1
|
Moura VL, de Lacerda LD. Mercury Sources, Emissions, Distribution and Bioavailability along an Estuarine Gradient under Semiarid Conditions in Northeast Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:17092. [PMID: 36554971 PMCID: PMC9779009 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192417092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the semiarid coast of northeast Brazil, climate change and changes in land use in drainage basins affect river hydrodynamics and hydrochemistry, modifying the estuarine environment and its biogeochemistry and increasing the mobilization of mercury (Hg). This is particularly relevant to the largest semiarid-encroached basin of the region, the Jaguaribe River. Major Hg sources to the Jaguaribe estuary are solid waste disposal, sewage and shrimp farming, the latter emitting effluents directly into the estuary. Total annual emission reaches 300 kg. In that estuary, the distribution of Hg in sediment and suspended particulate matter decreases seaward, whereas dissolved Hg concentrations increase sharply seaward, suggesting higher mobilization at the marine-influenced, mangrove-dominated portion of the estuary, mostly in the dry season. Concentrations of Hg in rooted macrophytes respond to Hg concentrations in sediment, being higher in the fluvial endmember of the estuary, whereas in floating aquatic macrophytes, Hg concentrations followed dissolved Hg concentrations in water and were also higher in the dry season. Animals (fish and crustaceans) also showed higher concentrations and bioaccumulation in the marine-influenced portion of the estuary. The variability of Hg concentrations in plants and sediments agrees with continental sources of Hg. However, Hg fractionation in water and contents in the animals respond to higher Hg availability in the marine-dominated end of the estuary. The results suggest that the impact of anthropogenic sources on Hg bioavailability is modulated by regional and global environmental changes and results from a conjunction of biological, ecological and hydrological characteristics. Finally, increasing aridity due to global warming, observed in northeast Brazil, as well as in other semiarid littorals worldwide, in addition to increased water overuse, augment Hg bioavailability and environmental risk and exposure of the local biota and the tradition of human populations exploiting the estuary's biological resources.
Collapse
|
2
|
Mei K, Wu G, Liu J, Hong H, Lu H, Yan C. Dynamics of low-molecular-weight organic acids for the extraction and sequestration of arsenic species and heavy metals using mangrove sediments. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131820. [PMID: 34416592 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mangrove wetlands are subjected to pollution due to anthropogenic activities. Mangrove fitness is mainly determined by root exudates and microorganisms activities belowground, but the mechanisms are not yet well known. Rhizospheric interactions among mangrove sediments, microorganisms and root exudates were simulated. In particular, low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOA), were examined to explore the metal(loid)s rhizospheric dynamics via batch experiments. Using a combination of comparative sterilised and unsterilised sediments, LMWOA extracts and sediments constituents were examined. Factors such as the solution pH, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), arsenic and iron species and metal(loid)s in the aqueous phase were evaluated. The results show that on an average, the As decreased by 68.3 % and 42.1 % under citric and malic acid treatments, respectively, after sterilisation. In contrast, the As content increased by 29.6 % under oxalic acid treatment. Microorganisms probably facilitate sediment As release in the presence of citric and malic acids but suppress As mobilisation in the presence of oxalic acid. Fe, Mn and Al were significantly (p < 0.05) positively correlated with the trace metal(loid)s (Zn, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cr, Co, Ba, Cd and As). The solution pH was negatively correlated with the solution As. Both DOC and pH reach the peaks at the end of all treatments. The As absorption-desorption dynamics are closely linked to proton consumption, Fe-Mn-Al sedimentation of ageing performance and organic ligand complexation. The study provides an insight into the rhizospheric processes of microbial involvement and gives an enlightening understanding of the metal(loid)s redeployment for plant adaptation in mangrove wetlands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Guirong Wu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hezhou University, Hezhou, 542899, China
| | - Jingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Hualong Hong
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Haoliang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Chongling Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Paul V, Sankar MS, Vattikuti S, Dash P, Arslan Z. Pollution assessment and land use land cover influence on trace metal distribution in sediments from five aquatic systems in southern USA. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128243. [PMID: 33297190 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements and heavy metals concentrate in aquatic sediments, potentially endangering benthic organisms. Comparing the concentration of metals in different aquatic bodies will help evaluate their accumulation and distribution characteristics within these systems. Metal pollution and enrichment indices in sediments from diverse aquatic systems in Southern USA, including agricultural ponds, man-made reservoir, river, swamp, and coastal environment were investigated. Following total digestion of the sediments, the concentrations of chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), cadmium (Cd), antimony (Sb), lead (Pb), and uranium (U) were measured using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Pb was found to be highly enriched in the sediment samples from all five environments. The samples from coastal and agricultural ponds showed highest degree of anthropogenic modification (enrichment factor >10), especially with Se, U, and Pb. Agricultural ponds, previously unknown as a metal hotspot, had the most deteriorated sediment quality as determined by high pollution load index (>1) and contamination factor (>6) for Cd and U. Principal component analysis comparing land use land cover distribution surrounding the aquatic systems to metal concentrations confirmed that agriculture-related land activities correlated well with majority of the metals. Overall, compared to agricultural ponds and coastal regions, sediments in river, swamp and man-made reservoir systems contained relatively fewer metal pollutants, the former two serving as collection points for metal-laden fertilizers and chemicals. The research provides key insights into simultaneously comparing metal accumulation in multiple water bodies and is useful to test and develop effective sediment quality guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varun Paul
- Department of Geosciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA.
| | - M S Sankar
- Department of Geosciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA; Geosystems Research Institute, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Shannon Vattikuti
- Department of Geosciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Padmanava Dash
- Department of Geosciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Zikri Arslan
- U.S. Geological Survey, MS 973, Federal Center, Denver, CO, 80225, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Choi JY, Jeong H, Choi KY, Hong GH, Yang DB, Kim K, Ra K. Source identification and implications of heavy metals in urban roads for the coastal pollution in a beach town, Busan, Korea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 161:111724. [PMID: 33065397 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals in the sediments of urban roads (RDS), storm drains (SDS), and marine areas (MS) were investigated to assess road pollution in a beach town adjacent to the coast in Busan and identify their relationships with the marine environment. RDS were considerably polluted with Zn, Cu, Cr, and Pb, with mean concentrations of 1090, 178, 171, and 199 mg/kg, respectively. MS were severely contaminated with Zn and Cu, exceeding the effects range median (ERM; Cu = 270, Zn = 410 mg/kg). PCA and HCA identified tire and brake wear in RDS as the major sources of Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cd, and that high levels of Zn, Cu, and Pb in RDS originating from traffic activities contaminated MS through the urban storm drain system. The results suggested that traffic-originated metals in RDS are potential pollutants in coastal environments, and further studies on their fate and management should be conducted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Choi
- Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeryeong Jeong
- Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science (Oceanography), KIOST School, University of Science and 10 Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Young Choi
- Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Hoon Hong
- Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Beom Yang
- Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungrean Kim
- Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science (Oceanography), KIOST School, University of Science and 10 Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Kongtae Ra
- Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science (Oceanography), KIOST School, University of Science and 10 Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li G, Li Q, Wang L, Chen G, Zhang D. Subcellular distribution, chemical forms, and physiological response to cadmium stress in Hydrilla verticillata. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 21:230-239. [PMID: 30648426 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2018.1524830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the subcellular distribution and chemical forms of cadmium (Cd) in Hydrilla verticillata and the physiological mechanism underlying H. verticillata responses to Cd stress. Hydrilla verticillata was grown in a hydroponic system and was treated with various Cd concentrations (0, 10, 50, 100, 125, and 150 µM) for 7 days. Cadmium analysis of the leaves at the subcellular level showed that Cd was mainly stored in the soluble fraction (77.98-83.62%) and in smaller quantities in the cell wall fraction (11.99-17.30%) and the cell organelles (4.30-4.88%). The Cd taken up by H. verticillata was in different chemical forms. In the leaves and stems, the Cd was mostly extracted using 1 M NaCl and smaller amounts of Cd were extracted using 2% acetic acid. The malondialdehyde content significantly increased at all Cd concentrations, which indicated oxidative stress. The superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase, and catalase activities were enhanced. The proline, ascorbate, and glutathione contents increased at lower Cd concentrations, but decreased consistently as the Cd concentration rose. These results suggest that H. verticillata can be successfully used in the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoxin Li
- a College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering , Xiamen University of Technology , Xiamen , China
| | - Qingsong Li
- a College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering , Xiamen University of Technology , Xiamen , China
| | - Lei Wang
- a College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering , Xiamen University of Technology , Xiamen , China
| | - Guoyuan Chen
- a College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering , Xiamen University of Technology , Xiamen , China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- b Institute of Urban Environment , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xiamen , China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Song Y, Zhang LL, Li J, He XJ, Chen M, Deng Y. High-potential accumulation and tolerance in the submerged hydrophyte Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle for nickel-contaminated water. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 161:553-562. [PMID: 29929131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Water contamination by nickel (Ni) has become an increasing concern in recent decades. Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle has been recognized as a promising accumulator of several potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in phytoremediation, but its Ni-accumulation characteristics and its mechanisms of tolerance to Ni remain largely unknown. This research investigated the biochemical responses of leaves and stems of H. verticillata to various concentrations of Ni (5, 10, 15, 20, and 40 μM) over periods of 7, 14, or 21 days. Plants accumulated considerable Ni to a maximum amount of 1080 mg kg-1 dry weight (DW) with a maximum bioconcentration factor of 1100; thus, high Ni accumulation was detected in H. verticillata. Low concentrations (5-15 μM) or short durations (less than 14 days) of Ni exposure might promote plant growth without adversely affecting normal metabolism. After peaking at day 14, a decline in bioaccumulation was unexpectedly observed as a long-term effect of Ni toxicity. Malondialdehyde content and the activities of defense-related enzymes changed in a similar pattern after treatment with Ni, increasing with both Ni concentration and exposure time to a peak (often at 5-15 μM on day 14), followed by a decline. Through a comprehensive analysis of all the test parameters, the tolerance thresholds were determined to be > 40.0 μM, 24.0 μM, and 15.8 μM at days 7, 14, and 21, respectively. Hydrilla verticillata could be a "high-potential accumulator" capable of decontaminating aquatic bodies polluted by Ni within the threshold range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Institute of Ecology and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling-Lei Zhang
- Institute of Ecology and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jia Li
- Institute of Ecology and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Jia He
- Institute of Ecology and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Chen
- Institute of Ecology and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yun Deng
- Institute of Ecology and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Reiman JH, Xu YJ, He S, DelDuco EM. Metals geochemistry and mass export from the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River system to the Northern Gulf of Mexico. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 205:559-569. [PMID: 29709807 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Discharging 680 km3 of freshwater annually to the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM), the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River System (MARS) plays a significant role in transporting major and trace elements to the ocean. In this study, we analyzed total recoverable concentrations of thirty-one metals from water samples collected at five locations along the MARS during 2013-2016 to quantify their seasonal mass exports. The Atchafalaya River flows through a large swamp floodplain, allowing us to also test the hypothesis that floodplains function as a sink for metals. We found that the seven major elements (Ca, Na, Mg, Si, K, Al, and Fe) constituted 99% of the total annual mass load of metals (7.38 × 107 tons) from the MARS. Higher concentrations of Al, Ba, B, Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ag, and Ti were found in the Mississippi River, while significantly higher Si and Na concentrations were found in the Atchafalaya River. Significant relationships were found between daily discharge and daily loads of Ba, Ca, Fe, K, Sr, and Ti in both rivers, while significant relationships were also found for Al, Mg, Mn, V, and Zn in the Atchafalaya River and B in the Mississippi River. Overall, the Mississippi River contributed 64-76% of the total annual loading of metals from the MARS to the NGOM. Daily loads of Al, Ba, B, Fe, Li, Mn, P, K, Si, Ag, Ti, V, and Zn regularly decreased upstream to downstream in the Atchafalaya River, partially accepting the initial hypothesis on metals transport in river floodplains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy H Reiman
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Renewable Natural Resources Building Room 220, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Y Jun Xu
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Renewable Natural Resources Building Room 220, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA; Coastal Studies Institute, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
| | - Songjie He
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Renewable Natural Resources Building Room 220, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Emily M DelDuco
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Renewable Natural Resources Building Room 220, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li R, Chai M, Li R, Xu H, He B, Qiu GY. Influence of introduced Sonneratia apetala on nutrients and heavy metals in intertidal sediments, South China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:2914-2927. [PMID: 27844317 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7885-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the influence of Sonneratia apetala on nutrients and heavy metals in intertidal sediments, sediment cores of S. apetala marsh and mudflat in Shenzhen Bay, China were analyzed. The results showed that S. apetala improved sediment nutrient properties due to increased total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), and total sulfur (TS). The levels of heavy metals were higher in S. apetala site than in mudflat, including chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg). In S. apetala site, TC, TN, and TS were not positively correlated with Cr, Ni, As, Cd, and Pb, indicating their less important roles in trapping heavy metals. There were positive correlations among Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd in both sites, suggesting similar anthropogenic source. Levels of As were higher than the probable effect level at both sites, indicating their toxicological importance. The geo-accumulation index and potential ecological risk index revealed higher metal contaminations in S. apetala site, especially for Cd, Hg, and As. Multivariate analysis implied that S. apetala alter the biogeochemical cycle of Cd and Cr to a certain extent. These findings indicate that S. apetala may improve soil nutrient properties and facilitate heavy metal accumulation in intertidal sediments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruili Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Minwei Chai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Rongyu Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hualin Xu
- Guangdong Neilingding Futian National Nature Reserve, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Bei He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Guo Yu Qiu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jeong H, Kim KT, Kim ES, Ra K, Lee SY. Sediment Quality Assessment for Heavy Metals in Streams Around the Shihwa Lake. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.7846/jkosmee.2016.19.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
10
|
Kravtsova AV, Milchakova NA, Frontasyeva MV. Levels, spatial variation and compartmentalization of trace elements in brown algae Cystoseira from marine protected areas of Crimea (Black Sea). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 97:548-554. [PMID: 25778547 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Levels of Al, Sc, V, Co, Ni, As, Br, Rb, Sr, Ag, Sb, I, Cs, Ba, Th and U that were rarely or never studied, as well as the concentrations of classically investigated Mn, Fe and Zn in brown algae Cystoseira barbata C. Ag. and Cystoseira crinita (Desf.) Bory from the coastal waters of marine protected areas (Crimea, Black Sea), were determined using neutron activation analysis. Spatial variation and compartmentalization were studied for all 19 trace elements (TE). Concentrations of most TE were higher in "branches" than in "stems". Spatial variations of V, Co, Ni and Zn can be related to anthropogenic activities while Al, Sc, Fe, Rb, Cs, Th and U varied depending on chemical peculiarities of the coastal zone rocks. TE concentrations in C. crinita from marine protected areas near Tarkhankut peninsula and Cape Fiolent, identified as the most clean water areas, are submitted as the background concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra V Kravtsova
- Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, 299011 Sevastopol, Russia(1); Department of Neutron Activation Analysis and Applied Research, Division of Nuclear Physics, Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia.
| | | | - Marina V Frontasyeva
- Department of Neutron Activation Analysis and Applied Research, Division of Nuclear Physics, Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| |
Collapse
|