Visible light-enabled iron-catalyzed selenocyclization of N-methoxy-2-alkynylbenzamide

Synthesis of deuteriodifluoromethylthiolated isocoumarins-1-imines and isocoumarins enabled by multi-component reagents system (MCRS)

The combining use of BnSCF2D, mCPBA and Tf2O serves as an efficient multi-component reagents system (MCRS) for the synthesis of deuteriodifluoromethylthiolated isocoumarins-1-imines/isocoumarins via intramolecular cyclization/deuteriodifluoromethylthiolation of 2-alkynylbenzamides/2-alkynylbenzoates. The approach features the generation of the crucial reactive electrophilic sulfonium salt through a sequence process involving the oxidation of BnSCF2D by mCPBA followed by Tf2O promoted activation.

Lighting Up the Organochalcogen Synthesis: A Concise Update of Recent Photocatalyzed Approaches

This review describes the recent advances in photocatalyzed reactions to form new carbon–sulfur and carbon–selenium bonds. With a total of 136 references, of which 81 articles are presented, the authors introduce in five sections an updated picture of the state of the art in the light-promoted synthesis of organochalcogen compounds (from 2019 to present). The light-promoted synthesis of sulfides by direct sulfenylation of C–C π-bonds; synthesis of sulfones; the activation of Csp2–N bond in the formation of Csp2–S bonds; synthesis of thiol ester, thioether and thioacetal; and the synthesis of organoselenium compounds are discussed, with detailed reaction conditions and selected examples for each protocol.

The Effects of SiO2/Al2O3 and H2O/Al2O3 Molar Ratios on SAPO-34 Catalyst in the Methanol to Olefin Process

Informed through synthesis and characterization of NH ₃ TPD, BET techniques, the current study investigated the right contribution of silicon and water content on a 9 sample SAPO-34 catalyst with different molar ratios. The final prepared SAPO-34 catalytic performed reaction for the Methanol to olefin process was processed and reported at 410 0 C a reactor of fixed-bed. It was shown that catalysts with different SiO₂ /Al₂O₃ and H₂O/Al ₂ O ₃ ratios demonstrated high ethylene and propylene selectivity, due to their intensified crystallinity and size of crystals (1.3 to 1.7 μm). The highest degrees of ethylene and propylene selectivity for 3 samples were 50.25, 21.20, and 48.44, 19.16 respectively. Samples with ratios of different that possess high density and acute acidic sites to deactivate rapidly. The high density of acute acidic sites promoted the ultimate response to saturated hydrocarbons and aromatics based on olefins’ hydrogen transfer to and resulted in the coke generation on the top layer of the catalyst.

Photoredox/Iron Dual-Catalyzed Insertion of Acyl Nitrenes into C-H Bonds

In this work, the use of N-acyloxybenzamides as efficient acyl nitrene precursors under photoredox/iron dual catalysis is reported. The resulting acyl nitrenes could be captured by various types of C-H bonds and S- or P-containing molecules. Mechanism investigations suggested that the formation of the acyl nitrene from the N-acyloxybenzamide occurs by a photoredox process, and it is believed that in this redox process oxidative N-H bond cleavage of the N-acyloxybenzamide occurs prior to reductive N-O bond cleavage of the N-acyloxybenzamide.

A Review of High-Energy Density Lithium-Air Battery Technology: Investigating the Effect of Oxides and Nanocatalysts

In vehicles that require a lot of electricity, such as electric vehicles, it is necessary to use high-energy batteries. Among the developed batteries, the lithium-ion battery has shown better performance. This battery has an energy density of 10 equal to that of a lithium-ion battery and uses air oxygen as the active material of the cathode and anode like a lithium-ion battery made of lithium metal. The cathode used in these batteries must have special properties such as strong catalytic activity and high conductivity, and nanotechnology has greatly helped to improve the materials used in the cathode of lithium-air batteries. The importance of proper catalyst distribution and the relationship between the oxide product and the catalyst and the indirect effect of the ORR catalyst on the OER reaction is not present in the fuel cell. The maximum capacity of lithium-air battery theory using graphene under optimal electron conduction conditions and the experimental maximum obtained for graphene by optimizing the structure geometry, examples of structural engineering using carbon fiber and carbon nanotubes in cathode fabrication with the ability to perform the reaction properly while providing space for lithium oxide placement, are examined. This article describes the mechanism of this battery, and its components are examined. The challenges of using this battery and the application of nanotechnology to solve these challenges are also discussed.

Ag doped Sn3O4 nanostructure and immobilized on hyperbranched polypyrrole for visible light sensitized photocatalytic, antibacterial agent and microbial detection process

Ag doped Sn₃O₄ Nanostructure and immobilized on hyperbranched polypyrrole is investigated in this project. The product was synthesized by the hydrothermal synthesis method. The surface and structural characteristics of the product was studied by different instrumental analysis. The fabricated nanocomposites was utilized as a nano photocatalyst in the removal of methylene blue dye. The crystallography results depicts the triclinic phase of Sn₃O₄ with the crystallite size 36.3 nm. The band gap of the Ag-Sn₃O₄/hyperbranched polypyrrole was found 1.50 eV from kubelka-munk measurements. The specific surface area was increased in the presence of the hyperbranched polypyrrole as compared to Ag-Sn₃O₄ samples. The photo-catalytic activity of composites was found 100.0% degradation of CR in 30 min under visible light irradiation. The catalytic kinetic was followed from the first kinetic model. Moreover, the Ag/Sn₃O₄/hyperbranched polypyrrole was applied as a bactericidal agent against Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. Determination of Streptococcus pyogenes as a pathogenic bacteria was investigated by using aptamer/Ag/Sn₃O₄/hyperbranched polypyrrole in peroxidase activity. The detection limit of S. pyogenes was 71.0 CFU/mL by using the nano-aptamer.

Photosensitization of fucoxanthin-graphene complexes: A computational approach

Photosensitization of fucoxanthin-graphene (FX-GR) complexes were investigated in this work for detecting their roles of irradiating energy absorptions. To this aim, density functional theory (DFT computational approach as employed to obtain the optimized structures and their corresponding molecular orbital features. Both of original linear models of FX and its broken models, LFX and RFX, were investigated for attaching to a brigading GR molecular model. In this regard, the models were optimized to obtain the minimized energy configurations, in which for double-attachment of FG to the GR coroner atoms, Cis and Trans configurations were obtained for the FX-GR complex models. Based on the obtained achievements of molecular orbitals photosensitization features, the models were varied by the absorbed wavelengths making them suitable for various applications. In this regard, both of shorter and longer irradiated wavelengths were applicable for the purpose.

A molecular modeling on the boron trichloride gas detection by S- and Cr-doped graphyne

Here, we scrutinize the adsorption of boron trichloride (BCl₃) on pure, S-doped, and Cr-doped graphyne by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. BCl₃ interacts weakly with pure graphyne, so it cannot be employed as a sensor. Despite the strengthening of interaction through S-doping, we cannot still employ the S-doped sheet as a sensor. Nevertheless, there is a considerable increase in the sensitivity and reactivity of the sheet through substituting the transition metal Cr for the C. There is a reduction in the HOMO-LUMO gap of Cr-doped graphyne from 2.18 to 1.38 eV when BCl₃ is adsorbed, thereby increasing the electrical conductivity to a great extent. Hence, it is possible to convert the considerable change in conductivity into an electronic signal, which demonstrates the encouraging nature of Cr-doped graphyne as a sensor to detect BCl₃. Additionally, the adsorption process reduces the work function of graphyne to a great extent, which demonstrates that we can also employ it as a work function-type sensor for detecting BCl₃.

Evaluation of the multifunctional activity of silver bionanocomposites in environmental remediation and inhibition of the growth of multidrug-resistant pathogens

Imperata cylindrica cellulose supported Ag bionanocomposites purified industrial water and controlled the contagious diseases with high potential activity.