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Poletti L, Rovegno C, Di Carmine G, Vacchi F, Ragno D, Brandolese A, Massi A, Dambruoso P. Efficiency in Carbon Dioxide Fixation into Cyclic Carbonates: Operating Bifunctional Polyhydroxylated Pyridinium Organocatalysts in Segmented Flow Conditions. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041530. [PMID: 36838518 PMCID: PMC9960811 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel polyhydroxylated ammonium, imidazolium, and pyridinium salt organocatalysts were prepared through N-alkylation sequences using glycidol as the key precursor. The most active pyridinium iodide catalyst effectively promoted the carbonation of a set of terminal epoxides (80 to >95% yields) at a low catalyst loading (5 mol%), ambient pressure of CO2, and moderate temperature (75 °C) in batch operations, also demonstrating high recyclability and simple downstream separation from the reaction mixture. Moving from batch to segmented flow conditions with the operation of thermostated (75 °C) and pressurized (8.5 atm) home-made reactors significantly reduced the process time (from hours to seconds), increasing the process productivity up to 20.1 mmol(product) h-1 mmol(cat)-1, a value ~17 times higher than that in batch mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Poletti
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Caterina Rovegno
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity of the Italian National Research Council, CNR Area della Ricerca di Bologna, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Graziano Di Carmine
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Filippo Vacchi
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity of the Italian National Research Council, CNR Area della Ricerca di Bologna, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniele Ragno
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Arianna Brandolese
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Massi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (P.D.); Tel.: +39-051-6399765 (P.D.)
| | - Paolo Dambruoso
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity of the Italian National Research Council, CNR Area della Ricerca di Bologna, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (P.D.); Tel.: +39-051-6399765 (P.D.)
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Efficient synthesis of cyclic carbonate via transformation of CO2 catalyzed by solid-base bifunctional graphitic carbon nitride materials. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04856-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Zhang Y, Liu K, Wu L, Huang H, Xu Z, Long Z, Tong M, Gu Y, Qin Z, Chen G. POSS and imidazolium-constructed ionic porous hypercrosslinked polymers with multiple active sites for synergistic catalytic CO 2 transformation. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:11878-11888. [PMID: 34370805 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02067f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we reported a facile one-pot approach to construct polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) and imidazolium-based ionic porous hypercrosslinked polymers (denoted as iPHCPs) with multiple active sites towards efficient catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) to high value-added cyclic carbonates. The targeted iPHCPs were synthesized from a rigid molecular building block octavinylsilsesquioxane (VPOSS) and a newly-designed phenyl-based imidazolium ionic crosslinker through the AlCl3-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts reaction. The desired multiple active sites come from the mixed anions including free Cl- and Br- anions, and in situ formed Lewis acidic metal-halogen complex anions [AlCl3Br]- within imidazolium moieties and POSS-derived Si-OH groups during the synthetic process. The typical polymer iPHCP-12 possesses a hierarchical micro-/mesoporous structure with a high surface area up to 537 m2 g-1 and shows a fluffy nano-morphology. By virtue of the co-existence of free nucleophilic Cl- and Br- anions, the metal complex anion [AlCl3Br]- with both electrophilic and nucleophilic characters and electrophilic hydrogen bond donor (HBD) Si-OH groups, iPHCP-12 is regarded as an efficient recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for synergistic catalytic conversion of CO2 with various epoxides into cyclic carbonates under mild conditions. The present work provides a succinct one-pot strategy to construct task-specific ionic porous hypercrosslinked polymers from easily available modules for the targeted catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China.
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4
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Kumar R, Sahoo SC, Nanda PK. A
μ
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‐Oxo Bridged Tetranuclear Zinc Complex as an Efficient Multitask Catalyst for CO
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Conversion. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202001094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raman Kumar
- Department of Applied Science University Institute of Engineering and Technology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014 India
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Advance Studies in Chemistry Panjab University Chandigarh 160014 India
| | - Subash C. Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Advance Studies in Chemistry Panjab University Chandigarh 160014 India
| | - Prasant K. Nanda
- Department of Applied Science University Institute of Engineering and Technology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014 India
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Yue S, Qu H, Song X, Zang S, Deng G. Hydroxy acid-functionalized ionic liquids as green alternatives for the efficient catalytic conversion of epoxides to cyclic carbonates under solvent and co-catalyst-free conditions. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01128f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Environmentally friendly synthesis route of carbonates from CO2 and epoxides catalysed by novel hydroxy acid ionic liquids under metal/halogen/cocatalyst/solvent-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yue
- Institute of Rare and Scattered Elements Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Hongliu Qu
- Institute of Rare and Scattered Elements Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Xinxin Song
- Institute of Rare and Scattered Elements Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Shuliang Zang
- Quanzhou Vocational and Technical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Guichun Deng
- Quanzhou Vocational and Technical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
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6
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Zhou F, Deng Q, Huang N, Zhou W, Deng W. CO
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Fixation into Cyclic Carbonates by a Zn‐Salen Based Conjugated Microporous Polymer. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202001538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuyu Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development Key Laboratory of Functional Yeast China National Light Industry College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences China Three Gorges University 8 University Road Yichang City 443002, Hubei P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University Qingdao City 266237, Shandong P. R. China
| | - Qiwen Deng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development Key Laboratory of Functional Yeast China National Light Industry College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences China Three Gorges University 8 University Road Yichang City 443002, Hubei P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University Qingdao City 266237, Shandong P. R. China
| | - Nianyu Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development Key Laboratory of Functional Yeast China National Light Industry College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences China Three Gorges University 8 University Road Yichang City 443002, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University Qingdao City 266237, Shandong P. R. China
| | - Weiqiao Deng
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University Qingdao City 266237, Shandong P. R. China
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