1
|
Timpane-Padgham BL, Beechie T, Klinger T. A systematic review of ecological attributes that confer resilience to climate change in environmental restoration. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173812. [PMID: 28301560 PMCID: PMC5354378 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecological restoration is widely practiced as a means of rehabilitating ecosystems and habitats that have been degraded or impaired through human use or other causes. Restoration practices now are confronted by climate change, which has the potential to influence long-term restoration outcomes. Concepts and attributes from the resilience literature can help improve restoration and monitoring efforts under changing climate conditions. We systematically examined the published literature on ecological resilience to identify biological, chemical, and physical attributes that confer resilience to climate change. We identified 45 attributes explicitly related to climate change and classified them as individual- (9), population- (6), community- (7), ecosystem- (7), or process-level attributes (16). Individual studies defined resilience as resistance to change or recovery from disturbance, and only a few studies explicitly included both concepts in their definition of resilience. We found that individual and population attributes generally are suited to species- or habitat-specific restoration actions and applicable at the population scale. Community attributes are better suited to habitat-specific restoration at the site scale, or system-wide restoration at the ecosystem scale. Ecosystem and process attributes vary considerably in their type and applicability. We summarize these relationships in a decision support table and provide three example applications to illustrate how these classifications can be used to prioritize climate change resilience attributes for specific restoration actions. We suggest that (1) including resilience as an explicit planning objective could increase the success of restoration projects, (2) considering the ecological context and focal scale of a restoration action is essential in choosing appropriate resilience attributes, and (3) certain ecological attributes, such as diversity and connectivity, are more commonly considered to confer resilience because they apply to a wide variety of species and ecosystems. We propose that identifying sources of ecological resilience is a critical step in restoring ecosystems in a changing climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Britta L. Timpane-Padgham
- School for Marine and Environmental Affairs, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Ocean Associates Inc., under contract to Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Services, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Tim Beechie
- Fish Ecology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Terrie Klinger
- School for Marine and Environmental Affairs, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Madin JS, Anderson KD, Andreasen MH, Bridge TC, Cairns SD, Connolly SR, Darling ES, Diaz M, Falster DS, Franklin EC, Gates RD, Hoogenboom MO, Huang D, Keith SA, Kosnik MA, Kuo CY, Lough JM, Lovelock CE, Luiz O, Martinelli J, Mizerek T, Pandolfi JM, Pochon X, Pratchett MS, Putnam HM, Roberts TE, Stat M, Wallace CC, Widman E, Baird AH. The Coral Trait Database, a curated database of trait information for coral species from the global oceans. Sci Data 2016; 3:160017. [PMID: 27023900 PMCID: PMC4810887 DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2016.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Trait-based approaches advance ecological and evolutionary research because traits provide a strong link to an organism's function and fitness. Trait-based research might lead to a deeper understanding of the functions of, and services provided by, ecosystems, thereby improving management, which is vital in the current era of rapid environmental change. Coral reef scientists have long collected trait data for corals; however, these are difficult to access and often under-utilized in addressing large-scale questions. We present the Coral Trait Database initiative that aims to bring together physiological, morphological, ecological, phylogenetic and biogeographic trait information into a single repository. The database houses species- and individual-level data from published field and experimental studies alongside contextual data that provide important framing for analyses. In this data descriptor, we release data for 56 traits for 1547 species, and present a collaborative platform on which other trait data are being actively federated. Our overall goal is for the Coral Trait Database to become an open-source, community-led data clearinghouse that accelerates coral reef research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S. Madin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Kristen D. Anderson
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia
| | - Magnus Heide Andreasen
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution & Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Tom C.L. Bridge
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB #3, Townsville MC, Townsville 4810, Australia
| | - Stephen D. Cairns
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian, Washington, District Of Columbia 20013, USA
| | - Sean R. Connolly
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia
| | - Emily S. Darling
- Marine Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, New York 10460, USA
| | - Marcela Diaz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Daniel S. Falster
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Erik C. Franklin
- University of Hawaii, Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, Kaneohe, Hawaii 96744, USA
| | - Ruth D. Gates
- University of Hawaii, Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, Kaneohe, Hawaii 96744, USA
| | - Mia O. Hoogenboom
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia
| | - Danwei Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Sally A. Keith
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution & Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Matthew A. Kosnik
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Chao-Yang Kuo
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia
| | - Janice M. Lough
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB #3, Townsville MC, Townsville 4810, Australia
| | - Catherine E. Lovelock
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Osmar Luiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Julieta Martinelli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Toni Mizerek
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - John M. Pandolfi
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Xavier Pochon
- Environmental Technologies, Coastal & Freshwater Group, The Cawthron Institute, Nelson 7010, New Zealand
- Institute of Marine Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Morgan S. Pratchett
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia
| | - Hollie M. Putnam
- University of Hawaii, Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, Kaneohe, Hawaii 96744, USA
| | - T. Edward Roberts
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia
| | - Michael Stat
- Trace and Environmental DNA Laboratory, Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Carden C. Wallace
- Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Queensland Museum Network, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Widman
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Andrew H. Baird
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Browne NK. Spatial and temporal variations in coral growth on an inshore turbid reef subjected to multiple disturbances. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2012; 77:71-83. [PMID: 22391236 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2012.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 01/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Coral growth rates (linear extension, density, calcification rates) of three fast-growing corals (Acropora, Montipora, Turbinaria) were studied in situ on Middle Reef, an inshore reef located on the central Great Barrier Reef (GBR), to assess the influence of changing environmental conditions on coral condition and reef growth. Middle Reef is subjected to both local (e.g. high sediment loads) and global (e.g. coral bleaching) disturbance events, usually associated with reduced coral growth. Results indicated, however, that Acropora growth rates (mean linear extension = 6.3 cm/year) were comparable to those measured at similar depths on offshore reefs on the GBR. Montipora linear extension (2.9 cm/year) was greater than estimates available from both clear-water and turbid reefs, and Turbinaria's dense skeleton (1.3 g/cm(3)) may be more resilient to physical damage as ocean pH falls. Coral growth was found to vary between reef habitats due to spatial differences in water motion and sediment dynamics, and temporally with lower calcification rates during the summer months when SSTs (monthly average 29 °C) and rainfall (monthly total >500 mm) were high. In summary, corals on Middle Reef are robust and resilient to their marginal environmental conditions, but are susceptible to anthropogenic disturbances during the summer months.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N K Browne
- AIMS@JCU, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Williams GJ, Knapp IS, Maragos JE, Davy SK. Modeling patterns of coral bleaching at a remote Central Pacific atoll. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2010; 60:1467-76. [PMID: 20541228 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 05/14/2010] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A mild bleaching event (9.2% prevalence) at Palmyra Atoll occurred in response to the 2009 ENSO, when mean water temperature reached 29.8-30.1 degrees C. Prevalence among both abundant and sparse taxa varied with no clear pattern in susceptibility relating to coral morphology. Seven taxon-specific models showed that turbidity exacerbated while prior exposure to higher background temperatures alleviated bleaching, with these predictors explaining an average 16.3% and 11.5% variation in prevalence patterns, respectively. Positive associations occurred between bleaching prevalence and both immediate temperature during the bleaching event (average 8.4% variation explained) and increased sand cover (average 3.7%). Despite these associations, mean unexplained variation in prevalence equalled 59%. Lower bleaching prevalence in areas experiencing higher background temperatures suggests acclimation to temperature stress among several coral genera, while WWII modifications may still be impacting the reefs via shoreline sediment re-distribution and increased turbidity, exacerbating coral bleaching susceptibility during periods of high temperature stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gareth J Williams
- School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Marine Environmental and Economic Research, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|