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Yang S, Zheng Y, Chen X, Lin M, Dai X, Gao F, Chen H, Ma M, Yu S. Inflammatory activity evaluation in patients with axial spondyloarthritis using MRI relaxometry and mucosal-associated invariant T cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1391280. [PMID: 38840918 PMCID: PMC11150633 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1391280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, there is a lack of an objective quantitative measure to comprehensively evaluate the inflammatory activity of axSpA, which poses certain challenges in accurately assessing the disease activity. Objective To explore the value of combined-parameter models of sacroiliac joints (SIJs) MRI relaxometry and peripheral blood Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in evaluating the inflammatory activity of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Methods This retrospective clinical study included 88 axSpA patients (median age 31.0 (22.0, 41.8) years, 21.6% females) and 20 controls (median age 28.0 (20.5, 49.5) years, 40.0% females). The axSpA group was classified into active subgroup (n=50) and inactive subgroup (n=38) based on ASDAS-CRP. All participants underwent SIJs MRI examination including T1 and T2* mapping, and peripheral blood flow cytometry analysis of MAIT cells (defined as CD3+Vα7.2+CD161+) and their activation markers (CD69). The T1 and T2* values, as were the percentages of MAIT cells and CD69+MAIT cells were compared between different groups. Combined-parameter models were established using logistic regression, and ROC curves were employed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy. Results The T1 values of SIJs and %CD69+MAIT cells in the axSpA group and its subgroup were higher than the control group (p<0.05), while %MAIT cells were lower than the control group (p<0.05). The T1 values and %CD69+MAIT cells correlated positively, while %MAIT cells correlated negatively, with the ASDAS-CRP (r=0.555, 0.524, -0.357, p<0.001). Between the control and axSpA groups, and between the inactive and active subgroups, the combined-parameter model T1 mapping+%CD69+MAIT cells has the best efficacy (AUC=0.959, 0.879, sensibility=88.6, 70%, specificity=95.0, 94.7%, respectively). Conclusion The combined-parameter model T1 mapping+%CD69+MAIT cells allows a more accurate evaluation of the level of inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengsheng Yang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yonghong Zheng
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xianyuan Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingui Lin
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Dai
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Rheumatism, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huangjing Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingping Ma
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shun Yu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
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Steen E, McCrum C, Cairns M. A UK survey evaluation of First Contact Practitioners' and musculoskeletal physiotherapists' confidence, recognition, and referral of suspected axial spondyloarthritis. Musculoskeletal Care 2023; 21:380-396. [PMID: 36411378 DOI: 10.1002/msc.1706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Axial Spondyloarthritis is an inflammatory disease associated with significant diagnostic delays. Steen et al. (2021) found inadequate consideration of axial Spondyloarthritis (axSpA) in physiotherapists back pain assessments. Since the previous survey, increased professional education on axSpA has occurred and First Contact Practitioners (FCPs), now widely established in General Practice, are key in supporting earlier recognition. OBJECTIVES (1) To re-evaluate physiotherapists' and evaluate FCPs' awareness, knowledge, and confidence in screening for and recognising features of axSpA and criteria prompting referral to rheumatology. (2) To compare these results to previous research (Steen et al., 2021). DESIGN As per Steen et al. (2021), an online survey was undertaken combining back pain vignettes (reflecting axSpA, non-specific low back pain [NSLBP] and radicular syndrome) and questioning on features of suspected axSpA. RESULTS 165 surveys were analysed. Only 73% (n = 120/165) of respondents recognised the axSpA vignette compared to NSLBP 91% (n = 80/88) and radicular syndrome 88% (n = 68/77). An improvement in axSpA recognition was demonstrated compared with previous data. FCPs performed slightly better with 77% (n = 67/87) of respondents recognising the axSpA vignette. Adequate awareness of national referral guidance was evident in only 55% of 'clinical reasoning' and 6% of 'further subjective screening' responses. There was still misplaced confidence in recognising clinical features of axSpA compared to knowledge levels shown, including high importance given to inflammatory markers. CONCLUSION(S) Musculoskeletal physiotherapists demonstrate some improved knowledge and awareness of axSpA compared with previous study findings. Consideration of axSpA is still not universal in musculoskeletal physiotherapists' or FCPs' approaches to persistent back pain assessments and awareness of national referral guidance remains limited. This study highlights the continued need for professional education. Enhanced knowledge of screening and referral criteria in musculoskeletal clinical practice would support earlier diagnosis and better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Steen
- Manchester Local Care Organisation, Manchester, UK
- University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
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Martín-Noguerol T, Casado-Verdugo OL, Beltrán LS, Aguilar G, Luna A. Role of advanced MRI techniques for sacroiliitis assessment and quantification. Eur J Radiol 2023; 163:110793. [PMID: 37018900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.110793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of MRI was supposed to be a qualitative leap for the evaluation of Sacroiliac Joint (SIJ) in patients with Axial Spondyloarthropathies (AS). In fact, MRI findings such as bone marrow edema around the SIJ has been incorporated into the Assessment in SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS criteria). However, in the era of functional imaging, a qualitative approach to SIJ by means of conventional MRI seems insufficient. Advanced MRI sequences, which have successfully been applied in other anatomical areas, are demonstrating their potential utility for a more precise assessment of SIJ. Dixon sequences, T2-mapping, Diffusion Weighted Imaging or DCE-MRI can be properly acquired in the SIJ with promising and robust results. The main advantage of these sequences resides in their capability to provide quantifiable parameters that can be used for diagnosis of AS, surveillance or treatment follow-up. Further studies are needed to determine if these parameters can also be integrated into ASAS criteria for reaching a more precise classification of AS based not only on visual assessment of SIJ but also on measurable data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oscar L Casado-Verdugo
- Osatek Alta Tecnología Sanitaria S.A., Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hospital Galdakao-Usansolo, Galdakao, Spain
| | - Luis S Beltrán
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Antonio Luna
- MRI Unit, Radiology Department, HT Medica, Jaén, Spain
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Aljohani R, Barradah N, Kashkari A. Awareness and knowledge of the common features of inflammatory back pain among primary care physicians in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31626. [PMID: 36316825 PMCID: PMC9622622 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Often, there is a delay in the diagnosis of inflammatory back pain (IBP) in the primary care setting. This may be attributed to the inability of healthcare providers to distinguish between inflammatory and mechanical back pain. This study aimed to evaluate primary care physicians' current practices for assessing patients with IBP using clinical, radiographic, and laboratory tests. A questionnaire-based survey was emailed to all primary care physicians in the western region of Saudi Arabia by the Saudi Commission of Health Specialists from February to May 2021. The questionnaire included data about axial spondyloarthropathy based on the Calin, Berlin, and European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group criteria. A total of 103 primary care physicians responded who represented around 24% of primary care physicians at primary healthcare. The most often perceived IBP symptoms include a response to NSAIDs, morning stiffness lasting >30 minutes, age of onset <45 years old, duration of back pain >3 months, and improvement with exercise. The most frequently questioned patient or family history conditions were peripheral arthritis (92.2%), family history of spondyloarthritis (83.5%), and inflammatory bowel disease (97.6%). The most-reported investigations were CRP/ESR (86.4%) and spinal radiography (66%). For treatment of IBP, NSAIDs were most prescribed (48.6%), followed by physiotherapy (45.6%) and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (41.7%). Primary care physicians were more confident in management of mechanical back pain than IBP (P < .001). Primary care physicians have good knowledge of IBP symptoms but not of disease-specific features and modest confidence in evaluating patients with IBP, indicating the need for educational programs and a more effective, feasible referral strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roaa Aljohani
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Roaa Aljohani, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Madinah 42312, Saudi Arabia (e-mail: )
| | - Noha Barradah
- Department of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amnah Kashkari
- Department of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. The Journey to Diagnose Spondyloarthritis in Patients From Riyadh: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2022; 14:e29951. [PMID: 36348928 PMCID: PMC9635487 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ankylosing spondylitis, now frequently referred to as spondyloarthritis (SpA), is a chronic inflammatory disease causing axial arthritis and inflammatory lower back pain resulting in the eventual impairment of spinal mobility. Moreover, its systemic complications include stiffness and inflexibility, restriction of lung capacity and function, eye inflammation, compression spinal fractures, and heart problems. Hence, early diagnosis and intervention play a key role in preventing acute complications and improving the quality of life. Objective We aimed to estimate the average duration of diagnosis, the average number of doctors visited, and the association between the specialty of the first physician and the length of SpA diagnosis delay. Methods A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted from November 2019 to April 2020 with patients from King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The patients were 18 years and older and diagnosed with SpA. Call interviews were conducted and patients' medical charts were reviewed. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences statistical software, version 23 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Result The total sample was 101 patients: 59 (58.4%) males and 42 (41.6%) females. The average duration from the onset of symptoms until seeking medical advice (lag 1) and from seeking medical advice until the definite diagnosis (lag 2) was 24.74 ± 48.13 and 16.16 ± 34.62 months, respectively. The average number of doctors visited between the first medical encounter and the final diagnosis was 3.56 ± 5.3. Patients who consulted rheumatologists as the first medical encounter showed less delay in diagnosis compared to patients who sought non-rheumatologists, such as orthopedists, emergency physicians, and general physicians (11.81 ± 33.35 months vs. 26.63 ± 44.28, 26.96 ± 44.88, and 44.33 ± 65.75 months, respectively). Conclusion Patients with SpA who were not seen by rheumatologists took a longer period till the final diagnosis than those who visited rheumatologists earlier in the course of the disease. Therefore, more studies are required to define the exact factors leading to the delay.
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Hwang MC, Rozycki M, Kauffman D, Arndt T, Yi E, Weisman MH. Does Gender Impact a Diagnosis of Ankylosing Spondylitis? ACR Open Rheumatol 2022; 4:540-546. [PMID: 35352497 PMCID: PMC9190217 DOI: 10.1002/acr2.11428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The study objective was to explore differences in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) diagnosis experiences between men and women by examining the coding of health events over the 2 years preceding AS diagnosis. Methods Claims data (January 2006–April 2019) from the MarketScan databases were examined. Patients who had received two or more AS diagnoses at least 30 days apart and had at least 2 years of insurance enrollment before their first AS diagnosis were analyzed. Men were matched 1:1 to women by age, diagnosis date, insurance type, and enrollment duration. Health events (diagnosis and provider codes) were examined over 2 years before AS diagnosis and stratified by gender. Data were analyzed using univariate χ2 tests. Results Among 7744 patients, 274 of 1906 AS‐related codes showed statistically significant differences between men and women. Women received more diagnosis codes than men across diagnoses and providers; the largest difference in diagnosis codes among women versus men was in peripheral symptom coding (57.7% vs. 43.9%, respectively). More women than men received diagnosis codes for depression (21.2% vs. 9.8%) and other musculoskeletal symptoms (52.8% vs. 40.0%); only gout was more common in men (6.5%) than in women (2.2%). Among men, backache codes gradually increased 12 months before AS diagnosis, whereas axial and sacroiliitis coding increased sharply immediately before diagnosis. The greatest difference in physician types visited was for rheumatologists: 64.2% of women had visits compared with 45.1% of men. Conclusion Further investigation into the dissimilarities in diagnostic experiences between men and women is needed to determine whether differences are due to disease phenotype or potential cognitive bias influencing diagnostic decision‐making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Hwang
- McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston
| | | | | | | | - Esther Yi
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey
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Deodhar A, Kiwalkar S, Mehendale T, Bhalerao S. Axial Spondyloarthritis in the Chiropractic Care Setting: A Systematic Literature Review. J Clin Rheumatol 2022; 28:e589-e595. [PMID: 34294660 PMCID: PMC8860198 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000001776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), an immune-mediated inflammatory disease, is commonly associated with chronic inflammatory back pain (IBP) and often occurs years after initial onset of clinical symptoms. Recognition of IBP is important for timely referral of patients with suspected axSpA to a rheumatologist. Patients with all types of back pain are treated in chiropractic care, but the proportion of patients with undiagnosed axSpA is unknown. This systematic literature review investigated the presence of axSpA in patients treated by chiropractors and identified the chiropractor's role in axSpA diagnosis, referral, and management. A PubMed search was conducted using the following search strings: "chiropract*" AND ("sacroiliac" OR "back pain" OR "spondyloarthritis" OR "ankylosing spondylitis"); English language, since 2009; and (chiropractic OR chiropractor) AND (ankylosing spondylitis OR axial spondyloarthritis), with no date limits. Of 652 articles identified in the searches, 27 met the inclusion criteria. Although back pain was identified as a common reason for patients seeking chiropractic care, there was no mention of axSpA, ankylosing spondylitis, or the distinction between mechanical and IBP. Data from relevant articles suggested that the majority of patients seeking chiropractic care have lower back pain, whereas no articles reported axSpA in this patient population. The near absence of any identified articles on axSpA in chiropractic care may be due to underrecognition of axSpA, resulting in delayed rheumatology referral and appropriate management. Better awareness and increased use of validated screening tools could reduce diagnostic delay of axSpA in chiropractic care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Deodhar
- From the Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Sonam Kiwalkar
- From the Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Teja Mehendale
- From the Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
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Improved Performance of Compartments in Detecting the Activity of Axial Spondyloarthritis Based on IVIM DWI with Optimized Threshold
b
Value. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2276102. [PMID: 35047629 PMCID: PMC8763495 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2276102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To explore the diagnostic performance of the optimized threshold b values on IVIM to detect the activity in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients. Method 40 axSpA patients in the active group, 144 axSpA patients in the inactive group, and 20 healthy volunteers were used to evaluate the tissue diffusion coefficient (Dslow), perfusion fraction (f), and pseudodiffusion coefficient (Dfast) with b thresholds of 10, 20, and 30 s/mm2. The Kruskal-Wallis test and one way ANOVA test was used to compare the different activity among the three groups in axSpA patients, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied to evaluate the performance for Dslow, f, and Dfast to detect the activity in axSpA patients, respectively. Results Dslow demonstrated a statistical difference between two groups (P < 0.05) with all threshold b values. With the threshold b value of 30 s/mm2, f could discriminate the active from control groups (P < 0.05). Dslow had similar performance between the active and the inactive groups with threshold b values of 10, 20, and 30 s/mm2 (AUC: 0.877, 0.882, and 0.881, respectively, all P < 0.017). Using the optimized threshold b value of 30 s/mm2, f showed the best performance to separate the active from the inactive and the control groups with AUC of 0.613 and 0.738 (both P < 0.017) among all threshold b values. Conclusion Dslow and f exhibited increased diagnostic performance using the optimized threshold b value of 30 s/mm2 compared with 10 and 20 s/mm2, whereas Dfast did not.
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Al Rayes H, Alazmi M, Alderaan K, Alghamdi M, Alghanim N, Alhazmi A, Alkhadhrawi N, Almohideb M, Alzahrani Z, Bedaiwi M, Halabi H, Attar S. Expert recommendations on early diagnosis and referral of axial spondyloarthritis in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Clin Rheumatol 2022; 41:991-1002. [PMID: 34997382 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-06019-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Axial spondyloarthritis is a chronic inflammatory disorder that primarily involves the axial skeleton (sacroiliac joints and spine), causing stiffness, severe pain and fatigue. In some patients, definitive structural damage of sacroiliac joints is visible on imaging and is known as radiographic axial spondyloarthritis. Some patients do not have a clear radiographic damage of the sacroiliac joints, and this subtype is known as non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis. Early diagnosis is important for reducing the risk of irreversible structural damage and disability. Management of axial spondyloarthritis is challenging in Saudi Arabia because of inadequate disease knowledge and the unavailability of local guidelines. Therefore, this expert consensus is intended to provide recommendations, including the referral pathway, the definition of remission and the treat-to-target approach, to all healthcare professionals for the management of patients with axial spondyloarthritis. A Delphi technique of consensus was developed by involving an expert panel of 10 rheumatologists, 1 dermatologist and 1 general physician. The experts offered consensus-based recommendations based on a review of available scientific evidence and clinical experience for the referral, screening and management of patients with axial spondyloarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Al Rayes
- Department of Medicine, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, 21577, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mansour Alazmi
- Department of Rheumatology, Prince Mohammed Medical City, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Alderaan
- Department of Rheumatology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushabab Alghamdi
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nayef Alghanim
- Department of Rheumatology, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alhazmi
- Department of Medicine, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeer Alkhadhrawi
- Department of Family Medicine, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Almohideb
- Department of Dermatology, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences and King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeyad Alzahrani
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Bedaiwi
- Department of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein Halabi
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suzan Attar
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Schwartzman S, Ruderman EM. A Road Map of the Axial Spondyloarthritis Continuum. Mayo Clin Proc 2022; 97:134-145. [PMID: 34801248 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disease characterized by inflammatory low back pain, inflammation in peripheral joints and entheses, and other extra-articular or systemic manifestations. Although our understanding of the natural history of axSpA has been limited by incomplete knowledge of disease pathogenesis, axSpA is increasingly understood as a spectrum of axial, peripheral, and extra-articular inflammatory conditions that includes nonradiographic axSpA and radiographic axSpA, also known as ankylosing spondylitis. In this narrative review, we present a road map of this axSpA continuum, highlighting genetic risk factors for the development of axSpA, triggers of disease, and reasons for and implications of diagnostic delay. We present a detailed overview of the spectrum of axSpA clinical manifestations and highlight factors known to influence the risk of disease progression. Finally, we provide some expert commentary on the practical use of this road map to assist health care providers in the identification of axSpA in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric M Ruderman
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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11
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Patient Perspectives on Biologics for Axial Spondyloarthritis in a Cross-sectional Study in a Predominantly Female Population: Treatment Satisfaction, Wear-off Between Doses, and Use of Supplemental Medication. Rheumatol Ther 2021; 9:509-520. [PMID: 34958453 PMCID: PMC8964844 DOI: 10.1007/s40744-021-00417-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is limited information regarding treatment experience of patients with axial spondyloarthritis/ankylosing spondylitis (axSpA/AS) receiving biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs). Here we characterize patient experiences and perspectives, including satisfaction among those currently treated with bDMARD therapy for axSpA/AS. We also assess the use of supplemental medication during perceived wear-off between doses. Methods Adult participants from the United States within the ArthritisPower registry with physician-diagnosed axSpA/AS were invited to complete electronic patient-reported outcome measures and an online survey about their perspectives of treatment. Analysis compared patient characteristics and treatment satisfaction by whether wear-off in axSpA/AS between bDMARD doses was reported. Results Of 128 patients currently taking a DMARD, the mean age was 46.9 (10.3) years, 82.0% were female, and 93.8% were White. A total of 78 (60.9%) perceived wear-off with their current bDMARD before the next dose, 19 (14.8%) did not experience wear-off and 31 (24.2%) were unsure about wear-off. Mean (standard deviation [SD]) Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) score indicated poor disease control in all patients receiving bDMARDs (6.4 [1.8]); worse for those perceiving wear-off between doses versus those who did not perceive wear-off or were unsure (6.8 [1.6] vs. 5.9 [2.0], p = 0.011). Patients experiencing wear-off reported being ‘very satisfied’ or ‘somewhat satisfied’ with their treatment less frequently than patients without wear-off (73.1 vs. 89.5%, respectively). Of patients reporting wear-off, 82.1% (n = 64) used supplemental medications during wear-off (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [68.8%, n = 44], muscle relaxants [42.2%, n = 27], and/or opioids [37.5%, n = 24]). Conclusions In a predominantly female sample of bDMARD-treated patients with axSpA/AS and high disease activity, the majority expressed treatment satisfaction. However, most experienced wear-off between doses and relied on supplemental medications, including opioids, to manage symptoms. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40744-021-00417-6.
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Lapane KL, Dubé C, Ferrucci K, Khan S, Kuhn KA, Yi E, Kay J, Liu SH. Patient perspectives on health care provider practices leading to an axial spondyloarthritis diagnosis: an exploratory qualitative research study. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2021; 22:251. [PMID: 34930136 PMCID: PMC8691008 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-021-01599-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The average time to a diagnosis for people with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is 7-10 years. Delayed diagnosis may result in increased structural damage, worse physical function, and worse quality of life relative to patients with a timely axSpA diagnosis. Understanding patient experiences may provide insights for how to reduce diagnostic delays. OBJECTIVE To provide foundational knowledge about patient experiences with healthcare providers leading to an axSpA diagnosis. METHODS We conducted an exploratory qualitative research study with six focus groups interviews with participants recruited from three rheumatology clinics within the United States (MA (n = 3); CO (n = 2); PA (n = 1)) that included a total of 26 adults (10 females, 16 males) with rheumatologist confirmed diagnosis of axSpA in 2019. Focus groups were ~ 2 h, audio recorded, transcribed, and subject to dual coding. The codes reviewed were in relation to the patients' diagnostic experiences. RESULTS Patients described frustrating and lengthy diagnostic journeys. They recognized that the causes of diagnostic delays in axSpA are multifactorial (e.g., no definitive diagnostic test, disease characteristics, lack of primary care provider's awareness about axSpA, trust). Patients described how doctors minimized or dismissed complaints about symptoms or told them that their issues were psychosomatic. Patients believed the healthcare system contributed to diagnostic delays (e.g., lack of time in clinical visits, difficulty accessing rheumatologists, health insurance challenges). Advice to physicians to reduce the diagnostic delay included allowing time for patients to give a complete picture of their illness experience, listening to, and believing patients, earlier referral to rheumatology, provision of HLA-B27 gene testing, and that physicians need to partner with their patients. CONCLUSIONS Patients desire a definitive test that could be administered earlier in the course of axSpA. Until such a test is available, patients want clinicians who listen to, believe, and partner with them, and who will follow them until a diagnosis is reached. Educating primary care clinicians about guidelines and referral for diagnosis of axSpA could reduce diagnostic delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate L Lapane
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA.
| | - Catherine Dubé
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Katarina Ferrucci
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
- Clinical and Population Health Research Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Sara Khan
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Esther Yi
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Jonathan Kay
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Shao-Hsien Liu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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13
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Steen E, McCrum C, Cairns M. Physiotherapists' awareness, knowledge and confidence in screening and referral of suspected axial spondyloarthritis: A survey of UK clinical practice. Musculoskeletal Care 2021; 19:306-318. [PMID: 33547709 DOI: 10.1002/msc.1537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is an inflammatory disease associated with significant diagnostic delays and is commonly missed in assessments of persistent back pain. OBJECTIVE To explore musculoskeletal physiotherapists' awareness, knowledge and confidence in screening for signs, symptoms and risk factors of suspected axSpA and criteria for rheumatology referral. DESIGN An online UK survey was undertaken combining back pain vignettes (reflecting axSpA, non-specific back pain and radicular syndrome) and questioning on features of suspected axSpA. Recruitment utilised online professional forums and social media. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and conceptual content analysis for free text responses. RESULTS 132 survey responses were analysed. Only 67% (88/132) of respondents identified inflammatory pathologies as a possible cause of persistent back pain. Only 60% (79/132) recognised the axSpA vignette compared to non-specific low back pain (94%) and radicular syndrome (80%). Most suspecting axSpA would refer for specialist assessment (77/79; 92%). Awareness of national referral guidance was evident in only 50% of 'clinical reasoning' and 20% of 'further subjective screening' responses. There was misplaced confidence in recognising clinical features of axSpA (≥7/10) compared to knowledge levels shown, including high importance given to inflammatory markers and human leucocyte antigen B27 (median = 8/10). CONCLUSIONS Musculoskeletal physiotherapists may not be giving adequate consideration to axSpA in back pain assessments. Awareness of national referral guidance was also limited. Professional education on screening and referral for suspected axSpA is needed to make axSpA screening and referral criteria core knowledge in musculoskeletal clinical practice, supporting earlier diagnosis and better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Steen
- Physiotherapy Department, Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Allied Health Professions and Midwifery School of Health and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Carol McCrum
- Physiotherapy Department, East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Eastbourne, UK
- Clinical Research Centre for Health Professions, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK
| | - Melinda Cairns
- Department of Allied Health Professions and Midwifery School of Health and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
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14
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Lim WZ, Fong W, Kwan YH, Leung YY. Exploring the Prevalence and Factors Associated With Fatigue in Axial Spondyloarthritis in an Asian Cohort in Singapore. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:603941. [PMID: 33614681 PMCID: PMC7890247 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.603941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of fatigue and the factors associated with fatigue among patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) within an Asian population. Method: We used the baseline data from a clinic registry in a tertiary referral center. All patients fulfilled the 2009 Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) classification criteria for axSpA. Severe fatigue was defined as Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index-fatigue (BASDAI-fatigue) ≥5/10 and vitality domain of Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36 VT) ≤10th percentile of the general population. Results: We included 262 consecutive patients with axSpA (79% men, 82.4% Chinese). The mean (standard deviation, SD) age and duration of disease were 41.7 (13.7) and 10.1 (8.3) years, respectively. 145 (55.3%) and 52 (31.1%) patients reported severe fatigue by the BASDAI-fatigue and SF-36 VT criteria, respectively. Patients with severe fatigue had worse scores across all disease activity assessments and disease impact measures compared to those without severe fatigue. Using principal component analyses, disease activity and impact were associated with BASDAI-fatigue, while disease activity and impact, and disease chronicity were associated with SF-36 VT. In the univariable analyses, all disease activity assessments and disease impact measures correlated with both BASDAI-fatigue and SF-36 VT. In the multivariable analyses, BASDAI-axial pain, BASFI, BAS-G, and ethnicity were associated with BASDAI-fatigue, while ASQoL and BASDAI-morning stiffness were associated with SF-36 VT. Conclusion: Fatigue is prevalent amongst patients with axSpA in Asia and is associated with disease activity, disease impact as well as patient related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ze Lim
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Warren Fong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Ying Ying Leung
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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15
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Magrey MN, Danve AS, Ermann J, Walsh JA. Recognizing Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Guide for Primary Care. Mayo Clin Proc 2020; 95:2499-2508. [PMID: 32736944 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is an important cause of chronic low back pain and affects approximately 1% of the US population. The back pain associated with axSpA has a characteristic pattern referred to as inflammatory back pain (IBP). Features of IBP include insidious onset before age 45 years, association with morning stiffness, improvement with exercise but not rest, alternating buttock pain, and good response to treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In patients with IBP, it is essential to look for other features associated with spondyloarthritis (SpA), such as enthesitis, dactylitis, peripheral arthritis, extra-articular manifestations (eg, psoriasis, uveitis, or inflammatory bowel disease), human leukocyte antigen B27 positivity, and a family history of SpA. Axial SpA is underrecognized, and a delay of several years between symptom onset and diagnosis is common. However, with new and effective therapies available for the treatment of active axSpA, early recognition and diagnosis are of critical importance. For this narrative review, we conducted a literature search of English-language articles using PubMed. Individual searches were performed to identify potential articles of interest related to axSpA (search terms: ["axSpA" OR "axial SpA" OR "axial spondyloarthritis" OR "ankylosing spondylitis"]) in combination with terms related to IBP ("inflammatory back pain" OR "IBP" OR "chronic back pain" OR "CBP" OR "lower back pain" OR "LBP"), diagnosis (["diagn∗" OR "classification"] AND ["criteria" OR "recommend∗" OR "guidelines"]), and referral ("refer∗"). No date range was formally selected, as we were interested in providing an overview of the evolution of these concepts in clinical practice. We supplemented the review with insights based on our clinical expertise. Patients with chronic back pain should be screened for IBP and other SpA features; suspicion for axSpA should trigger referral to a rheumatologist for further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina N Magrey
- MetroHealth System and School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.
| | | | - Joerg Ermann
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jessica A Walsh
- University of Utah and Salt Lake City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT
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16
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Yi E, Ahuja A, Rajput T, George AT, Park Y. Clinical, Economic, and Humanistic Burden Associated With Delayed Diagnosis of Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Systematic Review. Rheumatol Ther 2020; 7:65-87. [PMID: 31965538 PMCID: PMC7021861 DOI: 10.1007/s40744-020-00194-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have evaluated the impact of delayed diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) on the overall burden of disease. The objective of this review was to evaluate the available literature on the clinical, economic, and humanistic burden of delayed diagnosis in patients with axSpA. METHODS This systematic literature review was conducted and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched the MEDLINE and Embase databases for English-language publications of original research articles (up to July 12, 2018) and conference abstracts (January 1, 2014, to July 12, 2018) reporting studies of adult patients with delayed diagnosis of axSpA associated with clinical, economic, or humanistic burden. Retrieved publications were screened for eligibility by two independent reviewers; discrepancies were resolved by a third independent reviewer. Data were extracted by one reviewer and validated by a second independent reviewer. RESULTS A total of 1391 publications were retrieved, of which 21 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Of these, 15 reported data on clinical burden, nine on economic burden, and six on humanistic burden, with eight studies reporting a combination of clinical, economic, and/or humanistic burden. Patients with a delayed diagnosis of axSpA generally had higher disease activity, worse physical function, and more structural damage than those who received an earlier diagnosis. Patients with a delayed diagnosis also had a greater likelihood of work disability and higher direct and indirect healthcare costs than those who received an earlier diagnosis. Delayed diagnosis was associated with a greater likelihood for depression, negative psychological impacts, and worse quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Delayed axSpA diagnosis was associated with more functional impairment, higher healthcare costs, and worse quality of life, highlighting the importance of early recognition of axSpA to reduce extensive burden on patients and society. Plain language summary available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Yi
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA.
| | - Amit Ahuja
- Novartis Healthcare Pvt Ltd., Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | - Yujin Park
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
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17
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Wei JCC, Chen HH, Hsieh TY, Lan HHC, Tseng JC, Liu CH, Chen YC, Tsai WC, Wu HTH, Chou CT. Clinical practice recommendations for the use of imaging in the diagnosis and management of axial spondyloarthritis in Taiwan. Int J Rheum Dis 2019; 23:24-36. [PMID: 31833212 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease bearing challenges in early diagnosis. To improve clinical diagnosis and management of axSpA, recommendations were developed with current axSpA classification criteria and recent advances in medical imaging applications. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted by 10 rheumatologists and radiologists in Taiwan to retrieve research evidence on the utilization of imaging modalities, including conventional radiography (CR), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), ultrasound (US), quantitative sacroiliac scintigraphy (QSS), and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The panel of experts proposed six key issues on the role of imaging in early diagnosis of axSpA, monitoring of disease activity and structural changes, predicting treatment effects, and assessing complications such as osteoporosis and spinal fracture. The consensus was established on the basis of research evidence, clinical experiences and expert opinions. For each recommendation statement, the level of evidence was evaluated, the strength of recommendation was graded and the final level of agreement was determined through voting. RESULTS In total, four overarching principles and 13 recommendations were formulated. These recommendations outlined different imaging approaches in the diagnosis and management of axSpA disease progression. Considering CT is easy to perform when MRI is less available in Taiwan, the expert panel proposed a concise and practical diagnostic scheme to strengthen the valuable role of MRI and CT in the diagnostic evaluation of axSpA without evident radiographic features. CONCLUSION These modified recommendations provide guidance for rheumatologists, radiologists and healthcare professionals on timely diagnosis of axSpA and disease management with appropriate imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Cheng-Chung Wei
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chun Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hua Chen
- Division of Allergy Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Science and Rong-Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Industrial Engineering and Enterprise Information, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Yi Hsieh
- Division of Allergy Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Clinical Training, Department of Medical Education, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Jui-Cheng Tseng
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hsiu Liu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chou Chen
- Departments of Rheumatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chan Tsai
- Department of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ta Hondar Wu
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Musculoskeletal Section, Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Tei Chou
- Division of Allergy Immunology and Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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18
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Luchetti MM, Benfaremo D, Bendia E, Bolognini L, Fava G, Marini F, Di Sario A, Ciferri M, Di Nicola F, Marconi V, Perini L, Manfredi L, Pomponio G, Mosca P, Benedetti A, Gabrielli A. Clinical and patient reported outcomes of the multidisciplinary management in patients with inflammatory bowel disease-associated spondyloarthritis. Eur J Intern Med 2019; 64:76-84. [PMID: 31047747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Arthritis is the most frequent extra-intestinal manifestation in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The coexistence of intestinal and articular inflammation advocates the need for a multidisciplinary management of patients with IBD-associated spondyloarthritis. METHODS Consecutive IBD patients were evaluated jointly by the gastroenterologist and the rheumatologist in a combined clinic. All the patients were assessed and screened for articular involvement, disease activity and health related quality of life. After the prescription of a shared treatment, patients with spondyloarthritis were followed up for 24 months. RESULTS Two hundred sixty-two IBD patients, including 80 who were classified as affected by spondyloarthritis according to the ASAS criteria, were included in the study. At baseline, patients with both IBD and spondyloarthritis showed worse quality of life in both the physical and mental domains. The multidisciplinary management provided a significant improvement of gastrointestinal and articular manifestations, as well as the health-related quality of life. Moreover, global and gastrointestinal-specific quality of life significantly correlated with articular disease activity. CONCLUSION The multidisciplinary management significantly improves both articular and gastrointestinal disease activities and the quality of life of patients with IBD-associated spondyloarthritis. An appropriate screening strategy and the integrated management of these patients should be encouraged and employed in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Maria Luchetti
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica Medica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Devis Benfaremo
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica Medica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bendia
- Clinica di Gastroenterologia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy; IBD-UNIT, and Dipartimento Gastroenterologico e dei Trapianti, Polo Ospedaliero-Universitario "Umberto I-G.M. Lancisi- G. Salesi", 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Laura Bolognini
- IBD-UNIT, and Dipartimento Gastroenterologico e dei Trapianti, Polo Ospedaliero-Universitario "Umberto I-G.M. Lancisi- G. Salesi", 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giammarco Fava
- IBD-UNIT, and Dipartimento Gastroenterologico e dei Trapianti, Polo Ospedaliero-Universitario "Umberto I-G.M. Lancisi- G. Salesi", 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Marini
- IBD-UNIT, and Dipartimento Gastroenterologico e dei Trapianti, Polo Ospedaliero-Universitario "Umberto I-G.M. Lancisi- G. Salesi", 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Sario
- Clinica di Gastroenterologia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy; IBD-UNIT, and Dipartimento Gastroenterologico e dei Trapianti, Polo Ospedaliero-Universitario "Umberto I-G.M. Lancisi- G. Salesi", 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Monia Ciferri
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica Medica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Nicola
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica Medica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Valentina Marconi
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica Medica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Lucia Perini
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica Medica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Lucia Manfredi
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica Medica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pomponio
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica Medica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Mosca
- IBD-UNIT, and Dipartimento Gastroenterologico e dei Trapianti, Polo Ospedaliero-Universitario "Umberto I-G.M. Lancisi- G. Salesi", 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Benedetti
- Clinica di Gastroenterologia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy; IBD-UNIT, and Dipartimento Gastroenterologico e dei Trapianti, Polo Ospedaliero-Universitario "Umberto I-G.M. Lancisi- G. Salesi", 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Armando Gabrielli
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica Medica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
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Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) affects up to one-third of patients with psoriasis. It is the major comorbidity of psoriasis because of the likelihood that loss of function and permanent disability will develop if initiation of treatment is delayed. Dermatologists are uniquely positioned to recognize early signs of PsA and be the first-line healthcare practitioners to detect PsA in patients with psoriasis. PsA can affect six clinical domains: peripheral arthritis, dactylitis, enthesitis, psoriasis, psoriatic nail disease, and axial disease. However, not every patient will have involvement of all domains and the domains affected can change over time. Complicating the diagnosis is the condition's similarity with other arthritic diseases and potential heterogeneity. In this article, we provide practical guidance for dermatologists for detecting PsA in patients with psoriasis. We also review the available treatment options by each clinical domain of PsA and give advice on how to interpret the results of PsA clinical trials. Through early recognition of PsA in patients with psoriasis and initiation of proper treatment, dermatologists can help to prevent PsA disease progression, irreversible joint damage, and resultant permanent disability, and improve quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Gottlieb
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph F Merola
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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20
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Danve A, Deodhar A. Axial spondyloarthritis in the USA: diagnostic challenges and missed opportunities. Clin Rheumatol 2018; 38:625-634. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-018-4397-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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21
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Ghosh N, Ruderman EM. Nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis: clinical and therapeutic relevance. Arthritis Res Ther 2017; 19:286. [PMID: 29273055 PMCID: PMC5741895 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-017-1493-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) provide for the inclusion of patients with a wide range of presentations and manifestations. While not considered a formal subclassification, patients are often divided into radiographic or nonradiographic axSpA based on the presence or absence of radiographic sacroiliitis. This review will focus on nonradiographic axSpA and will discuss clinical manifestations of disease that distinguish, or in many cases do not distinguish, this entity from other individuals with axSpA. This review will also cover treatment paradigms for nonradiographic axSpA, particularly the use of biologic therapies, where current data suggest that nonradiographic disease should be managed largely the same as radiographic disease, or classical ankylosing spondylitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilasha Ghosh
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 675 North St. Clair, Suite 14-100, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Eric M. Ruderman
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 675 North St. Clair, Suite 14-100, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
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