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SaberiKamarposhti M, Ng KW, Yadollahi M, Kamyab H, Cheng J, Khorami M. Cultivating a sustainable future in the artificial intelligence era: A comprehensive assessment of greenhouse gas emissions and removals in agriculture. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118528. [PMID: 38403150 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Agriculture is a leading sector in international initiatives to mitigate climate change and promote sustainability. This article exhaustively examines the removals and emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the agriculture industry. It also investigates an extensive range of GHG sources, including rice cultivation, enteric fermentation in livestock, and synthetic fertilisers and manure management. This research reveals the complex array of obstacles that are faced in the pursuit of reducing emissions and also investigates novel approaches to tackling them. This encompasses the implementation of monitoring systems powered by artificial intelligence, which have the capacity to fundamentally transform initiatives aimed at reducing emissions. Carbon capture technologies, another area investigated in this study, exhibit potential in further reducing GHGs. Sophisticated technologies, such as precision agriculture and the integration of renewable energy sources, can concurrently mitigate emissions and augment agricultural output. Conservation agriculture and agroforestry, among other sustainable agricultural practices, have the potential to facilitate emission reduction and enhance environmental stewardship. The paper emphasises the significance of financial incentives and policy frameworks that are conducive to the adoption of sustainable technologies and practices. This exhaustive evaluation provides a strategic plan for the agriculture industry to become more environmentally conscious and sustainable. Agriculture can significantly contribute to climate change mitigation and the promotion of a sustainable future by adopting a comprehensive approach that incorporates policy changes, technological advancements, and technological innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza SaberiKamarposhti
- Faculty of Computing and Informatics (FCI), Multimedia University, Persiaran Multimedia, Cyberjaya, 63100, Selangor, Malaysia; Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Kok-Why Ng
- Faculty of Computing and Informatics (FCI), Multimedia University, Persiaran Multimedia, Cyberjaya, 63100, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mehdi Yadollahi
- Department of Computer Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Amol, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Hesam Kamyab
- Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, UTE University, Calle Rumipamba S/N and Bourgeois, Quito, Ecuador; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600 077, India.
| | - Jie Cheng
- Suzhi Education Research Center, School of International Education, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei, 230088, China.
| | - Majid Khorami
- Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, UTE University, Calle Rumipamba S/N and Bourgeois, Quito, Ecuador
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Chakraborty S, Paidi MK, Dhinakarasamy I, Sivakumar M, Clements C, Thirumurugan NK, Sivakumar L. Adaptive mechanism of the marine bacterium Pseudomonas sihuiensis-BFB-6S towards pCO 2 variation: Insights into synthesis of extracellular polymeric substances and physiochemical modulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129860. [PMID: 38309406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Marine bacteria can adapt to various extreme environments by the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Throughout this investigation, impact of variable pCO2 levels on the metabolic activity and physiochemical modulation in EPS matrix of marine bacterium Pseudomonas sihuiensis - BFB-6S was evaluated using a fluorescence microscope, excitation-emission matrix (EEM), 2D-Fourier transform infrared correlation spectroscopy (2D-ATR-FTIR-COS), FT-NMR and TGA-DSC. From the results at higher pCO2 levels, there was a substantial reduction in EPS production by 58-62.8 % (DW). In addition to the biochemical composition of EPS, reduction in carbohydrates (8.7-47.6 %), protein (7.1-91.5 %), and lipids (16.9-68.6 %) content were observed at higher pCO2 levels. Functional discrepancies of fluorophores (tyrosine and tryptophan-like) in EPS, speckled differently in response to variable pCO2. The 2D-ATR-FTIR-COS analysis revealed functional amides (CN, CC, CO bending, -NH bending in amines) of EPS were preferentially altered, which led to the domination of polysaccharides relevant functional groups at higher pCO2. 1H NMR analysis of EPS confirmed the absence of chemical signals from H-C-COOH of proteins, α, β anomeric protons, and acetyl group relevant region at higher pCO2 levels. These findings can contribute new insights into the influence of pCO2 on the adaptation of marine microbes in future ocean acidification scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subham Chakraborty
- Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES-Earth Science & Technology Cell, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murali Krishna Paidi
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Inbakandan Dhinakarasamy
- Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES-Earth Science & Technology Cell, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Manikandan Sivakumar
- Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES-Earth Science & Technology Cell, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Clarita Clements
- Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES-Earth Science & Technology Cell, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Naren Kumar Thirumurugan
- Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES-Earth Science & Technology Cell, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lakshminarayanan Sivakumar
- Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES-Earth Science & Technology Cell, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
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Crump BC, Bowen JL. The Microbial Ecology of Estuarine Ecosystems. ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE 2024; 16:335-360. [PMID: 37418833 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-022123-101845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Human civilization relies on estuaries, and many estuarine ecosystem services are provided by microbial communities. These services include high rates of primary production that nourish harvests of commercially valuable species through fisheries and aquaculture, the transformation of terrestrial and anthropogenic materials to help ensure the water quality necessary to support recreation and tourism, and mutualisms that maintain blue carbon accumulation and storage. Research on the ecology that underlies microbial ecosystem services in estuaries has expanded greatly across a range of estuarine environments, including water, sediment, biofilms, biological reefs, and stands of seagrasses, marshes, and mangroves. Moreover, the application of new molecular tools has improved our understanding of the diversity and genomic functions of estuarine microbes. This review synthesizes recent research on microbial habitats in estuaries and the contributions of microbes to estuarine food webs, elemental cycling, and interactions with plants and animals, and highlights novel insights provided by recent advances in genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byron C Crump
- College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA;
| | - Jennifer L Bowen
- Marine Science Center, Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern University, Nahant, Massachusetts, USA;
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Rana R, Ferdous J, Rahman M, Rahman F, Huq A, Ali Y, Huda N, Mukhles MB, Rafi MH. Biosynthesis and chemical composition of nanomaterials in agricultural soil bioremediation: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:730. [PMID: 36066693 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10315-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs) are currently being used in agricultural soils as part of a new bioremediation (BR) process. In this study, we reviewed the biosynthesis of NMs, as well as their chemical composition and prospective strategies for helpful and sustainable agricultural soil bioremediation (BR). Different types of NMs, such as nanoparticles, nanocomposites, nanocrystals, nano-powders, and nanotubes, are used in agricultural soil reclamation, and they reflect the toxicity of NMs to microorganisms. Plants (Sargassum muticum, Dodonaea viscose, Aloe Vera, Rosemarinus officinalis, Azadirachta indica, Green tea, and so on) and microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Shewanella oneidensis, Pleurotus sp., Klebsiella oxytoca, Aspergillus clavatus, and so on) are the primary sources for the biosynthesis of NMs. By using the BR process, microorganisms, such as bacteria and plants, can immobilize metals and change both inorganic and organic contaminants in the soil. Combining NMs with bioremediation techniques for agricultural soil remediation will be a valuable long-term solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasel Rana
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Science, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Jannatul Ferdous
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Science, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Science, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh.
| | - Fahida Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Science, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Amdadul Huq
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, Anseong-si, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Yousof Ali
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Nazmul Huda
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Science, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Muntaha Binte Mukhles
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Science, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Meherab Hossain Rafi
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Science, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh
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Balu S, Bhunia S, Gachhui R, Mukherjee J. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon sequestration by intertidal phototrophic biofilms cultivated in hydrophobic and hydrophilic biofilm-promoting culture vessels. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 437:129318. [PMID: 35749894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phototrophic biofilms collected from intertidal sediments of the world's largest tidal mangrove forest were cultured in two sets of a biofilm-promoting culture vessel having hydrophilic glass surface and hydrophobic polymethyl methacrylate surface wherein 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were spiked. Biofilms from three locations of the forest were most active in sequestering 98-100% of the spiked pollutants. PAH challenge did not alter the biofilm phototrophic community composition; rather biofilm biomass production and synthesis of photosynthetic pigments and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were enhanced. Photosynthetic pigment and EPS synthesis were sensitive to vessel-surface property. The lowest mean residual amounts of PAHs in the liquid medium as well as inside the biofilm were recorded in the very biofilm cultivated in the hydrophobic flask where highest values of biofilm biomass, total chlorophyll, released polysaccharidic (RPS) carbohydrates, RPS uronic acids, capsular polysaccharidic (CPS) carbohydrates, CPS proteins, CPS uronic acids and EPS hydrophobicity were obtained. Ratios of released RPS proteins: polysaccharides increased during PAH sequestration whereas the ratios of CPS proteins: polysaccharides remained constant. Efficacious PAH removal by the overlying phototrophic biofilm will reduce the entry of these contaminants in the sediments underneath and this strategy could be a model for "monitored natural recovery".
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Balu
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Shantanu Bhunia
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Ratan Gachhui
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Joydeep Mukherjee
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
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Perillo VL, La Colla NS, Pan J, Serra AV, Botté SE, Cuadrado DG. Epibenthic microbial mats behavior as phosphorus sinks or sources in relation to biological and physicochemical conditions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 314:115079. [PMID: 35447453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microbial mats are complex microecosystems that have shown promise as possible green filters to remediate polluted seawater. This usage would possibly require changing the natural conditions under which these microbial mats prosper in order to maximize their contact with the water. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate the adaptation of the mats to different environmental conditions, while monitoring their short-term efficiency at nutrient removal. To that aim, epibenthic microbial mats collected from a tidal flat in the Bahía Blanca Estuary, were incubated under different flooding conditions (periodically exposed to the air or continuously flooded), with and without the addition of a high phosphorus concentration (5 mg PO43- L-1), and with and without the presence of penicillin. This last condition was added to understand the influence of penicillin-sensitive microbes on cyanobacteria and diatom communities and their importance for P remediation. The presence of high P concentrations as well as the continual flooding of the mats resulted in the decrease of the dominant cyanobacterium, Coleofasciculus (Microcoleus) chthonoplastes, giving rise to the dominance of other genera such as Arthrospira sp. Or Oscillatoria sp., depending on the presence or absence of the antibiotic, respectively. Water P removal was highly efficient (60-87%) when the mats were treated with the high-P water. However, microbial mat behavior changed from P sink to source when mats where incubated in seawater with no P addition, suggesting that mats can both function as P sinks and sources, depending on the condition of the water they come in contact with.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Liliana Perillo
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 (C1425FQB), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO, CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga Km 7 E1, Bahía Blanca (B8000CPB), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670 Piso 1, Bahía Blanca (B8000ICN), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Noelia Soledad La Colla
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 (C1425FQB), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO, CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga Km 7 E1, Bahía Blanca (B8000CPB), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Jerónimo Pan
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 (C1425FQB), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Geología de Costas y del Cuaternario (IGCyC, UNMdP/CIC), Funes, 3350, Nivel 1, Mar del Plata (7600), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Mar del Plata (7600), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Analía Verónica Serra
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 (C1425FQB), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO, CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga Km 7 E1, Bahía Blanca (B8000CPB), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Sandra Elizabeth Botté
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 (C1425FQB), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO, CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga Km 7 E1, Bahía Blanca (B8000CPB), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670 Piso 1, Bahía Blanca (B8000ICN), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Diana Graciela Cuadrado
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 (C1425FQB), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO, CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga Km 7 E1, Bahía Blanca (B8000CPB), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Geología, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, Bahía Blanca (B8000ICN), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Epstein G, Middelburg JJ, Hawkins JP, Norris CR, Roberts CM. The impact of mobile demersal fishing on carbon storage in seabed sediments. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:2875-2894. [PMID: 35174577 PMCID: PMC9307015 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Subtidal marine sediments are one of the planet's primary carbon stores and strongly influence the oceanic sink for atmospheric CO2 . By far the most widespread human activity occurring on the seabed is bottom trawling/dredging for fish and shellfish. A global first-order estimate suggested mobile demersal fishing activities may cause 0.16-0.4 Gt of organic carbon (OC) to be remineralized annually from seabed sediment carbon stores (Sala et al., 2021). There are, however, many uncertainties in this calculation. Here, we discuss the potential drivers of change in seabed sediment OC stores due to mobile demersal fishing activities and conduct a literature review, synthesizing studies where this interaction has been directly investigated. Under certain environmental settings, we hypothesize that mobile demersal fishing would reduce OC in seabed stores due to lower production of flora and fauna, the loss of fine flocculent material, increased sediment resuspension, mixing and transport and increased oxygen exposure. Reductions would be offset to varying extents by reduced faunal bioturbation and community respiration, increased off-shelf transport and increases in primary production from the resuspension of nutrients. Studies which directly investigated the impact of demersal fishing on OC stocks had mixed results. A finding of no significant effect was reported in 61% of 49 investigations; 29% reported lower OC due to fishing activities, with 10% reporting higher OC. In relation to remineralization rates within the seabed, four investigations reported that demersal fishing activities decreased remineralization, with three reporting higher remineralization rates. Patterns in the environmental and experimental characteristics between different outcomes were largely indistinct. More evidence is urgently needed to accurately quantify the impact of anthropogenic physical disturbance on seabed carbon in different environmental settings and to incorporate full evidence-based carbon considerations into global seabed management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham Epstein
- Centre for Ecology and ConservationUniversity of ExeterCornwallUK
| | | | - Julie P. Hawkins
- Centre for Ecology and ConservationUniversity of ExeterCornwallUK
| | - Catrin R. Norris
- Centre for Ecology and ConservationUniversity of ExeterCornwallUK
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