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Badawi MI, Hafez KS. The significance of nanoparticles in brain cancer diagnosis and treatment: modeling and simulation. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2022; 8. [PMID: 35405668 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ac6629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A numerical analysis of specific absorption rate (SAR) and temperature distributions in a realistic human head model is presented in this study. The key challenge is to rise cancer temperature to an optimal temperature without heating nearby healthy tissues. The model's uniqueness is that it captures the effect of nanoparticles on both brain cancer diagnosis and treatment. A realistic human head model with a cancerous brain segmented from 2D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) gained from an actual patient using 3D Slicer, modeled, and simulated using CST-Microwave Studio, and illuminated by Archimedes spiral antenna. At frequencies of 2450 MHz and 915 MHz, the model simulated the absence and presence of various nanoparticles. The obtained results suggest that when using nanoparticles, it is possible to achieve sufficient energy deposition and temperature rise to therapeutic values (greater than 42 °C) in brain cancers using the proposed noninvasive hyperthermia system at 915 MHz frequency, especially for gold nanoparticles, without harming surrounding healthy tissue. Our research might pave the way for a clinical applicator prototype that can heat brain cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I Badawi
- Biomedical Equipment Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Karim S Hafez
- Biomedical Equipment Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Hamad EM, Khaffaf A, Yasin O, Abu El-Rub Z, Al-Gharabli S, Al-Kouz W, Chamkha AJ. Review of Nanofluids and Their Biomedical Applications. JOURNAL OF NANOFLUIDS 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jon.2021.1806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Numerous researchers have reported significant improvements in nanofluid (NF) heat transfer (HT), suspension stability, thermal conductivity (TC), and rheological and mass transfer properties. As a result, nanofluids (NFs) play an important role in a variety of applications, including
the health and biomedical engineering industries. The majority of the nanofluids (NFs) literature focuses on analyzing and comprehending the behavior of nanofluid models as heating or cooling mechanisms in various fields. This article represents a comprehensive study on nanofluids (NFs). It
involves commonly used nanoparticles (NPs), magnetic nanofluids (MNFs), thermal conductivity (TC) enhancement, heat transfer (HT) enhancement, nanofluids (NFs) synthesis methods, stability evaluation methods, stability enhancement, nanofluids (NFs) applications in the biomedical field, and
their impact on health and the environment. Nanofluids (NFs) play vital role in biomedical applications. It can be implemented in drug delivery systems, hyperthermia, sterilization processes, bioimaging, lubrication of orthopedic implants, and micro-pumping systems for drugs and hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyad M. Hamad
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Applied Medical Sciences, German Jordanian University, Amman, 11180 Jordan
| | - Aseel Khaffaf
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Applied Medical Sciences, German Jordanian University, Amman, 11180 Jordan
| | - Omar Yasin
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Applied Medical Sciences, German Jordanian University, Amman, 11180 Jordan
| | - Ziad Abu El-Rub
- Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering Department, School of Applied Medical Sciences, German Jordanian University, Amman, 11180 Jordan
| | - Samer Al-Gharabli
- Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering Department, School of Applied Medical Sciences, German Jordanian University, Amman, 11180 Jordan
| | - Wael Al-Kouz
- Mechanical and Maintenance Engineering Department, School of Applied Technical Sciences, German Jordanian University, Amman, 11180 Jordan
| | - Ali J. Chamkha
- Faculty of Engineering, Kuwait College of Science and Technology, Doha District, 35004 Kuwait
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Kabiri A, Talaee MR. Analysis of hyperbolic Pennes bioheat equation in perfused homogeneous biological tissue subject to the instantaneous moving heat source. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-021-04379-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe one-dimensional hyperbolic Pennes bioheat equation under instantaneous moving heat source is solved analytically based on the Eigenvalue method. Comparison with results of in vivo experiments performed earlier by other authors shows the excellent prediction of the presented closed-form solution. We present three examples for calculating the Arrhenius equation to predict the tissue thermal damage analysis with our solution, i.e., characteristics of skin, liver, and kidney are modeled by using their thermophysical properties. Furthermore, the effects of moving velocity and perfusion rate on temperature profiles and thermal tissue damage are investigated. Results illustrate that the perfusion rate plays the cooling role in the heating source moving path. Also, increasing the moving velocity leads to a decrease in absorbed heat and temperature profiles. The closed-form analytical solution could be applied to verify the numerical heating model and optimize surgery planning parameters.
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Kosari E, Vafai K. Thermal tissue damage analysis for magnetothermal neuromodulation and lesion size minimization. BRAIN MULTIPHYSICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brain.2020.100014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Models and Indicators to Assess Thermal Sensation Under Steady-state and Transient Conditions. ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en12050841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The assessment of thermal sensation is the first stage of many studies aimed at addressing thermal comfort and at establishing the related criteria used in indoor and outdoor environments. The study of thermal sensation requires suitable modelling of the human body, taking into account the factors that affect the physiological and psychological reactions that occur under different environmental conditions. These aspects are becoming more and more relevant in the present context in which thermal sensation and thermal comfort are represented as objectives or constraints in a wider range of problems referring to the living environment. This paper first considers the models of the human body used in steady-state and transient conditions. Starting from the conceptual formulations of the heat balance equations, this paper follows the evolution occurred during the years to refine the models. This evolution is also marked by the availability of increasingly higher computational capability that enabled the researchers developing transient models with a growing level of detail and accuracy, and by the validation of the models through experimental studies that exploit advanced technologies. The paper then provides an overview of the indicators used to characterise the local and overall thermal sensation, indicating the relations with local and overall thermal comfort.
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