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Li H, Liu H, Bi L, Liu Y, Jin L, Peng R. Immunotoxicity of microplastics in fish. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 150:109619. [PMID: 38735599 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Plastic waste degrades slowly in aquatic environments, transforming into microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs), which are subsequently ingested by fish and other aquatic organisms, causing both physical blockages and chemical toxicity. The fish immune system serves as a crucial defense against viruses and pollutants present in water. It is imperative to comprehend the detrimental effects of MPs on the fish immune system and conduct further research on immunological assessments. In this paper, the immune response and immunotoxicity of MPs and its combination with environmental pollutants on fish were reviewed. MPs not only inflict physical harm on the natural defense barriers like fish gills and vital immune organs such as the liver and intestinal tract but also penetrate cells, disrupting intracellular signaling pathways, altering the levels of immune cytokines and gene expression, perturbing immune homeostasis, and ultimately compromising specific immunity. Initially, fish exposed to MPs recruit a significant number of macrophages and T cells while activating lysosomes. Over time, this exposure leads to apoptosis of immune cells, a decline in lysosomal degradation capacity, lysosomal activity, and complement levels. MPs possess a small specific surface area and can efficiently bind with heavy metals, organic pollutants, and viruses, enhancing immune responses. Hence, there is a need for comprehensive studies on the shape, size, additives released from MPs, along with their immunotoxic effects and mechanisms in conjunction with other pollutants and viruses. These studies aim to solidify existing knowledge and delineate future research directions concerning the immunotoxicity of MPs on fish, which has implications for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqi Li
- Affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Huanpeng Liu
- Affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Liuliu Bi
- Affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yinai Liu
- Affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Libo Jin
- Affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Renyi Peng
- Affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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Riaz S, Sahar R, Qader I, Burhan ZUN, Alvi SK, Rasool SG, Siddiqui PJA, Shafique S. Preliminary assessment of microplastic in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere region of mangrove at four locations along Karachi coast, Pakistan. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 205:116608. [PMID: 38917495 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Mangrove ecosystem faces significant threats from the various pollutants including microplastic (MPs). The aim of this study was to assess variations in MP distribution in mangrove sediments of rhizosphere (R) and non-rhizosphere (NR) regions. A total of 14,960 MP particles were identified from Sandspit backwater (SS-1 & SS-2) and Creek areas (PQ & KC). Notably, the NR showed higher MP counts (7848) compared to the R region (7112). Analysis revealed variations in MP types, with beads being predominant in both R and NR, followed by film, fiber, and fragments. KC exhibited highest MP contamination, followed by PQ, SS-2, and SS-1. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed the presence of polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene in sediments samples. This first detailed report on MP in mangrove sediments and other limited studies from Pakistan establishes the widespread distribution of MPs in the coastal area and provide a baseline for further elaboration in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagufta Riaz
- Department of Zoology, University of Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rafia Sahar
- Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Irfana Qader
- Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Zaib-Un-Nisa Burhan
- Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sofia Khalique Alvi
- PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Applied Chemistry Research Centre, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Pirzada J A Siddiqui
- Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Seema Shafique
- Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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Saemi-Komsari M, Esmaeili HR, Keshavarzi B, Busquets R, Abbasi K, Birami FA, Masoumi A. Trophic transfer, bioaccumulation and translocation of microplastics in an international listed wetland on the Montreux record. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 257:119172. [PMID: 38768889 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are concerning emerging pollutants. Here, MPs in four edible aquatic species of different trophic levels (between ∼2 and 4), including fish species Esox lucius (Esocidae: Esocinae); Cyprinus carpio (Cyprinidae: Cyprininae); and Luciobarbus caspius (Cyprinidae: Barbinae); and the swan mussel Anodonta cygnea (Unionidae), were assessed in the Anzali freshwater ecosystem. It is a listed wetland in the Montreux record. MPs were extracted from gastrointestinal tracts (GI), gills, muscles, and skin. All the studied fish and mussels (n = 33) had MPs. MP fibres, fragments and sheets were detected in every GI examined, however, fibres were the only type of MPs in skins, muscles and gills and were the most abundant MP. The MPs found in the fish and mussels were mainly made of nylon (35% of the total MPs), polypropylene-low density polyethylene (30%), and polycarbonate (25%). The average numbers of MPs found in every fish specimen, expressed per wet body mass, had a moderate negative correlation with the condition factor (K) (MP/g - K: Pearson correlation r = -0.413, p = 0.049), and there was no significant relation with the growth factor (b) (r = -0.376; p = 0.068). Importantly, Luciobarbus caspius (with trophic level 2.7-2.8) bioaccumulated MPs and presented a strong correlation between their MP contamination and age (r = 0.916 p < 0.05). Greater gill mass (or related factors) played an important role in the accumulation of MPs, and there was a strong correlation between these factors for Esox lucius and Cyprinus carpio (r = 0.876; r = 0.846; p < 0.05 respectively). The highest MP/g gills (1.91 ± 2.65) were in the filter feeder Anodonta cygnea inhabiting the benthic zone. Esox lucius (piscivorous, trophic level 4.1) was the most contaminated species overall (a total of 83 MPs in 8 individuals, with 0.92 MP/g fish), and their gills where MPs mainly accumulated. Cyprinus carpio was the most contaminated specimen (MPs in specimens), while the number of MPs per mass unit increased with the trophic level. Their feeding and ecological behavior in the aquatic habitat affected the level of accumulation. This work includes evidence of translocation of MPs within the aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Saemi-Komsari
- Ichthyology and Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Zoology Section, Biology Department, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Esmaeili
- Ichthyology and Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Zoology Section, Biology Department, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Behnam Keshavarzi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rosa Busquets
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom; Faculty of Health, Science, Social Care and Education, School of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston Upon Thames, KT1 2EE, United Kingdom
| | - Keyvan Abbasi
- Inland Waters Aquaculture Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Bandar Anzali, Iran
| | - Farideh Amini Birami
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - AmirHassan Masoumi
- Ichthyology and Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Zoology Section, Biology Department, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Gholizadeh M, Bagheri T, Harsij M, Danabas D, Zakeri M, Siddique MAM. Assessment of microplastic contamination in some commercial fishes of the southern Caspian Sea and its potential risks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:26006-26018. [PMID: 38492137 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32901-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the occurrence of microplastics (MPs) in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of 384 fishes classified into four species from 11 sites in 2022 from the southern part of the Caspian Sea. GITs of fishes were collected and digested in H2O2 and KOH at 45 °C for 72 h. After filtration, extracted MPs were observed under a stereomicroscope, and selected MP particles were identified using FTIR. Presence of MPs was 68.98% in the GIT of the investigated fish. The mean abundance of MPs was 5.9 ± 0.9 MPs/GIT in Rutilus kutum, 9.2 ± 1.2 MPs/GIT in Chelon auratus, 3.6 ± 0.7 MPs/GIT in Alosa braschnikowi, and 2.7 ± 0.5 MPs/GIT in Vimba vimba. The predominant form of MPs was fiber (58.21%), followed by fragment (34.77%). Black (34.4%), white (19.07%), and blue (14.58%) were the most frequently detected colors of MPs. Overall, 6 MP polymers were identified, dominantly polypropylene (42.86%), polystyrene (17.86%), and cellophane (14.28%). The western part of the Caspian Sea (mostly tourist spots and urban areas) showed more MP pollution in fish compared to the eastern part. Polymer hazard index (PHI) revealed alarming microplastic contamination in the southern Caspian Sea. The PHI value of the present study showed that PES (PHI = 8403.78) and PS (PHI = 535.80) were "Extreme danger" and "Danger" risk categories, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Gholizadeh
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, P.O. box: 163, Gonbad Kavous, Iran.
| | - Tahereh Bagheri
- Offshore Water Research Center, Education and Extension Organization, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Chabahar, Iran
| | - Mohammad Harsij
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, P.O. box: 163, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
| | - Durali Danabas
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Munzur University, TR62000, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Mohammad Zakeri
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdul Momin Siddique
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrogenases, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
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Nejat N, Sattari M, Mohsenpour R, Shi X, Rasta M. Microplastics abundance, distribution and composition in surface waters, sediments and fish species from Amir-Kalayeh Wetland, Northern Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:22024-22037. [PMID: 38400964 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32627-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) pollution is considered as a globally pervasive threat to aquatic ecosystems and many studies reported this pollution in different aquatic ecosystems. However, studies on MPs pollution in wetlands are still scarce. Therefore, the aim of present study was to investigate the presence of MPs in the surface water, sediment and different fish species of Amir-Kalayeh wetland, Northern Ian. Surface water and sediment samples were collected from six stations during June to July 2022. Moreover, the gills and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of 54 fish specimens belonging to four species including Cyprinus carpio, Tinca tinca, Esox lucius and Silurus glanis were analysed. MPs were detected in all samples with an average of 2.15 ± 1.98 items/m3 for surface water, 51.66 ± 32.20 items/kg dry weight for sediments, 0.17 ± 0.17 items/individual for fish GIT and 0.12 ± 0.12 items/individual for fish gills. There was no significant relationship between MPs abundance in surface waters and sediments as well as between MPs abundance in environmental matrices and fish (P > 0.0.5). In terms of feeding habit, no significant differences were observed between the number of MPs found in omnivorous and carnivorous fish species (P > 0.05). Moreover, no significant relationship was detected between the MPs abundance in fish tissues and body size (P > 0.05). MPs were mainly fibers, mostly transparent, and in a range size of 70-5000 µm. The dominant MPs type was nylon in all samples. This study will help increase our knowledge about MPs pollution in inland freshwater systems and suggests that management policies take essential steps to reduce this insidious problem in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Nejat
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmehsara, Iran
| | - Masoud Sattari
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmehsara, Iran
- Department of Marine Biology, The Caspian Sea Research Center, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Reza Mohsenpour
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmehsara, Iran
| | - Xiaotao Shi
- College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Chine Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
- Hubei International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Fish Passage, Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Majid Rasta
- College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Chine Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China.
- Hubei International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Fish Passage, Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China.
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6
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Pásková M, Štekerová K, Zanker M, Lasisi TT, Zelenka J. Water pollution generated by tourism: Review of system dynamics models. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23824. [PMID: 38226237 PMCID: PMC10788515 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This study delves into the intricate dynamics of tourism-induced water pollution through a systematic literature review, aiming to unravel complexities using a system dynamics (SD) modeling approach coupled with the PRISMA analysis methodology. Employing a comprehensive PRISMA analysis of 68 pertinent articles, the study establishes a metamodel for comprehending plastic pollution in water ecosystems resulting from tourism. The methodology emphasizes economic and environmental dimensions, causal conditions, and interventions, with a specific focus on the role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The results highlight integrated strategies as crucial in mitigating tourism-induced water pollution. These strategies advocate for the incorporation of environmental conservation and sustainable management practices. The study underlines the pivotal role of environmental education, awareness, and investments in protection as effective interventions. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in the tourism industry, emphasizing the necessity for proactive planning and management. The study advocates for knowledge-based decision-making to optimize tourism's environmental impacts and underscores the significance of quick and flexible responses to environmental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Pásková
- Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Štekerová
- Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Zanker
- Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | | | - Josef Zelenka
- Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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da Costa ID, Costa LL, Zalmon IR. Are fishes selecting the trash they eat? Influence of feeding mode and habitat on microplastic uptake in an artificial reef complex (ARC). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166788. [PMID: 37666344 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Every year, coastal countries generate ∼275 million tons of plastic, and the oceans receive from 4.8 to 12.7 million tons3. Pollution by synthetic polymers is even more problematic for the environment when this material is fragmented into small portions, forming microplastics (MPs). In the present study, we analyze the selection of MPs by the ichthyofauna based on the availability of the morphotypes and polymeric composition of microplastic in the environment and compare the amount of MP in surface water, water column, sediments and fish in different organs, trophic categories, habitats and areas with and without artificial reefs. In order to achieve this goal, the shape, color, abundance and chemical composition of MPs in the digestive tract and gills of 18 fish species in artificial reefs area and control area, were evaluated. A total of 216 fish were analyzed, and 149 (60 %) had MPs in at least one organ and showed a mean concentration of 1.55 ± 3.31 MPs/g. Of the 18 fish species collected in the reef complex area, 17 (94 %) included individuals with at least one MP in digestive tract or gills. Four species showed the higher selectivity of MP types, colors, and polymers. More MPs were found in the fish, surface water, water column and sediment in the artificial reef area compared to the control areas. This is the first evidence of MP selection by commercially important fish species in artificial marine structures worldwide. These results provide useful information on MP pollution in RAs and highlight yet another issue that must be considered in the management of fisheries resources in the region and in other reef complexes around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor David da Costa
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas, Biológicas e da Terra, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Santo Antônio de Pádua 28470-000, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Mestrado Profissional em Gestão e Regulação de Recursos Hídricos, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, 76900-726 Rondônia, Brazil; Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo Lopes Costa
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ilana Rosental Zalmon
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Rasta M, Khodadoust A, Rahimibashar MR, Taleshi MS, Sattari M. Microplastic Pollution in the Gastrointestinal Tract and Gills of Some Teleost and Sturgeon Fish from the Caspian Sea, Northern Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:2453-2465. [PMID: 37530412 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The increasing microplastic pollution in the marine environment has raised global concern. The main risk of microplastics in aquatic ecosystem is their bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms. A few studies have reported microplastic pollution in the digestive system of Caspian Sea fish species, but there is no research on sturgeon species, nor on fish gills. We investigated the occurrence of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and gills of 62 specimens belonging to four species including three teleosts (Cyprinus carpio, Rutilus kutum, and Chelon aurata) and one sturgeon (Acipenser persicus, a valuable endangered species) from the Caspian Sea between January and March 2022. Fish tissues were removed, exposed for 24 h to 10% KOH, and then dried on filter paper. Particles were observed under a stereomicroscope and analyzed by Raman microspectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. A total of 91 microplastics were detected in the GIT (average of 1.46 ± 1.17 items/individual) and 63 microplastics in the gills (average of 1.01 ± 0.62 items/individual). A significant correlation was not found between the number of microplastics found in both tissues and fish body length, body weight, GIT weight, and gill weight (p > 0.05), except between microplastics isolated from gills and gill weight in C. carpio (rs = 0.707, p = 0.022). The abundance of microplastics in fish followed the order of A. persicus > C. aurata > R. kutum > C. carpio. The microplastics were in the size range of 45 to 5000 µm, with particles of 300 to 1000 µm being the most prevalent; 74.68% of the particles were shaped like fibers, 30.53% were red, and 70.6% were composed of nylon polymer. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2453-2465. © 2023 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Rasta
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmehsara, Iran
| | - Ali Khodadoust
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmehsara, Iran
| | | | - Mojtaba S Taleshi
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Oceanic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Masoud Sattari
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmehsara, Iran
- Department of Marine Biology, The Caspian Sea Research Center, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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da Costa ID, Costa LL, Cordeiro CAMM, Zalmon IR. Ecological traits do not predict the uptake of microplastics by fishes in a Neotropical River. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:94850-94864. [PMID: 37540415 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29013-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Pollution by synthetic polymers is even more problematic to the environment when this material is fragmented into small portions, forming microplastics (MPs). We analyzed the contamination of ichthyofauna by MPs in an important river of the Atlantic Rainforest in regard to abundance, diversity of morphotypes, polymers, colors, and sizes of the synthetic particles in 20 species of fish. Fish were collected in November 2019 and in March 2020 in five sites along the Pomba River. Of the 101 fish analyzed, 49 (49%) presented MPs in at least one organ. Of the 20 species of fish collected 13 included individuals with at least one MP in their analyzed organs. The organs, trophic categories and feeding areas did not affect the general abundance of MPs types. Blue MPs were predominant, followed by the colors black, red, and white. MP fibers represented 91% of total MPs. Most MPs were between 2 and 3 mm in size. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA), polyvinylidene chloride "Nylon" (PVDC), and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) were detected in the fishes. The exposure of the fish species to MPs was associated mainly with individual size and species-specific aspects, regardless of ecological traits. Considering that 55% of the fish species studied are consumed by humans, it is necessary to study the potential impact of MP ingestion on human health and to understand to what extent we may be consuming both plastic particles and contaminants that are adsorbed to MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor David da Costa
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas, Biológicas e da Terra, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Santo Antônio de Pádua, Rio de Janeiro, 28470-000, Brazil.
- Mestrado Profissional em Gestão e Regulação de Recursos Hídricos, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Ji-Paraná, Rondônia, 76900-726, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo Lopes Costa
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, 28013-602, Brazil
| | | | - Ilana Rosental Zalmon
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, 28013-602, Brazil
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Amini-Birami F, Keshavarzi B, Esmaeili HR, Moore F, Busquets R, Saemi-Komsari M, Zarei M, Zarandian A. Microplastics in aquatic species of Anzali wetland: An important freshwater biodiversity hotspot in Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 330:121762. [PMID: 37142206 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Coastal wetlands are sensitive ecosystems that give habitat to large number of species. The extent of the impact of microplastic pollution in the aquatic system and humans is not known. In this study, the occurrence of microplastics (MPs) was assessed in 7 aquatic species from the Anzali Wetland (40 fish and 15 shrimp specimens), a listed wetland on the Montreux record. Specifically, the tissues analyzed were gastrointestinal (GI) tract, gills, skin, and muscles. The total frequency of MPs (all detected MPs in the GI tract, gill and skin samples) varied from 5.2 ± 4.2 MPs/specimen for Cobitis saniae to 20.8 ± 6.7 MPs/specimen for Abramis brama. Among all tissues studied, the GI tract of the Chelon saliens, a herbivorous demersal species, had the greatest level of MPs (13.6 ± 10 MPs/specimen). Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between the abundance of MPs in different species, tissues, living domains and feeding habit types. The findings support that fish may uptake MPs through adherence in gills (respiration) in addition to ingestion. White/transparent and black/grey polyamide (PA) fibers were the most common type of MP which may be originated from municipal wastewater and intensive fishing activities. About 34% of the MPs were in the range of 250 μm-500 μm, and those >100 μm were not detected in muscles from the study fish. All species had unhealthy weight according to the Fulton's condition index (K). Positive relationships existed between biometric properties (total length and weight) of species and the total frequency of uptaken MPs, pointing to detrimental impact of MPs in the wetland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Amini-Birami
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, 71454 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Behnam Keshavarzi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, 71454 Shiraz, Iran; Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
| | - Hamid Reza Esmaeili
- Ichthyology and Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Zoology Section, Biology Department, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farid Moore
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, 71454 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rosa Busquets
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Kingston Upon Thames, Surrey KT1 2EE, UK
| | - Maryam Saemi-Komsari
- Ichthyology and Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Zoology Section, Biology Department, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Zarei
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, 71454 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ardavan Zarandian
- Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development, RCESD, Department of Environment, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Alirezazadeh M, Nematollahi MJ, Keshavarzi B, Rezaei M, Moore F, Busquets R. Microplastics in Abiotic Compartments of a Hypersaline Lacustrine Ecosystem. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:19-32. [PMID: 36218167 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The study of microplastics in inland water bodies has been growing recently, but there is still insufficient knowledge of the status of microplastics in lacustrine ecosystems, especially saline lakes. Studies have also been conducted on sediment, water, and biological compartments of lakes. In the present study, the status of microplastics in abiotic compartments of the saline Maharloo Lake (Iran) was evaluated for the first time and included surface sediment, lake salt, sludge, lake water, and wastewater. A total of 742 microplastics, mainly clear and fibrous, ranging from 50 to 250 µm in size and composed of polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate, were identified in 33 samples. Mean microplastic concentrations in solid samples were higher than in liquid ones, with the highest levels (51.7 microplastics kg-1 ) in sludge and the lowest levels in lake salt (10.4 microplastics kg-1 ). The highest microplastic levels were found in the northwest area of the lake, where wastewater effluents from urban, industrial, and agricultural activities discharge into the lake. Inter-relationship assessments of microplastics with hierarchical cluster analysis suggested that differences in the distribution of microplastics with different physical properties in Maharloo Lake are greatly affected by weathering processes and proximity to contaminated hotspots. Our results reveal that the widespread occurrence of microplastics in Maharloo Lake mostly originates from potential plastic sources in urban areas of Shiraz Metropolis and its industrial zone in the vicinity of the study area; thus microplastics are dispersed into the lake via surface runoffs, especially wastewater inflows. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:19-32. © 2022 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Alirezazadeh
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Behnam Keshavarzi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rezaei
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farid Moore
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rosa Busquets
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy, and Chemistry, Kingston University, Surrey, UK
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12
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Cao J, Xu R, Wang F, Geng Y, Xu T, Zhu M, Lv H, Xu S, Guo MY. Polyethylene microplastics trigger cell apoptosis and inflammation via inducing oxidative stress and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in carp gills. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 132:108470. [PMID: 36470402 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.108470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics cause varying degrees of damage to aquatic organisms. Exposure to microplastics contaminated water, the gills are among the first tissues, after the skin, to be affected by microplastics. As an essential immune organ, prolonged stimulation by microplastics disrupts immune function not only in the gills but throughout the body, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. A model of gill injury from exposure to polyethylene (PE) microplastics was developed in this study. H&E staining revealed that polyethylene microplastics caused gill inflammation, vascular remodeling, and mucous cell proliferation. An increase in collagen indicates severe tissue damage. Additional analysis showed that polyethylene microplastics profoundly exacerbated oxidative stress in the gills. TUNEL assay demonstrated cell apoptosis induced by polyethylene microplastic. The mRNA levels were subsequently quantified using RT-PCR. The results showed that polyethylene microplastics increased the expression of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway (NF-κB p65, IKKα, IKKβ) and apoptosis biomarkers (p53, caspase-3, caspase-9, and Bax). Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes, which is an influential component of innate immunity, were overactive. What's more, the pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β) that induce immune disorder also increased significantly, while the anti-inflammatory factors (IL-4, IL-10) decreased significantly. These results suggested that oxidative stress acted as an activation signal of apoptosis triggered by the NF-κB pathway and activating the NLRP3 inflammasome to promote inflammatory immune responses. The present study provided a different target for the prevention of toxin-induced gill injury under polyethylene microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Cao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Fuhan Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yuan Geng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Tianchao Xu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Mengran Zhu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Hongli Lv
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Meng-Yao Guo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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13
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Birami FA, Keshavarzi B, Moore F, Busquets R, Zafarani SGG, Golshani R, Cheshmvahm H. Microplastics in surface sediments of a highly urbanized wetland. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 314:120276. [PMID: 36180006 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the incidence of MPs in surface sediment samples, collected from the Anzali Wetland, Gillan province, North of Iran. This natural habitat receives municipal wastewater effluents and hosts industries and recreational activities that could release plastic to the wetland. There is need for studies to understand MPs pollution in wetlands. A total of 40 superficial sediment samples were taken covering potential pollution hotspots in the wetland. The average level of MPs was 362 ± 327.6 MP/kg: the highest MPs levels were near the outlet of a highly urbanized river (Pirbazar River) (1380 MP/kg), which runs through Rasht city. This was followed by 1255 MP/kg where there was intense fishing, boating and tourism activities in the vicinity of Bandar-e Anzali city. Fibers were the most common type of MPs (80% of the total MPs detected). The MPs polluting the wetland were predominantly white/transparent (42%), and about 40% of them were >1000 μm. Polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) prevailed in MPs found. MPs were characterized with polarized light microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Microplastics levels were found to correlate significantly (p > 0.7) with electrical conductivity (EC) and sand-size fraction of the sediments. Coarse-grained sediments presented large capacity to lodge the MPs. This study can be used to establish protection policies in wetlands and newly highlights the opportunity of intercepting MPs in the Anzali Wetland, which are generally >250 μm, before they fragment further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Amini Birami
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Behnam Keshavarzi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Farid Moore
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rosa Busquets
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Kingston Upon Thames, Surrey, KT1 2EE, UK
| | | | - Reza Golshani
- Marine Environment and Wetlands, Department of the Environment, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Cheshmvahm
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran
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14
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Li F, Ni Y, Cong J, Shen C, Ji P, Wang H, Yin L, Xu C. Wiping conditions and fabric properties influenced the microfiber shedding from non-woven products. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2022; 24:1855-1866. [PMID: 36125181 DOI: 10.1039/d2em00292b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Disposable wipes and masks have come to be considered as underestimated sources of microfiber generation since the emergence of COVID-19. However, research into the creation of microfibers due to wiping with these non-woven products is scarce, and the potential effects of fabric properties on shedding behavior are unclear. This study investigated microfiber release from 7 wet wipes, 5 dry wipes, and 4 masks in response to the use of simulated daily wiping conditions on artificial skin. The dry wipes (77-568 p per sheet) shed more microfibers than the wet ones (21-190 p per sheet) after 2, 10, or 50 wiping cycles under a 9.8 N wiping force. In addition, an average of 56 microfibers could be released from per gram of wipe, and each square centimeter of wipe could release about 1.18 microfibers during wiping. Masks shed fewer microfibers than wipes due to the excellent shedding resistance of spunbond nonwoven fabrics and the strengthened mechanical properties granted by bonding points. Cellulose, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polypropylene (PP) were the major polymers in the microfibers shed by wipes, and the microfibers from masks were all PP. With regard to the influencing factors, the number of microfibers shed from wipes was positively associated with the number of wiping cycles (r = 0.983 and 0.960, p < 0.01) and wiping force (r = 0.980, p < 0.05), while it was negatively correlated with the moisture content (r = -0.992, p < 0.01). Interestingly, a stronger fiber entanglement degree in the wipes significantly improved the resistance to microfiber generation (r = -0.664, p < 0.05). The results highlighted for the first time that the bending coefficient (β = -5.05; 95% CI: -7.71, -2.40; p = 0.002) and fiber extraction force (β = -0.077; 95% CI: -0.123, -0.030; p = 0.005) significantly reduced the tendency for microfiber shedding. Although the number of microfibers shed from wiping was lower than those from domestic washing, there is still an urgent need to control the microfiber shedding tendencies of non-woven products through improving the manufacturing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yifan Ni
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Junhao Cong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Chensi Shen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Peng Ji
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Huaping Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Lanjun Yin
- Shenzhen Purcotton Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518053, China
| | - Chenye Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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15
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Pandey P, Dhiman M, Chopra P, Adlakha A. Investigating the Role of Tourists and Impact of Knowledge, Behaviour, and Attitude Towards Plastic Waste Generation. CIRCULAR ECONOMY AND SUSTAINABILITY 2022; 3:1-15. [PMID: 36245957 PMCID: PMC9552721 DOI: 10.1007/s43615-022-00216-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Tourism is one of the lifelines in nations for their strong economy. Through the expansion of tourism industry, enormous amounts of plastic materials are disposed that have detrimental effects on environment, animal and human health. The present study demonstrates the role of tourists on generation of plastic waste and further statistical approach was used to investigate the impact of knowledge, behaviour, and attitude of tourists towards generation of plastic waste. Result shows that the tourists play key role in generating plastic waste at outdoor places which is a serious issue that could block drainage ways in city which leads to many waters born disease. The study highlights that the awareness can make certain changes in plastic waste generation and can bridge the knowledge-practice gap. Moreover, the circular economy can offer opportunity to exploit plastic waste into various decorative and useful products that can generate income to local community and help to reduce plastic wastes. It is also important to highlight that the government needs to take care of surveillance in the market on using plastic bags either by sellers or consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Pandey
- Uttarakhand Pollution Control Board, CPCB, Gauradevi Bhawan, IT Park, Dehradun, Uttarakhand India
- Uttarakhand Pollution Control Board, CPCB, New Delhi, India
| | - Manisha Dhiman
- Makkawala Greens, IMS Unison University, Kothal Gate, Mussoorie Road, Dehradun, 248009 Uttarakhand India
| | - Priyanka Chopra
- Makkawala Greens, IMS Unison University, Kothal Gate, Mussoorie Road, Dehradun, 248009 Uttarakhand India
| | - Amit Adlakha
- Makkawala Greens, IMS Unison University, Kothal Gate, Mussoorie Road, Dehradun, 248009 Uttarakhand India
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16
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Gholizadeh M, Cera A. Microplastic contamination in the sediments of Qarasu estuary in Gorgan Bay, south-east of Caspian Sea, Iran. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:155913. [PMID: 35569662 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Given the important ecological role of estuaries and implications of microplastics (MPs) in ecosystems, we assessed the occurrence, abundance, size, and polymer types of MPs present in the sediments of the Qarasu estuary in 2019. MPs were extracted from sediments by density separation, after which they were detected under a stereomicroscope and considered according to shape, size and color. Identification was implemented using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The abundance and size of MPs in the samples ranged between 40 and 460 particles/kg and 200-5000 μm, respectively. The dominant shape of MPs was fiber (72%), followed by fragment (26%) and film (2%). Black and white were the most abundant colors with 48% and 29%, respectively. In total, 4 MPs polymers including polypropylene (33%), polyethylene (24%), polyamide (21%), and polystyrene (14%) were identified. Results from PCA showed that stations with a high abundance of microplastics had a significant correlation with the amount of clay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Gholizadeh
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran.
| | - Alessandra Cera
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, v.le G. Marconi 446, 00146 Roma, Italy
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17
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Wen S, Zhao Y, Wang M, Yuan H, Xu H. Micro(nano)plastics in food system: potential health impacts on human intestinal system. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1429-1447. [PMID: 36066327 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2116559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) in human food system have been broadly recognized by researchers and have drawn an increasing public attention to their potential health risks, particularly the risk to the intestinal system regarding the long-term exposure to MNPs through food consumption. This study aims to review the environmental properties (formation and composition) of MNPs and MNPs pollution in human food system following the order of food production, food processing and food consumption. The current analytic and identical technologies utilized by researchers are also summarized in this review. In fact, parts of commonly consumed food raw materials, processed food and the way to take in food all become the possible sources for human MNPs ingestion. In addition, the available literatures investigating MNPs-induced intestinal adverse effect are discussed from in vitro models and in vivo mammalian experiments, respectively. Particle translocation, cytotoxicity, damaged gut barrier, intestinal inflammation as well as microbial alteration are mostly reported. Moreover, the practical remediation strategies for MNPs pollution are also illustrated in the last section. This review is expected to provide a research insight for foodborne MNPs and arouse more public awareness of MNPs pollution in food and potential risk for human intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongbin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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18
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Pappoe C, Palm LMND, Denutsui D, Boateng CM, Danso-Abbeam H, Serfor-Armah Y. Occurrence of microplastics in gastrointestinal tract of fish from the Gulf of Guinea, Ghana. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 182:113955. [PMID: 35878475 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, there has been a growing concern about microplastics pollution in global aquatic habitats and its potential impact on human health. This study was carried out to determine the presence of microplastics in fish of economic importance in Ghana. Microplastics were found to be abundant in all investigated samples, with 68 % of the fishes contaminated with microplastics and a total of 133 plastic items identified in the fish. The presence of fibers, black coloured particles, and microplastics in the size range of 0.5-1.0 mm was the most abundant in the samples examined. Three polymers specifically, polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate, and polyamide were identified in the study. The presence of microplastics in the fishes investigated may pose severe ecological and health concerns, and hence comprehensive policies targeted at preventing plastic pollution of Ghana's maritime environment is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda Maud N-D Palm
- School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences, P. O. Box AE 1, Atomic, Ghana; Environmental Resources Research Centre, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon, Ghana
| | - Dzifa Denutsui
- School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences, P. O. Box AE 1, Atomic, Ghana; Environmental Resources Research Centre, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon, Ghana
| | - Charles Mario Boateng
- Department of Marine and Fisheries Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 99, Accra, Ghana
| | - Harriet Danso-Abbeam
- School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences, P. O. Box AE 1, Atomic, Ghana; Environmental Resources Research Centre, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon, Ghana.
| | - Yaw Serfor-Armah
- School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences, P. O. Box AE 1, Atomic, Ghana
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19
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Saad D, Chauke P, Cukrowska E, Richards H, Nikiema J, Chimuka L, Tutu H. First biomonitoring of microplastic pollution in the Vaal river using Carp fish (Cyprinus carpio) "as a bio-indicator". THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 836:155623. [PMID: 35508237 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fish inhabiting freshwater environments are susceptible to the ingestion of microplastics (MPs). Knowledge regarding MPs in freshwater fish in South Africa is very limited. In this study, the uptake of MPs by common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in the Vaal River in South Africa was assessed. MPs were detected in all of the twenty-six fish examined, 682 particles of MPs were recovered from the gastrointestinal tracts of the fish with an average of 26.23 ± 12.57 particles/fish, and an average abundance of 41.18 ± 52.81 particles/kg. The examination of the physical properties of MPs revealed a predominance on fibers (69%), small-sized particles of less than 0.5 mm (48%), as well as prevelance of coloured MPs (94%), mostly green, blue, and black. Using Raman Spectroscopy, the following plastic polymers were identified: high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). To the best of our knowledge, this study, is the first to report MPs uptake by freshwater biota in the Vaal River using common carp as a target organism. It provided evidence of MP contamination in the Vaal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Saad
- School of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Patricia Chauke
- School of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ewa Cukrowska
- School of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Heidi Richards
- School of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Luke Chimuka
- School of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Hlanganani Tutu
- School of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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20
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Wu J, Yin X, Liu Y, Chen X, Xie C, Liang Y, Li J, Jiang Z. Seasonal variation and ecological risk assessment of microplastics ingested by economic fishes in Lake Chaohu, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 833:155181. [PMID: 35421469 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) contaminations in freshwater organisms have attracted substantial attention worldwide. However, seasonal field studies of MPs concentrations in aquatic life are scarce. In this study, we analyzed the seasonal variation and ecological risk of MPs concentrations in economic fish species from Lake Chaohu in China between wet and dry seasons. Within both seasons, MPs in fish were systematically analyzed using methods of KOH digestion, NaCl density floatation and raman spectroscopy. MPs abundance in economic fishes were significantly higher in dry season than that in wet season, which can be ascribed to the MPs' amplification effects in lacustrine ecosystems during dry season. Whereas, our results recorded similar and homogenized characteristic composition of MPs in economic fishes between wet and dry seasons. In both seasons, fiber was the main morphological type, black and blue were the most common MPs color, and MPs ranging from <0.5 mm accounting for the most abundant size. In addition, polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) accounted for the most abundant polymer type detected by economic fishes in both seasons. In terms of feeding groups and habitat preferences, planktivorous and pelagic fish species exhibited sensitive variations of MPs concentrations between wet and dry seasons, thus being highlighted as good bioindicators of MPs contaminants in freshwater ecosystems. Our results revealed higher ecological risks of MPs in wet season than that in dry season when indicating from polymer risk index (H). By providing detailed and direct toxicity information, our study highlights the usage of polymer risk index for ecological risk assessment in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Wu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Yin
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Yunzhao Liu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Chang Xie
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Yangyang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, PR China
| | - Zhongguan Jiang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration (Anhui University), Hefei 230601, PR China; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, Leipzig 04103, Germany.
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21
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Karthik R, Robin RS, Purvaja R, Karthikeyan V, Subbareddy B, Balachandar K, Hariharan G, Ganguly D, Samuel VD, Jinoj TPS, Ramesh R. Microplastic pollution in fragile coastal ecosystems with special reference to the X-Press Pearl maritime disaster, southeast coast of India. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 305:119297. [PMID: 35421552 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are a global environmental concern and pose a serious threat to marine ecosystems. This study aimed to determine the abundance and distribution of MPs in beach sediments (12 beaches), marine biota (6 beaches) and the influence of microbes on MPs degradation in eco-sensitive Palk Bay and Gulf of Mannar coast. The mean MP abundance 65.4 ± 39.8 particles/m2 in beach sediments; 0.19 ± 1.3 particles/individual fish and 0.22 ± 0.11 particles g-1 wet weight in barnacles. Polyethylene fragments (33.4%) and fibres (48%) were the most abundant MPs identified in sediments and finfish, respectively. Histopathological examination of fish has revealed health consequences such as respiratory system damage, epithelial degradation and enterocyte vacuolization. In addition, eight bacterial and seventeen fungal strains were isolated from the beached MPs. The results also indicated weathering of MPs due to microbial interactions. Model simulations helped in tracking the fate and transboundary landfall of spilled MPs across the Indian Ocean coastline after the X-Press Pearl disaster. Due to regional circulations induced by the monsoonal wind fields, a potential dispersal of pellets has occurred along the coast of Sri Lanka, but no landfall and ecological damage are predicted along the coast of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Karthik
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - R S Robin
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - R Purvaja
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - V Karthikeyan
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - B Subbareddy
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - K Balachandar
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - G Hariharan
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - D Ganguly
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - V D Samuel
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - T P S Jinoj
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - R Ramesh
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India.
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22
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Nematollahi MJ, Keshavarzi B, Mohit F, Moore F, Busquets R. Microplastic occurrence in urban and industrial soils of Ahvaz metropolis: A city with a sustained record of air pollution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 819:152051. [PMID: 34856279 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates, for the first time, the concentration, distribution, fate and chemical composition of microplastics (MPs) in urban and industrial soils of Ahvaz metropolis, SW Iran. MP concentrations ranged from 100 to 3135 and 80 to1220 unit·kg-1 in urban and industrial soils, respectively, with corresponding means of 619 and 390 unit·kg-1. The most contaminated urban sites were located in the city center. Precisely these areas were affected by insufficient sanitation infrastructure including sewer systems, surface runoff collection and sewage treatment, and also high traffic loading in a commercial zone. MPs were found in various shapes, colours and sizes. In particular, microfibres (white-transparent and < 250 μm) were the most abundant MPs found in urban (70%) and industrial (55%) soils. Based on the weathering observed in the MPs, a large number of them originated from the fragmentation of other plastics and could have been photobleached. Polyethylene terephthalate and nylon were the dominant polymers in the MPs found in both industrial and urban soils and they could originate from textiles and tyres.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Behnam Keshavarzi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, 71454 Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Mohit
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, 71454 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farid Moore
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, 71454 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rosa Busquets
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy, and Chemistry, Kingston University, Kingston Upon Thames, Surrey KT1 2EE, UK
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23
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A Meta-Analysis of the Characterisations of Plastic Ingested by Fish Globally. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10040186. [PMID: 35448447 PMCID: PMC9027263 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10040186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Plastic contamination in the environment is common but the characterisation of plastic ingested by fish in different environments is lacking. Hence, a meta-analysis was conducted to identify the prevalence of plastic ingested by fish globally. Based on a qualitative analysis of plastic size, it was determined that small microplastics (<1 mm) are predominantly ingested by fish globally. Furthermore, our meta-analysis revealed that plastic fibres (70.6%) and fragments (19.3%) were the most prevalent plastic components ingested by fish, while blue (24.2%) and black (18.0%) coloured plastic were the most abundant. Polyethylene (15.7%) and polyester (11.6%) were the most abundant polymers. Mixed-effect models were employed to identify the effects of the moderators (sampling environment, plastic size, digestive organs examined, and sampling continents) on the prevalence of plastic shape, colour, and polymer type. Among the moderators, only the sampling environment and continent contributed to a significant difference between subgroups in plastic shape and polymer type.
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24
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Zhang S, Wang N, Gong S, Gao S. The patterns of trophic transfer of microplastic ingestion by fish in the artificial reef area and adjacent waters of Haizhou Bay. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 177:113565. [PMID: 35314394 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution has become a threat to the global marine environment. Many studies have shown that marine organisms are at risk of plastic ingestion, but there is still a lack of relevant research in the artificial reef area and adjacent waters of Haizhou Bay, located in the western Yellow Sea. The study of MPs will provide useful information for MPs pollution in the artificial reef food webs, as well as the understanding of MPs trophic transfer by reef fish. In this study, we quantified plastic ingestion by marine fish in artificial reef areas and adjacent waters (Natural area, NA; Aquaculture area, AA; Estuary area, EA; Artificial reefs area, AR and Comprehensive effective area, CEA) and analysed the related possible influencing factors. Of the 146 fish samples examined, 100% of fish ingested plastics, and 98.9% of these particles were microplastics (MPs) (<5 mm), with 3.00 ± 2.63 pieces/fish. The main types and colours of MPs were fibre (95.9%) and blue (84%). The MP quantity of AR and AA were significantly higher than that of CEA (P < 0.05) and there is no significant difference among other habitats. The MP ingestion by pelagic fishes was significantly lower than that of demersal fishes (P < 0.05). MP ingestion by omnivores was significantly higher than that by carnivores and planktivores (P < 0.05). The body length (body weight) of four species (Larimichthys polyactis: 17.7-16.7 cm (16.01-59.41 g); Collichthys lucidus: 8.1-14.3 cm (19.65-56.92 g); Tridentiger barbatus: 5.9-9.2 cm (3.37-19.1 g); Cynoglossus joyneri: 10.1-18.7 cm (5-45 g)) had no significant correlation with MP ingestion (P > 0.05). Our results showed that MPs in this region are ubiquitous (i.e., the MP ingestion rate was as high as 100%). We infer that there is a transfer mechanism in MPs from pelagic to benthic fish in this area, and there is weak biomagnification with the trophic transfer of the food chain (TMF = 1.62). However, more practical studies still need to verify whether MPs are actually transferred to humans through trophic transfer from the marine food web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Joint Laboratory for Monitoring and Conservation of Aquatic Living Resources In the Yangtze Estuary, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Nuo Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Siming Gong
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Shike Gao
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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25
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Nematollahi MJ, Zarei F, Keshavarzi B, Zarei M, Moore F, Busquets R, Kelly FJ. Microplastic occurrence in settled indoor dust in schools. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150984. [PMID: 34656573 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study examines for the first time the characteristics and human exposure of microplastics (MPs) in settled indoor dust in schools. An average of 195 MPs·g-1 of dust were detected in settled indoor composite dust samples from 28 schools in Shiraz. White-transparent microfibres with lengths 500-1000 μm were the most abundant type of MP found among the samples examined. Polyethylene terephthalate and polypropylene MPs were dominant across all types of MP found including microfibres. MPs had generally smooth morphology with sharp or regular edges which could have been released to the environment as primary MPs. Among all sampling sites, higher concentrations of MPs were found in the south and centre of the city. These were areas affected by high population density, high traffic load and high presence of industrial units and workshops. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed a positive strong correlation between sampling sites and MP physical characteristics. The PCA plots revealed that MP sheets and fragments were prevalent in sites in the North of Shiraz, whereas microfibres were mainly associated with sites in the South. The levels of MPs in the South of Shiraz were greater than in the rest of the country and the wind direction and topography were found to be important factors affecting the MP distribution observed. Compared to other population groups, elementary school students had relatively high exposure risk to MPs. This study reveals that microfibres are widespread in Shiraz' schools and pose a high exposure risk to MPs for young students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Zarei
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, 71454 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Behnam Keshavarzi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, 71454 Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Zarei
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, 71454 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farid Moore
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, 71454 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rosa Busquets
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Kingston Upon Thames, Surrey KT1 2EE, UK
| | - Frank J Kelly
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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26
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Nikolić M, Milošković A, Jakovljević M, Radenković M, Veličković T, Đuretanović S, Kojadinović N, Nikolić M, Simić V. The first observation of the presence of microplastics in wild common bleak (Alburnus alburnus L.) and standardization of extraction protocols. KRAGUJEVAC JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/kgjsci2244267n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of microplastics (MPs) in the gastrointestinal tract, muscle, and whole-body samples of common bleak Alburnus alburnus L. from Gruža Reservoir (Central Serbia) was studied for the first time. Different protocols for MPs extraction were applied to determine the most efficient one. The study aimed to modify existing protocols to be cost-effective, efficient in digestion, and with no detrimental effect on potentially present MPs polymers. In this study, the digestion with 10% KOH during 48 h at 40°C was efficient for the gastrointestinal tract and muscle. Digestion with 10% KOH during 72 h at 40°C was the most efficient for whole-body samples. The usage of NaClO proved successful in digestion of the gastrointestinal tract overnight at room temperature. Fibers detected in the samples are assumed to be of plastic origin. The general goal was to establish a protocol for extracting MPs from fish tissue in wild populations to obtain results and determine the degree of pollution.
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