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Ruiz MB, Servetto N, Alurralde G, Abele D, Harms L, Sahade R, Held C. Molecular responses of a key Antarctic species to sedimentation due to rapid climate change. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 180:105720. [PMID: 35987040 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rapid regional warming causing glacial retreat and melting of ice caps in Antarctica leads benthic filter-feeders to be exposed to periods of food shortage and high respiratory impairment as a consequence of seasonal sediment discharge in the West Antarctic Peninsula coastal areas. The molecular physiological response and its fine-tuning allow species to survive acute environmental stress and are thus a prerequisite to longer-term adaptation to changing environments. Under experimental conditions, we analyzed here the metabolic response to changes in suspended sediment concentrations, through transcriptome sequencing and enzymatic measurements in a highly abundant Antarctic ascidian. We found that the mechanisms underlying short-term response to sedimentation in Cnemidocarpa verrucosa sp. A involved apoptosis, immune defense, and general metabolic depression. These mechanisms may be understood as an adaptive protection against sedimentation caused by glacial retreat. This process can strongly contribute to the structuring of future benthic filter-feeder communities in the face of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela B Ruiz
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA) CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Ecología Marina, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Natalia Servetto
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA) CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Ecología Marina, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Gastón Alurralde
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Doris Abele
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Section Functional Ecology, Evolutionary Macroecology, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Lars Harms
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Computing and data center, Data Science Support, Bremerhaven, Germany.
| | - Ricardo Sahade
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA) CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Ecología Marina, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Christoph Held
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Section Functional Ecology, Evolutionary Macroecology, Bremerhaven, Germany.
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2
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Li J, Zhou Y, Qin Y, Wei J, Shigong P, Ma H, Li Y, Yuan X, Zhao L, Yan H, Zhang Y, Yu Z. Assessment of the juvenile vulnerability of symbiont-bearing giant clams to ocean acidification. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 812:152265. [PMID: 34902424 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) severely affects marine bivalves, especially their calcification processes. However, very little is known about the fate of symbiont-bearing giant clams in the acidified oceans, which hinders our ability to develop strategies to protect this ecologically and economically important group in coral reef ecosystems. Here, we explored the integrated juvenile responses of fluted giant clam Tridacna squamosa (Lamarck, 1819) to acidified seawater at different levels of biological organization. Our results revealed that OA did not cause a significant reduction in survival and shell growth performance, indicating that T. squamosa juveniles are tolerated to moderate acidification. Yet, significantly reduced net calcification rate demonstrated the calcifying physiology sensitivity to OA, in line with significant declines in symbiont photosynthetic yield and zooxanthellae density which in turn lowered the amount of energy supply for energetically expensive calcification processes. Subsequent transcriptome sequencing and comparative analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed that the regulation of calcification processes, such as transport of calcification substrates, acid-base regulation, synthesis of organic matrix in the calcifying fluid, as well as metabolic depression were the major response to OA. Taken together, the integration of physiological and molecular responses can provide a comprehensive understanding of how the early life history stages of giant clams respond to OA and make an important leap forward in assessing their fate under future ocean conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology, Hainan Sanya Marine Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanya Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Yinyin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology, Hainan Sanya Marine Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanya Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Yanpin Qin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology, Hainan Sanya Marine Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanya Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Jinkuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology, Hainan Sanya Marine Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanya Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Pengyang Shigong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology, Hainan Sanya Marine Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanya Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Haitao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology, Hainan Sanya Marine Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanya Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Yunqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology, Hainan Sanya Marine Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanya Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Xiangcheng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology, Hainan Sanya Marine Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanya Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Liqiang Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yuehuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology, Hainan Sanya Marine Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanya Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572024, China.
| | - Ziniu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology, Hainan Sanya Marine Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanya Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572024, China.
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3
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Herrera M, Liew YJ, Venn A, Tambutté E, Zoccola D, Tambutté S, Cui G, Aranda M. New Insights From Transcriptomic Data Reveal Differential Effects of CO 2 Acidification Stress on Photosynthesis of an Endosymbiotic Dinoflagellate in hospite. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:666510. [PMID: 34349734 PMCID: PMC8326563 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.666510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) has both detrimental as well as beneficial effects on marine life; it negatively affects calcifiers while enhancing the productivity of photosynthetic organisms. To date, many studies have focused on the impacts of OA on calcification in reef-building corals, a process particularly susceptible to acidification. However, little is known about the effects of OA on their photosynthetic algal partners, with some studies suggesting potential benefits for symbiont productivity. Here, we investigated the transcriptomic response of the endosymbiont Symbiodinium microadriaticum (CCMP2467) in the Red Sea coral Stylophora pistillata subjected to different long-term (2 years) OA treatments (pH 8.0, 7.8, 7.4, 7.2). Transcriptomic analyses revealed that symbionts from corals under lower pH treatments responded to acidification by increasing the expression of genes related to photosynthesis and carbon-concentrating mechanisms. These processes were mostly up-regulated and associated metabolic pathways were significantly enriched, suggesting an overall positive effect of OA on the expression of photosynthesis-related genes. To test this conclusion on a physiological level, we analyzed the symbiont’s photochemical performance across treatments. However, in contrast to the beneficial effects suggested by the observed gene expression changes, we found significant impairment of photosynthesis with increasing pCO2. Collectively, our data suggest that over-expression of photosynthesis-related genes is not a beneficial effect of OA but rather an acclimation response of the holobiont to different water chemistries. Our study highlights the complex effects of ocean acidification on these symbiotic organisms and the role of the host in determining symbiont productivity and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Herrera
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yi Jin Liew
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexander Venn
- Marine Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Eric Tambutté
- Marine Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Didier Zoccola
- Marine Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Sylvie Tambutté
- Marine Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Guoxin Cui
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manuel Aranda
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Chan WY, Chung J, Peplow LM, Hoffmann AA, van Oppen MJH. Maternal effects in gene expression of interspecific coral hybrids. Mol Ecol 2020; 30:517-527. [PMID: 33179328 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Maternal effects have been well documented for offspring morphology and life history traits in plants and terrestrial animals, yet little is known about maternal effects in corals. Further, few studies have explored maternal effects in gene expression. In a previous study, F1 interspecific hybrid and purebred larvae of the coral species Acropora tenuis and Acropora loripes were settled and exposed to ambient or elevated temperature and pCO2 conditions for 7 months. At this stage, the hybrid coral recruits from both ocean conditions exhibited strong maternal effects in several fitness traits. We conducted RNA-sequencing on these corals and showed that gene expression of the hybrid Acropora also exhibited clear maternal effects. Only 40 genes were differentially expressed between hybrids and their maternal progenitor. In contrast, ~2000 differentially expressed genes were observed between hybrids and their paternal progenitors, and between the reciprocal F1 hybrids. These results indicate that maternal effects in coral gene expression can be long-lasting. Unlike findings from most short-term stress experiments in corals, no genes were differentially expressed in the hybrid nor purebred offspring after seven months of exposure to elevated temperature and pCO2 conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing Yan Chan
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia.,School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jessica Chung
- Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Melbourne Bioinformatics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lesa M Peplow
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Madeleine J H van Oppen
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia.,School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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5
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Glazier A, Herrera S, Weinnig A, Kurman M, Gómez CE, Cordes E. Regulation of ion transport and energy metabolism enables certain coral genotypes to maintain calcification under experimental ocean acidification. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:1657-1673. [PMID: 32286706 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cold-water corals (CWCs) are important foundation species in the world's largest ecosystem, the deep sea. They support a rich faunal diversity but are threatened by climate change and increased ocean acidification. As part of this study, fragments from three genetically distinct Lophelia pertusa colonies were subjected to ambient pH (pH = 7.9) and low pH (pH = 7.6) for six months. RNA was sampled at two, 4.5, and 8.5 weeks and sequenced. The colony from which the fragments were sampled explained most of the variance in expression patterns, but a general pattern emerged where upregulation of ion transport, required to maintain normal function and calcification, was coincident with lowered expression of genes involved in metabolic processes; RNA regulation and processing in particular. Furthermore, there was no differential expression of carbonic anhydrase detected in any analyses, which agrees with a previously described lack of response in enzyme activity in the same corals. However, one colony was able to maintain calcification longer than the other colonies when exposed to low pH and showed increased expression of ion transport genes including proton transport and expression of genes associated with formation of microtubules and the organic matrix, suggesting that certain genotypes may be better equipped to cope with ocean acidification in the future. While these genotypes exist in the contemporary gene pool, further stresses would reduce the genetic variability of the species, which would have repercussions for the maintenance of existing populations and the ecosystem as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Glazier
- Biology Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Santiago Herrera
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Alexis Weinnig
- Biology Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Melissa Kurman
- Biology Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,First Hand, University City Science Center Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carlos E Gómez
- Biology Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Erik Cordes
- Biology Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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6
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Strader ME, Wong JM, Hofmann GE. Ocean acidification promotes broad transcriptomic responses in marine metazoans: a literature survey. Front Zool 2020; 17:7. [PMID: 32095155 PMCID: PMC7027112 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-020-0350-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
For nearly a decade, the metazoan-focused research community has explored the impacts of ocean acidification (OA) on marine animals, noting that changes in ocean chemistry can impact calcification, metabolism, acid-base regulation, stress response and behavior in organisms that hold high ecological and economic value. Because OA interacts with several key physiological processes in marine organisms, transcriptomics has become a widely-used method to characterize whole organism responses on a molecular level as well as inform mechanisms that explain changes in phenotypes observed in response to OA. In the past decade, there has been a notable rise in studies that examine transcriptomic responses to OA in marine metazoans, and here we attempt to summarize key findings across these studies. We find that organisms vary dramatically in their transcriptomic responses to pH although common patterns are often observed, including shifts in acid-base ion regulation, metabolic processes, calcification and stress response mechanisms. We also see a rise in transcriptomic studies examining organismal response to OA in a multi-stressor context, often reporting synergistic effects of OA and temperature. In addition, there is an increase in studies that use transcriptomics to examine the evolutionary potential of organisms to adapt to OA conditions in the future through population and transgenerational experiments. Overall, the literature reveals complex organismal responses to OA, in which some organisms will face more dramatic consequences than others. This will have wide-reaching impacts on ocean communities and ecosystems as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie E Strader
- 1Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.,2Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Juliet M Wong
- 1Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.,3Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, North Miami, FL 33181 USA
| | - Gretchen E Hofmann
- 1Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
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7
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Bernardet C, Tambutté E, Techer N, Tambutté S, Venn AA. Ion transporter gene expression is linked to the thermal sensitivity of calcification in the reef coral Stylophora pistillata. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18676. [PMID: 31822787 PMCID: PMC6904480 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54814-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Coral calcification underpins biodiverse reef ecosystems, but the physiology underlying the thermal sensitivity of corals to changing seawater temperatures remains unclear. Furthermore, light is also a key factor in modulating calcification rates, but a mechanistic understanding of how light interacts with temperature to affect coral calcification is lacking. Here, we characterized the thermal performance curve (TPC) of calcification of the wide-spread, model coral species Stylophora pistillata, and used gene expression analysis to investigate the role of ion transport mechanisms in thermally-driven declines in day and nighttime calcification. Focusing on genes linked to transport of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), calcium and H+, our study reveals a high degree of coherence between physiological responses (e.g. calcification and respiration) with distinct gene expression patterns to the different temperatures in day and night conditions. At low temperatures, calcification and gene expression linked to DIC transport processes were downregulated, but showed little response to light. By contrast, at elevated temperature, light had a positive effect on calcification and stimulated a more functionally diverse gene expression response of ion transporters. Overall, our findings highlight the role of mechanisms linked to DIC, calcium and H+ transport in the thermal sensitivity of coral calcification and how this sensitivity is influenced by light.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bernardet
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Marine Biology Department, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco, 98000, Monaco
- Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - E Tambutté
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Marine Biology Department, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco, 98000, Monaco
| | | | - S Tambutté
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Marine Biology Department, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco, 98000, Monaco
| | - A A Venn
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Marine Biology Department, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco, 98000, Monaco.
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8
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Fonseca JDS, Marangoni LFDB, Marques JA, Bianchini A. Carbonic anhydrase activity as a potential biomarker for acute exposure to copper in corals. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 227:598-605. [PMID: 31009866 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Coral reefs are subjected to climate change and are severely impacted by human activities, with copper (Cu) being a relevant physiological stressor for corals at local scale. The ecological relevance of parameters measured at biochemical or cellular level is now considered an extremely important feature in environmental studies, and can be used as early warning signs of environmental degradation. In this context, the effects of acute exposure (96 h) to Cu were assessed on the maximum photochemical efficiency of zooxanthellae (Fv/Fm) and on the activity of key enzymes [carbonic anhydrase (CA) and Ca-ATPase] involved in coral physiology using the scleractinian coral Mussismilia harttii as a biological model. Corals were exposed to different concentrations of dissolved Cu (4.6-19.4 μg/L) using two different experimental approaches: a laboratory closed system and a marine mesocosm system. Fv/Fm values and Ca - ATPase activity were not affect by exposure to Cu in any of the exposure systems. However, a significant reduction in CA activity was observed in corals exposed to 11.9 and 19.4 μg Cu/L in the laboratory and at all concentrations of Cu tested in the mesocosm system (4.6, 6.0 and 8.5 μg/L). Based on the sensitivity of this enzyme to the short period of exposure to sublethal concentrations of Cu in both experimental approaches, the present study suggests the use of CA activity as a potential biomarker to be used in biomarker-based environmental monitoring programs in coral reefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana da Silva Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Laura Fernandes de Barros Marangoni
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil; Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, 45807-000, Brazil
| | - Joseane Aparecida Marques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil; Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, 45807-000, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, 45807-000, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
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9
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Yuan X, Huang H, Zhou W, Guo Y, Yuan T, Liu S. Gene Expression Profiles of Two Coral Species with Varied Resistance to Ocean Acidification. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 21:151-160. [PMID: 30612219 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-018-9864-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that various corals might have different degrees of resistance to elevated CO2 levels. However, the underlying molecular mechanism accounting for these differences is still poorly understood. In this study, RNA-seq data were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes in two coral species (Acropora austera and Acropora cerealis) in response to high CO2 levels. The calcification rates were higher in high CO2 treatment than the control in A. austera, but was not significantly different in A. cerealis. A KEGG database search revealed that in both coral species, most Ca2+ transporters were present in the calcium signaling pathway, which could be important in the CO2 regulation of coral calcification. The gene expression levels of many CO2 and HCO3- transporters were not affected by elevated CO2. Nevertheless, high CO2 levels did have an effect on the expression of certain Ca2+ transporters. The upregulation of Ca2+ transporters likely explained the higher resistance of A. austera to high CO2 than A. cerealis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangcheng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Hui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
- Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, China.
| | - Weihua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yajuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Equipment Public Service Center, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China
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10
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Huang Y, Yuan J, Zhang Y, Peng H, Liu L. Molecular cloning and characterization of calmodulin-like protein CaLP from the Scleractinian coral Galaxea astreata. Cell Stress Chaperones 2018; 23:1329-1335. [PMID: 30105591 PMCID: PMC6237685 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-018-0907-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimal temperature and light are both necessary conditions for coral survival. Light enhances calcification, and thermal stress disrupts Ca2+ homeostasis. As calcium is involved in many important metabolic activities, in this study, we cloned the calmodulin-like protein (CaLP) gene of one of the scleractinian corals, Galaxea astreata. We also detected the relative mRNA expression levels of gaCaLP using the calcium channel blocker verapamil and CaCl2 treatment under conditions of light and dark, and compared expression levels under controlled temperature conditions. Full-length gaCaLP cDNA comprised 1290 nucleotides and contained 498 bp open reading frame that encoded a protein with 165 amino acids. With CaCl2, expression levels of gaCaLP only increased in the presence of light, suggesting that light may be a restrictive factor in CaLP expression when sufficient calcium is available in the environment. In addition, after verapami treatment, we noted that a down regulation of gaCaLP, suggesting that the expression of CaLP is closely related to extracellular Ca2+ influx. Under temperature stress at both high (30 °C) and low (20 °C) temperatures, expression levels of gaCaLP showed an initial increase, followed by a decreasing trend as treatment progressed. Expression levels reached their maximum value at 24 h. This result showed that CaLP participated in a temperature stress response, and Ca2+ homeostasis was disrupted during stress. The findings of the present study will help determine the function and regulatory mechanisms of gaCaLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjia Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jigui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hiupai Peng
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
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11
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Yuan X, Yuan T, Huang H, Jiang L, Zhou W, Liu S. Elevated CO 2 delays the early development of scleractinian coral Acropora gemmifera. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2787. [PMID: 29434364 PMCID: PMC5809585 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21267-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of elevated CO2 on the early life stages of coral were investigated by culturing the pelagic larvae and new recruits of Acropora gemmifera at three concentrations of CO2 (corresponding to pH = 8.1, 7.8 and 7.5, respectively). Acidified seawater resulted in fewer A. gemmifera larvae settling, and led to the production of smaller new recruits by slowing the development of the skeleton. The delayed development of new recruits due to elevated CO2 was consistent with the downregulation of calcification related genes. Several genes related to HCO3- and Ca2+ transporters were downregulated by elevated CO2, with solute carriers (SLC) (membrane transport proteins) possibly playing an important role. The downregulation of these membrane transport proteins might suppress the transport of calcium, bicarbonate and organic matter, resulting in the delayed development of A. gemmifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangcheng Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Hui Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China. .,Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, China.
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Weihua Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China.,Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China
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12
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Kenkel CD, Moya A, Strahl J, Humphrey C, Bay LK. Functional genomic analysis of corals from natural CO 2 -seeps reveals core molecular responses involved in acclimatization to ocean acidification. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2018; 24:158-171. [PMID: 28727232 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the potential for acclimatization or adaptation of corals to ocean acidification and even less about the molecular mechanisms underpinning these processes. Here, we examine global gene expression patterns in corals and their intracellular algal symbionts from two replicate population pairs in Papua New Guinea that have undergone long-term acclimatization to natural variation in pCO2 . In the coral host, only 61 genes were differentially expressed in response to pCO2 environment, but the pattern of change was highly consistent between replicate populations, likely reflecting the core expression homeostasis response to ocean acidification. Functional annotations highlight lipid metabolism and a change in the stress response capacity of corals as key parts of this process. Specifically, constitutive downregulation of molecular chaperones was observed, which may impact response to combined climate change-related stressors. Elevated CO2 has been hypothesized to benefit photosynthetic organisms but expression changes of in hospite Symbiodinium in response to acidification were greater and less consistent among reef populations. This population-specific response suggests hosts may need to adapt not only to an acidified environment, but also to changes in their Symbiodinium populations that may not be consistent among environments, adding another challenging dimension to the physiological process of coping with climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly D Kenkel
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Qld, Australia
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aurelie Moya
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia
| | - Julia Strahl
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Qld, Australia
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Craig Humphrey
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Qld, Australia
| | - Line K Bay
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Qld, Australia
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13
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Rentzsch F, Technau U. Genomics and development of Nematostella vectensis and other anthozoans. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2016; 39:63-70. [PMID: 27318695 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2016.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to their rather simple body plan with only few organs and a low number of cell types, cnidarians have long been recognized as an important animal group for evolutionary comparisons of animal body plans. Recent studies have shown, however, that the genomes of cnidarians and their epigenetic and posttranscriptional regulation are more complex than their morphology might suggest. How these complex genomes are deployed during embryonic development is an open question. With a focus on the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis we describe new findings about the development of the nervous system from neural progenitor cells and how Wnt and BMP signalling control axial patterning. These studies show that beyond evolutionary comparisons, cnidarian model organisms can provide new insights into generic questions in developmental biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Rentzsch
- Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgt 55, 5008 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ulrich Technau
- Department of Molecular Evolution and Development, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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14
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Coral Carbonic Anhydrases: Regulation by Ocean Acidification. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:md14060109. [PMID: 27271641 PMCID: PMC4926068 DOI: 10.3390/md14060109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Global change is a major threat to the oceans, as it implies temperature increase and acidification. Ocean acidification (OA) involving decreasing pH and changes in seawater carbonate chemistry challenges the capacity of corals to form their skeletons. Despite the large number of studies that have investigated how rates of calcification respond to ocean acidification scenarios, comparatively few studies tackle how ocean acidification impacts the physiological mechanisms that drive calcification itself. The aim of our paper was to determine how the carbonic anhydrases, which play a major role in calcification, are potentially regulated by ocean acidification. For this we measured the effect of pH on enzyme activity of two carbonic anhydrase isoforms that have been previously characterized in the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata. In addition we looked at gene expression of these enzymes in vivo. For both isoforms, our results show (1) a change in gene expression under OA (2) an effect of OA and temperature on carbonic anhydrase activity. We suggest that temperature increase could counterbalance the effect of OA on enzyme activity. Finally we point out that caution must, thus, be taken when interpreting transcriptomic data on carbonic anhydrases in ocean acidification and temperature stress experiments, as the effect of these stressors on the physiological function of CA will depend both on gene expression and enzyme activity.
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15
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Lutz A, Raina JB, Motti CA, Miller DJ, van Oppen MJH. Host Coenzyme Q Redox State Is an Early Biomarker of Thermal Stress in the Coral Acropora millepora. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139290. [PMID: 26426118 PMCID: PMC4591267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bleaching episodes caused by increasing seawater temperatures may induce mass coral mortality and are regarded as one of the biggest threats to coral reef ecosystems worldwide. The current consensus is that this phenomenon results from enhanced production of harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) that disrupt the symbiosis between corals and their endosymbiotic dinoflagellates, Symbiodinium. Here, the responses of two important antioxidant defence components, the host coenzyme Q (CoQ) and symbiont plastoquinone (PQ) pools, are investigated for the first time in colonies of the scleractinian coral, Acropora millepora, during experimentally-induced bleaching under ecologically relevant conditions. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to quantify the states of these two pools, together with physiological parameters assessing the general state of the symbiosis (including photosystem II photochemical efficiency, chlorophyll concentration and Symbiodinium cell densities). The results show that the responses of the two antioxidant systems occur on different timescales: (i) the redox state of the Symbiodinium PQ pool remained stable until twelve days into the experiment, after which there was an abrupt oxidative shift; (ii) by contrast, an oxidative shift of approximately 10% had occurred in the host CoQ pool after 6 days of thermal stress, prior to significant changes in any other physiological parameter measured. Host CoQ pool oxidation is thus an early biomarker of thermal stress in corals, and this antioxidant pool is likely to play a key role in quenching thermally-induced ROS in the coral-algal symbiosis. This study adds to a growing body of work that indicates host cellular responses may precede the bleaching process and symbiont dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Lutz
- AIMS@JCU, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Comparative Genomics Centre and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Jean-Baptiste Raina
- AIMS@JCU, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Cherie A. Motti
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - David J. Miller
- Comparative Genomics Centre and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Madeleine J. H. van Oppen
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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