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Catanese G, Vázquez‐Luis M, Giacobbe S, García‐March JR, Zotou M, Patricia P, Papadakis O, Tena‐Medialdea J, Katsanevakis S, Grau A. Internal transcribed spacer as effective molecular marker for the detection of natural hybridization between the bivalves Pinna nobilis and Pinna rudis. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e70227. [PMID: 39193167 PMCID: PMC11347391 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.70227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The Pinna nobilis, a Mediterranean mollusc, has suffered population declines due to a massive mortality event associated with various factors including the parasite Haplosporidium pinnae. Some populations show resilience, possibly due to local environmental conditions. In this study, a molecular multiplex PCR method was developed using species-specific primers targeting Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) regions of P. nobilis and P. rudis, allowing accurate species identification and hybrid detection. Samples from Mediterranean areas were analysed, including putative hybrids and individuals from five other bivalve species. DNA was isolated, ITS regions were amplified and sequenced, and phylogenetic analyses confirmed species differentiation and primer specificity. The multiplex-PCR successfully identified P. nobilis, P. rudis, and their hybrids based on distinct amplicon patterns. This study highlights the value of molecular tools in species conservation, especially for monitoring and managing hybridization, supporting effective biodiversity conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Catanese
- IRFAP LIMIA (Laboratorio de Investigaciones Marinas y Acuicultura) – Govern de les Illes BalearsPort d'AndratxBalearic IslandsSpain
| | - Maite Vázquez‐Luis
- IEO‐CSIC, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares Instituto Español de OceanografíaPalma de MallorcaSpain
| | - Salvatore Giacobbe
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, ChiBioFarAmUniversità Degli Studi di MessinaMessinaItaly
| | - José Rafael García‐March
- Instituto de Investigación en Medio Ambiente y Ciencia Marina (IMEDMAR‐UCV)Universidad Católica de ValenciaCalpeSpain
| | - Maria Zotou
- Department of Marine SciencesUniversity of the AegeanMytileneGreece
| | - Prado Patricia
- Instituto de Investigación en Medio Ambiente y Ciencia Marina (IMEDMAR‐UCV)Universidad Católica de ValenciaCalpeSpain
- Institut d'Estudis Professionals Aqüícoles i Ambientals de Catalunya (IEPAAC)TarragonaSpain
- IRTA‐La RàpitaTarragonaSpain
| | | | - José Tena‐Medialdea
- Instituto de Investigación en Medio Ambiente y Ciencia Marina (IMEDMAR‐UCV)Universidad Católica de ValenciaCalpeSpain
| | | | - Amalia Grau
- IRFAP LIMIA (Laboratorio de Investigaciones Marinas y Acuicultura) – Govern de les Illes BalearsPort d'AndratxBalearic IslandsSpain
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2
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Špičić S, Duvnjak S, Papić B, Reil I, Zrnčić S, Mihaljević Ž, Naletilić Š, Zupičić IG, Kompes G, Habrun B, Mareković I, Zdelar-Tuk M. Description of Mycobacterium pinniadriaticum sp. nov., isolated from a noble pen shell ( Pinna nobilis) population in Croatia. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1289182. [PMID: 38192290 PMCID: PMC10773828 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1289182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Shortly before the mass mortality event of the noble pen shell (Pinna nobilis) population in the south-eastern Adriatic coast, two rapidly growing Mycobacterium strains CVI_P3T (DSM 114013 T, ATCC TSD-295 T) and CVI_P4 were obtained from the organs of individual mollusks during the regular health status monitoring. Methods The strains were identified as members of the genus Mycobacterium using basic phenotypic characteristics, genus-specific PCR assays targeting the hsp65 and 16S rRNA genes and the commercial hybridization kit GenoType Mycobacterium CM (Hain Lifescience, Germany). MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry did not provide reliable identification using the Bruker Biotyper Database. Results and discussion Genome-wide phylogeny and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values confirmed that the studied strains are clearly differentiated from their closest phylogenetic relative Mycobacterium aromaticivorans and other validly published Mycobacterium species (ANI ≤ 85.0%). The type strain CVI_P3T was further characterized by a polyphasic approach using both phenotypic and genotypic methods. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic results, we conclude that strains CVI_P3T and CVI_P4 represent a novel species, for which the name Mycobacterium pinniadriaticum sp. nov. is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Špičić
- Laboratory for Bacterial Zoonosis and Molecular Diagnostics of Bacterial Diseases, Department of Bacteriology and Parasitology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Duvnjak
- Laboratory for Bacterial Zoonosis and Molecular Diagnostics of Bacterial Diseases, Department of Bacteriology and Parasitology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bojan Papić
- Veterinary Faculty, Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irena Reil
- Laboratory for Bacterial Zoonosis and Molecular Diagnostics of Bacterial Diseases, Department of Bacteriology and Parasitology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Snježana Zrnčić
- Laboratory for Fish Pathology, Department for Pathological Morphology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željko Mihaljević
- Laboratory for Pathology, Department for Pathological Morphology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Šimun Naletilić
- Laboratory for Pathology, Department for Pathological Morphology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Giovanna Zupičić
- Laboratory for Fish Pathology, Department for Pathological Morphology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordan Kompes
- Laboratory for General Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Bacteriology and Parasitology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Boris Habrun
- Laboratory for General Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Bacteriology and Parasitology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Mareković
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Microbiology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Zdelar-Tuk
- Laboratory for Bacterial Zoonosis and Molecular Diagnostics of Bacterial Diseases, Department of Bacteriology and Parasitology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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Cortés-Melendreras E, Gomariz-Castillo F, Alonso-Sarría F, Giménez Martín FJ, Murcia J, Canales-Cáceres R, Ramos Esplá AA, Barberá C, Giménez-Casalduero F. The relict population of Pinna nobilis in the Mar Menor is facing an uncertain future. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114376. [PMID: 36423566 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pinna nobilis is undergoing one of the most dramatic events suffered by an endangered species. An emerging disease has relegated its populations to coastal lagoons or estuaries with salinities beyond the 36.5-39.7 psu range. The Mar Menor is one of two such locations on the Spanish coastline. Poor environmental conditions and eutrophication and anoxia events, that became critical in 2016, 2019 and 2021, have reduced its population in >99 %. In this work, the spatial distribution of the species within the lagoon and the factors determining its survival along the successive crises of eutrophication are studied using a two-stage (presence/absence estimation and density modelling) Species Distribution Model. A potential area of 200.97 ha and an average density of 1.05 ind.100 m2 is estimated for 2020. The viability of the Mar Menor population depends on management actions designed both for the species and to improve the lagoon environmental state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco Gomariz-Castillo
- Departamento de Geografía, Universidad de Murcia, Instituto Universitario del Agua y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; Marine Research Center of Santa Pola, University of Alicante, 03130 Santa Pola, Spain.
| | - Francisco Alonso-Sarría
- Departamento de Geografía, Universidad de Murcia, Instituto Universitario del Agua y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Javier Murcia
- Acuario de la Universidad de Murcia, Universidad de Murcia, 30002 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Alfonso A Ramos Esplá
- Marine Research Center of Santa Pola, University of Alicante, 03130 Santa Pola, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias del Mar y Biología Aplicada, Universidad de Alicante, 03690, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - Carmen Barberá
- Marine Research Center of Santa Pola, University of Alicante, 03130 Santa Pola, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias del Mar y Biología Aplicada, Universidad de Alicante, 03690, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - Francisca Giménez-Casalduero
- Marine Research Center of Santa Pola, University of Alicante, 03130 Santa Pola, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias del Mar y Biología Aplicada, Universidad de Alicante, 03690, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
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Point pattern analysis as a tool for assessing disease spread and population features in remaining sanctuaries of the critically endangered bivalve Pinna nobilis. J Nat Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2022.126221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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5
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Peyran C, Boissin E, Morage T, Nebot‐Colomer E, Iwankow G, Planes S. Investigating population dynamics from parentage analysis in the highly endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8482. [PMID: 35127019 PMCID: PMC8796933 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding dispersal patterns is a major focus for conservation biology as it influences local survival and resilience in case of local disturbance, particularly for sessile species. Dispersal can be assessed through parentage analyses by estimating family structure and self-recruitment. This study documents the family structure of a pelagic spawner, Pinna nobilis, which is facing a major crisis that threatens its survival as most of its populations have been decimated by a parasite, Haplosporidium pinnae. In this context, we focused on a single population (Peyrefite, Banyuls-sur-mer, France) where 640 individuals were sampled in 2011, 2015, and 2018 and genotyped for 22 microsatellite markers. Genetic diversity was high and homogeneous among years, with mean allele numbers ranging between 13.6 and 14.8 and observed heterozygosities (H o) between 0.7121 and 0.7331. Low, but significant, genetic differentiations were found between 2011-2015 and 2015-2018. A parentage analysis described 11 clusters, including one prevailing, and revealed that 46.9% of individuals were involved in half-sib relationships, even between years, suggesting that source populations were recurrent year after year. There were few individuals resampled between years (30 in 2015 and 14 in 2018), indicating a rapid turnover. Considering the large number of half-sib relationships but the low number of relations per individual, we conclude that P. nobilis exhibit homogeneous reproductive success. Self-recruitment was not detected, making this population highly vulnerable as replenishment only relies on connectivity from neighboring populations. In the context of the pandemic caused by H. pinnae, these results will have to be considered when choosing a location to reintroduce individuals in potential future rescue plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Peyran
- EPHE – UPVD – CNRSUSR 3278 CRIOBEPSL Research UniversityPerpignanFrance
| | - Emilie Boissin
- EPHE – UPVD – CNRSUSR 3278 CRIOBEPSL Research UniversityPerpignanFrance
- Laboratoire d'Excellence «CORAIL»PerpignanFrance
| | - Titouan Morage
- EPHE – UPVD – CNRSUSR 3278 CRIOBEPSL Research UniversityPerpignanFrance
| | - Elisabet Nebot‐Colomer
- EPHE – UPVD – CNRSUSR 3278 CRIOBEPSL Research UniversityPerpignanFrance
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO, CSIC), Centro Oceanográfico de BalearesPalma de MallorcaSpain
| | - Guillaume Iwankow
- EPHE – UPVD – CNRSUSR 3278 CRIOBEPSL Research UniversityPerpignanFrance
| | - Serge Planes
- EPHE – UPVD – CNRSUSR 3278 CRIOBEPSL Research UniversityPerpignanFrance
- Laboratoire d'Excellence «CORAIL»PerpignanFrance
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6
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Peyran C, Morage T, Nebot-Colomer E, Iwankow G, Planes S. Unexpected residual habitats raise hope for the survival of the fan mussel Pinna nobilis along the Occitan coast (North-West Mediterranean Sea). ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2022. [DOI: 10.3354/esr01191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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7
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Natural hybridization between pen shell species: Pinna rudis and the critically endangered Pinna nobilis may explain parasite resistance in P. nobilis. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:997-1004. [PMID: 33394229 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06063-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Recently, Pinna nobilis pen shells population in Mediterranean Sea has plummeted due to a Mass Mortality Event caused by an haplosporidian parasite. In consequence, this bivalve species has been included in the IUCN Red List as "Critically Endangered". In the current scenario, several works are in progress to protect P. nobilis from extinction, being identification of hybrids (P. nobilis x P. rudis) among survivors extremely important for the conservation of the species.Morphological characteristics and molecular analyses were used to identify putative hybrids. A total of 10 individuals of each species (P. nobilis and P. rudis) and 3 doubtful individuals were considered in this study. The putative hybrids showed shell morphology and mantle coloration intermingled exhibiting both P. nobilis and P. rudis traits. Moreover, the analyses of 1150 bp of the 28S gene showed 9 diagnostic sites between P. rudis and P. nobilis, whereas hybrids showed both parental diagnostic alleles at the diagnostic loci. Regarding the multilocus genotypes from the 8 microsatellite markers, the segregation of two Pinna species was clearly detected on the PCoA plot and the 3 hybrids showed intermediate positions.This is the first study evidencing the existence of hybrids P. nobilis x P. rudis, providing molecular methodology for a proper identification of new hybrids. Further studies testing systematically all parasite-resisting isolated P. nobilis should be undertaken to determine if the resistance is resulting from introgression of P. rudis into P. nobilis genome and identifying aspects related to resistance.
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8
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García-March JR, Hernandis S, Vázquez-Luis M, Prado P, Deudero S, Vicente N, Tena-Medialdea J. Age and growth of the endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis in the western Mediterranean Sea. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 153:104795. [PMID: 31587816 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.104795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present work, which is the first comparative study of the growth of the fan mussel Pinna nobilis in the western Mediterranean, encompasses 12 populations of this species living in different environments in France and Spain. Two hundred nine shells were processed and used to obtain growth records from the posterior adductor muscle scar. Size-at-age data were fitted to the Von Bertalanffy growth model. Considerable variability in growth parameters and age was detected among the populations. The results show that the only two fan mussel populations remaining in Spain, which live in an estuary and a coastal lagoon, occupy habitats that are optimal for fast growth, but individuals show low longevity, complicating the long-term conservation of the species. Multivariate analyses groups the populations into three groups (SO, EO and LG), and a general model is proposed for each group; the model can be used as an approximation to calculate the ages of individuals living in similar environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R García-March
- Instituto de Investigación en Medio Ambiente y Ciencia Marina (IMEDMAR-UCV), Universidad Católica de Valencia SVM, C/Explanada del Puerto S/n, 03710, Calpe, Alicante, Spain.
| | - S Hernandis
- Instituto de Investigación en Medio Ambiente y Ciencia Marina (IMEDMAR-UCV), Universidad Católica de Valencia SVM, C/Explanada del Puerto S/n, 03710, Calpe, Alicante, Spain; Escuela de Doctorado, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Spain
| | - M Vázquez-Luis
- Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Instituto Español de Oceanografía- Muelle de Poniente s/n, 14 07015, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - P Prado
- IRTA-Aquatic Ecosystems, Ctra. Poble Nou Km 5.5, 43540, Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Tarragona, Spain
| | - S Deudero
- Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Instituto Español de Oceanografía- Muelle de Poniente s/n, 14 07015, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - N Vicente
- Institut Océanographique Paul Ricard, Ile des Embiez, 83140, Six Fours les Plages, France
| | - J Tena-Medialdea
- Instituto de Investigación en Medio Ambiente y Ciencia Marina (IMEDMAR-UCV), Universidad Católica de Valencia SVM, C/Explanada del Puerto S/n, 03710, Calpe, Alicante, Spain
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9
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Cabanellas-Reboredo M, Vázquez-Luis M, Mourre B, Álvarez E, Deudero S, Amores Á, Addis P, Ballesteros E, Barrajón A, Coppa S, García-March JR, Giacobbe S, Casalduero FG, Hadjioannou L, Jiménez-Gutiérrez SV, Katsanevakis S, Kersting D, Mačić V, Mavrič B, Patti FP, Planes S, Prado P, Sánchez J, Tena-Medialdea J, de Vaugelas J, Vicente N, Belkhamssa FZ, Zupan I, Hendriks IE. Tracking a mass mortality outbreak of pen shell Pinna nobilis populations: A collaborative effort of scientists and citizens. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13355. [PMID: 31527825 PMCID: PMC6746856 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49808-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A mass mortality event is devastating the populations of the endemic bivalve Pinna nobilis in the Mediterranean Sea from early autumn 2016. A newly described Haplosporidian endoparasite (Haplosporidium pinnae) is the most probable cause of this ecological catastrophe placing one of the largest bivalves of the world on the brink of extinction. As a pivotal step towards Pinna nobilis conservation, this contribution combines scientists and citizens' data to address the fast- and vast-dispersion and prevalence outbreaks of the pathogen. Therefore, the potential role of currents on parasite expansion was addressed by means of drift simulations of virtual particles in a high-resolution regional currents model. A generalized additive model was implemented to test if environmental factors could modulate the infection of Pinna nobilis populations. The results strongly suggest that the parasite has probably dispersed regionally by surface currents, and that the disease expression seems to be closely related to temperatures above 13.5 °C and to a salinity range between 36.5-39.7 psu. The most likely spread of the disease along the Mediterranean basin associated with scattered survival spots and very few survivors (potentially resistant individuals), point to a challenging scenario for conservation of the emblematic Pinna nobilis, which will require fast and strategic management measures and should make use of the essential role citizen science projects can play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Cabanellas-Reboredo
- Oceanography and Global Change Department, Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maite Vázquez-Luis
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Baptiste Mourre
- Balearic Islands Coastal Observing and Forecasting System (SOCIB), Palma, Spain
| | - Elvira Álvarez
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Salud Deudero
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Ángel Amores
- Oceanography and Global Change Department, Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Piero Addis
- University of Cagliari, Department of Environmental and Life Science, Via Fiorelli 1, 09126, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Enric Ballesteros
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes-CSIC, 17300, Blanes, Girona, Spain
| | - Agustín Barrajón
- Agencia de Medio Ambiente y Agua, Consejería de Medio Ambiente y Ordenación del Territorio, Junta de Andalucía, Spain
| | - Stefania Coppa
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto per lo studio degli impatti Antropici e Sostenibilità in ambiente marino (CNR - IAS), Oristano, Italy
| | - José Rafael García-March
- IMEDMAR-UCV, Institute of Environment and Marine Science Research, Universidad Católica de Valencia SVM, Calpe, Alicante, Spain
| | - Salvatore Giacobbe
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (CHIBIOFARAM), University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Louis Hadjioannou
- Enalia Physis Environmental Research Centre, Acropoleos 2, 2101, Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | | | - Diego Kersting
- Working Group on Geobiology and Anthropocene Research, Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 12249, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vesna Mačić
- Institute of marine biology, University of Montenegro, Kotor, Montenegro
| | - Borut Mavrič
- National Institute of Biology, Marine Biology Station, Piran, Slovenia
| | - Francesco Paolo Patti
- Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121, Naples, Italy
| | - Serge Planes
- PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, Université de Perpignan, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL, BP 1013, 98729, Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Patricia Prado
- IRTA-Marine and Continental Waters. Ctra. Poble Nou Km 5.5, 43540, Sant Carles de la Ràpita Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jordi Sánchez
- SUBMON: Divulgació, Estudi i Conservació de l'Entorn Natural, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Tena-Medialdea
- IMEDMAR-UCV, Institute of Environment and Marine Science Research, Universidad Católica de Valencia SVM, Calpe, Alicante, Spain
| | - Jean de Vaugelas
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 7035 ECOSEAS, Parc Valrose 28, Avenue Valrose, 06108, Nice, France
| | - Nardo Vicente
- IMBE (Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale), Aix-Marseille Univ., Avignon Univ., CNRS, IRD; and Institut Océanographique Paul Ricard, Ile des Embiez, 83140-Six Fours les Plages, France, Ile des Embiez, France
| | - Fatima Zohra Belkhamssa
- Laboratory of Protection, Valorisation and Management of Marine and Littoral Resources & Molecular Systematics, Department of Marine Sciences and Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Science and Life, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University of Mostaganem, Mostaganem, 27000, PO Box 300, Algeria
| | - Ivan Zupan
- University of Zadar, Department of Ecology, Agronomy and Aquaculture, Zadar, Croatia
| | - Iris E Hendriks
- Oceanography and Global Change Department, Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Mallorca, Spain.
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