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Liu Y, Han B, Tan L, Ji D, Chen X. IGF1 and CXCR4 Respectively Related With Inhibited M1 Macrophage Polarization in Keloids. J Craniofac Surg 2024:00001665-990000000-01799. [PMID: 39145631 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000010479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The pathophysiology of keloid remains unclear. Exploring the immune heterogeneity and new biomarkers of keloids can help design new therapeutic targets for keloid treatments and prevention. METHODS The authors performed single-cell RNA sequencing analysis and bulk data differential gene expression analysis of public datasets(GSE92566 and GSE163973). They used Gene Ontology (GO), Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and immune infiltration analysis to identify the function of the differential expressed genes. Besides, the authors performed qt-PCR on keloid tissue and adjacent normal tissues from 3 patients for further verification. RESULTS M2 macrophage increased in keloid samples than M1 macrophage. The authors identified 2 potential novel biomarkers of keloid, IGF1 and CXCR4, which could inhibit M1 macrophage polarization. The potential mechanism could be inhibiting immune responses and anti-inflammatory activities through INF signaling and E2F targeting. The differential expression of the 2 genes was verified by clinical samples. CONCLUSIONS The authors identified 2 immune signaling molecules associated with keloid formation (IGF1 and CXCR4) and analyzed their potential pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- Department of Scar & Wound Treatment, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Scar & Wound Treatment, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
| | - Liuchang Tan
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongshuo Ji
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
| | - Xiaofang Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
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2
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Kidzeru EB, Sinkala M, Chalwa T, Matobole R, Alkelani M, Ghasemishahrestani Z, Mbandi SK, Blackburn J, Tabb DL, Adeola HA, Khumalo NP, Bayat A. Subcellular Fractionation and Metaproteogenomic Identification and Validation of Key Differentially Expressed Molecular Targets for Keloid Disease. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)01972-9. [PMID: 39122141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Keloid disease (KD) is a common connective tissue disorder of unknown aetiopathogenesis with ill-defined treatment. Keloid scars present as exophytic fibroproliferative reticular lesions post-cutaneous injury, remain benign yet behave locally aggressive and expansive. To date, there is limited understanding, and validation of biomarkers identified through combined proteomic and genomic evaluation of KD. Therefore, the aim here was to identify putative-causative candidates in KD, by performing a comprehensive proteomics analysis of subcellular fractions as well as the whole cell, coupled with transcriptomics data analysis of normal compared with KD fibroblasts. We then applied novel integrative bioinformatics analyses to demonstrate that NF-kappa-Beta-p65 (RELA) from the cytosolic fraction and Calpain-2 (CAPN2) from the whole cell lysate were significantly up-regulated in KD and associated with alterations in relevant key signalling pathways including apoptosis. Our findings were further confirmed by showing upregulation of both RELA and CAPN2 in KD using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Moreover, functional evaluation using real-time cell analysis and flow cytometry, demonstrated that both omeprazole and dexamethasone inhibited the growth of KD fibroblasts by enhancing the rate of apoptosis. In conclusion, to our knowledge previously unreported, subcellular fractionation and metaproteogenomic analyses have identified two novel biomarkers of relevance to keloid diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis B Kidzeru
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology Laboratory (LAMMII), Centre for Research on Health and Priority Pathologies (CRSPP), Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Cape Town, and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Musalula Sinkala
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Temwani Chalwa
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Relebohile Matobole
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Madeha Alkelani
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Zeinab Ghasemishahrestani
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stanley K Mbandi
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jonathan Blackburn
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - David L Tabb
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; Bioinformatics Unit, South African Tuberculosis Bioinformatics Initiative, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Henry Ademola Adeola
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nonhlanhla P Khumalo
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Guo G, Chen J, Shen Q, Chen Z. Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals distinct cell populations in dorsal root ganglia and their potential roles in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306424. [PMID: 39083491 PMCID: PMC11290642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication associated with diabetes, and can affect quality of life considerably. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) plays an important role in the development of DPN. However, the relationship between DRG and the pathogenesis of DPN still lacks a thorough exploration. Besides, a more in-depth understanding of the cell type composition of DRG, and the roles of different cell types in mediating DPN are needed. Here we conducted single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) for DRG tissues isolated from healthy control and DPN rats. Our results demonstrated DRG includes eight cell-type populations (e.g., neurons, satellite glial cells (SGCs), Schwann cells (SCs), endothelial cells, fibroblasts). In the heterogeneity analyses of cells, six neuron sub-types, three SGC sub-types and three SC sub-types were identified, additionally, biological functions related to cell sub-types were further revealed. Cell communication analysis showed dynamic interactions between neurons, SGCs and SCs. We also found that the aberrantly expressed transcripts in sub-types of neurons, SGCs and SCs with DPN were associated with diabetic neuropathic pain, cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, etc. In conclusion, this study provides a systematic perspective of the cellular composition and interactions of DRG tissues, and suggests that neurons, SGCs and SCs play vital roles in the progression of DPN. Our data may provide a valuable resource for future studies regarding the pathophysiological effect of particular cell type in DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Guo
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qixiao Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Yangxin People’s Hospital, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenbing Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Almier N, Leibowitz K, Gower AC, To S, Keller MR, Connizzo BK, Roh DS, Alani RM, Collard M. Targeting the Epigenome Reduces Keloid Fibroblast Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)01872-4. [PMID: 39009280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.06.1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Keloids are pathological fibroproliferative scars resulting from abnormal collagen deposition within and beyond the margins of the initial cutaneous insult. Keloids negatively impact QOL functionally and cosmetically, with current treatment modalities unsatisfactory. Recent studies indicate that epigenetic dysregulation is central to the development and progression of keloids. In this study, we evaluate the functional significance of epigenetic targeting strategies in vitro using patient-derived keloid fibroblasts treated with small-molecule inhibitors of histone deacetylases, LSD1, CoREST, and p300, as potential therapies for keloids. We find that both the dual-acting CoREST inhibitor corin and the histone deacetylase inhibitor entinostat reduce fibroblast proliferation more than the LSD1 inhibitor GSK-LSD1; in addition, corin was the most effective inhibitor of migration and invasion across keloid fibroblasts. RNA-sequencing analysis of keloid fibroblasts treated with corin demonstrates coordinate upregulation of many genes, including key mediators of cell adhesion such as claudins. Corin also downregulates gene sets involved in cell cycle progression, including reduced expression of cyclins A1 and B2 compared with that of DMSO. These results highlight a significant role for epigenetic regulation of pathologic mediators of keloidal scarring and suggest that inhibitors of the epigenetic CoREST repressor complex may prove beneficial in the prevention and/or treatment of keloidal scarring in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nedaa Almier
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kassidy Leibowitz
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adam C Gower
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Samantha To
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Madelyn R Keller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University College of Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brianne K Connizzo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University College of Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel S Roh
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rhoda M Alani
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Marianne Collard
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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5
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Direder M, Laggner M, Copic D, Klas K, Bormann D, Schweiger T, Hoetzenecker K, Aigner C, Ankersmit HJ, Mildner M. Transcriptional profiling sheds light on the fibrotic aspects of idiopathic subglottic tracheal stenosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1380902. [PMID: 39071799 PMCID: PMC11272577 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1380902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic subglottic stenosis (ISGS) is a rare fibrotic disease of the upper trachea with an unknown pathomechanism. It typically affects adult Caucasian female patients, leading to severe airway constrictions caused by progressive scar formation and inflammation with clinical symptoms of dyspnoea, stridor and potential changes to the voice. Endoscopic treatment frequently leads to recurrence, whereas surgical resection and reconstruction provides excellent long-term functional outcome. This study aimed to identify so far unrecognized pathologic aspects of ISGS using single cell RNA sequencing. Our scRNAseq analysis uncovered the cellular composition of the subglottic scar tissue, including the presence of a pathologic, profibrotic fibroblast subtype and the presence of Schwann cells in a profibrotic state. In addition, a pathology-associated increase of plasma cells was identified. Using extended bioinformatics analyses, we decoded pathology-associated changes of factors of the extracellular matrix. Our data identified ongoing fibrotic processes in ISGS and provide novel insights on the contribution of fibroblasts, Schwann cells and plasma cells to the pathogenesis of ISGS. This knowledge could impact the development of novel approaches for diagnosis and therapy of ISGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Direder
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis, Regeneration and Applied Immunology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma-Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Laggner
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis, Regeneration and Applied Immunology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dragan Copic
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis, Regeneration and Applied Immunology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Klas
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis, Regeneration and Applied Immunology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Bormann
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis, Regeneration and Applied Immunology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Schweiger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konrad Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Aigner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hendrik Jan Ankersmit
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis, Regeneration and Applied Immunology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Mildner
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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6
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Wei C, Guo Y, Ci Z, Li M, Zhang Y, Zhou Y. Advances of Schwann cells in peripheral nerve regeneration: From mechanism to cell therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116645. [PMID: 38729050 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) frequently occur due to various factors, including mechanical trauma such as accidents or tool-related incidents, as well as complications arising from diseases like tumor resection. These injuries frequently result in persistent numbness, impaired motor and sensory functions, neuropathic pain, or even paralysis, which can impose a significant financial burden on patients due to outcomes that often fall short of expectations. The most frequently employed clinical treatment for PNIs involves either direct sutures of the severed ends or bridging the proximal and distal stumps using autologous nerve grafts. However, autologous nerve transplantation may result in sensory and motor functional loss at the donor site, as well as neuroma formation and scarring. Transplantation of Schwann cells/Schwann cell-like cells has emerged as a promising cellular therapy to reconstruct the microenvironment and facilitate peripheral nerve regeneration. In this review, we summarize the role of Schwann cells and recent advances in Schwann cell therapy in peripheral nerve regeneration. We summarize current techniques used in cell therapy, including cell injection, 3D-printed scaffolds for cell delivery, cell encapsulation techniques, as well as the cell types employed in experiments, experimental models, and research findings. At the end of the paper, we summarize the challenges and advantages of various cells (including ESCs, iPSCs, and BMSCs) in clinical cell therapy. Our goal is to provide the theoretical and experimental basis for future treatments targeting peripheral nerves, highlighting the potential of cell therapy and tissue engineering as invaluable resources for promoting nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuqiao Wei
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanxin Guo
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen Ci
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mucong Li
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yidi Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Wang M, Zhao J, Li J, Meng M, Zhu M. Insights into the role of adipose-derived stem cells and secretome: potential biology and clinical applications in hypertrophic scarring. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:137. [PMID: 38735979 PMCID: PMC11089711 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03749-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Scar tissue is the inevitable result of repairing human skin after it has been subjected to external destructive stimuli. It leads to localized damage to the appearance of the skin, accompanied by symptoms such as itching and pain, which reduces the quality of life of the patient and causes serious medical burdens. With the continuous development of economy and society, there is an increasing demand for beauty. People are looking forward to a safer and more effective method to eliminate pathological scarring. In recent years, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have received increasing attention from researchers. It can effectively improve pathological scarring by mediating inflammation, regulating fibroblast proliferation and activation, and vascular reconstruction. This review focuses on the pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertrophic scarring, summarizing the therapeutic effects of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies on the therapeutic effects of ADSCs in the field of hypertrophic scarring prevention and treatment, the latest application techniques, such as cell-free therapies utilizing ADSCs, and discussing the advantages and limitations of ADSCs. Through this review, we hope to further understand the characterization of ADSC and clarify the effectiveness of its application in hypertrophic scarring treatment, so as to provide clinical guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Jianyu Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Meng Meng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, Dalian, 116011, China.
| | - Mengru Zhu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, Dalian, 116011, China.
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Yeo E, Shim J, Oh SJ, Choi Y, Noh H, Kim H, Park JH, Lee KT, Kim SH, Lee D, Lee JH. Revisiting roles of mast cells and neural cells in keloid: exploring their connection to disease activity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1339336. [PMID: 38524141 PMCID: PMC10957560 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1339336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mast cells (MCs) and neural cells (NCs) are important in a keloid microenvironment. They might contribute to fibrosis and pain sensation within the keloid. However, their involvement in pathological excessive scarring has not been adequately explored. Objectives To elucidate roles of MCs and NCs in keloid pathogenesis and their correlation with disease activity. Methods Keloid samples from chest and back regions were analyzed. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was conducted for six active keloids (AK) samples, four inactive keloids (IK) samples, and three mature scar (MS) samples from patients with keloids. Results The scRNA-seq analysis demonstrated notable enrichment of MCs, lymphocytes, and macrophages in AKs, which exhibited continuous growth at the excision site when compared to IK and MS samples (P = 0.042). Expression levels of marker genes associated with activated and degranulated MCs, including FCER1G, BTK, and GATA2, were specifically elevated in keloid lesions. Notably, MCs within AK lesions exhibited elevated expression of genes such as NTRK1, S1PR1, and S1PR2 associated with neuropeptide receptors. Neural progenitor cell and non-myelinating Schwann cell (nmSC) genes were highly expressed in keloids, whereas myelinating Schwann cell (mSC) genes were specific to MS samples. Conclusions scRNA-seq analyses of AK, IK, and MS samples unveiled substantial microenvironmental heterogeneity. Such heterogeneity might be linked to disease activity. These findings suggest the potential contribution of MCs and NCs to keloid pathogenesis. Histopathological and molecular features observed in AK and IK samples provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying pain and pruritus in keloid lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhye Yeo
- Department of Dermatology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Device Management and Research, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonho Shim
- Department of Dermatology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - YoungHwan Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Device Management and Research, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungrye Noh
- Department of Dermatology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeyeon Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Park
- Department of Dermatology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Tae Lee
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Hyung Kim
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyoun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hee Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Device Management and Research, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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9
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Du Y, Liu J, Hao Q, Wang S, Zhang A, Li Y, Feng N. Effects of miR-214 on adenosine A2A receptor and carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles on the function of keloid fibroblasts and their mechanisms. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4896. [PMID: 38418830 PMCID: PMC10901826 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54125-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This work prepared and investigated the impact of carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles (MC-NPs) on the proliferative capability of keloid fibroblasts (KFBs) while analyzing the mechanistic roles of miR-214 and adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) in fibroblasts within hypertrophic scars. MC-NPs were synthesized through ion cross-linking, were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and laser particle size scattering. The influence of MC-NPs on the proliferation capacity of KFBs was assessed using the MTT method. Changes in the expression levels of miR-214 and A2AR in KFBs, normal skin fibroblasts (NFBs), hypertrophic scar tissue, and normal skin tissue were analyzed. KFBs were categorized into anti-miR-214, anti-miR-NC, miR-214 mimics, miR-NC, si-A2AR, si-con, anti-miR-214+ si-con, and anti-miR-214+ si-A2AR groups. Bioinformatics target prediction was conducted to explore the interaction between miR-214 and A2AR. Real-time quantitative PCR and immunoblotting (WB) were employed to detect the expression levels of miR-214, A2AR, apoptotic protein Bax, and TGF-β in different cells. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and flow cytometry were employed to assess cell proliferation activity and apoptosis. The results indicated that MC-NPs exhibited spherical particles with an average diameter of 236.47 ± 4.98 nm. The cell OD value in the MC-NPs group was lower than that in KFBs (P < 0.05). The mRNA levels of miR-214 in KFBs and hypertrophic scar tissue were lower than those in NFBs and normal tissue (P < 0.001), while the mRNA and protein levels of A2AR were significantly elevated (P < 0.05). Compared to the control group and anti-miR-NC, the anti-miR-214 group showed significantly increased cell OD values and Bcl-2 protein expression (P < 0.001), decreased levels of apoptotic gene Bax protein, TGF-β gene mRNA, and protein expression (P < 0.001). Continuous complementary binding sites were identified between miR-214 and A2AR. Compared to the control group, the si-A2AR group exhibited a significant decrease in A2AR gene mRNA and protein expression levels (P < 0.001), reduced cell viability (P < 0.001), increased apoptosis rate (P < 0.001), and a significant elevation in TGF-β protein expression (P < 0.001). miR-214 targetedly regulated the expression of A2AR, inducing changes in TGF-β content, promoting the proliferation of keloid fibroblasts, and inhibiting cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Du
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi City, 214000, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, NO.2 Wuxi People's Hospital, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi City, 214000, China
| | - Qing Hao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, 221000, China
| | - Shun Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, 221000, China
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, 221000, China
| | - Yongzhong Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi City, 214000, China
| | - Ninghan Feng
- Department of Urology, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi City, 214000, China.
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Wang X, Wang X, Liu Z, Liu L, Zhang J, Jiang D, Huang G. Identification of inflammation-related biomarkers in keloids. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1351513. [PMID: 38444850 PMCID: PMC10912164 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1351513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between inflammation-related genes (IRGs) and keloid disease (KD) is currently unclear. The aim of this study was to identify a new set of inflammation-related biomarkers in KD. Methods GSE145725 and GSE7890 datasets were used in this study. A list of 3026 IRGs was obtained from the Molecular Signatures Database. Differentially expressed inflammation-related genes (DEGs) were obtained by taking the intersection of DEGs between KD and control samples and the list of IRGs. Candidate genes were selected using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis. Candidate genes with consistent expression differences between KD and control in both GSE145725 and GSE7890 datasets were screened as biomarkers. An alignment diagram was constructed and validated, and in silico immune infiltration analysis and drug prediction were performed. Finally, RT-qPCR was performed on KD samples to analyze the expression of the identified biomarkers. Results A total of 889 DEGs were identified from the GSE145725 dataset, 169 of which were IRGs. Three candidate genes (TRIM32, LPAR1 and FOXF1) were identified by the LASSO regression analysis, and expression validation analysis suggested that FOXF1 and LPAR1 were down-regulated in KD samples and TRIM32 was up-regulated. All three candidate genes had consistent changes in expression in both the GSE145725 and GSE7890 datasets. An alignment diagram was constructed to predict KD. Effector memory CD4 T cells, T follicular helper cell, Myeloid derived suppressor cell, activated dendritic cell, Immature dendritic cell and Monocyte were differentially expressed between the KD and control group. Sixty-seven compounds that may act on FOXF1, 108 compounds that may act on LPAR1 and 56 compounds that may act on TRIM32 were predicted. Finally, RT-qPCR showed that the expression of LPAR1 was significantly lower in KD samples compared to normal samples whereas TRIM32 was significantly higher, while there was no difference in the expression of FOXF1. Conclusion This study provides a new perspective to study the relationship between IRGs and KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Wang
- Plastic Burn Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Plastic Burn Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenzhong Liu
- Plastic Burn Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Plastic Burn Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jixun Zhang
- Plastic Burn Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Duyin Jiang
- Plastic Burn Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guobao Huang
- Burn Plastic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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11
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Zhao CX, Wang SL, Li HX, Li X. Integration of Single-Cell Transcriptomics Data Reveal Differences in Cell Composition and Communication in Acne. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:3413-3426. [PMID: 38053721 PMCID: PMC10695135 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s436776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Acne is a kind of hair follicle sebaceous inflammatory disease, which has a high incidence rate among adolescents. Comparative data on cells which beneficial for precise treatment of acne patients. Patients and Methods After integrating and removing the batch effect of single-cell transcriptomics data of acne patients and health skin, the dimensionality reduction clustering was performed and the change in characteristics of each cell group were analyzed. Further, cell communication differences between gender were analyzed by use Cellchat software. Results 70,189 cells were analyzed, and 11 cell groups were identified. The proportion of basal cells and macrophages in skin of acne patients are relatively high than that of skin in healthy people. The results of cell communication showed that the communication intensity of acne patients was significantly higher than that of healthy skin, and the endothelial cells showed a strong ability to receive signals. From the perspective of gender differences, the proportion of macrophages in male patients were higher than that in female patients, and there were a large number of basal cells in the lesion area of female patients. There are also have some specific immune response ligand-receptor regulatory signals in male patients. Conclusion There are significant differences in skin cell composition and cell communication patterns between acne patients and healthy people, especially reflected in gender differences. Basal cells, macrophages and endothelial cells can serve as key targets for acne treatment. The treatment methods for men and women should be more personalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Xi Zhao
- Department of Cosmetology and Dermatology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Lei Wang
- Department of Cosmetology and Dermatology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Xia Li
- Department of Cosmetology and Dermatology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Cosmetology and Dermatology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Yang H, Cheng H, Dai R, Shang L, Zhang X, Wen H. Macrophage polarization in tissue fibrosis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16092. [PMID: 37849830 PMCID: PMC10578305 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis can occur in all major organs with relentless progress, ultimately leading to organ failure and potentially death. Unfortunately, current clinical treatments cannot prevent or reverse tissue fibrosis. Thus, new and effective antifibrotic therapeutics are urgently needed. In recent years, a growing body of research shows that macrophages are involved in fibrosis. Macrophages are highly heterogeneous, polarizing into different phenotypes. Some studies have found that regulating macrophage polarization can inhibit the development of inflammation and cancer. However, the exact mechanism of macrophage polarization in different tissue fibrosis has not been fully elucidated. This review will discuss the major signaling pathways relevant to macrophage-driven fibrosis and profibrotic macrophage polarization, the role of macrophage polarization in fibrosis of lung, kidney, liver, skin, and heart, potential therapeutics targets, and investigational drugs currently in development, and hopefully, provide a useful review for the future treatment of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huidan Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Rongrong Dai
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Lili Shang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hongyan Wen
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
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13
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Zhong Y, Zhang Y, Yu A, Zhang Z, Deng Z, Xiong K, Wang Q, Zhang J. Therapeutic role of exosomes and conditioned medium in keloid and hypertrophic scar and possible mechanisms. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1247734. [PMID: 37781228 PMCID: PMC10536244 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1247734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, ranging from 40 to 160 nm in diameter, are extracellular lipid bilayer microvesicles that regulate the body's physiological and pathological processes and are secreted by cells that contain proteins, nucleic acids, amino acids and other metabolites. Previous studies suggested that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes could either suppress or support keloid and hypertrophic scar progression. Although previous research has identified the potential value of MSC-exosomes in keloid and hypertrophic scar, a comprehensive analysis of different sources of MSC-exosome in keloid and hypertrophic scar is still lacking. This review mainly discusses different insights regarding the roles of MSC-exosomes in keloid and hypertrophic scar treatment and summarizes possible underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiu Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Youfan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aijiao Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwen Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenjun Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaifen Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianglin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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14
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Wan H, Wang S, Li C, Zeng B, Wu H, Liu C, Chen L, Jin M, Huang W, Zang Y, Zhang D, Gao Z, Jin Z. LA67 Liposome-Loaded Thermo-Sensitive Hydrogel with Active Targeting for Efficient Treatment of Keloid via Peritumoral Injection. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2157. [PMID: 37631371 PMCID: PMC10457819 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A keloid is a benign tumor manifested as abnormal fibroplasia on the surface of the skin. Curing keloids has become a major clinical challenge, and searching for new treatments and medications has become critical. In this study, we developed a LA67 liposome-loaded thermo-sensitive hydrogel (LA67-RL-Gel) with active targeting for treating keloids via peritumoral injection and explored the anti-keloid mechanism. Firstly, Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide-modified liposomes (LA67-RL) loaded with LA67 were prepared with a particle size of 105.9 nm and a Zeta potential of -27.4 mV, and an encapsulation efficiency of 89.6 ± 3.7%. We then constructed a thermo-sensitive hydrogel loaded with LA67-RL by poloxamer 407 and 188. The formulation was optimized through the Box-Behnken design, where the impact of the proportion of the ingredients on the quality of the hydrogel was evaluated entirely. The optimal formulation was 20.7% P407 and 2.1% P188, and the gelation time at 37 °C was 9.5 s. LA67-RL-Gel slowly released 92.2 ± 0.8% of LA67 at pH 6.5 PBS for 72 h. LA67-RL-Gel increased adhesion with KF cells; increased uptake; promoted KF cells apoptosis; inhibited cell proliferation; reduced α-SMA content; decreased collagen I, collagen III, and fibronectin deposition; inhibited angiogenesis; and modulated the keloid microenvironment, ultimately exerting anti-keloid effects. In summary, this simple, low-cost, and highly effective anti-keloid liposome hydrogel provides a novel approach for treating keloids and deserves further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshuang Wan
- Keloid Research Center, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, China; (H.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (S.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shuangqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (S.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Chuying Li
- Keloid Research Center, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, China; (H.W.)
| | - Bowen Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (S.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (S.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (S.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Liqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (S.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Mingji Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (S.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (S.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yingda Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (S.W.)
| | - Dongming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (S.W.)
| | - Zhonggao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (S.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Zhehu Jin
- Keloid Research Center, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, China; (H.W.)
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15
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Tai Y, Zheng L, Liao J, Wang Z, Zhang L. Roles of the HIF-1α pathway in the development and progression of keloids. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18651. [PMID: 37636362 PMCID: PMC10448433 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Keloids, a pathological scar that is induced by the consequence of aberrant wound healing, is still a major global health concern for its unsatisfactory treatment outcomes. HIF-1α, a main regulator of hypoxia, mainly acts through some proteins or signaling pathways and plays important roles in a variety of biological processes. Accumulating evidence has shown that HIF-1α played a crucial role in the process of keloid formation. In this review, we attempted to summarize the current knowledge on the association between HIF-1α expression and the development and progression of keloids. Through a comprehensive analysis, the molecular mechanisms underlying HIF-1α in keloids were shown to be correlated to the proliferation of fibroblasts, angiogenesis, and collagen deposits. The affected proteins and the signaling pathways were multiple. For instance, HIF-1α was reported to promote keloids formation by enhancing angiogenesis, fibroblast proliferation, and collagen deposition through the activation of periostin PI3K/Akt, TGF-β/Smad and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. However, the specific effects of HIF-1α on keloids keloid illnesses in clinical practice is are entirely unclear, and further studies in clinical trials are still warranted. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the biological mechanisms of HIF-1α in keloid formation is significant to develop promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of keloids in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuncheng Tai
- Department of Burn Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liying Zheng
- Postgraduate Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jiao Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zixiong Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Xinjiang Military General Hospital, Urumqi, 830063, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
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16
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Zhao W, Zhang H, Liu R, Cui R. Advances in Immunomodulatory Mechanisms of Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosome on Immune Cells in Scar Formation. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:3643-3662. [PMID: 37427367 PMCID: PMC10327916 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s412717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological scars are the result of over-repair and excessive tissue proliferation of the skin injury. It may cause serious dysfunction, resulting in psychological and physiological burdens on the patients. Currently, mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) displayed a promising therapeutic effect on wound repair and scar attenuation. But the regulatory mechanisms are opinions vary. In view of inflammation has long been proven as the initial factor of wound healing and scarring, and the unique immunomodulation mechanism of MSC-Exo, the utilization of MSC-Exo may be promising therapeutic for pathological scars. However, different immune cells function differently during wound repair and scar formation. The immunoregulatory mechanism of MSC-Exo would differ among different immune cells and molecules. Herein, this review gave a comprehensive summary of MSC-Exo immunomodulating different immune cells in wound healing and scar formation to provide basic theoretical references and therapeutic exploration of inflammatory wound healing and pathological scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhao
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongtao Cui
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Bormann D, Gugerell A, Ankersmit HJ, Mildner M. Therapeutic Application of Cell Secretomes in Cutaneous Wound Healing. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:893-912. [PMID: 37211377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Although the application of stem cells to chronic wounds emerged as a candidate therapy in the previous century, the mechanism of action remains unclear. Recent evidence has implicated secreted paracrine factors in the regenerative properties of cell-based therapies. In the last two decades, considerable research advances involving the therapeutic potential of stem cell secretomes have expanded the scope of secretome-based therapies beyond stem cell populations. In this study, we review the modes of action of cell secretomes in wound healing, important preconditioning strategies for enhancing their therapeutic efficacy, and clinical trials on secretome-based wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bormann
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alfred Gugerell
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hendrik Jan Ankersmit
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Mildner
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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18
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Xia Y, Wang Y, Hao Y, Shan M, Liu H, Liang Z, Kuang X. Deciphering the single-cell transcriptome network in keloids with intra-lesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide combined with 5-fluorouracil. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1106289. [PMID: 37275903 PMCID: PMC10235510 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1106289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Keloid is a highly aggressive fibrotic disease resulting from excessive extracellular matrix deposition after dermal injury. Intra-lesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a commonly used pharmacological regimen and long-term repeated injections can achieve sustained inhibition of keloid proliferation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effect on keloids remain insufficiently investigated. Methods and materials This study performed single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of keloids treated with TAC+5-FU injections, keloids, and skins to explore patterns of gene expression regulation and cellular reprogramming. Results The results revealed that TAC+5-FU interrupted the differentiation trajectory of fibroblasts toward pro-fibrotic subtypes and induced keloid atrophy possibly by inhibiting the FGF signaling pathway in intercellular communication. It also stimulated partial fibroblasts to develop the potential for self-replication and multidirectional differentiation, which may be a possible cellular source of keloid recurrence. T cell dynamics demonstrated elevated expression of secretory globulin family members, which may be possible immunotherapeutic targets. Schwann cell populations achieved functional changes by increasing the proportion of apoptotic or senescence-associated cell populations and reducing cell clusters that promote epidermal development and fibroblast proliferation. Conclusions Our findings elucidated the molecular and cellular reprogramming of keloids by intra-lesional injection of TAC+5-FU, which will provide new insights to understand the mechanism of action and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Xia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Youbin Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Hao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjie Shan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengyun Liang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinwen Kuang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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19
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Sun Q, Hu S, Lou Z, Gao J. The macrophage polarization in inflammatory dermatosis and its potential drug candidates. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114469. [PMID: 37002572 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory dermatosis is characterized by persistent inflammatory infiltration and hard repair of diseased skin. As a member of the human innate immune cells, macrophages usually show different phenotypes in different diseases. The macrophage phenotype (M1/M2) imbalance caused by the increase of M1 macrophages or the decrease of M2 macrophages is common in inflammatory dermatosis. In recent years, with the deepening research on inflammatory skin diseases, more and more natural medicines/traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), represented by Shikonin and Angelica Dahurica, have shown their therapeutic effects by affecting the polarization of macrophages. This review introduced macrophage polarization in different inflammatory dermatosis, such as psoriasis. Then summarized the natural medicines/TCMs that have potential therapeutic effects so far and introduced their mechanisms of action and the proteins/signal pathways involved. We found that the TCMs with therapeutic effects listed in this review are closely related to the theory of five flavors and four properties of Chinese medicinal, and most of them are bitter, acrid and sweet. Bitter TCMs have antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects, which may improve the persistent inflammation of M1 macrophage infiltration. Acrid TCMs have the effect of promoting blood circulation, while sweet TCMs have the effect of nourishing. These 2 flavors may accelerate the repair of skin lesions of inflammatory dermatosis by affecting M2 macrophages. In conclusion, we hope to provide sufficient knowledge for natural medicine research and the development of inflammatory dermatosis related to macrophage phenotype imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingru Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohuan Lou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianli Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Vorstandlechner V, Copic D, Klas K, Direder M, Golabi B, Radtke C, Ankersmit HJ, Mildner M. The Secretome of Irradiated Peripheral Mononuclear Cells Attenuates Hypertrophic Skin Scarring. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041065. [PMID: 37111549 PMCID: PMC10143262 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars can cause pain, movement restrictions, and reduction in the quality of life. Despite numerous options to treat hypertrophic scarring, efficient therapies are still scarce, and cellular mechanisms are not well understood. Factors secreted by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCsec) have been previously described for their beneficial effects on tissue regeneration. In this study, we investigated the effects of PBMCsec on skin scarring in mouse models and human scar explant cultures at single-cell resolution (scRNAseq). Mouse wounds and scars, and human mature scars were treated with PBMCsec intradermally and topically. The topical and intradermal application of PBMCsec regulated the expression of various genes involved in pro-fibrotic processes and tissue remodeling. We identified elastin as a common linchpin of anti-fibrotic action in both mouse and human scars. In vitro, we found that PBMCsec prevents TGFβ-mediated myofibroblast differentiation and attenuates abundant elastin expression with non-canonical signaling inhibition. Furthermore, the TGFβ-induced breakdown of elastic fibers was strongly inhibited by the addition of PBMCsec. In conclusion, we conducted an extensive study with multiple experimental approaches and ample scRNAseq data demonstrating the anti-fibrotic effect of PBMCsec on cutaneous scars in mouse and human experimental settings. These findings point at PBMCsec as a novel therapeutic option to treat skin scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Vorstandlechner
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis, Regeneration and Applied Immunology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dragan Copic
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis, Regeneration and Applied Immunology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine III, Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Klas
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis, Regeneration and Applied Immunology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Direder
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis, Regeneration and Applied Immunology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma-Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bahar Golabi
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Radtke
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hendrik J. Ankersmit
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis, Regeneration and Applied Immunology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Mildner
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence:
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21
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Zheng M, Hu Z, Mei X, Ouyang L, Song Y, Zhou W, Kong Y, Wu R, Rao S, Long H, Shi W, Jing H, Lu S, Wu H, Jia S, Lu Q, Zhao M. Single-cell sequencing shows cellular heterogeneity of cutaneous lesions in lupus erythematosus. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7489. [PMID: 36470882 PMCID: PMC9722937 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35209-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are both types of lupus, yet the characteristics, and differences between them are not fully understood. Here we show single-cell RNA sequencing data of cutaneous lesions from DLE and SLE patients and skin tissues from healthy controls (HCs). We find significantly higher proportions of T cells, B cells and NK cells in DLE than in SLE. Expanded CCL20+ keratinocyte, CXCL1+ fibroblast, ISGhiCD4/CD8 T cell, ISGhi plasma cell, pDC, and NK subclusters are identified in DLE and SLE compared to HC. In addition, we observe higher cell communication scores between cell types such as fibroblasts and macrophage/dendritic cells in cutaneous lesions of DLE and SLE compared to HC. In summary, we clarify the heterogeneous characteristics in cutaneous lesions between DLE and SLE, and discover some specific cell subtypes and ligand-receptor pairs that indicate possible therapeutic targets of lupus erythematosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Zheng
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China ,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Hu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China ,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Xiaole Mei
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 210042 Nanjing, China
| | - Lianlian Ouyang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China ,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Yang Song
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China ,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Wenhui Zhou
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China ,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Yi Kong
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China ,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Ruifang Wu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China ,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Shijia Rao
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China ,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Hai Long
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China ,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Wei Shi
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China
| | - Hui Jing
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China ,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Shuang Lu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China ,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Haijing Wu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China ,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Sujie Jia
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China ,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 410011 Changsha, China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 210042 Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China ,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 410011 Changsha, China
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22
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The transcriptional profile of keloidal Schwann cells. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:1886-1900. [PMID: 36333467 PMCID: PMC9722693 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00874-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, a specific Schwann cell type with profibrotic and tissue regenerative properties that contributes to keloid formation has been identified. In the present study, we reanalyzed published single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) studies of keloids, healthy skin, and normal scars to reliably determine the specific gene expression profile of keloid-specific Schwann cell types in more detail. We were able to confirm the presence of the repair-like, profibrotic Schwann cell type in the datasets of all three studies and identified a specific gene-set for these Schwann cells. In contrast to keloids, in normal scars, the number of Schwann cells was not increased, nor was their gene expression profile distinctly different from that of Schwann cells of normal skin. In addition, our bioinformatics analysis provided evidence for a role of transcription factors of the AP1, STAT, and KLF families, and members of the IER genes in the dedifferentiation process of keloidal Schwann cells. Together, our analysis strengthens the role of the profibrotic Schwann cell type in the formation of keloids. Knowledge of the exact gene expression profile of these Schwann cells will facilitate their identification in other organs and diseases.
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23
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Gong T, Wang Y, Dong S, Ma X, Du D, Zou C, Zheng Q, Wen Z. Single-cell RNA-seq reveals the communications between extracellular matrix-related components and Schwann cells contributing to the earlobe keloid formation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1000324. [PMID: 36388926 PMCID: PMC9643690 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1000324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Keloid is a major type of skin fibrotic disease, with one prominent feature of extensive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, and another feature of pain/itching, which is closely related to the peripheral nervous system (PNS). However, the molecular pathogenesis of these two prominent features still needs to be further explored. In the present study, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on clinical earlobe keloid samples and adjacent normal skin samples and constructed a keloid atlas of 31,379 cells. All cells were clustered into 13 major cell types using cell-type-specific markers. Among them, fibroblast, vascular endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells were defined as the ECM-related populations according to their ECM-associated functions. Also, we found that Schwann cells (SCs) were the main neuron cells of PNS in the skin. Interestingly, the cell proportions of ECM-related populations, as well as SC were increased significantly in the earlobe keloid compared to the adjacent normal tissues, suggesting an important role of these cell types in the development of the earlobe keloid. Comprehensive cell-cell interaction analysis at the single-cell level revealed a strong interaction between SC and ECM-related subgroups which might be mediated by SEMA3C signaling pathways and MK/PTN gene family, which are found to be mainly involved in promoting cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, further exploration of the interactions of ECM-related populations and SC in different keloids, including earlobe keloid, back keloid, and chest keloid revealed an increasing amount of TGFβ-TGFβ receptor interactions in chest/back keloids as compared to earlobe keloid, which suggested the anatomic site-specific pathogenesis in different keloids. Altogether, these findings suggested the interactions between ECM-related populations and SC contributing to the earlobe keloid formation and helped us to better understand the pathogenesis of keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taogen Gong
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People’s Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yayu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People’s Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaowei Dong
- School of Medicine, Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoshi Ma
- Department of Pathology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People’s Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Danfeng Du
- Department of Pathology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People’s Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Chang Zou
- School of Medicine, Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qijun Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People’s Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhong Wen
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Zheng Y, Yao J, Shen X, Cheng H, Peng Y, Tan W, Timko MP, Fan L. A Manually Curated Database and Analysis Platform of Cell Markers of Scars. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 143:673-676.e3. [PMID: 36967716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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25
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Feng C, Shan M, Xia Y, Zheng Z, He K, Wei Y, Song K, Meng T, Liu H, Hao Y, Liang Z, Wang Y, Huang Y. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals distinct immunology profiles in human keloid. Front Immunol 2022; 13:940645. [PMID: 35990663 PMCID: PMC9381754 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.940645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloids, characterized by skin fibrosis and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix, remain a therapeutic challenge. In this study, we systematically capture the cellular composition of keloids by the single-cell RNA sequencing technique. Our results indicated that there are significant differences in most cell types present between 12 pairs of keloid and adjacent normal tissue. We found that fibroblasts, endothelial cells, mast cells, mural cells, and Schwann cells increased significantly in keloid. The proportion of mesenchymal fibroblast subpopulations in keloids was markedly higher than those in the surrounding normal skin tissue. Furthermore, we found that the immune profiles between two groups varied significantly. The proportion of macrophages in the keloid was significantly elevated compared to the surrounding normal tissue, while cDC2 cells significantly decreased. Hotspot and pseudotime trajectory analysis indicated two modules of macrophage cells (Module2: highly expresses RNASE1, C1QA, CD163, CD14, C1QC, FCGRT, MS4A7; Module10: highly expresses APOC1, CTSB, CTSL, TYROBP), which exhibited the characteristics of tumor-associated macrophages, were upregulated in more-advanced keloid cells. Subsequently, the analysis of cellular communication networks suggested that a macrophage-centered communication regulatory network may exist in keloids and that fibroblasts in keloids may facilitate the transition and proliferation of M2 macrophages, which contributes to further comprehension of the immunological features of keloids. Overall, we delineate the immunology landscape of keloids and present new insights into the mechanisms involved in its formation in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Feng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjie Shan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yijun Xia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kai He
- Key Laboratory of Conservation and Application in Biodiversity of South China, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingxin Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Song
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Meng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Hao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengyun Liang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Youbin Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Youbin Wang, ; Yongsheng Huang,
| | - Yongsheng Huang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Youbin Wang, ; Yongsheng Huang,
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26
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Perioperative Suppression of Schwann Cell Dedifferentiation Reduces the Risk of Adenomyosis Resulting from Endometrial–Myometrial Interface Disruption in Mice. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061218. [PMID: 35740240 PMCID: PMC9219744 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that endometrial–myometrial interface (EMI) disruption (EMID) can cause adenomyosis in mice, providing experimental evidence for the well-documented epidemiological finding that iatrogenic uterine procedures increase the risk of adenomyosis. To further elucidate its underlying mechanisms, we designed this study to test the hypothesis that Schwann cells (SCs) dedifferentiating after EMID facilitate the genesis of adenomyosis, but the suppression of SC dedifferentiation perioperatively reduces the risk. We treated mice perioperatively with either mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular-signal regulated protein kinase (ERK) or c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors or a vehicle 4 h before and 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after the EMID procedure. We found that EMID resulted in progressive SCs dedifferentiation, concomitant with an increased abundance of epithelial cells in the myometrium and a subsequent epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). This EMID-induced change was abrogated significantly with perioperative administration of JNK or MEK/ERK inhibitors. Consistently, perioperative administration of a JNK or a MEK/ERK inhibitor reduced the incidence by nearly 33.5% and 14.3%, respectively, in conjunction with reduced myometrial infiltration of adenomyosis and alleviation of adenomyosis-associated hyperalgesia. Both treatments significantly decelerated the establishment of adenomyosis and progression of EMT, fibroblast-to-myofibroblast trans-differentiation and fibrogenesis in adenomyotic lesions. Thus, we provide the first piece of evidence strongly implicating the involvement of SCs in the pathogenesis of adenomyosis induced by EMID.
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