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Ni J, Liu SS, Xu GB, Ji X, He Z, Yang GP. Photothermal conditions and upwelling enhance very short-lived brominated halocarbons emissions in the western tropical Pacific Ocean. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 932:173035. [PMID: 38719031 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Sea-to-air emissions of very short-lived brominated halocarbons (VSLBrHs) are known to contribute to 30 % of stratospheric and tropospheric ozone depletion. However, empirical data on their occurrence in open ocean are scarce, which makes it difficult to estimate the significant contribution of open ocean releases to the global budget of halocarbons. This study was conducted in 2022 to explore the spatial variations of VSLBrHs and their controlling factors in the western tropical Pacific Ocean (WTPO). The findings highlighted that high biological productivity and the resulting dissolved organic matter (DOM) as well as upwelling dynamics significantly influenced the distribution and production of VSLBrHs in seawater, with atmospheric levels primarily governed by oceanic emissions. Based on the simultaneous observation of seawater and atmospheric concentrations, the mean sea-to-air fluxes of CH2Br2, CHBr3, CHBrCl2, and CHBr2Cl were estimated to be 1.01, 6.65, 9.31, and 7.25 nmol m-2 d-1, respectively. Sea-to-air fluxes of these gases in the upwelling regions were 9.0, 4.6, 2.9, and 6.8 times those in the non-upwelling regions, respectively. Additionally, in-situ incubation experiments revealed that the enzymatic mediated biosynthesis pathways of VSLBrHs were enhanced under temperature and light-induced stress and in waters rich in humus-like substances. Therefore, we tentatively concluded that abundant photothermal conditions and the existence of upwelling in the WTPO made it a potential hotspot for the emission of VSLBrHs. This study offers critical insights into the environmental dynamics of VSLBrHs emissions and underscores the importance of regional oceanic conditions in influencing atmospheric greenhouse gas compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ni
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Shan-Shan Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Gao-Bin Xu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xuan Ji
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Zhen He
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Gui-Peng Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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Li L, Bai G, Han H, Wu Y, Xie S, Xie W. Localized biogenic volatile organic compound emission inventory in China: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 353:120121. [PMID: 38281423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the precursors of forming ozone (O3) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Accurate estimates of biogenic VOC (BVOC) emissions is essential for understanding the formation mechanism of O3 and PM2.5 pollution and precise reduction on anthropogenic emissions and thereby mitigating O3 and PM2.5 pollution. To gain comprehensive knowledge of BVOC emissions and improve the accuracy of their estimation, this study reviewed localized national, regional, and municipal emission estimations in China. From their comparisons, BVOC emission characteristics and deficiencies in the inventory compilation methodology were also investigated. The estimated BVOC emissions in China ranged between 10 and 58.9 Tg yr-1 and 10.9-18.9 Tg C yr-1, with diverse contributions for different BVOC categories. The simulated historical and future BVOC emissions exhibited an increasing trend. The uncertainty of the BVOC estimates was mainly from the applications of incomplete emission models, less localized accurate emission factors, deficient vegetation cover information, and low-resolution meteorological data in the inventory compilation. The regional and municipal BVOC emission inventories mainly focused on the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Pearl River Delta, Sichuan Basin, and Yangtze River Delta regions, as well as the cities therein. For the same area, different studies reported diverse BVOC emissions by a maximum of two orders of magnitude. There is usually a lack of basic data with more detailed investigations and higher precision for estimation of BVOC emissions. By summarizing the measurements on terrestrial and marine BVOC emission fluxes, they are mainly focused on the Guangdong, Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces, and Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea, respectively. Expanding the temporal and spatial scales of observations is encouraged to enhance our understanding on the emissions and improve the emission estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Li
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Guangkun Bai
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Huijuan Han
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yan Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Shaodong Xie
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenxia Xie
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Zhao D, Yang Y, Tham YJ, Zou S. Emission of marine volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by phytoplankton- a review. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 191:106177. [PMID: 37741052 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Oceans cover over 71% of the Earth's surface and play crucial roles in regulating the global climate. In the marine boundary layer, the levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been shown to have positive relations with the marine algal biomass, indicating that the marine biological activities can be an important biogenic VOCs (BVOCs) source. The emitted BVOCs will enhance the formation of secondary organic aerosols, and perturb the radiative forcing, which ultimately affects the climate. To date, knowledge on the emission processes (i.e., synthesis processes and emission rates) of BVOCs from marine phytoplankton is still lacking compared to the more well-known BVOCs released from terrestrial plants. In this review, we focus on the BVOCs emissions from the marine phytoplankton. Based on the available literature from field and laboratory studies, we listed the types of BVOCs being emitted by different marine phytoplankton species, summarized the diversity of BVOCs related to phytoplankton taxonomy and physiology and abiotic factors affecting their emissions in various marine environments, and discussed the biosynthesis and ecological function of important marine VOCs such as DMS, terpenoids and VHCs from phytoplankton. Finally, we highlighted the existing gaps in the current knowledge and the needs of future study for better understanding the physiological and ecological roles of BVOCs emission from marine phytoplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danna Zhao
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, 519000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai, 519082, China; Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Zhuhai, 519082, China.
| | - Yee Jun Tham
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai, 519082, China; Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Shichun Zou
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, 519000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai, 519082, China; Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Zhuhai, 519082, China
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Wang S, Li Q, Duan K, Wang B, Zhu X, Wang X, Shen Y, Liu H, Ma Y. Profile of atmospheric VOC over the Yellow Sea, China: A tale of distribution, constraints, and sources. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 868:161634. [PMID: 36669669 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the winter of 2018-2019, 75 air samples were collected through four ship-borne measurements in the Yellow Sea (YS) to assess the levels, confinement processes, and source distribution of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). A total of 41 were eventually detected, which mainly were non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs), volatile halogenated hydrocarbons (VHCs), oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs), and volatile organic sulfur compounds (VSCs). Aromatics (31.93 %) and alkenes (11.04 %) in the atmosphere of the YS accounted for a larger proportion of NMHCs compared with the coastal areas. C3-C5 alkanes, propylene, and chloroform exhibited strong latitudinal gradients and opposite latitudinal distributions in the North and South YS, highlighting the strong contribution of regional outflow to YS's atmosphere. The level of Σ41VOCs increased significantly during the heavy pollution period with some chemical monomers detected, which was further enhanced by the emissions from industrial parks near the Liaodong Peninsula and the Shandong Peninsula. Five main VOC sources were identified by the Positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, which were industrial emissions (13.33 %), fuel use and volatilization (6.67 %), Freon R-22 emissions (33.33 %), oil and gas production (20.00 %), and solvent volatilization (26.67 %). These observations revealed the strong causal relationship between coastal air mass transport and the atmosphere in the marginal sea and emphasized that full attention should be paid to the unintentional and unorganized emission of chemical monomers in the industrial process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- Green Shipping and Carbon Neutrality Laboratory, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 116026, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qingbo Li
- Green Shipping and Carbon Neutrality Laboratory, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 116026, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Kuiquan Duan
- Green Shipping and Carbon Neutrality Laboratory, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 116026, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Baopeng Wang
- Green Shipping and Carbon Neutrality Laboratory, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 116026, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- Dalian Eco-environmental Affairs Service Center, 116026, No. 58 Lianshan Street, Shahekou District, Dalian, China
| | - Xuanya Wang
- China Academy of Transportation Science, 10029, No. 240, Huixinli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Shen
- Green Shipping and Carbon Neutrality Laboratory, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 116026, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Green Shipping and Carbon Neutrality Laboratory, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 116026, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ye Ma
- Green Shipping and Carbon Neutrality Laboratory, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 116026, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
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Zou Y, He Z, Liu C, Yang GP. Spatiotemporal distribution and environmental control factors of halocarbons in the Yangtze River Estuary and its adjacent marine area during autumn and spring. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 304:119244. [PMID: 35378200 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The oceanic production and release of volatile halocarbons (VHCs) to the atmosphere play a vital role in regulating the global climate. In this study, seasonal and spatial variations in VHCs, including trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11), methyl iodide (CH3I), dibromomethane (CH2Br2), and bromoform (CHBr3), and environmental parameters affecting their concentrations were characterized in the atmosphere and seawater of the Yangtze River Estuary and its adjacent marine area during two cruises from October 17 to October 26, 2019 and from May 12 to May 25, 2020. Significant seasonal variations were observed in the atmosphere and seawater because of seasonal differences in the prevalent monsoon, water mass (Yangtze River Diluted Water), and biogenic production. VHCs concentrations were positively correlated with Chl-a concentrations in the surface water during autumn. The average sea-to-air fluxes of CH3I, CH2Br2, and CHBr3 in autumn were 19.7, 4.0, and 7.6 nmol m-2 d-1, respectively, while those in spring were 6.3, 6.4, and -3.6 nmol m-2 d-1. In the ship-based incubation experiments, ocean acidification and dust deposition had no significant effects on VHCs concentrations. The concentrations of CH2Br2 and CHBr3 were significantly positively correlated with phytoplankton biomass under lower pH condition (M3: pH 7.9). This result indicated that CH2Br2 and CHBr3 concentrations were mainly related to the biological release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Zou
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, And Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Zhen He
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, And Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Chunying Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, And Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Gui-Peng Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, And Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
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6
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Lang X, Ni J, He Z. Effects of polystyrene microplastic on the growth and volatile halocarbons release of microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 174:113197. [PMID: 34875478 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Volatile halocarbons (VHCs) are trace greenhouse gases that can damage the ozone layer. Trihalomethanes are one of the most common VHCs and play an important role in global climate change. Due to their steadily increasing abundance, microplastics pollutants have attracted growing concern from scientists. However, their impacts on the growth of marine microalgae and the release of VHCs remain unknown. The influence of polystyrene microplastic (PS, 0.1 μm) at different concentrations (25-200 mg/L) on the growth of P. tricornutum and their release of trihalomethanes were studied over 96 h. The results showed that PS can inhibit P. tricornutum growth. At 200 mg/L PS, cell growth, chlorophyll a concentration and photosynthetic efficiency of P. tricornutum were inhibited by 53.53%, 25.45% and 12.50%, respectively. PS concentrations of 25-50 mg/L promoted the release of the three trihalomethanes by P. tricornutum during the 96 h culture as a response to oxidative stress. However, 100-200 mg/L PS severely altered the physiological state of the P. tricornutum cells after 48 h, which reduced the release of trihalomethanes. Our study also demonstrated that the production and release of trihalomethanes served as a protective mechanism against oxidative stress and the toxic effects caused by PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Lang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jie Ni
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Zhen He
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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7
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Yu Z, Li Y. Marine volatile organic compounds and their impacts on marine aerosol-A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 768:145054. [PMID: 33736323 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a vital role in the global carbon budget and in the regional formation of ozone in the troposphere, and are emitted from both natural and anthropogenic activities. They can also serve as a source of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). Field and model studies showed evidences of a strong marine biogenic influence on marine aerosols. Although knowledge of terrestrial VOC emissions and SOA formation mechanisms has been advanced considerably over the last decades, processes constraining marine VOC emissions and marine SOA formation remain poorly understood. Seawater contains an extremely complex, diverse, and largely unidentified mixture of VOCs. Despite the fact that the ocean covers 70% of the Earth's surface, the role of the ocean in the global budget of VOCs is still unclear. The distribution and emission of sea surface VOCs exhibit considerable spatial-temporal variation, with higher concentrations often, but not always, correlated with biological activities. VOCs in surface seawater have been measured in various geographic regions, however, knowledge of the distribution of marine VOCs and the role of the oceans in the global atmospheric chemistry is still insufficient due to the paucity of measurements. This study reviews marine VOCs in terms of current analytical methods, global marine VOCs measurements, their effects on SOA, and future needs for understanding the role of marine VOCs in the chemistry of the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujun Yu
- Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Center for Oceanic and Atmospheric Science at SUSTech (COAST), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
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Li Y, He Z, Yang GP, Zou Y. Spatial distribution and biogeochemical cycling of methyl iodide in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea during summer. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 276:116749. [PMID: 33639487 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Methyl iodide (CH3I) released from ocean is an important carrier of iodine, which plays an important role in ozone depletion in the atmosphere. Depletion of ozone has increased the amount of ultraviolet radiation that reaches the earth's surface and recent global warming has caused oceanic acidification as well as dust events, but how these environmental changes will affect CH3I concentration in the ocean is unclear. In this study, the spatial distributions and sources of CH3I in the atmosphere, seawater, and sediment porewater were measured in the Yellow Sea (YS) and the East China Sea (ECS) between June and July 2018. Higher concentrations in the atmosphere, seawater, and sediment were found in the YS than in the ECS, and surface seawater emissions were discovered to be the major contributors of atmospheric CH3I concentrations. Anthropogenic pollutants could explain significant spatial variation in the distribution of CH3I. High concentrations of CH3I in sediment porewater increased diffusion into bottom waters, with diffusive fluxes of 0.2-6.5 nmol m-2 d-1. Preliminary results during the in situ seawater incubation experiments showed that the photochemical production rate of CH3I ranged from 0.008 to 0.214 pmol L-1 h-1 under ultraviolet light, and an enhancement emission of CH3I from phytoplankton occurred with the addition of dust, while a reduction of CH3I appeared under lower pH conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, And Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Zhen He
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, And Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Gui-Peng Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, And Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Yawen Zou
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, And Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
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Han Y, He Z, Yang GP. Distributions of volatile halocarbons and impacts of ocean acidification on their production in coastal waters of China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 752:141756. [PMID: 32890825 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The volatile halocarbons (VHCs) CH3I, C2HCl3, C2Cl4, and CH2Br2 were measured in the Changjiang Estuary and adjacent waters during autumn 2018. Results revealed that their concentrations in coastal waters were influenced by anthropogenic activities, biological release, and complex hydrographic features. The vertical distributions of VHCs were determined mostly by the mixing of water masses. By investigating the impacts of temperature, salinity, chlorophyll a, nutrients, and pH on the distributions of these trace gases we revealed that C2HCl3 and C2Cl4 were positively correlated with salinity and nutrient availability. The sea-to-air fluxes of CH3I, C2HCl3, C2Cl4, and CH2Br2 were estimated to be 27.62, 280.3, 221.73, and 142.41 nmol m-2 day-1, respectively, suggesting that the study area was a net source of these trace gases. The impact of elevated fCO2 on the production of the four volatile halocarbons was studied using mesocosms in Wu Yuan Bay, Xiamen. The results showed that elevated fCO2 had little impact on the VHCs. Positive relationships were observed between CH2Br2 and phytoplankton biomass when fCO2 was low, and between CH3I and phytoplankton biomass when fCO2 was high, suggesting that algal release was a significant source of both compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Zhen He
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Gui-Peng Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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Li JL, Zhai X, Ma Z, Zhang HH, Yang GP. Spatial distributions and sea-to-air fluxes of non-methane hydrocarbons in the atmosphere and seawater of the Western Pacific Ocean. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 672:491-501. [PMID: 30965263 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
During an oceanographic campaign in the western Pacific Ocean from 12 August to 3 October 2014, the concentrations of five non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) were measured in marine atmosphere and seawater. The average mixing ratios of ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, and isoprene were 1.109 ± 0.359, 0.658 ± 0.137, 0.711 ± 0.377, 0.429 ± 0.139, and 0.255 ± 0.201 ppbv, respectively. In general, atmospheric concentrations of ethane and propane showed significant decrease from the inshore area to the open ocean, while ethylene and propylene exhibited decreasing trends from low latitudes to high latitudes. The results suggested that atmospheric ethane and propane with long lifetimes were more likely influenced by the air mass transported from continent, while ethylene, propylene and isoprene with short lifetimes were mainly derived from the surface seawater. The average concentrations of ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, and isoprene in the surface seawater were 6.6 ± 5.8, 51.9 ± 23.5, 15.4 ± 4.3, 17.2 ± 3.8, and 23.5 ± 8.6 pmol L-1, respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between ethane and propane (R2 = 0.45, n = 39, p < 0.001), implying that their production and removal pathways in the surface seawater were similar. High concentrations of isoprene were observed in the waters with high Chl-a values, suggesting that the biological process was a controlling factor. The estimated sea-to-air fluxes of ethane, propane, ethylene, propylene, and isoprene were in the range of 0.1-24.9, 4.2-235, 1.0-43.8, 1.5-90.2, and 2.1-149 nmol m-2 d-1, respectively. This study is of great importance to the contribution to the atmospheric NMHCs from the western Pacific Ocean and provides data supporting for global NMHCs emission estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Long Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xing Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Zhun Ma
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Hong-Hai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Gui-Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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High Temporal Resolution Monitoring of Suspended Matter Changes from GOCI Measurements in Lake Taihu. REMOTE SENSING 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/rs11080985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Tiaoxi River is the main source of water for Lake Taihu and can result in plumes in the lake after heavy precipitation events. These plumes have played a crucial role in the water quality changes within the lake. High temporal resolution GOCI (Geostationary Ocean Color Imager) data were used to study the spatial distribution of the total suspended matter concentration in Lake Taihu after heavy precipitation events in the Tiaoxi River Basin via an empirical model. The plumes were analyzed after two heavy precipitation events in 2011 and 2013 using 16 GOCI images, which indicated that the Tiaoxi River had a great influence on the spatial distributions of total suspended matter and algal blooms. It was concluded that the main factors affecting the plumes in the Tiaoxi River were precipitation intensity, runoff, and total suspended matter concentration. Human activity, such as sand excavation also played a crucial role in sediment discharge. The results of this study demonstrate that the visualization of GOCI data makes it possible to use remote sensing technology to continuously monitor an inland water environment on an hourly scale, which is of great significance for studying the diffusion and evolution of river plumes.
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12
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Yuan D, He Z, Yang GP. Spatiotemporal distributions of halocarbons in the marine boundary air and surface seawater of the Changjiang estuary and its adjacent East China Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 140:227-240. [PMID: 30803638 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Spatiotemporal distributions of volatile halogenated organic compounds (VHOCs) were investigated in the marine boundary air and surface seawater of the Changjiang (Yangtze River) estuary and its adjacent East China Sea in two cruises from March 11, 2015 to March 21, 2015 and from July 9, 2015 to July 20, 2015. Results revealed that the concentrations of released chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) such as CFC-12, CFC-11, and CFC-114 in China decreased, suggesting that limitations set by the Chinese government on CFCs production and consumption have taken effect. Atmospheric concentrations of CFCs were affected by local industrial sources of emission and transport of terrestrial pollutants from coastal areas to varying degrees. Seasonal variations in atmospheric VHOCs were probably due to seasonal differences in prevalent monsoon and biogenic production. In the study periods, the investigated area was an essential source of atmospheric CH3Br and CH3I but was a net sink of CFC-12, CFC-11, and CH3Cl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education / Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Environmental Monitoring Technology, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, No 7 Miaoling Road, 266061 Qingdao, China
| | - Zhen He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education / Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Gui-Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education / Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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13
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He Z, Liu QL, Zhang YJ, Yang GP. Distribution and sea-to-air fluxes of volatile halocarbons in the Bohai Sea and North Yellow Sea during spring. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 584-585:546-553. [PMID: 28132774 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of volatile halocarbons (VHCs), such as CHBr2Cl, CHBr3, C2HCl3, and C2Cl4, in the Bohai Sea (BS) and North Yellow Sea (NYS) were measured during the spring of 2014. The VHC concentrations varied widely and decreased with distance from the coast in the investigated area, with low values observed in the open sea. Depth profiles of the VHCs were characterized by the highest concentration generally found in the upper water column. The distributions of the VHCs in the BS and NYS were clearly influenced by the combined effects of biological production, anthropogenic activities, and riverine input. The sea-to-air fluxes of CHBr2Cl, CHBr3, C2HCl3, and C2Cl4 in the study area were estimated to be 47.17, 56.63, 162.56, and 104.37nmolm-2d-1, respectively, indicating that the investigated area may be a source of atmospheric CHBr2Cl, CHBr3, C2HCl3, and C2Cl4 in spring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education/Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Qiu-Lin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education/Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Ying-Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education/Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Gui-Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education/Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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