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Ma L, Yang S. Growth and physiological response of Kandelia obovata and Bruguiera sexangula seedlings to aluminum stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:43251-43266. [PMID: 35091926 PMCID: PMC9148292 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17926-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The role of mangroves as a biogeochemical buffer for heavy metal pollutants in coastal wetlands has been demonstrated, but knowledge gaps still exist on the tolerant capacity of mangroves to aluminum (Al). This study assessed the growth and physiological response of viviparous mangroves Kandelia obovata and Bruguiera sexangula to Al stress. The two mangrove seedlings were treated with AlCl3 at concentrations of 0 (as control) to 100 mmol L-1, and the impact of Al on their growth and antioxidant parameters were determined. Additionally, the accumulation and translocation of metal elements were estimated in B. sexangula seedlings under relative long-term Al stress. K. obovata appeared to survive with a tolerance potential of 10 mmol L-1 AlCl3, whereas B. sexangula had a higher tolerant ability of 50 mmol L-1 AlCl3. Both root elongation and seedling growth were inhibited by Al stress. The exposure to 25-100 mmol L-1 AlCl3 induced increases in membrane lipid peroxidation and osmoprotectant molecule (proline) in mangrove seedlings. Both mangrove seedlings revealed significant changes in antioxidant enzyme activities that were attributed to Al stress-induced oxidative damages. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and/or ascorbate peroxidase were differently impacted by the treatment time (7 days for short term versus 60 days for long term) and AlCl3 concentrations in K. obovata and B. sexangula seedlings. For B. sexangula seedlings, Al accumulation was in an order root > leaf > stem, whereas the translocation of metal elements in the aboveground tissues (leaf and stem) was differently impacted by Al stress. In conclusion, this study provides insights into different Al-tolerant abilities operated in two mangrove species that are widespread in coastal wetlands of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chengde Petroleum College, Chengde, China
| | - Shengchang Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Cold Wave-Induced Reductions in NDII and ChlRE for North-Western Pacific Mangroves Varies with Latitude and Climate History. REMOTE SENSING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/rs13142732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Mangrove forests growing at the poleward edges of their geographic distribution are occasionally subject to freezing (<0 °C) and cold wave (>0 °C) events. Cold wave effects on mangrove trees are well documented and adaptation to cold stress has been reported for local mangrove populations in the North Atlantic. However, there is less understanding of effects of cold waves on mangroves in the northern Pacific, especially at the regional scale. Moreover, it is unclear if cold tolerant mangrove species of North Asia display variation in resistance to cold temperatures across their geographic distribution. Using a cold wave event that occurred in January 2021, we evaluated the effects of low temperatures on vegetation index (VI) change (relative to a recent five-year baseline) for mangrove forests dominated by Kandelia obovata (Rhizophoraceae) and Avicennia marina (Acanthaceaee) at the northern edge of their geographical range. We used two VIs derived from Sentinel-2 imagery as indicators for canopy health: the normalized difference infrared index (NDII) and the chlorophyll red-edge index (ChlRE), which reflect forest canopy water content and chlorophyll concentration, respectively. We isolated the cold wave effects on the forest canopy from phenology (i.e., cold wave induced deviation from a five-year baseline) and used multiple linear regression to identify significant climatic predictors for the response of mangrove forest canopy VI change to low temperatures. For areas where the cold wave resulted in temperatures <10 °C, immediate decreases in both VIs were observed, and the VI difference relative to the baseline was generally greater at 30-days after the cold wave than when temperatures initially recovered to baseline values, showing a slight delay in VI response to cold wave-induced canopy damage. Furthermore, the two VIs did not respond consistently suggesting that cold-temperature induced changes in mangrove canopy chlorophyll and water content are affected independently or subject to differing physiological controls. Our results confirm that local baseline (i.e., recent past) climate predicts canopy resistance to cold wave damage across K. obovata stands in the northern Pacific, and in congruence with findings from New World mangroves, they imply geographic variation in mangrove leaf physiological resistance to cold for Northern Pacific mangroves.
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Abstract
Nitrogen (N) cycling in mangroves is complex, with rapid turnover of low dissolved N concentrations, but slow turnover of particulate N. Most N is stored in soils. The largest sources of N are nearly equal amounts of mangrove and benthic microalgal primary production. Dissolved N fluxes between the forests and tidal waters show net uptake, indicating N conservation. N2-fixation is underestimated as rapid rates measured on tree stems, aboveground roots and cyanobacterial mats cannot currently be accounted for at the whole-forest scale due to their extreme patchiness and the inability to extrapolate beyond a localized area. Net immobilization of NH4+ is the largest ecosystem flux, indicating N retention. Denitrification is the largest loss of N, equating to 35% of total N input. Burial equates to about 29% of total inputs and is the second largest loss of N. Total inputs slightly exceed total outputs, currently suggesting net N balance in mangroves. Mangrove PON export equates to ≈95% of PON export from the world’s tropical rivers, but only 1.5% of the entire world’s river discharge. Mangrove N2O emissions, denitrification, and burial contribute 0.4%, 0.5–2.0% and 6%, respectively, to the global coastal ocean, which are disproportionate to their small worldwide area.
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Sun J, Chen Y, Zhou H, Hu Z, Liao W, Yang Q, Song X. Carbon isotope ratio of leaf litter correlates with litter production in a mangrove ecosystem in South China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 157:111224. [PMID: 32658662 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As an important ecological process, litter production is generally recognized as being directly relevant to net primary productivity and carbon storage of mangrove ecosystems. In the present study, we made continuous, monthly assessment of litter production from 2010 to 2016 for five mangrove sites in Shenzhen Futian Mangrove Nature Reserve. Results showed that all mangrove locations displayed distinct seasonality in litter production, and that the alien species produced significantly more litters than the native species. Carbon isotope analysis revealed an interesting, strongly negative relationship between litter production and δ13C of leaf litter (δ13CLL) among the five studied sites. Although it has long been known that δ13C of plant leaves correlates with water use efficiency and some components of plant productivity, the observed δ13CLL-litter production linkage is novel, justifying future exploration of δ13CLL as an potential indicator of litter production and net primary productivity in mangrove ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yongle Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Haichao Zhou
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Zhangli Hu
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Wenbo Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Guangdong Neilingding Futian National Nature Reserve, Shenzhen 518040, China
| | - Xin Song
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
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Chen J, Chen G, Gu Y, Zhu H, Ye Y. Fate of leaf litter in restored
Kandelia obovata
(S. L.) mangrove forests with different ages in Jiulong River Estuary, China. Restor Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and EcologyXiamen University Xiamen Fujian China
| | - Guangcheng Chen
- Third Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural Resources Xiamen Fujian China
- Guangxi Beihai Monitoring and Experimental Station of Marine Ecosystems, Third Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural Resources Beihai Guangxi China
| | - Yantao Gu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and EcologyXiamen University Xiamen Fujian China
| | - Heng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and EcologyXiamen University Xiamen Fujian China
| | - Yong Ye
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and EcologyXiamen University Xiamen Fujian China
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Liu X, Zhou T, Luo H, Xu P, Gao S, Liu J. Models ignoring spatial heterogeneities of forest age will significantly overestimate the climate effects on litterfall in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 661:492-503. [PMID: 30677693 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Litterfall is an important process that links vegetation and soil pools and plays an important role in the maintenance of soil fertility. Although studies indicated that climate will significantly affect forest litterfall, the role of biotic factors such as the spatial heterogeneity of forest age, remains unclear. In this study, we built an updated dataset of litterfall in China and explored the key drivers affecting forest litterfall by establishing optimal linear mixed models (OLMMs). The potential bias of models and their spatial patterns were then evaluated based on the OLMMs and remotely sensed and China's forest inventory data. The results showed the mean annual temperature (MAT) and forest age were the key drivers affecting forest litterfall. Abiotic factors and forest age and height together accounted for 77.5% of the variation in observed litterfall. Although forest age and height did not apparently enhance the coefficient of determination (R2), these factors significantly decreased spatial errors. Therefore, if the model contains only climate factors and the spatial patterns of biotic factors are ignored, it will produce high spatial errors (-52% to 92%). In addition, when forest age and height were not considered, variation of litterfall explained by forest age was inappropriately attributed to MAT, which significantly overestimated the importance of climate factors on forest litterfall. Specifically, litterfall was overestimated for young forests and underestimated for old forests if the model did not contain forest age in China. Models that ignored forest age significantly overestimated the contribution of climatic factors on forest litterfall and produced high spatially specific errors. The comparison of the litterfall modeled by OLMMs and the remote sensing-based net primary production (NPP) indicated that litterfall and NPP are strongly dependent, and the ratio of litterfall to NPP linearly increased with forest age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education, Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education, Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Hui Luo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education, Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Peipei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education, Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education, Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education, Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Valiela I, Elmstrom E, Lloret J, Stone T, Camilli L. Tropical land-sea couplings: Role of watershed deforestation, mangrove estuary processing, and marine inputs on N fluxes in coastal Pacific Panama. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 630:126-140. [PMID: 29477110 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We review data from coastal Pacific Panama and other tropical coasts with two aims. First, we defined inputs and losses of nitrogen (N) mediating connectivity of watersheds, mangrove estuaries, and coastal sea. N entering watersheds-mainly via N fixation (79-86%)-was largely intercepted; N discharges to mangrove estuaries (3-6%), small compared to N inputs to watersheds, nonetheless significantly supplied N to mangrove estuaries. Inputs to mangrove estuaries (including watershed discharges, and marine inputs during flood tides) were matched by losses (mainly denitrification and export during ebb tides). Mangrove estuary subsidies of coastal marine food webs take place by export of forms of N [DON (62.5%), PN (9.1%), and litter N (12.9%)] that provide dissimilative and assimilative subsidies. N fixation, denitrification, and tidal exchanges were major processes, and DON was major form of N involved in connecting fluxes in and out of mangrove estuaries. Second, we assessed effects of watershed forest cover on connectivity. Decreased watershed forest cover lowered N inputs, interception, and discharge into receiving mangrove estuaries. These imprints of forest cover were erased during transit of N through estuaries, owing to internal N cycle transformations, and differences in relative area of watersheds and estuaries. Largest losses of N consisted of water transport of energy-rich compounds, particularly DON. N losses were similar in magnitude to N inputs from sea, calculated without considering contribution by intermittent coastal upwelling, and hence likely under-estimated. Pacific Panama mangrove estuaries are exposed to major inputs of N from land and sea, which emphasizes the high degree of bi-directional connectivity in these coupled ecosystems. Pacific Panama is still lightly affected by human or global changes. Increased deforestation can be expected, as well as changes in ENSO, which will surely raise watershed-derived loads of N, as well as significantly change marine N inputs affecting coastal coupled ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Valiela
- The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Elizabeth Elmstrom
- The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Javier Lloret
- The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.
| | - Thomas Stone
- Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA 02540, USA
| | - Luis Camilli
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; Marine Advanced Research Inc., Berkeley Global Campus, 1301 South 46th Street Bldg. 300A, Richmond, CA 94804, USA
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Hoque MM, Mustafa Kamal AH, Idris MH, Haruna Ahmed O, Rafiqul Hoque A, Masum Billah M. Litterfall production in a tropical mangrove of Sarawak, Malaysia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/21658005.2015.1016758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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