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Schiaparelli S, Alvaro MC, Guzzi A, Grillo M. Cymbuliaparvidentata Pelseneer, 1888 (Mollusca, Cymbuliidae) in the Ligurian Sea: further evidence of Atlantic species incursions in the Mediterranean area. Biodivers Data J 2023; 11:e99108. [PMID: 38327318 PMCID: PMC10848859 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.11.e99108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the first record of a stranded specimen of Cymbuliaparvidentata, a pteropod species of Atlantic origin, in the Ligurian Sea. On 27 February 2022, six C.peronii and one C.parvidentata were collected on Borgio-Verezzi Beach (Savona, Italy - 44.16° N, 8.304633° W). Specimens were examined morphologically and biometrically. Measurements (length, width, height and wet weight) separated the two taxa, C.peronii being larger than C.parvidentata. The finding of C.parvidentata, which has only occasionally been reported in southern Italy, is remarkable and may be due to ascending Atlantic water (AW) pulses that reach the Ligurian Sea. This finding adds to the previous knowledge of other pelagic species of Atlantic origin that were found in the Ligurian Sea, suggesting the possibility of major on-going changes and a general "Atlantification". In order to determine the frequency of such events, it will be highly desirable to design specific citizen-science campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Schiaparelli
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genoa, ItalyDepartment of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132GenoaItaly
| | - Maria Chiara Alvaro
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genoa, ItalyDepartment of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132GenoaItaly
| | - Alice Guzzi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment (DSFTA), University of Siena, Strada Laterina 8, 53100, Siena, ItalyDepartment of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment (DSFTA), University of Siena, Strada Laterina 8, 53100SienaItaly
| | - Marco Grillo
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment (DSFTA), University of Siena, Strada Laterina 8, 53100, Siena, ItalyDepartment of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment (DSFTA), University of Siena, Strada Laterina 8, 53100SienaItaly
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Ziveri P, Gray WR, Anglada-Ortiz G, Manno C, Grelaud M, Incarbona A, Rae JWB, Subhas AV, Pallacks S, White A, Adkins JF, Berelson W. Pelagic calcium carbonate production and shallow dissolution in the North Pacific Ocean. Nat Commun 2023; 14:805. [PMID: 36808154 PMCID: PMC9941586 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36177-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Planktonic calcifying organisms play a key role in regulating ocean carbonate chemistry and atmospheric CO2. Surprisingly, references to the absolute and relative contribution of these organisms to calcium carbonate production are lacking. Here we report quantification of pelagic calcium carbonate production in the North Pacific, providing new insights on the contribution of the three main planktonic calcifying groups. Our results show that coccolithophores dominate the living calcium carbonate (CaCO3) standing stock, with coccolithophore calcite comprising ~90% of total CaCO3 production, and pteropods and foraminifera playing a secondary role. We show that pelagic CaCO3 production is higher than the sinking flux of CaCO3 at 150 and 200 m at ocean stations ALOHA and PAPA, implying that a large portion of pelagic calcium carbonate is remineralised within the photic zone; this extensive shallow dissolution explains the apparent discrepancy between previous estimates of CaCO3 production derived from satellite observations/biogeochemical modeling versus estimates from shallow sediment traps. We suggest future changes in the CaCO3 cycle and its impact on atmospheric CO2 will largely depend on how the poorly-understood processes that determine whether CaCO3 is remineralised in the photic zone or exported to depth respond to anthropogenic warming and acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Ziveri
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, BABVE Department, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - William Robert Gray
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE/IPSL), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
- University of St Andrews, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, St Andrews, United Kingdom.
| | - Griselda Anglada-Ortiz
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate (CAGE), Department of Geosciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Clara Manno
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environmental Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Grelaud
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alessandro Incarbona
- Università di Palermo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Adam V Subhas
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - Sven Pallacks
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angelicque White
- School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, USA
| | - Jess F Adkins
- Department of Geology and Planetary Sciences, Linde Center for Global Environmental Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - William Berelson
- University of Southern California, Department of Earth Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Manno C, Peck LV, Corsi I, Bergami E. Under pressure: Nanoplastics as a further stressor for sub-Antarctic pteropods already tackling ocean acidification. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 174:113176. [PMID: 34890891 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the Southern Ocean (SO), plastic debris has already been found in waters and sediments. Nanoplastics (<1 μm) are expected to be as pervasive as their larger counterparts, but more harmful to biological systems, being able to enter cells and provoke toxicity. In the SO, (nano)plastic pollution occurs concomitantly with other environmental threats such as ocean acidification (OA), but the potential cumulative impact of these two challenges on SO marine ecosystems is still overlooked. Here the single and combined effects of nanoplastics and OA on the sub-Antarctic pteropod Limacina retroversa are investigated under laboratory conditions, using two surface charged polystyrene nanoparticles (PS NPs) as a proxy for nanoplastics. Sub-Antarctic pteropods are threatened by OA due to the sensitivity of their shells to changes in seawater carbonate chemistry. Short-term exposure (48 h) to PS NPs compromised the ability of pteropods to counteract OA stress, resulting in a negative effect on their survival. Our results highlights the importance of addressing plastic pollution in the context of climate change to identify realistic critical thresholds of SO pteropods.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Manno
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK.
| | - L V Peck
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
| | - I Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - E Bergami
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK; Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy
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Bednaršek N, Newton JA, Beck MW, Alin SR, Feely RA, Christman NR, Klinger T. Severe biological effects under present-day estuarine acidification in the seasonally variable Salish Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 765:142689. [PMID: 33077233 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Estuaries are recognized as one of the habitats most vulnerable to coastal ocean acidification due to seasonal extremes and prolonged duration of acidified conditions. This is combined with co-occurring environmental stressors such as increased temperature and low dissolved oxygen. Despite this, evidence of biological impacts of ocean acidification in estuarine habitats is largely lacking. By combining physical, biogeochemical, and biological time-series observations over relevant seasonal-to-interannual time scales, this study is the first to describe both the spatial and temporal variation of biological response in the pteropod Limacina helicina to estuarine acidification in association with other stressors. Using clustering and principal component analyses, sampling sites were grouped according to their distribution of physical and biogeochemical variables over space and time. This identified the most exposed habitats and time intervals corresponding to the most severe negative biological impacts across three seasons and three years. We developed a cumulative stress index as a means of integrating spatial-temporal OA variation over the organismal life history. Our findings show that over the 2014-2016 study period, the severity of low aragonite saturation state combined with the duration of exposure contributed to overall cumulative stress and resulted in severe shell dissolution. Seasonally-variable estuaries such as the Salish Sea (Washington, U.S.A.) predispose sensitive organisms to more severe acidified conditions than those of coastal and open-ocean habitats, yet the sensitive organisms persist. We suggest potential environmental factors and compensatory mechanisms that allow pelagic calcifiers to inhabit less favorable habitats and partially offset associated stressors, for instance through food supply, increased temperature, and adaptation of their life history. The novel metric of cumulative stress developed here can be applied to other estuarine environments with similar physical and chemical dynamics, providing a new tool for monitoring biological response in estuaries under pressure from accelerating global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bednaršek
- Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, CA, United States of America.
| | - Jan A Newton
- Applied Physics Laboratory and School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Marcus W Beck
- Tampa Bay Estuary Program, 263 13th Ave S, St. Petersburg, FL, United States of America
| | - Simone R Alin
- NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Richard A Feely
- NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Natasha R Christman
- College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
| | - Terrie Klinger
- University of Washington, School of Marine and Environmental Affairs, Seattle, WA, United States of America
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Bednaršek N, Feely RA, Beck MW, Alin SR, Siedlecki SA, Calosi P, Norton EL, Saenger C, Štrus J, Greeley D, Nezlin NP, Roethler M, Spicer JI. Exoskeleton dissolution with mechanoreceptor damage in larval Dungeness crab related to severity of present-day ocean acidification vertical gradients. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 716:136610. [PMID: 31982187 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) along the US West Coast is intensifying faster than observed in the global ocean. This is particularly true in nearshore regions (<200 m) that experience a lower buffering capacity while at the same time providing important habitats for ecologically and economically significant species. While the literature on the effects of OA from laboratory experiments is voluminous, there is little understanding of present-day OA in-situ effects on marine life. Dungeness crab (Metacarcinus magister) is perennially one of the most valuable commercial and recreational fisheries. We focused on establishing OA-related vulnerability of larval crustacean based on mineralogical and elemental carapace to external and internal carapace dissolution by using a combination of different methods ranging from scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, elemental mapping and X-ray diffraction. By integrating carapace features with the chemical observations and biogeochemical model hindcast, we identify the occurrence of external carapace dissolution related to the steepest Ω calcite gradients (∆Ωcal,60) in the water column. Dissolution features are observed across the carapace, pereopods (legs), and around the calcified areas surrounding neuritic canals of mechanoreceptors. The carapace dissolution is the most extensive in the coastal habitats under prolonged (1-month) long exposure, as demonstrated by the use of the model hindcast. Such dissolution has a potential to destabilize mechanoreceptors with important sensory and behavioral functions, a pathway of sensitivity to OA. Carapace dissolution is negatively related to crab larval width, demonstrating a basis for energetic trade-offs. Using a retrospective prediction from a regression models, we estimate an 8.3% increase in external carapace dissolution over the last two decades and identified a set of affected OA-related sublethal pathways to inform future risk assessment studies of Dungeness crabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bednaršek
- Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, CA 92626, USA.
| | - Richard A Feely
- NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA
| | - Marcus W Beck
- Tampa Bay Estuary Program, 263 13th Ave S, St. Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA
| | - Simone R Alin
- NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA
| | | | - Piero Calosi
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada
| | - Emily L Norton
- Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Casey Saenger
- Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jasna Štrus
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Dana Greeley
- NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA
| | - Nikolay P Nezlin
- Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, CA 92626, USA
| | - Miranda Roethler
- Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, CA 92626, USA
| | - John I Spicer
- University of Plymouth, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
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