results indicated that MEV had led to a suppression of proliferation and induction of apoptosis through increased ROS and depolarization of mitochondria. Furthermore, AFM imaging demonstrated apoptosis cell death after being treated with MEV in HT-29 cells. Conclusion: This study showed that MEV had an antiproliferative effect on HT-29 cells by inducing apoptosis through the mitochondria signaling pathway. These findings suggested that MEV could be used as a promising natural remedy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massood Valizade
- Cell & Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Atefeh Raesi Vanani
- Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rezaei
- Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Laya Sadat Khorsandi
- Cell & Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Leila Zeidooni
- Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Masoud Mahdavinia
- Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Adenine Nucleotide Translocase 2 as an Enzyme Related to [ 18F] FDG Accumulation in Various Cancers. Mol Imaging Biol 2020; 21:722-730. [PMID: 30225759 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1268-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and hexokinase 2 (HK2) are known as major proteins involved in the molecular mechanisms for accumulating 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) in cancer cells, sometimes, [18F] FDG accumulation cannot be explained by the expression of these two proteins. We investigated the involvement of adenine nucleotide translocase 2 (ANT2), which catalyzes ADP/ATP exchange at the mitochondrial inner membrane, in [18F] FDG accumulation. PROCEDURES ANT2 expression was evaluated in various cancer cell lines and human cancer tissues (microarrays) using western blot and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, respectively. The expression levels of ANT2 were compared to [18F] FDG accumulation and pathologic findings, including differentiation grade. Additionally, we modulated ANT2 expression levels using ANT2 siRNA and an ANT2 expression vector in cancer cells and murine xenografted tumors. RESULTS [18F] FDG accumulation correlated with ANT2 expression in various cancer cell lines; this was not explained by GLUT1 and/or HK2 expression. At both the cell and tissue levels, ANT2 expression was high in less-differentiated or more malignant type of cancers. [18F] FDG accumulation changed according to the modulation of the ANT2 expression level. CONCLUSION In various cancer cells and tissues, the expression levels of ANT2 explained [18F] FDG accumulation better than those of GLUT1 and HK2. ANT2 can be used as a marker of dedifferentiated pathology and aggressiveness of cancer.
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Weber DD, Aminzadeh-Gohari S, Tulipan J, Catalano L, Feichtinger RG, Kofler B. Ketogenic diet in the treatment of cancer - Where do we stand? Mol Metab 2020; 33:102-121. [PMID: 31399389 PMCID: PMC7056920 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is one of the greatest public health challenges worldwide, and we still lack complementary approaches to significantly enhance the efficacy of standard anticancer therapies. The ketogenic diet, a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet with adequate amounts of protein, appears to sensitize most cancers to standard treatment by exploiting the reprogramed metabolism of cancer cells, making the diet a promising candidate as an adjuvant cancer therapy. SCOPE OF REVIEW To critically evaluate available preclinical and clinical evidence regarding the ketogenic diet in the context of cancer therapy. Furthermore, we highlight important mechanisms that could explain the potential antitumor effects of the ketogenic diet. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The ketogenic diet probably creates an unfavorable metabolic environment for cancer cells and thus can be regarded as a promising adjuvant as a patient-specific multifactorial therapy. The majority of preclinical and several clinical studies argue for the use of the ketogenic diet in combination with standard therapies based on its potential to enhance the antitumor effects of classic chemo- and radiotherapy, its overall good safety and tolerability and increase in quality of life. However, to further elucidate the mechanisms of the ketogenic diet as a therapy and evaluate its application in clinical practice, more molecular studies as well as uniformly controlled clinical trials are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela D Weber
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Sepideh Aminzadeh-Gohari
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Julia Tulipan
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Luca Catalano
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - René G Feichtinger
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Barbara Kofler
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
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Beebe SJ, Celestine MJ, Bullock JL, Sandhaus S, Arca JF, Cropek DM, Ludvig TA, Foster SR, Clark JS, Beckford FA, Tano CM, Tonsel-White EA, Gurung RK, Stankavich CE, Tse-Dinh YC, Jarrett WL, Holder AA. Synthesis, characterization, DNA binding, topoisomerase inhibition, and apoptosis induction studies of a novel cobalt(III) complex with a thiosemicarbazone ligand. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 203:110907. [PMID: 31715377 PMCID: PMC7053658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, 9-anthraldehyde-N(4)-methylthiosemicarbazone (MeATSC) 1 and [Co(phen)2(O2CO)]Cl·6H2O 2 (where phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) were synthesized. [Co(phen)2(O2CO)]Cl·6H2O 2 was used to produce anhydrous [Co(phen)2(H2O)2](NO3)33. Subsequently, anhydrous [Co(phen)2(H2O)2](NO3)33 was reacted with MeATSC 1 to produce [Co(phen)2(MeATSC)](NO3)3·1.5H2O·C2H5OH 4. The ligand, MeATSC 1 and all complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, FT IR, UV-visible, and multinuclear NMR (1H, 13C, and 59Co) spectroscopy, along with HRMS, and conductivity measurements, where appropriate. Interactions of MeATSC 1 and complex 4 with calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) were investigated by carrying out UV-visible spectrophotometric studies. UV-visible spectrophotometric studies revealed weak interactions between ctDNA and the analytes, MeATSC 1 and complex 4 (Kb = 8.1 × 105 and 1.6 × 104 M-1, respectively). Topoisomerase inhibition assays and cleavage studies proved that complex 4 was an efficient catalytic inhibitor of human topoisomerases I and IIα. Based upon the results obtained from the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay on 4T1-luc metastatic mammary breast cancer cells (IC50 = 34.4 ± 5.2 μM when compared to IC50 = 13.75 ± 1.08 μM for the control, cisplatin), further investigations into the molecular events initiated by exposure to complex 4 were investigated. Studies have shown that complex 4 activated both the apoptotic and autophagic signaling pathways in addition to causing dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Furthermore, activation of cysteine-aspartic proteases3 (caspase 3) in a time- and concentration-dependent manner coupled with the ΔΨm, studies implicated the intrinsic apoptotic pathway as the major regulator of cell death mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Beebe
- The Frank Reidy Center for Bioelectrics, 4211 Monarch Way, Suite 300, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Michael J Celestine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Jimmie L Bullock
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Shayna Sandhaus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St., Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Jessa Faye Arca
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
| | - Donald M Cropek
- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign, IL 61822, USA
| | - Tekettay A Ludvig
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Sydney R Foster
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Jasmine S Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Floyd A Beckford
- The University of Virginia's College at Wise, 1 College Avenue, Wise, VA 24293, USA
| | - Criszcele M Tano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Tonsel-White
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Raj K Gurung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Courtney E Stankavich
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Yuk-Ching Tse-Dinh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St., Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - William L Jarrett
- School of Polymers and High-Performance Materials, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, #5050, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
| | - Alvin A Holder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
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Kuznetsov AV, Javadov S, Grimm M, Margreiter R, Ausserlechner MJ, Hagenbuchner J. Crosstalk between Mitochondria and Cytoskeleton in Cardiac Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010222. [PMID: 31963121 PMCID: PMC7017221 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidation of the mitochondrial regulatory mechanisms for the understanding of muscle bioenergetics and the role of mitochondria is a fundamental problem in cellular physiology and pathophysiology. The cytoskeleton (microtubules, intermediate filaments, microfilaments) plays a central role in the maintenance of mitochondrial shape, location, and motility. In addition, numerous interactions between cytoskeletal proteins and mitochondria can actively participate in the regulation of mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation. In cardiac and skeletal muscles, mitochondrial positions are tightly fixed, providing their regular arrangement and numerous interactions with other cellular structures such as sarcoplasmic reticulum and cytoskeleton. This can involve association of cytoskeletal proteins with voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), thereby, governing the permeability of the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) to metabolites, and regulating cell energy metabolism. Cardiomyocytes and myocardial fibers demonstrate regular arrangement of tubulin beta-II isoform entirely co-localized with mitochondria, in contrast to other isoforms of tubulin. This observation suggests the participation of tubulin beta-II in the regulation of OMM permeability through interaction with VDAC. The OMM permeability is also regulated by the specific isoform of cytolinker protein plectin. This review summarizes and discusses previous studies on the role of cytoskeletal proteins in the regulation of energy metabolism and mitochondrial function, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, and energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V. Kuznetsov
- Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
- Department of Paediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
- Correspondence: (A.V.K.); (J.H.); Tel.: +43-512-504-27815 (A.V.K.); +43-512-504-81578 (J.H.)
| | - Sabzali Javadov
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, USA;
| | - Michael Grimm
- Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Raimund Margreiter
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | | | - Judith Hagenbuchner
- Department of Paediatrics II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Correspondence: (A.V.K.); (J.H.); Tel.: +43-512-504-27815 (A.V.K.); +43-512-504-81578 (J.H.)
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Wang Y, Lu JH, Wu QN, Jin Y, Wang DS, Chen YX, Liu J, Luo XJ, Meng Q, Pu HY, Wang YN, Hu PS, Liu ZX, Zeng ZL, Zhao Q, Deng R, Zhu XF, Ju HQ, Xu RH. LncRNA LINRIS stabilizes IGF2BP2 and promotes the aerobic glycolysis in colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:174. [PMID: 31791342 PMCID: PMC6886219 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-1105-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play nonnegligible roles in the epigenetic regulation of cancer cells. This study aimed to identify a specific lncRNA that promotes the colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and could be a potential therapeutic target. Methods We screened highly expressed lncRNAs in human CRC samples compared with their matched adjacent normal tissues. The proteins that interact with LINRIS (Long Intergenic Noncoding RNA for IGF2BP2 Stability) were confirmed by RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. The proliferation and metabolic alteration of CRC cells with LINRIS inhibited were tested in vitro and in vivo. Results LINRIS was upregulated in CRC tissues from patients with poor overall survival (OS), and LINRIS inhibition led to the impaired CRC cell line growth. Moreover, knockdown of LINRIS resulted in a decreased level of insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2), a newly found N6-methyladenosine (m6A) ‘reader’. LINRIS blocked K139 ubiquitination of IGF2BP2, maintaining its stability. This process prevented the degradation of IGF2BP2 through the autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP). Therefore, knockdown of LINRIS attenuated the downstream effects of IGF2BP2, especially MYC-mediated glycolysis in CRC cells. In addition, the transcription of LINRIS could be inhibited by GATA3 in CRC cells. In vivo experiments showed that the inhibition of LINRIS suppressed the proliferation of tumors in orthotopic models and in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Conclusion LINRIS is an independent prognostic biomarker for CRC. The LINRIS-IGF2BP2-MYC axis promotes the progression of CRC and is a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Huan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qi-Nian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - De-Shen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Xing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heng-Ying Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Shan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Lei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huai-Qiang Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. .,Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. .,Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
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Roche-Hakansson H, Vansarla G, Marks LR, Hakansson AP. The human milk protein-lipid complex HAMLET disrupts glycolysis and induces death in Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:19511-19522. [PMID: 31694917 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
HAMLET is a complex of human α-lactalbumin (ALA) and oleic acid and kills several Gram-positive bacteria by a mechanism that bears resemblance to apoptosis in eukaryotic cells. To identify HAMLET's bacterial targets, here we used Streptococcus pneumoniae as a model organism and employed a proteomic approach that identified several potential candidates. Two of these targets were the glycolytic enzymes fructose bisphosphate aldolase (FBPA) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). Treatment of pneumococci with HAMLET immediately inhibited their ATP and lactate production, suggesting that HAMLET inhibits glycolysis. This observation was supported by experiments with recombinant bacterial enzymes, along with biochemical and bacterial viability assays, indicating that HAMLET's activity is partially inhibited by high glucose-mediated stimulation of glycolysis but enhanced in the presence of the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose. Both HAMLET and ALA bound directly to each glycolytic enzyme in solution and solid-phase assays and effectively inhibited their enzymatic activities. In contrast, oleic acid alone had little to no inhibitory activity. However, ALA alone also exhibited no bactericidal activity and did not block glycolysis in whole cells, suggesting a role for the lipid moiety in the internalization of HAMLET into the bacterial cells to reach its target(s). This was verified by inhibition of enzyme activity in whole cells after HAMLET but not ALA exposure. The results of this study suggest that part of HAMLET's antibacterial activity relates to its ability to target and inhibit glycolytic enzymes, providing an example of a natural antimicrobial agent that specifically targets glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazeline Roche-Hakansson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Goutham Vansarla
- Division of Experimental Infection Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, SE-21428 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Laura R Marks
- Department of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Anders P Hakansson
- Division of Experimental Infection Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, SE-21428 Malmö, Sweden
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de Alteriis E, Cartenì F, Parascandola P, Serpa J, Mazzoleni S. Revisiting the Crabtree/Warburg effect in a dynamic perspective: a fitness advantage against sugar-induced cell death. Cell Cycle 2019; 17:688-701. [PMID: 29509056 PMCID: PMC5969562 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1442622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms behind the Warburg effect in mammalian cells, as well as for the similar Crabtree effect in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are still a matter of debate: why do cells shift from the energy-efficient respiration to the energy-inefficient fermentation at high sugar concentration? This review reports on the strong similarities of these phenomena in both cell types, discusses the current ideas, and provides a novel interpretation of their common functional mechanism in a dynamic perspective. This is achieved by analysing another phenomenon, the sugar-induced-cell-death (SICD) occurring in yeast at high sugar concentration, to highlight the link between ATP depletion and cell death. The integration between SICD and the dynamic functioning of the glycolytic process, suggests that the Crabtree/Warburg effect may be interpreted as the avoidance of ATP depletion in those conditions where glucose uptake is higher than the downstream processing capability of the second phase of glycolysis. It follows that the down-regulation of respiration is strategic for cell survival allowing the allocation of more resources to the fermentation pathway, thus maintaining the cell energetic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabrizio Cartenì
- b Lab Applied Ecology and System Dynamics, Dip. Agraria , Università di Napoli "Federico II" , Portici ( NA ), Italy
| | - Palma Parascandola
- c Dip. Ingegneria Industriale , Università di Salerno , Fisciano ( SA ), Italy
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- d Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas , Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Campo Mártires da Pátria 130 , Lisbon , Portugal.,e Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular do Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG) , Rua Prof Lima Basto 1099-023 , Lisbon , Portugal
| | - Stefano Mazzoleni
- b Lab Applied Ecology and System Dynamics, Dip. Agraria , Università di Napoli "Federico II" , Portici ( NA ), Italy
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Parashar K, Sood S, Mehaidli A, Curran C, Vegh C, Nguyen C, Pignanelli C, Wu J, Liang G, Wang Y, Pandey S. Evaluating the Anti-cancer Efficacy of a Synthetic Curcumin Analog on Human Melanoma Cells and Its Interaction with Standard Chemotherapeutics. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132483. [PMID: 31284561 PMCID: PMC6651075 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the leading cause of skin-cancer related deaths in North America. Metastatic melanoma is difficult to treat and chemotherapies have limited success. Furthermore, chemotherapies lead to toxic side effects due to nonselective targeting of normal cells. Curcumin is a natural product of Curcuma longa (turmeric) and has been shown to possess anti-cancer activity. However, due to its poor bioavailability and stability, natural curcumin is not an effective cancer treatment. We tested synthetic analogs of curcumin that are more stable. One of these derivatives, Compound A, has shown significant anti-cancer efficacy in colon, leukemia, and triple-negative inflammatory breast cancer cells. However, the effects of Compound A against melanoma cells have not been studied before. In this study, for the first time, we demonstrated the efficacy of Compound A for the selective induction of apoptosis in melanoma cells and its interaction with tamoxifen, taxol, and cisplatin. We found that Compound A induced apoptosis selectively in human melanoma cells by increasing oxidative stress. The anti-cancer activity of Compound A was enhanced when combined with tamoxifen and the combination treatment did not result in significant toxicity to noncancerous cells. Additionally, Compound A did not interact negatively with the anti-cancer activity of taxol and cisplatin. These results indicate that Compound A could be developed as a selective and effective melanoma treatment either alone or in combination with other non-toxic agents like tamoxifen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishan Parashar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Siddhartha Sood
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Ali Mehaidli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Colin Curran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Caleb Vegh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Christopher Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Christopher Pignanelli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Jianzhang Wu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Whenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Whenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Whenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Siyaram Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
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Contribution of Mitochondrial Ion Channels to Chemo-Resistance in Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060761. [PMID: 31159324 PMCID: PMC6627730 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial ion channels are emerging oncological targets, as modulation of these ion-transporting proteins may impact on mitochondrial membrane potential, efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen production. In turn, these factors affect the release of cytochrome c, which is the point of no return during mitochondrial apoptosis. Many of the currently used chemotherapeutics induce programmed cell death causing damage to DNA and subsequent activation of p53-dependent pathways that finally leads to cytochrome c release from the mitochondrial inter-membrane space. The view is emerging, as summarized in the present review, that ion channels located in this organelle may account in several cases for the resistance that cancer cells can develop against classical chemotherapeutics, by preventing drug-induced apoptosis. Thus, pharmacological modulation of these channel activities might be beneficial to fight chemo-resistance of different types of cancer cells.
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41
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Bramanti E, Onor M, Colombaioni L. Neurotoxicity Induced by Low Thallium Doses in Living Hippocampal Neurons: Evidence of Early Onset Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Correlation with Ethanol Production. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:451-459. [PMID: 30346713 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The heavy metal thallium is an emerging pollutant among the most potentially toxic species to which human populations are exposed. Its harmful effects on living organisms are well-known at high doses, typical of acute intoxication. Its harmful effects at low doses are by far less known. In a previous paper, we reported a TlCl-induced metabolic shift to lactate and ethanol production in living hippocampal HN9.10e neurons that appeared after a single short exposure (48 h) at low doses (1-100 μg/L). This metabolic shift to lactate and ethanol suggests a marked impairment of cell bioenergetics. In this work, we provide detailed evidence for TlCl-induced changes of neuronal morphology and mitochondrial activity. Confocal microscopy and fluorescent probes were used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze, at the subcellular level, living HN9.10e neurons during and after TlCl exposure. An early onset mitochondrial dysfunction appeared, associated with signs of cellular deregulation such as neurite shortening, loss of substrate adhesion, and increase of cytoplasmic calcium. The dose-dependent alteration of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) level and of transmembrane mitochondrial potential (ΔΨm) has been observed also for very low TlCl doses (1 μg/L). The treatment with the ATP synthase inhibitor oligomycin revealed a severe impairment of the mitochondrial function, more significant than that measured by the simple quantification of the tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRM) fluorescence. These results highlight that mitochondria are a key subcellular target of TlCl neurotoxicity. The transmembrane mitochondrial potential was significantly correlated with the ethanol concentration in cell culture medium ( P < 0.001, r = -0.817), suggesting that ethanol could be potentially used as a biomarker of mitochondrial impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Bramanti
- Institute of Chemsitry of Organo Metallic Compounds-ICCOM, National Research Council of Italy, C.N.R., Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Massimo Onor
- Institute of Chemsitry of Organo Metallic Compounds-ICCOM, National Research Council of Italy, C.N.R., Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Laura Colombaioni
- CNR Neuroscience
Institute, Area della Ricerca CNR, Pisa 56124, Italy
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Stevens JF, Revel JS, Maier CS. Mitochondria-Centric Review of Polyphenol Bioactivity in Cancer Models. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:1589-1611. [PMID: 29084444 PMCID: PMC6207154 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Humans are exposed daily to polyphenols in milligram-to-gram amounts through dietary consumption of fruits and vegetables. Polyphenols are also available as components of dietary supplements for improving general health. Although polyphenols are often advertised as antioxidants to explain health benefits, experimental evidence shows that their beneficial cancer preventing and controlling properties are more likely due to stimulation of pro-oxidant and proapoptotic pathways. Recent Advances: The understanding of the biological differences between cancer and normal cell, and especially the role that mitochondria play in carcinogenesis, has greatly advanced in recent years. These advances have resulted in a wealth of new information on polyphenol bioactivity in cell culture and animal models of cancer. Polyphenols appear to target oxidative phosphorylation and regulation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), glycolysis, pro-oxidant pathways, and antioxidant (adaptive) stress responses with greater selectivity in tumorigenic cells. CRITICAL ISSUES The ability of polyphenols to dissipate the MMP (Δψm) by a protonophore mechanism has been known for more than 50 years. However, researchers focus primarily on the downstream molecular effects of Δψm dissipation and mitochondrial uncoupling. We argue that the physicochemical properties of polyphenols are responsible for their anticancer properties by virtue of their protonophoric and pro-oxidant properties rather than their specific effects on downstream molecular targets. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Polyphenol-induced dissipation of Δψm is a physicochemical process that cancer cells cannot develop resistance against by gene mutation. Therefore, polyphenols should receive more attention as agents for cotherapy with cancer drugs to gain synergistic activity. Antioxid. Redox Signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F. Stevens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Johana S. Revel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Claudia S. Maier
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
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The variation of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (mtND4) and molecular dynamics simulation of SNPs among Iranian women with breast cancer. J Mol Graph Model 2018; 85:242-249. [PMID: 30227369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second cause of death among women all around the world. One out of every eight women is diagnosed with breast cancer in Iran. There are many reasons for cancer, one of which is the mutations in the mitochondrial genome observed in most breast cancer studies. However, the aim of this study is to evaluate the genetic region of NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 in patients with breast cancer. First, the genomic DNA was extracted from a tissue. The NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 coding region was amplified by PCR, and then the SSCP was sequenced. After that, the molecular dynamics were employed. The association between the mutations and the prognostic factors such as ER, PR, HER-2, and age were statistically examined. The sequence of the ND4 area was determined in 24 suspected patients, and 15 nucleotide changes were reported. The role of this variations was investigated by in-silico. The harmful mutations were predicted based on some servers. The molecular dynamics results showed that there is a significant relationship between the mutant protein and the changes in the structural conformation. Our results showed that the mutation in the ND4 area plays an important role in developing breast cancer. So, it can be concluded that the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase analysis may help to detect breast cancer in the early stages.
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Engvild KC. Cancer follows chromosome missegregation when all endogenous repair mechanisms fail. Med Hypotheses 2018; 120:121-123. [PMID: 30220330 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Almost all solid tumors consist of aneuploid cells with highly abnormal chromosome numbers. Such cancer cells could very well originate from chromosome missegregation which is a disturbingly common phenomenon, happening in 0.01 to 4 percent of cell divisions. Missegregated cells are aneuploid, typically lacking a chromosome or having one in surplus. Missegregated cells have mutation in the gene dose of the perhaps a thousand genes on a chromosome in one step. After missegregation cell division cannot be done right, as at least one daughter cell has a faulty chromosome number. At division in cells with surplus chromosomes the number will tend to increase due to mismatch in the division machinery. The organism has a number of repair mechanisms in place to prevent potential damage of accumulating aneuploidy. The first is the roll-back of the cell division itself, leading to tetraploidy or sometimes two nuclei in one cell; another is the prevention of further divisions. A very important one is induction of apoptosis, the cellular suicide. A special case is the elimination of the nucleus itself in the formation of red blood cells. Many aneuploid cells are probably eliminated by the immune system. A hypothetical mechanism would be the prevention of metastasis. Missegregation increases with age when the chromosomes lose their protective telomere ends at the Hayflick limit after about 50 divisions, and the unraveled chromosomes fuse and break. For cancer to develop all of these repair mechanisms must fail. The hypothesis offers a straightforward rationale for the multiple hit hypothesis of cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjeld C Engvild
- Eco Center, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde, Denmark.
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45
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Kuznetsov MB, Kolobov AV. Transient alleviation of tumor hypoxia during first days of antiangiogenic therapy as a result of therapy-induced alterations in nutrient supply and tumor metabolism - Analysis by mathematical modeling. J Theor Biol 2018; 451:86-100. [PMID: 29705492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A number of experiments on mouse tumor models, as well as certain clinical data, have demonstrated, that antiangiogenic therapy can lead to transient improvement in tumor oxygenation, that allows to increase efficiency of following radiotherapy. In the majority of works, this phenomenon has been explained by enhanced tumor perfusion due to normalization of capillaries' structure, that results in elevated oxygen inflow in tumor. However, changes in tumor perfusion often haven't been directly measured in relevant works, moreover, antiangiogenic therapy has been proven to have ambiguous effect on tumor perfusion both in mouse tumor models and in clinics. Herein, we suggest that elevation of blood perfusion may be not the only reason for transient alleviation of tumor hypoxia, and that it may manifest itself even under unchanged tumor blood flow. We propose that it may be as well caused by the decrease in tumor oxygen consumption rate (OCR) due to the reduction of tumor proliferation level, caused by nutrient shortage in result of antiangiogenic treatment. We provide detailed explanation of this hypothesis and visualize it using a specially developed mathematical model, which takes into account basic features of tumor growth and antiangiogenic therapy. We investigate the influence of the model parameters on oxygen dynamics; demonstrate, that transient alleviation of tumor hypoxia occurs in a fairly wide range of physiologically justified values of parameters; and point out the major factors, that determine oxygen dynamics during antiangiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim B Kuznetsov
- Division of Theoretical Physics, P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskii Prospekt, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Andrey V Kolobov
- Division of Theoretical Physics, P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskii Prospekt, Moscow 119991, Russia; Working group on modeling of blood flow and vascular pathologies, Institute of Numerical Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Gubkin str., Moscow 119333, Russia
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46
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de Bari L, Atlante A. Including the mitochondrial metabolism of L-lactate in cancer metabolic reprogramming. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2763-2776. [PMID: 29728715 PMCID: PMC11105303 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2831-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glucose avidity, high glycolysis and L-lactate production, regardless of oxygen availability, are the main traits of cancer metabolic reprogramming. The idea that mitochondria are dysfunctional in cancer, thus causing a glycolysis increase for ATP production and L-lactate accumulation as a dead-end product of glucose catabolism, has oriented cancer research for many years. However, it was shown that mitochondrial metabolism is essential for cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis and that L-lactate is a fundamental energy substrate with tumor growth-promoting and signaling capabilities. Nevertheless, the known ability of mitochondria to take up and oxidize L-lactate has remained ignored by cancer research. Beginning with a brief overview of the metabolic changes occurring in cancer, we review the present knowledge of L-lactate formation, transport, and intracellular oxidation and underline the possible role of L-lactate metabolism as energetic, signaling and anabolic support for cancer cell proliferation. These unexplored aspects of cancer biochemistry might be exploited for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia de Bari
- Istituto di Biomembrane, Bioenergetica e Biotecnologie Molecolari (IBIOM)-CNR, Via G. Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy.
| | - Anna Atlante
- Istituto di Biomembrane, Bioenergetica e Biotecnologie Molecolari (IBIOM)-CNR, Via G. Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
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Abstract
This review systematically examines the evidence for shifts in flux through energy generating biochemical pathways in Huntington’s disease (HD) brains from humans and model systems. Compromise of the electron transport chain (ETC) appears not to be the primary or earliest metabolic change in HD pathogenesis. Rather, compromise of glucose uptake facilitates glucose flux through glycolysis and may possibly decrease flux through the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), limiting subsequent NADPH and GSH production needed for antioxidant protection. As a result, oxidative damage to key glycolytic and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes further restricts energy production so that while basal needs may be met through oxidative phosphorylation, those of excessive stimulation cannot. Energy production may also be compromised by deficits in mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics or trafficking. Restrictions on energy production may be compensated for by glutamate oxidation and/or stimulation of fatty acid oxidation. Transcriptional dysregulation generated by mutant huntingtin also contributes to energetic disruption at specific enzymatic steps. Many of the alterations in metabolic substrates and enzymes may derive from normal regulatory feedback mechanisms and appear oscillatory. Fine temporal sequencing of the shifts in metabolic flux and transcriptional and expression changes associated with mutant huntingtin expression remain largely unexplored and may be model dependent. Differences in disease progression among HD model systems at the time of experimentation and their varying states of metabolic compensation may explain conflicting reports in the literature. Progressive shifts in metabolic flux represent homeostatic compensatory mechanisms that maintain the model organism through presymptomatic and symptomatic stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet M Dubinsky
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Sinkala M, Mulder N, Martin DP. Integrative landscape of dysregulated signaling pathways of clinically distinct pancreatic cancer subtypes. Oncotarget 2018; 9:29123-29139. [PMID: 30018740 PMCID: PMC6044387 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite modern therapeutic advances, the survival prospects of pancreatic cancer patients have remained poor. Besides being highly metastatic, pancreatic cancer is challenging to treat because it is caused by a heterogeneous array of somatic mutations that impact a variety of signaling pathways and cellular regulatory systems. Here we use publicly available transcriptomic, copy number alteration and mutation profiling datasets from pancreatic cancer patients together with data on disease outcomes to show that the three major pancreatic cancer subtypes each display distinctive aberrations in cell signaling and metabolic pathways. Importantly, patients afflicted with these different pancreatic cancer subtypes also exhibit distinctive survival profiles. Within these patients, we find that dysregulation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, and p53 mediated disruptions of cell cycle processes are apparently drivers of disease. Further, we identify for the first time the molecular perturbations of signalling networks that are likely the primary causes of oncogenesis in each of the three pancreatic cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musalula Sinkala
- University of Cape Town, School of Health Sciences, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Computational Biology Division, Observatory, 7925, South Africa
| | - Nicola Mulder
- University of Cape Town, School of Health Sciences, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Computational Biology Division, Observatory, 7925, South Africa
| | - Darren Patrick Martin
- University of Cape Town, School of Health Sciences, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Computational Biology Division, Observatory, 7925, South Africa
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Metabolic Regulation in Mitochondria and Drug Resistance. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1038:149-171. [PMID: 29178075 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6674-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are generally considered as a powerhouse in a cell where the majority of the cellular ATP and metabolite productions occur. Metabolic rewiring and reprogramming may be initiated and regulated by mitochondrial enzymes. The hypothesis that cellular metabolic rewiring and reprogramming processes may occur as cellular microenvironment is disturbed, resulting in alteration of cell phenotype, such as cancer cells resistant to therapeutics seems to be now acceptable. Cancer metabolic reprogramming regulated by mitochondrial enzymes is now one of the hallmarks of cancer. This chapter provides an overview of cancer metabolism and summarizes progress made in mitochondria-mediated metabolic regulation in cancer drug resistance.
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50
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Arif T, Krelin Y, Nakdimon I, Benharroch D, Paul A, Dadon-Klein D, Shoshan-Barmatz V. VDAC1 is a molecular target in glioblastoma, with its depletion leading to reprogrammed metabolism and reversed oncogenic properties. Neuro Oncol 2018; 19:951-964. [PMID: 28339833 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM), an aggressive brain tumor with frequent relapses and a high mortality, still awaits an effective treatment. Like many cancers, GBM cells acquire oncogenic properties, including metabolic reprogramming, vital for growth. As such, tumor metabolism is an emerging avenue for cancer therapy. One relevant target is the voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), a mitochondrial protein controlling cell energy and metabolic homeostasis. Methods We used VDAC1-specific short interfering (si)RNA (si-VDAC1) to treat GBM cell lines and subcutaneous or intracranial-orthotopic GBM xenograft mouse models. Tumors were monitored using MRI, immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time PCR, transcription factor expression, and DNA microarray analyses. Results Silencing VDAC1 expression using si-VDAC1 in 9 glioblastoma-related cell lines, including patient-derived cells, led to marked decreases in VDAC1 levels and cell growth. Using si-VDAC1 in subcutaneous or intracranial-orthotopic GBM models inhibited tumor growth and reversed oncogenic properties, such as reprogrammed metabolism, stemness, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and invasiveness. In cells in culture, si-VDAC1 inhibits cancer neurosphere formation and, in tumors, targeted cancer stem cells, leading to their differentiation into neuronal-like cells. These VDAC1 depletion-mediated effects involved alterations in transcription factors regulating signaling pathways associated with cancer hallmarks. Conclusion VDAC1 offers a target for GBM treatment, allowing for attacks on the interplay between metabolism and oncogenic signaling networks, leading to tumor cell differentiation into neuron- and astrocyte-like cells. Simultaneously attacking all of these processes, VDAC1 depletion overcame GBM heterogeneity and can replace several anticancer drugs that separately target angiogenesis, proliferation, or metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasleem Arif
- Department of Life Sciences, and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva, Israel; Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Centre, and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yakov Krelin
- Department of Life Sciences, and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva, Israel; Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Centre, and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Itay Nakdimon
- Department of Life Sciences, and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva, Israel; Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Centre, and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Daniel Benharroch
- Department of Life Sciences, and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva, Israel; Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Centre, and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Avijit Paul
- Department of Life Sciences, and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva, Israel; Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Centre, and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Daniela Dadon-Klein
- Department of Life Sciences, and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva, Israel; Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Centre, and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Varda Shoshan-Barmatz
- Department of Life Sciences, and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva, Israel; Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Centre, and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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