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de Carvalho Vicente M, Trevisan CL, de Carvalho ACB, de Oliveira BCV, de Rezende CE, Machado WV, Wasserman JC. Geochemical fractionation of trace metals and ecological risk assessment of surface sediments in Sepetiba Bay, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:14254-14269. [PMID: 38273087 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32095-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The Sepetiba Bay (Southeast Brazil) is a known Cd- and Zn-contaminated site that received spills of a large slag pile leachate from a Zn smelter. With important harbors, Sepetiba Bay demands periodic dredging operations which affect the mobility of the metals. The main goal of this work was to assess metal mobility in sediments and its associated toxicity in a fictive dredging area, to evaluate the risks of the operation. To achieve this goal, 18 superficial sediment samples were collected and characterized for pH and Eh. Sediments were analyzed for grain size, organic carbon, and total nitrogen, and metal mobility was evaluated with a sequential extraction procedure, proposed by the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR). The results demonstrate that Cd and Zn are mainly associated with the exchangeable fraction (mean concentrations 1.4 mg kg-1 and 149.4 mg kg-1, respectively) and reducible fractions (mean concentrations 0.3 mg kg-1 and 65.5 mg kg-1, respectively), while Fe, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Al were associated with the residual fraction. Metals in the residual fraction are probably associated with the mineral lattice of the sediment and should not represent an environmental risk for the biota. The application of the enrichment factor and three risk assessment indexes (Risk Assessment Code, Risky Pollution Index, and Bioavailability Risk Assessment Index) show that the sediments are considerably enriched in metals that constitute a relevant risk for the sediment biota. In the case of dredging operations, Cd and Zn should be released to the overlying waters and be available to organisms, threatening the whole ecosystem. The proposed approach was shown to be much more precise than what is frequently presented in the Environmental Impact Assessments that only consider the threshold limits of the legislation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo de Carvalho Vicente
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geoquímica Ambiental, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ, 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Cleuza Leatriz Trevisan
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geoquímica Ambiental, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ, 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Angelo Cezar Borges de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geoquímica Ambiental, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ, 24020-141, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua São Nicolau 210, Diadema, SP, 09913030, Brazil
| | - Braulio Cherene Vaz de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais - LCA, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo de Rezende
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais - LCA, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Wilson Valle Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geoquímica Ambiental, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ, 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Julio Cesar Wasserman
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geoquímica Ambiental, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ, 24020-141, Brazil.
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Trevisan CL, Vicente MC, Rocha BCS, Wasserman JC. Development of a Dredging Sensitivity Index, applied to an industrialized coastal environment in Brazil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 748:141294. [PMID: 33113704 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ports link world commerce via maritime routes, and dredging services are essential to establish and maintain these connections. However, one question is critical when dredging is being considered: where are the best places to do it? To try to answer this question, a Dredging Sensitivity Index (DSI) was developed as a management tool to be used in project planning steps. In order to diminish environmental damages and quality-of-life losses, DSI provides alternatives by identifying sensitivity areas. This new methodology quantifies impacts caused by the sediment removal step and points out favorable areas to dredge, with a simple map. Parameters such as fine-grain content (% < 63 μm), Acid Volatile Sulfides (AVS), Shannon-Wiener Index and fisheries, among others, were used to calculate the DSI. Formulas were used to weight and aggregate both, the parameters and the DSI itself. Sepetiba Bay was chosen to apply this methodology because of its relevant economic and environmental aspects. The methodology was applied to dredging situations, but it can be used to indicate areas for dredged material disposal, with a few modifications in the DSI formulas. A DSI map was a final result of this methodology, and showed that the northern portion of the bay, close to the littoral is a more sensitive area, where dredging should be avoided, or carried out very carefully. DSI is a very useful tool for reducing damages from dredging services, it contributes with zonation and it provides alternatives to decision-makers who manage these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleuza Leatriz Trevisan
- Graduate Programme in Geochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University Federal Fluminense, Outeiro São João Baptista s/n - Centro, Niterói, RJ, 24.020-141, Brazil.
| | - Murilo Carvalho Vicente
- Graduate Programme in Geochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University Federal Fluminense, Outeiro São João Baptista s/n - Centro, Niterói, RJ, 24.020-141, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Cesar S Rocha
- Graduate Programme in Geochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University Federal Fluminense, Outeiro São João Baptista s/n - Centro, Niterói, RJ, 24.020-141, Brazil.
| | - Julio Cesar Wasserman
- Graduate Programme in Geochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University Federal Fluminense, Outeiro São João Baptista s/n - Centro, Niterói, RJ, 24.020-141, Brazil; UFF Network of Environment and Sustainable Development, Institute of Geosciences, suite 406. Av. Litorânea, s/n(o), Boa Viagem, Niterói, RJ 24030-346, Brazil.
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Kaushal SS, Wood KL, Galella JG, Gion AM, Haq S, Goodling PJ, Haviland KA, Reimer JE, Morel CJ, Wessel B, Nguyen W, Hollingsworth JW, Mei K, Leal J, Widmer J, Sharif R, Mayer PM, Johnson TAN, Newcomb KD, Smith E, Belt KT. Making 'Chemical Cocktails' - Evolution of Urban Geochemical Processes across the Periodic Table of Elements. APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY : JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF GEOCHEMISTRY AND COSMOCHEMISTRY 2020; 119:1-104632. [PMID: 33746355 PMCID: PMC7970522 DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2020.104632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Urbanization contributes to the formation of novel elemental combinations and signatures in terrestrial and aquatic watersheds, also known as 'chemical cocktails.' The composition of chemical cocktails evolves across space and time due to: (1) elevated concentrations from anthropogenic sources, (2) accelerated weathering and corrosion of the built environment, (3) increased drainage density and intensification of urban water conveyance systems, and (4) enhanced rates of geochemical transformations due to changes in temperature, ionic strength, pH, and redox potentials. Characterizing chemical cocktails and underlying geochemical processes is necessary for: (1) tracking pollution sources using complex chemical mixtures instead of individual elements or compounds; (2) developing new strategies for co-managing groups of contaminants; (3) identifying proxies for predicting transport of chemical mixtures using continuous sensor data; and (4) determining whether interactive effects of chemical cocktails produce ecosystem-scale impacts greater than the sum of individual chemical stressors. First, we discuss some unique urban geochemical processes which form chemical cocktails, such as urban soil formation, human-accelerated weathering, urban acidification-alkalinization, and freshwater salinization syndrome. Second, we review and synthesize global patterns in concentrations of major ions, carbon and nutrients, and trace elements in urban streams across different world regions and make comparisons with reference conditions. In addition to our global analysis, we highlight examples from some watersheds in the Baltimore-Washington DC region, which show increased transport of major ions, trace metals, and nutrients across streams draining a well-defined land-use gradient. Urbanization increased the concentrations of multiple major and trace elements in streams draining human-dominated watersheds compared to reference conditions. Chemical cocktails of major and trace elements were formed over diurnal cycles coinciding with changes in streamflow, dissolved oxygen, pH, and other variables measured by high-frequency sensors. Some chemical cocktails of major and trace elements were also significantly related to specific conductance (p<0.05), which can be measured by sensors. Concentrations of major and trace elements increased, peaked, or decreased longitudinally along streams as watershed urbanization increased, which is consistent with distinct shifts in chemical mixtures upstream and downstream of other major cities in the world. Our global analysis of urban streams shows that concentrations of multiple elements along the Periodic Table significantly increase when compared with reference conditions. Furthermore, similar biogeochemical patterns and processes can be grouped among distinct mixtures of elements of major ions, dissolved organic matter, nutrients, and trace elements as chemical cocktails. Chemical cocktails form in urban waters over diurnal cycles, decades, and throughout drainage basins. We conclude our global review and synthesis by proposing strategies for monitoring and managing chemical cocktails using source control, ecosystem restoration, and green infrastructure. We discuss future research directions applying the watershed chemical cocktail approach to diagnose and manage environmental problems. Ultimately, a chemical cocktail approach targeting sources, transport, and transformations of different and distinct elemental combinations is necessary to more holistically monitor and manage the emerging impacts of chemical mixtures in the world's fresh waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujay S Kaushal
- Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
| | - Kelsey L Wood
- Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
| | - Joseph G Galella
- Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
| | - Austin M Gion
- Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
| | - Shahan Haq
- Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
| | - Phillip J Goodling
- MD-DE-DC US Geological Survey Water Science Center, 5522 Research Park Drive, Catonsville, Maryland 21228, USA
| | | | - Jenna E Reimer
- Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
| | - Carol J Morel
- Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
| | - Barret Wessel
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
| | - William Nguyen
- Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
| | - John W Hollingsworth
- Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
| | - Kevin Mei
- Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
| | - Julian Leal
- Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
| | - Jacob Widmer
- Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
| | - Rahat Sharif
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
| | - Paul M Mayer
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Pacific Ecological Systems Division, Western Ecology Division, 200 SW 35 Street, Corvallis, Oregon 97333, USA
| | - Tamara A Newcomer Johnson
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Watershed and Ecosystem Characterization Division, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA
| | | | - Evan Smith
- Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
| | - Kenneth T Belt
- Department of Geography and Environmental Systems, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250
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Yılmaz A, Tolun LG, Okay OS. Pollution and toxicity of sediment in potential dredging sites of the Marmara Sea, Turkey. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2019; 54:1206-1218. [PMID: 31271113 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2019.1631656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the impact of the sediment in the potential dredging areas of the Marmara Sea. To that aim, sediments were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and heavy metals, sources were discussed, and toxicity tests were applied. For assessment, lower and upper limits of Turkish draft regulation (LTR, UTR) and UNEP-MAP's guidance document (LCT, UCT), and effects range low and median (ERL, ERM) were used. Total concentrations were found between 562 and 8643 µg kg-1 for PAHs, 4-36 µg kg-1 for PCBs, and 14-190 µg kg-1 for OCPs. The highest ∑PAH concentrations were measured in Golden Horn, and none of the PAH compounds was above ERM. ERL and UCT were exceeded in İstinye and Golden Horn stations. The highest ∑PCBs and ∑OCPs levels were determined in İzmit Bay (IB). ΣPCBs in IB were higher than ERL and LTR, while ΣDDT were found above ERM and UCT. High concentrations of chromium (∼190 mg kg-1) and copper (∼180 mg kg-1) in Golden Horn and mercury in IB (∼4 mg kg-1) were detected. The highest toxicities were observed in İstinye and İzmit Bay. According to the regulations, none of the sediments can be dumped.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Yılmaz
- Faculty of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, İstanbul Technical University , İstanbul , Turkey
| | - Leyla G Tolun
- Environment and Cleaner Production Institute, TÜBİTAK Marmara Research Center , Kocaeli , Turkey
| | - Oya S Okay
- Faculty of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, İstanbul Technical University , İstanbul , Turkey
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Yu J, Chen Q, Zhang J, Zhong J, Fan C, Hu L, Shi W, Yu W, Zhang Y. In situ simulation of thin-layer dredging effects on sediment metal release across the sediment-water interface. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 658:501-509. [PMID: 30579207 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dredging is widely applied to remediate contaminated sediments in aquatic ecosystems. However, the efficiency of thin-layer dredging for metal pollution control remains uncertain and even controversial. This study conducted an in-situ simulation experiment in Lake Taihu to investigate dredging effects on sediment metal release based on metal fractions, diffusion flux and kinetics parameters of metal resupply, using diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT), multi-microelectrode, and European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction scheme. Results indicated that the exchange fluxes of metals did not necessarily correspond to total sediment metal concentrations or the contents of different sequentially-extracted metal fractions; there were appreciable decreases in Ni, Cd, Cu and Zn in terms of total sediment metal concentrations and metal fractions, whereas the bioavailability and release fluxes of labile Ni, Cu and Zn (but not Cd) were all notably promoted (by 136, 128 and 149%, respectively) in dredged area compared to those in un-dredged sediments. Further analysis on the kinetics of metal resupply by DGT technique and DGT-induced fluxes in sediments model (DIFS) showed higher concentrations of labile metals, with a larger resupply ability from sediments after dredging. Therefore, thin-layer dredging had the possibility to increase metal release from sediments to the water column. This was attributed to the remobilization of metal sulfides in anoxic deep sediments, as oxidation increased after dredging due to the introduction of oxygenated water, causing subsequent dissolution of sulfide-bound metals. In conclusion, dredging may not mitigate metal contamination, although it can reduce the total pollution load. Our findings indicated dual effects of dredging and provided new insights into the remobilization mechanism of metal release induced by dredging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China; Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China; Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Qiuwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China; Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jicheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chengxin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Liuming Hu
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wenqing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China; Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wenyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yinlong Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Barletta M, Lima ARA, Costa MF. Distribution, sources and consequences of nutrients, persistent organic pollutants, metals and microplastics in South American estuaries. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:1199-1218. [PMID: 30360252 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Estuarine pollution imposes rapid, increasing and lasting environmental modifications. In the present review, especial attention is given to estuaries in South America (SA), where legislation, policies and actions to guarantee environmental quality remain ineffective. There, the majority of estuaries face uncontrolled occupation of its margins by urban and industrial centres, agriculture and aquaculture expansion, water extraction and flow control. The lack of basic sanitation and poor environmental management (including territories within Marine Protected Areas) often lead to hydrological alterations, high nutrient loads, and the presence and dynamics of pollutants (nutrient loads, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), metals and plastic debris) along the entire estuarine ecocline. Organic enrichment has increased dissolved oxygen consumption, with wide spatio-temporal variability along latitudes and estuarine gradients. The toxicity, biogeochemistry and availability of metals and POPs depend on the annual fluctuations of salinity, water renewal, dissolved oxygen levels, suspended particulate loads, sediment mobility, grain size and composition at the sink. Plastic debris from land sources are widespread in estuaries, where they continue to fragment into microplastics. River basins are the main contributors of plastics to estuaries, whose transportation and accumulation are subjected to interannual water flow variations. Although some systems seems to be in a better condition in relation to others around the world (e.g. Goiana and Negro estuaries), many others are among the most modified worldwide (e.g. Guanabara Bay and Estero Salado System). We propose that, estuarine conservation plans should consider year-round fluctuations of the ecocline and the resulting cycles of retention and flush of environmental signals and their influence on trophic webs over the whole extent of estuarine gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário Barletta
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Gerenciamento de Ecossistemas Costeiros e Estuarinos, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, CEP 50740-550 Recife, Brazil.
| | - André R A Lima
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Gerenciamento de Ecossistemas Costeiros e Estuarinos, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, CEP 50740-550 Recife, Brazil
| | - Monica F Costa
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Gerenciamento de Ecossistemas Costeiros e Estuarinos, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, CEP 50740-550 Recife, Brazil
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Donázar-Aramendía I, Sánchez-Moyano JE, García-Asencio I, Miró JM, Megina C, García-Gómez JC. Maintenance dredging impacts on a highly stressed estuary (Guadalquivir estuary): A BACI approach through oligohaline and polyhaline habitats. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 140:455-467. [PMID: 30060966 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the effects of dredging in estuaries is a hard task due to the difficulty of implementing an adequate environmental diagnosis, as a consequence of the salinity gradient and anthropogenic disturbances. To assess the effects of maintenance dredging work on the Guadalquivir estuary (southwestern Spain), we used a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) approach to determine both direct and indirect effects in two salinity ranges. No effects were found on water and sediment physicochemical characteristics. The small impacts on dredged areas were followed by a rapid recovery of opportunistic species. The poor status of the benthos does not permit the detection of significant effects on macrofaunal community structure. The use of stable isotopes analysis to determine impacts on food web structure showed that changes over time seem to be explained by natural temporal variation rather than the dredging works. This paper emphasises the need to define proper management and conservation plans to improve the status of the benthic communities of the Guadalquivir estuary.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Donázar-Aramendía
- Laboratorio Biología Marina, Seville Aquarium R+D+I Biological Research Area., Dpto. Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avd. Reina Mercedes 6, 41012, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - J E Sánchez-Moyano
- Laboratorio Biología Marina, Seville Aquarium R+D+I Biological Research Area., Dpto. Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avd. Reina Mercedes 6, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - I García-Asencio
- Laboratorio Biología Marina, Seville Aquarium R+D+I Biological Research Area., Dpto. Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avd. Reina Mercedes 6, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - J M Miró
- Laboratorio Biología Marina, Seville Aquarium R+D+I Biological Research Area., Dpto. Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avd. Reina Mercedes 6, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - C Megina
- Laboratorio Biología Marina, Seville Aquarium R+D+I Biological Research Area., Dpto. Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avd. Reina Mercedes 6, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - J C García-Gómez
- Laboratorio Biología Marina, Seville Aquarium R+D+I Biological Research Area., Dpto. Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avd. Reina Mercedes 6, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
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Wang T, Xu S, Liu J. Analysis of accumulation formation of sediment contamination in reservoirs after decades of running: a case study of nitrogen accumulation in Biliuhe Reservoir. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:9165-9175. [PMID: 29340864 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1232-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sediment contamination is an important influencing factor for reservoir water quality. Investigations have shown that reservoirs are facing the risk of sediment contamination after running for several decades in China. This paper proposes that the accumulation of sediment contaminant is resulted from the difference between the input and output of contaminant. Further, an accumulation model of reservoir sediment nitrogen is established based on this theory. The calculation result of Biliuhe Reservoir shows that inflow rate of total nitrogen into the reservoir is 4521.47 t/a, the outflow rate is 1033.97 t/a, nitrogen removal by denitrification is 1465.81 t/a, and the accumulation rate is 1841.68 t/a. The accumulation rate of total nitrogen is 77.84 t/a in water, 924.42 t/a in suspended solids, and 839.42 t/a in sediment. The accumulation of nitrogen resulted in the total nitrogen concentration in water increasing from 1.71 mg/L in 1995 to 3.78 mg/L in 2013, and that in sediment increasing from 779.10 mg/kg in 1993 to 2725.00 mg/kg in 2013. It is concluded that sediment contamination has the characteristics of significant accumulation trend, complex forms, and high security risks, which has been a hidden security risk for reservoirs after decades of running. Heterogeneity of the reservoir and complicated influencing factors of sediment contaminant accumulation should be concerned next.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Wang
- Institution of Water and Environment Research, School of Control Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Shiguo Xu
- Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Jianwei Liu
- Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
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9
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Vopel K, Pook C, Wilson P, Robertson J. Offshore iron sand extraction in New Zealand: Potential trace metal exposure of benthic and pelagic biota. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 123:324-328. [PMID: 28916349 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plans to exploit an offshore source of iron sand in South Taranaki Bight (STB), New Zealand, caused concerns that such exploitation may expose benthic and pelagic biota to elevated trace metal concentrations. We conducted dilute-acid extractions and standard elutriate tests to investigate the potential of this exploitation to (1) create a new seafloor with elevated trace metal content, (2) mobilise trace metals during iron sand extraction and, (3) enrich the returning process seawater, which feeds iron sand through mills, with trace metals. We found that recruits of freshly uncovered sediment may encounter higher-than-natural concentrations of cadmium, nickel and chromium (but not of copper, lead, and zinc) and propose to investigate the bioavailability of these metals. Elutriate test with raw and milled iron sand revealed that, for nickel and copper, dilution of the process seawater may be required to meet the local water quality guideline. We argue that this dilution can be achieved by adjustment of the mass and seawater balance of the offshore extraction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay Vopel
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Chris Pook
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Peter Wilson
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - John Robertson
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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Spatial Distribution, Adsorption/Release Characteristics, and Environment Influence of Phosphorus on Sediment in Reservoir. WATER 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/w9090724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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