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Zhou EJ, Lang XL, Yang MJ, Sun HY, Hao MY, Jin J, Wang BL, Li AJ, Wang XJ. Modeling and biological evaluation of pegmolesatide, a novel and potent erythropoiesis-stimulating agent. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38860546 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2024.2362376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Pegmolesatide, a synthetic, polyethylene-glycolylated, peptide-based erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA), has been recently approved in China. Pegmolesatide is derived from the structure of endogenous erythropoietin (EPO), a natural product in mammals. This study compared the in vitro effects and selectivity of pegmolesatide to those of recombinant EPO and carbamylated EPO (CEPO) through computer-aided analyses and biological tests. The findings indicate that pegmolesatide exhibited the same stimulating effect on erythropoiesis as EPO with fewer side effects than EPO and CEPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Jia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xu-Li Lang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Min-Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Han-Yu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Meng-Yao Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bao-Lian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ai-Jun Li
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (South Campus), Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
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Manoj KM. Murburn posttranslational modifications of proteins: Cellular redox processes and murzyme-mediated metabolo-proteomics. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e30954. [PMID: 36716112 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Murburn concept constitutes the thesis that diffusible reactive species or DRS are obligatorily involved in routine metabolic and physiological activities. Murzymes are defined as biomolecules/proteins that generate/modulate/sustain/utilize DRS. Murburn posttranslational modifications (PTMs) result because murburn/murzyme functionalism is integral to cellular existence. Cells must incorporate the inherently stochastic nature of operations mediated by DRS. Due to the earlier/inertial stigmatic perception that DRS are mere agents of chaos, several such outcomes were either understood as deterministic modulations sponsored by house-keeping enzymes or deemed as unregulated nonenzymatic events resulting out of "oxidative stress". In the current review, I dispel the myths around DRS-functions, and undertake systematic parsing and analyses of murburn modifications of proteins. Although it is impossible to demarcate all PTMs into the classical or murburn modalities, telltale signs of the latter are evident from the relative inaccessibility of the locus, non-specificities and mechanistic details. It is pointed out that while many murburn PTMs may be harmless, some others could have deleterious or beneficial physiological implications. Some details of reversible/irreversible modifications of amino acid residues and cofactors that may be subjected to phosphorylation, halogenation, glycosylation, alkylation/acetylation, hydroxylation/oxidation, etc. are listed, along with citations of select proteins where such modifications have been reported. The contexts of these modifications and their significance in (patho)physiology/aging and therapy are also presented. With more balanced explorations and statistically verified data, a definitive understanding of normal versus pathological contexts of murburn modifications would be obtainable in the future.
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Guo N, Zhou H, Zhang Q, Fu Y, Jia Q, Gan X, Wang Y, He S, Li C, Tao Z, Liu J, Jia E. Exploration and bioinformatic prediction for profile of mRNA bound to circular RNA BTBD7_hsa_circ_0000563 in coronary artery disease. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:71. [PMID: 38267845 PMCID: PMC10809658 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03711-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a novel circRNA, BTBD7_hsa_circ_0000563 has not been fully investigated in coronary artery disease (CAD). Our aim is to reveal the possible functional role and regulatory pathway of BTBD7_hsa_circ_0000563 in CAD via exploring genes combined with BTBD7_hsa_circ_0000563. METHODS A total of 45 peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples of CAD patients were enrolled. The ChIRP-RNAseq assay was performed to directly explore genes bound to BTBD7_hsa_circ_0000563. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were conducted to reveal possible functions of these genes. The interaction network was constructed by the STRING database and the Cytoscape software. The Cytoscape software were used again to identify clusters and hub genes of genes bound to BTBD7_hsa_circ_0000563. The target miRNAs of hub genes were predicted via online databases. RESULTS In this study, a total of 221 mRNAs directly bound to BTBD7_hsa_circ_0000563 were identified in PBMCs of CAD patients via ChIRP-RNAseq. The functional enrichment analysis revealed that these mRNAs may participate in translation and necroptosis. Moreover, the interaction network showed that there may be a close relationship between these mRNAs. Eight clusters can be further subdivided from the interaction network. RPS3 and RPSA were identified as hub genes and hsa-miR-493-5p was predicted to be the target miRNA of RPS3. CONCLUSIONS BTBD7_hsa_circ_0000563 and mRNAs directly bound to it may influence the initiation and progression of CAD, among which RPS3 and RPSA may be hub genes. These findings may provide innovative ideas for further research on CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Guo
- Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, 215101, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hanxiao Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yahong Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiaowei Jia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiongkang Gan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yanjun Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shu He
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chengcheng Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhengxian Tao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Jurong City People's Hospital, Ersheng Road 66, Jurong, 212400, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Enzhi Jia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Kalim S, Zhao S, Tang M, Rhee EP, Allegretti AS, Nigwekar S, Karumanchi SA, Lash JP, Berg AH. Protein Carbamylation and the Risk of ESKD in Patients with CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 34:876-885. [PMID: 36757153 PMCID: PMC10125635 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Protein carbamylation, a nonenzymatic post-translational protein modification partially driven by elevated blood urea levels, associates with mortality and adverse outcomes in patients with ESKD on dialysis. However, little is known about carbamylation's relationship to clinical outcomes in the much larger population of patients with earlier stages of CKD. In this prospective observational cohort study of 3111 individuals with CKD stages 2-4, higher levels of carbamylated albumin (a marker of protein carbamylation burden) were associated with a greater risk of developing ESKD and other significant adverse clinical outcomes. These findings indicate that protein carbamylation is an independent risk factor for CKD progression. They suggest that further study of therapeutic interventions to prevent or reduce carbamylation is warranted. BACKGROUND Protein carbamylation, a post-translational protein modification partially driven by elevated blood urea levels, associates with adverse outcomes in ESKD. However, little is known about protein carbamylation's relationship to clinical outcomes in the much larger population of patients with earlier stages of CKD. METHODS To test associations between protein carbamylation and the primary outcome of progression to ESKD, we measured baseline serum carbamylated albumin (C-Alb) in 3111 patients with CKD stages 2-4 enrolled in the prospective observational Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study. RESULTS The mean age of study participants was 59 years (SD 10.8); 1358 (43.7%) were female, and 1334 (42.9%) were White. The mean eGFR at the time of C-Alb assessment was 41.8 (16.4) ml/minute per 1.73 m 2 , and the median C-Alb value was 7.8 mmol/mol (interquartile range, 5.8-10.7). During an average of 7.9 (4.1) years of follow-up, 981 (31.5%) individuals developed ESKD. In multivariable adjusted Cox models, higher C-Alb (continuous or quartiles) independently associated with an increased risk of ESKD. For example, compared with quartile 1 (C-Alb ≤5.80 mmol/mol), those in quartile 4 (C-Alb >10.71 mmol/mol) had a greater risk for ESKD (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.75 to 2.99), and the ESKD incidence rate per 1000 patient-years increased from 15.7 to 88.5 from quartile 1 to quartile 4. The results remained significant across numerous subgroup analyses, when treating death as a competing event, and using different assessments of eGFR. CONCLUSIONS Having a higher level of protein carbamylation as measured by circulating C-Alb is an independent risk factor for ESKD in individuals with CKD stages 2-4. PODCAST This article contains a podcast at https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/JASN/2023_04_24_JSN_URE_EP22_042423.mp3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahir Kalim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sophia Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Analytica Now, Brookline, Massachusetts
| | - Mengyao Tang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eugene P. Rhee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew S. Allegretti
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sagar Nigwekar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - James P. Lash
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Anders H. Berg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
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Tang M, Berg A, Rhee EP, Allegretti AS, Nigwekar S, Karumanchi SA, Lash JP, Kalim S. The Impact of Carbamylation and Anemia on HbA1c's Association With Renal Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:130-137. [PMID: 36399777 PMCID: PMC9797644 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-1399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) can predict risk for microvascular complications in patients with diabetes. However, HbA1c's reliability in chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been questioned, with concerns including competition from another posttranslational protein modification, carbamylation, acting on the same amino groups as glycation, and anemia with reduced erythrocyte lifespans leading to altered glycation accumulation. We investigated whether carbamylation and anemia modify the impact of HbA1c on renal outcomes in patients with diabetes and CKD. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In 1,516 participants from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study with diabetes and CKD, Cox regression models were applied to evaluate the association between HbA1c and CKD progression (composite of end-stage kidney disease or 50% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]), stratified by carbamylated albumin (C-Alb) quartiles and anemia. RESULTS The mean eGFR was 38.1 mL/min/1.73 m2, mean HbA1c was 7.5% (58 mmol/mol), and median C-Alb was 8.4 mmol/mol. HbA1c was lower in the higher C-Alb quartiles. During a median follow-up of 6.9 years, 763 participants experienced CKD progression. Overall, higher HbA1c was associated with an increased risk of CKD progression (adjusted hazard ratio 1.07 [95% CI 1.02-1.13]). However, using stratified analyses, HbA1c was no longer associated with CKD progression in the highest C-Alb quartile, but did show a monotonic increase in CKD progression risk across each lower C-Alb quartile (P-interaction = 0.022). Anemia also modified the association between HbA1c and CKD progression (P-interaction = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS In patients with coexisting diabetes and CKD, the association between HbA1c and CKD progression is modified by carbamylation and anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Tang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Anders Berg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Eugene P. Rhee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Andrew S. Allegretti
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sagar Nigwekar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - James P. Lash
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Sahir Kalim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Wu Z, Jankowski J. Impact of post-translational modification on the genesis and progression of diseases. Mol Aspects Med 2022; 86:101105. [PMID: 35841838 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuojun Wu
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Experimental Vascular Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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