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Herbivory and functional traits suggest that enemy release is not an important mechanism driving invasion success of brown seaweeds. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02894-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractInvasive species are a global threat to biodiversity and there is a pressing need to better understand why some species become invasive outside of their native range, and others do not. One explanation for invasive species success is their release from concurrent natural enemies upon introduction to the non-native range. The so-called enemy release hypothesis (ERH) has conflicting support, depending upon the ecosystem and species investigated. To date, most studies testing the generality of the ERH have focused on terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we tested whether enemy release might contribute to the success of the invasive non-native brown seaweeds Undaria pinnatifida and Sargassum muticum in the United Kingdom. We conducted choice and no choice experiments to determine herbivore preference on these invaders relative to six functionally-similar native species. We also measured and compared species traits associated with defence against herbivory (carbon to nitrogen ratio, polyphenolic concentration, tensile strength, and compensatory growth). There were no differences in the biomass consumed between invasive and native species for either choice or no choice tests. The carbon to nitrogen ratio (a measure of nutritional quality) was significantly lower for S. muticum compared to the three native fucoid species, but measures of the other three defence traits were similar or even greater for invasive species compared with native species. Taken together, it is unlikely that the ERH applies to invasive seaweeds in the northeast Atlantic, suggesting that other factors may contribute to the success of invasive species in this system.
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Ortuño-Mendieta M, Hernández-Alvear NA, Alcalá RE. Response of a carnivorous plant to simulated herbivory. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23:1044-1050. [PMID: 34532929 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Studies addressing the impact of herbivory in carnivorous plants are scarce, despite loss of tissue being expected to be costly, as leaves are involved in both energy and nutrient acquisition. We evaluated the effect of simulated herbivory in a population of the carnivorous plant Pinguicula moranensis. We predicted an overall negative impact of herbivory by reducing growth, flowering probability and survivorship. Specifically, we expected that the increase in the negative effect should be related to the amount of leaf area removed. We performed simulated herbivory in plants growing in situ (2015) and ex situ (greenhouse, 2016) using a paper punch (herbivory ranging from 0 to 50%). In the ex-situ experiment, we also tested the effect of availability of resources by implementing a prey addition trial where half of the plants were supplemented with prey (one fruit fly per week). In both experiments, our hypothesis was not supported, as growth, flowering probability and survivorship were not influenced by herbivory treatments. Plants subjected to prey addition did not show higher performance than plants deprived of prey, contradicting our prediction that availability of resources could ameliorate the effect of herbivory. Overall, the lack of differences in performance between undamaged (control) and damaged plants indicate an unexpected short-term ability of P. moranensis to tolerate herbivory, even at high levels of damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ortuño-Mendieta
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - N A Hernández-Alvear
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - R E Alcalá
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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A new record of the invasive seaweed Caulerpa cylindracea Sonder in the South Adriatic Sea. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02449. [PMID: 31687554 PMCID: PMC6819781 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The green alga Caulerpa cylindracea Sonder is one of the most infamous and threatening invasive species in the Mediterranean Sea. Since 1985, it started rapidly spreading to all Mediterranean regions causing many ecological changes on natural communities. In the present study, we present an example of this proliferation with the first record in the Marine Protected Area of Tremiti Island (MPATI) in the South Adriatic Sea. Fifteen sites along the coast and 5 different depths have been investigated. Our results provide eveidence of a wide invasion of this pest in three islands, San Domino, San Nicola and Capraia. This study fills a particular data gap in the ongoing biomonitoring of invasive seaweeds in the Mediterranean Sea representing a base line of this invasive species for the MPATI.
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Ünlü ES, Ünüvar ÖC, Aydın M. Identification of alternative oxidase encoding genes in Caulerpa cylindracea by de novo RNA-Seq assembly analysis. Mar Genomics 2019; 46:41-48. [PMID: 30922784 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alternative oxidases (AOX) are defined in plants, fungi and algae. The main function of AOX proteins has been described for electron flow through electron transport chain and regulation of mitochondrial retrograde signaling pathway. The roles of AOX proteins have been characterized in reproduction and resistance against oxidative stress, cold stress, starvation, and biotic attacks. Caulerpa cylindracea is an invasive marine green alga. Although the natural habitats of the species are Australia coasts, the impact of the invasion has been monitored through the Mediterranean Sea and the Aegean Sea. C. cylindracea species have advantages against others by showing higher resistance to stress conditions such as cold, starvation, pathogen attacks and by their capability of sexual and vegetative reproduction. Comparing the advantages of C. cylindracea over the niche and defined functional roles of mitochondrial AOX proteins, it is evident that AOX proteins are likely involved in developing those advantageous skills in C. cylindracea. However, there is limited data about biochemical and molecular mechanisms that take part in stress resistance and invasion characteristics. We aimed to identify mitochondrial alternative oxidase encoding genes in C. cylindracea while annotating whole transcriptome data for the species. Samples were collected from Seferihisar/İzmir. Transcriptome analysis from pooled RNA samples revealed 47,400 assembled contigs represented by 33,340 unigenes. Using standalone Blast analysis, we were able to identify two alternative oxidase encoding genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ercan Selçuk Ünlü
- Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Bolu 14280, Turkey.
| | - Ömer Can Ünüvar
- Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Bolu 14280, Turkey
| | - Meryem Aydın
- Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Bolu 14280, Turkey
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Noè S, Badalamenti F, Bonaviri C, Musco L, Fernández TV, Vizzini S, Gianguzza P. Food selection of a generalist herbivore exposed to native and alien seaweeds. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 129:469-473. [PMID: 29079302 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding which factors influence the invasion of alien seaweed has become a central concern in ecology. Increasing evidence suggests that the feeding preferences of native herbivores influence the success of alien seaweeds in the new community. We investigated food selection of a generalist native grazer Paracentrotus lividus, in the presence of two alien seaweeds (Caulerpa cylindracea and Caulerpa taxifolia var. distichophylla) and two native seaweeds (Dictyopteris membranacea and Cystoseira compressa). Sea urchins were fed with six experimental food items: C. cylindracea, C. taxifolia var. distichophylla, a mixture of C. cylindracea and C. taxifolia var. distichophylla, D. membranacea, C. compressa and a mixture of D. membranacea and C. compressa. P. lividus ingested all the combinations of food offered, though it preferentially consumed the alien mixture, C. cylindracea and D. membranacea. The alien C. taxifolia var. distichophylla was consumed significantly less than the other food items and, interestingly, it was ingested in a greater amount when mixed with C. cylindracea than when on its own. This finding suggests that C. taxifolia var. distichophylla may become vulnerable to sea urchin grazing when it grows intermingled with C. cylindracea, which does not gain immediate protection from the presence of the very low palatable congeneric seaweed. The present study highlights the potential role of native grazers to indirectly affect the interspecific competition between the two alien seaweeds in the Mediterranean Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Noè
- Department of Earth and Marine Science, University of Palermo, CoNISMa, Via Archirafi 18, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Badalamenti
- National Research Council (CNR)-Institute of Coastal Marine Environment (IAMC), Via G. Da Verrazzano 17, 91014 Castellammare del Golfo, (TP), Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Integrated Marine Ecology Department, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonaviri
- Department of Earth and Marine Science, University of Palermo, CoNISMa, Via Archirafi 18, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Luigi Musco
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Integrated Marine Ecology Department, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Tomás Vega Fernández
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Integrated Marine Ecology Department, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy; National Research Council (CNR)-Institute of Coastal Marine Environment (IAMC), Calata Porta di Massa, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatrice Vizzini
- Department of Earth and Marine Science, University of Palermo, CoNISMa, Via Archirafi 18, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Gianguzza
- Department of Earth and Marine Science, University of Palermo, CoNISMa, Via Archirafi 18, 90123 Palermo, Italy
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Marić M, De Troch M, Occhipinti-Ambrogi A, Olenin S. Trophic interactions between indigenous and non-indigenous species in Lampedusa Island, Mediterranean Sea. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 120:182-190. [PMID: 27568584 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Using stable isotope analysis, we investigated trophic interactions between indigenous benthic taxa and the non-indigenous species (NIS): the green alga Caulerpa cylindracea, the red alga Asparagopsis taxiformis, the crab Percnon gibbesi and the sea hare Aplysia dactylomela. The study was conducted on Lampedusa Island, Mediterranean Sea. We evaluated the trophic positions and isotopic niches of consumers. Using Bayesian mixing models, we quantified the food source contribution to diets of indigenous and non-indigenous herbivores. Isotopic niche of NIS showed no overlap with the ones of indigenous macroinvertebrates and fish. Caulerpa cylindracea provided the largest contribution to the diet of P. gibbesi (0.431-1), while the dietary contribution estimates overlapped considerably for all sources of A. dactylomela and indigenous herbivores. From these results, we conclude that the invasion of C. cylindracea is increasing the diversity of available prey and might facilitate the expansion of other NIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Marić
- Klaipeda University, Marine Science and Technology Centre, H. Manto 84, 92294, Klaipeda, Lithuania.
| | - Marleen De Troch
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, Marine Biology, Krijgslaan 281-S8, B9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Anna Occhipinti-Ambrogi
- University of Pavia, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Via S. Epifanio 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sergej Olenin
- Klaipeda University, Marine Science and Technology Centre, H. Manto 84, 92294, Klaipeda, Lithuania
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