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Yao X, Wang C, Yu W, Sun L, Lv Z, Xie X, Tian S, Yan L, Li L, Liu J. BCAS2 regulates oocyte meiotic prophase I by participating in mRNA alternative splicing. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23361. [PMID: 38085152 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301234rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Oocyte meiotic prophase I (MI) is an important event in female reproduction. Breast cancer amplified sequence 2 (BCAS2) is a component of the spliceosome. Previous reports have shown that BCAS2 is critical in male germ cell meiosis, oocyte development, and early embryo genome integrity. However, the role of BCAS2 in oocyte meiosis has not been reported. We used Stra8-GFPCre mice to knock out Bcas2 in oocytes during the pachytene phase. The results of fertility tests showed that Bcas2 conditional knockout (cKO) in oocytes results in infertility in female mice. Morphological analysis showed that the number of primordial follicles in the ovaries of 2-month-old (M) mice was significantly reduced and that follicle development was blocked. Further analysis showed that the number of primordial follicles decreased and that follicle development was slowed in 7-day postpartum (dpp) ovaries. Moreover, primordial follicles undergo apoptosis, and DNA damage cannot be repaired in primary follicle oocytes. Meiosis was abnormal; some oocytes could not reach the diplotene stage, and more oocytes could not develop to the dictyotene stage. Alternative splicing (AS) analysis revealed abnormal AS of deleted in azoospermia like (Dazl) and diaphanous related formin 2 (Diaph2) oogenesis-related genes in cKO mouse ovaries, and the process of AS was involved by CDC5L and PRP19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaofan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiran Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Longjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Yang L, Fan X, Tian K, Yan S, Xu C, Tian Y, Xiao C, Jia X, Shi J, Bai Y, Li W. Dynamic Expression Profile of Follicles at Different Stages in High- and Low-Production Laying Hens. Genes (Basel) 2023; 15:40. [PMID: 38254930 PMCID: PMC10815237 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Improving the efficiency of hens and extending the egg-laying cycle require maintaining high egg production in the later stages. The ovarian follicles, as the primary functional units for ovarian development and oocyte maturation, play a crucial role in regulating the continuous ovulation of hens. The egg production rate of laying hens is mostly affected by proper follicle growth and ovulation in the ovaries. The objective of this study was to identify the key genes and signaling pathways involved in the development of ovarian follicles in Taihang hens through transcriptome screening. In this study, RNA sequencing was used to compare and analyze the transcriptomes of ovarian follicles at four developmental stages: small white follicles (SWF), small yellow follicles (SYF), F5 follicles, and F2 follicles, from two groups: the high continual production group (H-Group) and the low continual production group (L-Group). A total of 24 cDNA libraries were constructed, and significant differential expression of 96, 199, 591, and 314 mRNAs was detected in the SWF, SYF, F5, and F2 follicles of the H and L groups, respectively. Based on the results of GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, each stage of follicle growth possesses distinct molecular genetic features, which have important effects on follicle development and significantly promote the formation of continuous production traits through the biosynthesis of steroid hormones, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. Additionally, through STEM analysis, we identified 59 DEGs, including ZP4, KCNH1, IGFs, HMGA2, and CDH1, potentially associated with follicular development within four significant modules. This study represents the first transcriptome investigation of follicles in hens with high and low egg-producing characteristics at four crucial developmental stages. These findings provide important molecular evidence for understanding the regulation of follicular development and its variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.Y.); (X.F.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (C.X.); (C.X.); (X.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Xuewei Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.Y.); (X.F.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (C.X.); (C.X.); (X.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Kaiyuan Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.Y.); (X.F.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (C.X.); (C.X.); (X.J.); (J.S.)
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Sensen Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.Y.); (X.F.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (C.X.); (C.X.); (X.J.); (J.S.)
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Chunhong Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.Y.); (X.F.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (C.X.); (C.X.); (X.J.); (J.S.)
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yixiang Tian
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinxiang 453003, China;
| | - Chengpeng Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.Y.); (X.F.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (C.X.); (C.X.); (X.J.); (J.S.)
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xintao Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.Y.); (X.F.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (C.X.); (C.X.); (X.J.); (J.S.)
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Junlai Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.Y.); (X.F.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (C.X.); (C.X.); (X.J.); (J.S.)
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ying Bai
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
| | - Wenting Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.Y.); (X.F.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (C.X.); (C.X.); (X.J.); (J.S.)
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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Therapeutic Effect of Melatonin in Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: Hippo Pathway Is Involved. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3425877. [PMID: 36017238 PMCID: PMC9398856 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3425877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a female reproductive disorder of unknown etiology with no definite pathogenesis. Melatonin (MT) is an endogenous hormone synthesized mainly by pineal cells and has strong endogenous effects in regulating ovarian function. To systematically explore the pharmacological mechanism of MT on POI therapy, a literature review approach was conducted at the signaling pathways level. Methods Relevant literatures were searched and downloaded from databases, including PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, using the keywords “premature ovarian insufficiency,” “Hippo signaling pathways,” and “melatonin.” The search criteria were from 2010 to 2022. Text mining was also performed. Results MT is involved in the regulation of Hippo signaling pathway in a variety of modes and has been correlated with ovarian function. Conclusions The purpose of this review is to summarize the research progress of Hippo signaling pathways and significance of MT in POI, the potential crosstalk between MT and Hippo signaling pathways, and the prospective therapy.
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Kaune H, Montiel JF, Fenwick M, Williams SA. Rapid ovarian transcript changes during the onset of premature ovarian insufficiency. REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY 2022; 3:RAF-22-0036. [PMID: 35972313 PMCID: PMC9513667 DOI: 10.1530/raf-22-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The manuscript has been submitted without altering abstract in line with Reproduction's Flexible Submission Process. The abstract is extended and thus does not fit this space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidy Kaune
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
- Program of Ethics and Public Policies in Human Reproduction, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan F Montiel
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mark Fenwick
- Academic Unit of Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Suzannah A Williams
- Nuffield Department of Women’s and Reproductive Health, Women’s Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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A novel variant of NPPC causes abnormal post-translational cleavage: A candidate gene for premature ovarian insufficiency. Maturitas 2022; 157:40-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Xu H, Xia Y, Qin J, Xu J, Li C, Wang Y. Effects of low intensity pulsed ultrasound on expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 and BCL2-Associated X in premature ovarian failure mice induced by 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2021; 19:113. [PMID: 34284777 PMCID: PMC8290625 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-021-00799-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a common disease in the field of Gynecology. Low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) can promote tissue repair and improve function. This study was performed to determine the effects of LIPUS on granulosa cells (GCs) apoptosis and protein expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and BCL2-Associated X (Bax) in 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD)-induced POF mice and investigate the mechanisms of LIPUS on ovarian function and reserve capacity. METHODS The current POF mice model was administrated with VCD (160 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection for 15 consecutive days. The mice were divided into the POF group, LIPUS group and control group. In the LIPUS group, the right ovary of mice was treated by LIPUS (acoustic intensity was 200 mW/cm2, frequency was 0.3 MHz, and duty cycle was 20%) for 20 min, 15 consecutive days from day 16. The mice of the POF group and control group were treated without ultrasonic output. The basic observation and body weight were recorded. Hematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E staining) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were applied to detect ovarian follicle development, ovarian morphology and sex hormone secretion. Ovarian GCs apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The results showed that VCD can induce estrus cycle disorder, follicular atresia, sex hormone secretion decreased and GCs apoptosis in mice to establish POF model successfully. LIPUS significantly promoted follicular development, increased sex hormone secretion, inhibited excessive follicular atresia and GCs apoptosis. The mechanism might be achieved by increasing the protein expression of Bcl-2 and decreasing the expression of Bax in ovaries. CONCLUSIONS LIPUS can improve the POF induced by VCD. These findings have the potential to provide novel methodological foundation for the future research, which help treat POF patients in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haopeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Qin
- Department of Gynaecology, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guizhou, 550003, China
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Chongyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China.
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Frost ER, Ford EA, Peters AE, Reed NL, McLaughlin EA, Baker MA, Lovell-Badge R, Sutherland JM. Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 and STAT3 are expressed in the human ovary and have Janus kinase 1-independent functions in the COV434 human granulosa cell line. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:1027-1039. [PMID: 32758351 DOI: 10.1071/rd20098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian granulosa cells are fundamental for oocyte maintenance and maturation. Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of members of the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signalling pathway in the granulosa cell population of mouse and horse ovaries, with perturbation of JAK1 signalling in the mouse shown to impair oocyte maintenance and accelerate primordial follicle activation. The presence and role of the JAK/STAT pathway in human granulosa cells has yet to be elucidated. In this study, expression of JAK1, STAT1 and STAT3 was detected in oocytes and granulosa cells of human ovarian sections from fetal (40 weeks gestation) and premenopausal ovaries (34-41 years of age; n=3). To determine the effects of JAK1 signalling in granulosa cells, the human granulosa-like cell line COV434 was used, with JAK1 inhibition using ruxolitinib. Chemical inhibition of JAK1 in COV434 cells with 100nM ruxolitinib for 72h resulted in significant increases in STAT3 mRNA (P=0.034) and p-Y701-STAT1 protein (P=0.0117), demonstrating a role for JAK1 in modulating STAT in granulosa cells. This study implicates a conserved role for JAK/STAT signalling in human ovary development, warranting further investigation of this pathway in human granulosa cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Frost
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy and Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; and Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK; and Corresponding author.
| | - E A Ford
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy and Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - A E Peters
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy and Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - N L Reed
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy and Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - E A McLaughlin
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy and Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; and School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; and School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - M A Baker
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy and Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - R Lovell-Badge
- Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - J M Sutherland
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy and Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
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Dong WY, Wang Y, Zhou ZS, Guo JY. Sox genes in Agasicles hygrophila (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) are involved in ovarian development and oogenesis. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 105:e21721. [PMID: 32557787 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The alligator weed flea beetle, Agasicles hygrophila is a monophagous natural enemy of the invasive alligator weed Alternanthera philoxeroides. Oogenesis plays a vital role in the process of individual development and population continuation of oviparous insects. Sox is an ancient and ubiquitous metazoan gene family that plays a key regulatory role in various physiological processes, including oogenesis, which is closely related to fecundity. In this study, two Sox genes AhDichaete and AhSox3 were cloned and characterized, and then the expression profiles of AhDichaete and AhSox3 were qualified by a quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The result showed that these two Sox genes were expressed significantly higher in ovary, especially in the adult developmental stage. Furthermore, the functions of AhDichaete and AhSox3 in A. hygrophila females were studied using RNA interference (RNAi). Fewer offsprings were produced when AhDichaete and AhSox3 RNAi females mated with wild-type males. Moreover, dsAhSox3 injection reduced the hatching rate of eggs but injection with dsAhDichaete did not. Further study of the reproductive system of AhDichaete and AhSox3 RNAi females showed that yolk protein deposition reduction in the ovarioles, then the expression of vitellogenin gene AhVg2 in ovaries was decreased. These results indicate that AhDichaete and AhSox3 play an important regulatory role in the process of ovarian development and oogenesis by affecting yolk synthesis in the ovary of A. hygrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ying Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Shi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Ying Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhang J, Huang X, Liu Y, He Y, Yu H. A comparison of the effects of Chinese non-pharmaceutical therapies for premature ovarian failure: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and network meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20958. [PMID: 32590807 PMCID: PMC7328983 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premature ovarian failure (POF) is commonly treated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Many patients with POF choose acupuncture as a complementary therapy over HRT, due to possible adverse reactions. This systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) compares the efficacy of different forms of acupuncture therapies for POF. METHODS Seven databases including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Wanfang database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure database, VIP Chinese Science, and Chinese Biomedical Database were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of various acupuncture treatments for POF. This time spanned from the date of database inception to January 13, 2020. RevMan 5.3 was used to assess the bias risk of the studies. A NMA of the included studies was performed using Stata14.0. RESULTS A total of 408 items were searched in this study, and finally this NMA included 16 RCTS, involving 1,307 patients. It showed that acupuncture (OR:1.35,95%1.24 to 1.47) has the best effectiveness among the four acupuncture (standardized mean difference [SMD]-16.30,95% -31.33 to -1.28) is the most effective and the best in reducing follicle-stimulating hormone levels among the four acupuncture treatments. Acupuncture (SMD 26.67,95%5.95 to 47.40) and acupoint embedding (SMD41.14,95%11.90 to 70.37) were ranked in the top 2 positions, in improving estradiol, whereas acupuncture (SMD-4.90,95% -8.10 to -1.70) was than acupoint embedding and HRT, in reducing luteinizing hormone level. In addition, our conclusions have not changed significantly after the sensitivity analysis.Protocol registration number: CRD42020150508. CONCLUSION With clinical evidence summarized by NMA, it is observed that acupuncture is the most promising therapy for improving menopausal symptoms, decreasing serum follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone level. Therefore, acupuncture could be effective for patients with POF, who are intolerant to the adverse effects of hormone replacement therapy or who would prefer non-drug therapies. Further multi-center and high-quality RCT studies should be conducted to make our conclusion more rigorous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhuan Zhang
- The fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xingxian Huang
- Department of Acupuncture, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- Department of Acupuncture, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuhai He
- Department of Acupuncture, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haibo Yu
- Department of Acupuncture, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangdong Province, China
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Veitia RA. Primary ovarian insufficiency, meiosis and DNA repair. Biomed J 2020; 43:115-123. [PMID: 32381463 PMCID: PMC7283561 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a major cause of female infertility. It is a heterogeneous disease that affects about 1% of women under 40 years of age. POI may be due to abnormal follicle stock formation, increased follicular atresia, impaired recruitment of dominant follicles, blocked follicular maturation or rapid depletion of the follicular stock. It remains idiopathic in most cases but the existence of familial cases shows that it can have a genetic origin. Next generation sequencing (NGS) strategies have allowed the identification of new genes involved in the etiology of POI. Here, I briefly describe some studies demonstrating that pathogenic variants in ‘DNA repair and meiotic genes’ underlie POI. Some of the examples show the power of the combination of classical genetics and NGS in the discovery of novel ‘POI genes’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiner A Veitia
- Paris-Saclay University, Institute for Biology Francois Jacob, Atomic Energy Commissariat, Fontenay aux Roses, France; University of Paris, National Center for Scienftic Research (CNRS), Jacques Monod Institute, Paris, France.
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Quintero-Ronderos P, Laissue P. The multisystemic functions of FOXD1 in development and disease. J Mol Med (Berl) 2018; 96:725-739. [PMID: 29959475 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-018-1665-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) participate in a wide range of cellular processes due to their inherent function as essential regulatory proteins. Their dysfunction has been linked to numerous human diseases. The forkhead box (FOX) family of TFs belongs to the "winged helix" superfamily, consisting of proteins sharing a related winged helix-turn-helix DNA-binding motif. FOX genes have been extensively present during vertebrates and invertebrates' evolution, participating in numerous molecular cascades and biological functions, such as embryonic development and organogenesis, cell cycle regulation, metabolism control, stem cell niche maintenance, signal transduction, and many others. FOXD1, a forkhead TF, has been related to different key biological processes such as kidney and retina development and embryo implantation. FOXD1 dysfunction has been linked to different pathologies, thereby constituting a diagnostic biomarker and a promising target for future therapies. This paper aims to present, for the first time, a comprehensive review of FOXD1's role in mouse development and human disease. Molecular, structural, and functional aspects of FOXD1 are presented in light of physiological and pathogenic conditions, including its role in human disease aetiology, such as cancer and recurrent pregnancy loss. Taken together, the information given here should enable a better understanding of FOXD1 function for basic science researchers and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Quintero-Ronderos
- Center For Research in Genetics and Genomics-CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 No. 63C-69, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Paul Laissue
- Center For Research in Genetics and Genomics-CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 No. 63C-69, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Richards JS, Ren YA, Candelaria N, Adams JE, Rajkovic A. Ovarian Follicular Theca Cell Recruitment, Differentiation, and Impact on Fertility: 2017 Update. Endocr Rev 2018; 39:1-20. [PMID: 29028960 PMCID: PMC5807095 DOI: 10.1210/er.2017-00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The major goal of this review is to summarize recent exciting findings that have been published within the past 10 years that, to our knowledge, have not been presented in detail in previous reviews and that may impact altered follicular development in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and premature ovarian failure in women. Specifically, we will cover the following: (1) mouse models that have led to discovery of the derivation of two precursor populations of theca cells in the embryonic gonad; (2) the key roles of the oocyte-derived factor growth differentiation factor 9 on the hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway and theca cell functions; and (3) the impact of the HH pathway on both the specification of theca endocrine cells and theca fibroblast and smooth muscle cells in developing follicles. We will also discuss the following: (1) other signaling pathways that impact the differentiation of theca cells, not only luteinizing hormone but also insulinlike 3, bone morphogenic proteins, the circadian clock genes, androgens, and estrogens; and (2) theca-associated vascular, immune, and fibroblast cells, as well as the cytokines and matrix factors that play key roles in follicle growth. Lastly, we will integrate what is known about theca cells from mouse models, human-derived theca cell lines from patients who have PCOS and patients who do not have PCOS, and microarray analyses of human and bovine theca to understand what pathways and factors contribute to follicle growth as well as to the abnormal function of theca.
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Affiliation(s)
- JoAnne S. Richards
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Yi A. Ren
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Nicholes Candelaria
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Jaye E. Adams
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Aleksandar Rajkovic
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Magee-Women’s Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
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13
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Laissue P. The molecular complexity of primary ovarian insufficiency aetiology and the use of massively parallel sequencing. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 460:170-180. [PMID: 28743519 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a frequently occurring pathology, leading to infertility. Genetic anomalies have been described in POI and mutations in numerous genes have been definitively related to the pathogenesis of the disease. Some studies based on next generation sequencing (NGS) have been successfully undertaken as they have led to identify new mutations associated with POI aetiology. The purpose of this review is to present the most relevant molecules involved in diverse complex pathways, which may contribute towards POI. The main genes participating in bipotential gonad formation, sex determination, meiosis, folliculogenesis and ovulation are described to enable understanding how they may be considered putative candidates involved in POI. Considerations regarding NGS technical aspects such as design and data interpretation are mentioned. Successful NGS initiatives used for POI studying and future challenges are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Laissue
- Center For Research in Genetics and Genomics-CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
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14
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Patiño LC, Beau I, Carlosama C, Buitrago JC, González R, Suárez CF, Patarroyo MA, Delemer B, Young J, Binart N, Laissue P. New mutations in non-syndromic primary ovarian insufficiency patients identified via whole-exome sequencing. Hum Reprod 2017; 32:1512-1520. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dex089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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15
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Patiño LC, Silgado D, Laissue P. A potential functional association between mutant BMPR2 and primary ovarian insufficiency. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2017; 63:145-149. [PMID: 28306340 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2017.1291767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) affects ~1% of women in the general population. Despite numerous attempts at identifying POI genetic aetiology, coding mutations in only a few genes have been functionally related to POI pathogenesis. It has been suggested that mutant BMPR2 might contribute towards the phenotype. Several BMP15 (a BMPR2 ligand) coding mutations in human species have been related to POI pathogenesis. The BMPR2 p.Ser987Phe mutation, previously identified in a woman with POI, might therefore lead to cellular dysfunction contributing to the phenotype. To explore such an assumption, the present study assessed potential pathogenic subcellular localization/aggregation patterns associated with the p.Ser987Phe mutant form of BMPR2 in a relevant model for studying ovarian function. A significant increase in protein-like aggregation patterns was identified at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) which permitted us to establish, for the first time, a potential functional association between mutant BMPR2 and POI aetiology. Since BMPR2 mutant forms were previously related to idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, BMPR2 mutations may be related to an as-yet-to-be described syndromic form of POI involving pulmonary dysfunction. Additional assays are necessary to confirm that BMPR2 abnormal subcellular patterns are composed by aggregates. ABBREVIATIONS POI: primary ovarian insufficiency; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; NGS: next generation sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Catherine Patiño
- a Centro de Investigación en Genética y Genómica-CIGGUR, Grupo GENIUROS, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud , Universidad del Rosario , Bogotá , Colombia
| | - Daniel Silgado
- a Centro de Investigación en Genética y Genómica-CIGGUR, Grupo GENIUROS, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud , Universidad del Rosario , Bogotá , Colombia
| | - Paul Laissue
- a Centro de Investigación en Genética y Genómica-CIGGUR, Grupo GENIUROS, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud , Universidad del Rosario , Bogotá , Colombia
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16
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Ramineni A, Coman D. De Novo 3q22.3q24 Microdeletion in a Patient With Blepharophimosis-Ptosis-Epicanthus Inversus Syndrome, Dandy-Walker Malformation, and Wisconsin Syndrome. Child Neurol Open 2016; 3:2329048X16666362. [PMID: 28503614 PMCID: PMC5417291 DOI: 10.1177/2329048x16666362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Interstitial deletions affecting the long arm of chromosome 3 have been associated with a broad phenotype. This has included the features of blepharophimosis–ptosis–epicanthus inversus syndrome, Dandy-Walker malformation, and the rare Wisconsin syndrome. The authors report a young female patient presenting with features consistent with all 3 of these syndromes. This has occurred in the context of a de novo 3q22.3q24 microdeletion including FOXL2, ZIC1, and ZIC4. This patient provides further evidence for the role of ZIC1 and ZIC4 in Dandy-Walker malformation and is the third reported case of Dandy-Walker malformation to have associated corpus callosum thinning. This patient is also only the seventh to be reported with the rare Wisconsin syndrome phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Ramineni
- Department of Paediatrics, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Discipline of Paediatrics, UnitingCare Clinical School, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Neuroscience Department, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Coman
- Department of Paediatrics, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Discipline of Paediatrics, UnitingCare Clinical School, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Neuroscience Department, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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17
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Fauchereau F, Shalev S, Chervinsky E, Beck-Fruchter R, Legois B, Fellous M, Caburet S, Veitia RA. A non-sense MCM9 mutation in a familial case of primary ovarian insufficiency. Clin Genet 2016; 89:603-7. [PMID: 26771056 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) results in an early loss of ovarian function, and remains idiopathic in about 80% of cases. Here, we have performed a complete genetic study of a consanguineous family with two POI cases. Linkage analysis and homozygosity mapping identified 12 homozygous regions with linkage, totalling 84 Mb. Whole-exome sequencing of the two patients and a non-affected sister allowed us to detect a homozygous causal variant in the MCM9 gene. The variant c.1483G>T [p.E495*], confirmed using Sanger sequencing, introduced a premature stop codon in coding exon 8 and is expected to lead to the loss of a functional protein. MCM9 belongs to a complex required for DNA repair by homologous recombination, and its impairment in mouse is known to induce meiotic recombination defects and oocyte degeneration. A previous study recently described two consanguineous families in which homozygous mutations of MCM9 were responsible for POI and short stature. Interestingly, the affected sisters in the family described here had a normal height. Altogether, our results provide the confirmation of the implication of MCM9 variants in POI and expand their phenotypic spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fauchereau
- Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France.,Department of Biology, Université Paris Diderot-Paris VII, Paris Cedex, France
| | - S Shalev
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.,Genetic Institute, Haemek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - E Chervinsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.,Genetic Institute, Haemek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | | | - B Legois
- Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France.,Department of Biology, Université Paris Diderot-Paris VII, Paris Cedex, France
| | - M Fellous
- Department of Genetics and Development, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Descartes-Paris V, Paris, France
| | - S Caburet
- Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France.,Department of Biology, Université Paris Diderot-Paris VII, Paris Cedex, France
| | - R A Veitia
- Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France.,Department of Biology, Université Paris Diderot-Paris VII, Paris Cedex, France
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18
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Laissue P. Aetiological coding sequence variants in non-syndromic premature ovarian failure: From genetic linkage analysis to next generation sequencing. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 411:243-57. [PMID: 25960166 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a frequent pathology affecting 1-1.5% of women under 40 years old. Despite advances in diagnosing and treating human infertility, POF is still classified as being idiopathic in 50-80% of cases, strongly suggesting a genetic origin for the disease. Different types of autosomal and X-linked genetic anomalies can originate the phenotype in syndromic and non-syndromic POF cases. Particular interest has been focused on research into non-syndromic POF causative coding variants during the past two decades. This has been based on the assumption that amino acid substitutions might modify the intrinsic physicochemical properties of functional proteins, thereby inducing pathological phenotypes. In this case, a restricted number of mutations might originate the disease. However, like other complex pathologies, POF might result from synergistic/compensatory effects caused by several low-to-mildly drastic mutations which have frequently been classified as non-functional SNPs. Indeed, reproductive phenotypes can be considered as quantitative traits resulting from the subtle interaction of many genes. Although numerous sequencing projects have involved candidate genes, only a few coding mutations explaining a low percentage of cases have been described. Such apparent failure to identify aetiological coding sequence variations might have been due to the inherent molecular complexity of mammalian reproduction and to the difficulty of simultaneously analysing large genomic regions by Sanger sequencing. The purpose of this review is to present the molecular and cellular effects caused by non-synonymous mutations which have been formally associated, by functional tests, with the aetiology of hypergonadotropic non-syndromic POF. Considerations have also been included regarding the polygenic nature of reproduction and POF, as well as future approaches for identifying novel aetiological genes based on next generation sequencing (NGS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Laissue
- Unidad de Genética, Grupo GENIUROS, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
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19
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Fonseca DJ, Patiño LC, Suárez YC, de Jesús Rodríguez A, Mateus HE, Jiménez KM, Ortega-Recalde O, Díaz-Yamal I, Laissue P. Next generation sequencing in women affected by nonsyndromic premature ovarian failure displays new potential causative genes and mutations. Fertil Steril 2015; 104:154-62.e2. [PMID: 25989972 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify new molecular actors involved in nonsyndromic premature ovarian failure (POF) etiology. DESIGN This is a retrospective case-control cohort study. SETTING University research group and IVF medical center. PATIENT(S) Twelve women affected by nonsyndromic POF. The control group included 176 women whose menopause had occurred after age 50 and had no antecedents regarding gynecological disease. A further 345 women from the same ethnic origin (general population group) were also recruited to assess allele frequency for potentially deleterious sequence variants. INTERVENTION(S) Next generation sequencing (NGS), Sanger sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The complete coding regions of 70 candidate genes were massively sequenced, via NGS, in POF patients. Bioinformatics and genetics were used to confirm NGS results and to identify potential sequence variants related to the disease pathogenesis. RESULT(S) We have identified mutations in two novel genes, ADAMTS19 and BMPR2, that are potentially related to POF origin. LHCGR mutations, which might have contributed to the phenotype, were also detected. CONCLUSION(S) We thus recommend NGS as a powerful tool for identifying new molecular actors in POF and for future diagnostic/prognostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Janeth Fonseca
- Unidad de Genética, Grupo GENIUROS, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Liliana Catherine Patiño
- Unidad de Genética, Grupo GENIUROS, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Yohjana Carolina Suárez
- Unidad de Genética, Grupo GENIUROS, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Asid de Jesús Rodríguez
- Unidad de Genética, Grupo GENIUROS, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Heidi Eliana Mateus
- Unidad de Genética, Grupo GENIUROS, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Karen Marcela Jiménez
- Unidad de Genética, Grupo GENIUROS, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Oscar Ortega-Recalde
- Unidad de Genética, Grupo GENIUROS, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | | | - Paul Laissue
- Unidad de Genética, Grupo GENIUROS, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia.
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20
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Bayram Y, Gulsuner S, Guran T, Abaci A, Yesil G, Gulsuner HU, Atay Z, Pierce SB, Gambin T, Lee M, Turan S, Bober E, Atik MM, Walsh T, Karaca E, Pehlivan D, Jhangiani SN, Muzny D, Bereket A, Buyukgebiz A, Boerwinkle E, Gibbs RA, King MC, Lupski JR. Homozygous loss-of-function mutations in SOHLH1 in patients with nonsyndromic hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:E808-14. [PMID: 25774885 PMCID: PMC4422898 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-1150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism presents in females with delayed or arrested puberty, primary or secondary amenorrhea due to gonadal dysfunction, and is further characterized by elevated gonadotropins and low sex steroids. Chromosomal aberrations and various specific gene defects can lead to hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Responsible genes include those with roles in gonadal development or maintenance, sex steroid synthesis, or end-organ resistance to gonadotropins. Identification of novel causative genes in this disorder will contribute to our understanding of the regulation of human reproductive function. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to identify and report the gene responsible for autosomal-recessive hypergonadotropic hypogonadism in two unrelated families. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS Clinical evaluation and whole-exome sequencing were performed in two pairs of sisters with nonsyndromic hypergonadotropic hypogonadism from two unrelated families. RESULTS Exome sequencing analysis revealed two different truncating mutations in the same gene: SOHLH1 c.705delT (p.Pro235fs*4) and SOHLH1 c.27C>G (p.Tyr9stop). Both mutations were unique to the families and segregation was consistent with Mendelian expectations for an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance. CONCLUSIONS Sohlh1 was known from previous mouse studies to be a transcriptional regulator that functions in the maintenance and survival of primordial ovarian follicles, but loss-of-function mutations in human females have not been reported. Our results provide evidence that homozygous-truncating mutations in SOHLH1 cause female nonsyndromic hypergonadotropic hypogonadism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavuz Bayram
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (Y.B., T.Ga., M.M.A., E.K., D.P., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics (S.G., H.U.G., S.B.P., M.L., T.W., M.-C.K.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195; Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (T.Gu., Z.A., S.T., A.Be.), Marmara University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey 34899; Department of Pediatric Endocrinology (A.Ab., E.Bob., A.Bu.), Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey 35340; Department of Medical Genetics (G.Y.), Bezmialem University, Istanbul, Turkey 34093; Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M., E.Boe., R.A.G.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Human Genetics Center (E.Boe.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Texas Children's Hospital (J.R.L.), Houston, Texas 77030
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21
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Bouilly J, Roucher-Boulez F, Gompel A, Bry-Gauillard H, Azibi K, Beldjord C, Dodé C, Bouligand J, Mantel AG, Hécart AC, Delemer B, Young J, Binart N. New NOBOX mutations identified in a large cohort of women with primary ovarian insufficiency decrease KIT-L expression. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:994-1001. [PMID: 25514101 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-2761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a major cause of anovulation and infertility in women. This disease affects 1% of women before 40 years, and several genetic causes have been reported. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of NOBOX mutations in a new large cohort of women with POI and to characterize these variants and identify a NOBOX novel target gene. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 213 unrelated patients with POI were screened for NOBOX mutations, and luciferase reporter assays were performed for the mutations identified. RESULTS We reported 3 novel and 2 recurrent heterozygous missense NOBOX rare variants found in 12 patients but not in 724 alleles from ethnic-matched individual women with occurrence of menopause at a normal age. Their functional impact had been tested on the classic growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF9) promoter and on KIT-L, a new NOBOX target gene. The p.Gly91Thr, p.Gly111Arg, p.Arg117Trp, p.Lys371Thr, and p.Pro619Leu mutations were deleterious for protein function. CONCLUSIONS In our series, 5.6% of the patients with POI displayed heterozygous NOBOX mutations. We demonstrate that KIT-L could be now a direct NOBOX target. These findings replicate the high prevalence of the association between the NOBOX rare variants and POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Bouilly
- Inserm U693 (J.B., J.B., A.G.M., J.Y., N.B.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94276, France; Université Paris-Sud (J.B., J.Y., N.B.), Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94276, France; Service d'Hormonologie, d'Endocrinologie Moléculaire et Des Maladies Rares (F.R.-B.), Centre De Biologie et Pathologie Est, Université Lyon 1, 69677 Bron, France; Unité de Gynécologie Endocrinienne (A.G.), Université Paris-Descartes, l'Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, 75014 Paris, France; l'Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (H.B-G., J.Y., N.B.), Hôpital de Bicêtre, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94276, France; Centre d'Aide Médicale à la Procréation (H.B-G.), CHI 94000 Créteil, France; Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire (K.A., C.B., C.D.), Hôpital Cochin, l'Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Université Paris-Descartes, 75006 Paris, France; l'Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (J.B., A.G.M.), Service de Génétique Moléculaire, Pharmacogénétique et Hormonologie, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94276, France; and Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (A.-C.H., B.D.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51092 Reims, France
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22
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MicroRNA-22-3p is down-regulated in the plasma of Han Chinese patients with premature ovarian failure. Fertil Steril 2015; 103:802-7.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.12.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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23
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Kristensen SG, Ebbesen P, Andersen CY. Transcriptional profiling of five isolated size-matched stages of human preantral follicles. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 401:189-201. [PMID: 25528519 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Little is known of the early stages of human follicular development and the complex processes that regulate follicular growth. To identify genes of potential importance, we analysed follicle-related transcripts in five populations of isolated size-matched human preantral follicles by microarray analysis. Oocyte-specific genes were found to be the most abundant and differentially expressed transcripts and included germ cell transcription factors LHX8 and SOHLH2 which were significantly down-regulated during preantral follicle development. Differentially expressed genes also included transcription factors of NOTCH signalling, IGF2, orphan nuclear receptor LRH-1, and homeobox gene HOXA7, indicating potentially important regulatory roles for these genes during early human folliculogenesis. We also found that FSHR mRNA and protein were present in the earliest stages of preantral follicles, whereas LHR was absent. In conclusion, our data identify specific oocyte and somatic genes in small human follicles that impact early follicle growth, and provide foundation for further analysis of the signalling pathways involved in early human folliculogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Gry Kristensen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology - Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Pernille Ebbesen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology - Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Yding Andersen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology - Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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24
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Transcription factor SOHLH1 potentially associated with primary ovarian insufficiency. Fertil Steril 2014; 103:548-53.e5. [PMID: 25527234 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether gene variants of SOHLH1 exist in Chinese and Serbian patients with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). DESIGN Case-control genetic study. SETTING University hospitals. PATIENT(S) A total of 364 Han Chinese and 197 Serbian women with nonsyndromic POI and ethnically matched controls. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) SOHLH1 gene sequencing. RESULT(S) We found 10 novel heterozygous variants in our cohorts of 561 women with POI but none in the 600 ethnically matched controls. Statistical and bioinformatic analyses indicated that three of the eight variants in Chinese POI cases are potentially disease causing. They comprise two missense variants (p.Ser317Phe and p.Glu376Lys) that might each change activity of the SOHLH1 protein as a transcription factor and one variant (c.*118C>T) located in the 3' untranslated region of the SOHLH1 gene, which might generate a new binding site for the microRNA hsa-miR-888-5p. Of the two variants in the Serbian POI cases, both were synonymous, and no missense variant was identified. The allele frequencies of some known single-nucleotide polymorphisms were statistically significantly different between patients and controls in both the Chinese and Serbian groups. CONCLUSION(S) Our results suggest that SOHLH1 may be regarded as a new candidate gene for POI.
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BMP15 c.-9C>G promoter sequence variant may contribute to the cause of non-syndromic premature ovarian failure. Reprod Biomed Online 2014; 29:627-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Ayed W, Amouri A, Hammami W, Kilani O, Turki Z, Harzallah F, Bouayed-Abdelmoula N, Chemkhi I, Zhioua F, Slama CB. Cytogenetic abnormalities in Tunisian women with premature ovarian failure. C R Biol 2014; 337:691-4. [PMID: 25433561 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
To identify the distribution of chromosome abnormalities among Tunisian women with premature ovarian failure (POF) referred to the department of Cytogenetic at the Pasteur Institute of Tunis (Tunisia), standard cytogenetic analysis was carried out in a total of 100 women younger than 40 affected with premature ovarian failure. We identified 18 chromosomal abnormalities, including seven X-numerical anomalies in mosaic and non-mosaic state (45,X; 47,XXX), four sex reversal, three X-structural abnormalities (terminal deletion and isochromosomes), one autosomal translocation and one supernumerary marker. The overall prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities was 18% in our cohort. X chromosome aneuploidy was the most frequent aberration. This finding confirms the essential role of X chromosome in ovarian function and underlies the importance of cytogenetic investigations in the routine management of POF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiem Ayed
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, Université El-Manar, 15, rue Djebel-Lakhdhar, La Rabta, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Amouri
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, Université El-Manar, 15, rue Djebel-Lakhdhar, La Rabta, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Wajih Hammami
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, Université El-Manar, 15, rue Djebel-Lakhdhar, La Rabta, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Kilani
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, Université El-Manar, 15, rue Djebel-Lakhdhar, La Rabta, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Zinet Turki
- Endocrinology Department, La Rabta Hospital and Al Manar University Tunis, rue Djebel-Lakhdhar, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Harzallah
- Hôpital régional Mahmoud El Matri, rue Ibnou-Khaldoun, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Nouha Bouayed-Abdelmoula
- Département d'histologie embryologie, faculté de médicine de Sfax, boulevard Majida-Boulila, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Imen Chemkhi
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fethi Zhioua
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aziza Othmana University Hospital, place du Gouvernement, La Kasba, 1008 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Claude Ben Slama
- Endocrinology Department, La Rabta Hospital and Al Manar University Tunis, rue Djebel-Lakhdhar, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
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A high resolution map of mammalian X chromosome fragile regions assessed by large-scale comparative genomics. Mamm Genome 2014; 25:618-35. [PMID: 25086724 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-014-9537-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal evolution involves multiple changes at structural and numerical levels. These changes, which are related to the variation of the gene number and their location, can be tracked by the identification of syntenic blocks (SB). First reports proposed that ~180-280 SB might be shared by mouse and human species. More recently, further studies including additional genomes have identified up to ~1,400 SB during the evolution of eutherian species. A considerable number of studies regarding the X chromosome's structure and evolution have been undertaken because of its extraordinary biological impact on reproductive fitness and speciation. Some have identified evolutionary breakpoint regions and fragile sites at specific locations in the human X chromosome. However, mapping these regions to date has involved using low-to-moderate resolution techniques. Such scenario might be related to underestimating their total number and giving an inaccurate location. The present study included using a combination of bioinformatics methods for identifying, at base-pair level, chromosomal rearrangements occurring during X chromosome evolution in 13 mammalian species. A comparative technique using four different algorithms was used for optimizing the detection of hotspot regions in the human X chromosome. We identified a significant interspecific variation in SB size which was related to genetic information gain regarding the human X chromosome. We found that human hotspot regions were enriched by LINE-1 and Alu transposable elements, which may have led to intraspecific chromosome rearrangement events. New fragile regions located in the human X chromosome have also been postulated. We estimate that the high resolution map of X chromosome fragile sites presented here constitutes useful data concerning future studies on mammalian evolution and human disease.
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Homozygous inactivating mutation in NANOS3 in two sisters with primary ovarian insufficiency. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:787465. [PMID: 25054146 PMCID: PMC4098983 DOI: 10.1155/2014/787465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Despite the increasing understanding of female reproduction, the molecular diagnosis of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is seldom obtained. The RNA-binding protein NANOS3 poses as an interesting candidate gene for POI since members of the Nanos family have an evolutionarily conserved function in germ cell development and maintenance by repressing apoptosis. We performed mutational analysis of NANOS3 in a cohort of 85 Brazilian women with familial or isolated POI, presenting with primary or secondary amenorrhea, and in ethnically-matched control women. A homozygous p.Glu120Lys mutation in NANOS3 was identified in two sisters with primary amenorrhea. The substituted amino acid is located within the second C2HC motif in the conserved zinc finger domain of NANOS3 and in silico molecular modelling suggests destabilization of protein-RNA interaction. In vitro analyses of apoptosis through flow cytometry and confocal microscopy show that NANOS3 capacity to prevent apoptosis was impaired by this mutation. The identification of an inactivating missense mutation in NANOS3 suggests a mechanism for POI involving increased primordial germ cells (PGCs) apoptosis during embryonic cell migration and highlights the importance of NANOS proteins in human ovarian biology.
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Fowler PA, Childs AJ, Courant F, MacKenzie A, Rhind SM, Antignac JP, Le Bizec B, Filis P, Evans F, Flannigan S, Maheshwari A, Bhattacharya S, Monteiro A, Anderson RA, O'Shaughnessy PJ. In utero exposure to cigarette smoke dysregulates human fetal ovarian developmental signalling. Hum Reprod 2014; 29:1471-89. [PMID: 24847019 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deu117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION How does maternal cigarette smoking disturb development of the human fetal ovary? SUMMARY ANSWER Maternal smoking increases fetal estrogen titres and dysregulates several developmental processes in the fetal ovary. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Exposure to maternal cigarette smoking during gestation reduces human fetal ovarian cell numbers, germ cell proliferation and subsequent adult fecundity. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The effects of maternal cigarette smoking on the second trimester human fetal ovary, fetal endocrine signalling and fetal chemical burden were studied. A total of 105 fetuses were studied, 56 from mothers who smoked during pregnancy and 49 from those who did not. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING METHODS Ovary, liver and plasma samples were collected from electively terminated, normally progressing, second trimester human fetuses. Circulating fetal hormones, levels of 73 fetal ovarian transcripts, protein localization, density of oocytes/primordial follicles and levels of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the fetal liver were determined. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Circulating fetal estrogen levels were very high and were increased by maternal smoking (ANOVA, P = 0.055-0.004 versus control). Smoke exposure also dysregulated (two-way ANOVA, smoking versus gestation weeks interaction, P = 0.046-0.023) four fetal ovarian genes (cytochrome P450 scc [CYP11A1], NOBOX oogenesis homeobox [NOBOX], activator of apoptosis harakiri [HRK], nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group E, member 1 [NR2E1]), shifted the ovarian Inhibin βA/inhibin α ratio (NHBA/INHA) transcript ratio in favour of activin (ANOVA, P = 0.049 versus control) and reduced the proportion of dominant-negative estrogen receptor 2 (ERβ: ESR2) isoforms in half the exposed fetuses. PAHs, ligands for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), were increased nearly 6-fold by maternal smoking (ANOVA, P = 0.011 versus control). A fifth transcript, COUP transcription factor 1 (nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group F, member 1: NR2F1, which contains multiple AHR-binding sites), was both significantly increased (ANOVA, P = 0.026 versus control) and dysregulated by (two-way ANOVA, smoking versus gestation weeks interaction, P = 0.021) maternal smoking. NR2F1 is associated with repression of FSHR expression and smoke-exposed ovaries failed to show the normal increase in FSHR expression during the second trimester. There was a significantly higher number of DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 4 (DDX4) VASA-positive (ANOVA, P = 0.016 versus control), but not POU domain, class 1, transcription factor 1 (POU5F1) OCT3/4-positive, oocytes in smoke-exposed fetuses and this matched with a significantly higher number of primordial follicles (ANOVA, P = 0.024 versus control). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The effects of maternal smoking on establishment of the maximum fetal primordial follicle pool cannot be reliably studied in our population since the process is not completed until 28 weeks of gestation and normal fetuses older than 21 weeks of gestation are not available for study. Our data suggest that some fetal ovaries are affected by smoke exposure while others are not, indicating that additional studies, with larger numbers, may show more significant effects. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Fetal exposure to chemicals in cigarette smoke is known to lead to reduced fecundity in women. Our study suggests, for the first time, that this occurs via mechanisms involving activation of AHR, disruption of inhibin/activin and estrogen signalling, increased exposure to estrogen and dysregulation of multiple molecular pathways in the exposed human fetal ovary. Our data also suggest that alterations in the ESR2 positive and dominant negative isoforms may be associated with reduced sensitivity of some fetuses to increased estrogens and maternal smoking. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The study was supported by grants from the Chief Scientist Office (Scottish Executive, CZG/1/109, and CZG/4/742), NHS Grampian Endowments (08/02), the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 212885, a Society for Reproduction & Fertility summer studentship, Medical Research Scotland (research grant 354 FRG) and the Medical Research Council (WBS: U.1276.00.002.00001 and G1100357). The authors declare they have no competing interests, be it financial, personal or professional.
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Novel NR5A1 missense mutation in premature ovarian failure: detection in han chinese indicates causation in different ethnic groups. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74759. [PMID: 24073220 PMCID: PMC3779243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The etiology of most premature ovarian failure (POF) cases is usually elusive. Although genetic causes clearly exist and a likely susceptible region of 8q22.3 has been discovered, no predominant explanation exists for POF. More recently, evidences have indicated that mutations in NR5A1 gene could be causative for POF. We therefore screened for mutations in the NR5A1 gene in a large cohort of Chinese women with non-syndromic POF. Methods Mutation screening of NR5A1 gene was performed in 400 Han Chinese women with well-defined 46,XX idiopathic non-syndromic POF and 400 controls. Subsequently, functional characterization of the novel mutation identified was evaluated in vitro. Results A novel heterozygous missense mutation [c.13T>G (p.Tyr5Asp)] in NR5A1 was identified in 1 of 384 patients (0.26%). This mutation impaired transcriptional activation on Amh, Inhibin-a, Cyp11a1 and Cyp19a1 gene, as shown by transactivation assays. However, no dominant negative effect was observed, nor was there impact on protein expression and nuclear localization. Conclusions This novel mutation p.Tyr5Asp, in a novel non-domain region, is presumed to result in haploinsufficiency. Irrespectively, perturbation in NR5A1 is not a common explanation for POF in Chinese.
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Fonseca DJ, Ojeda D, Lakhal B, Braham R, Eggers S, Turbitt E, White S, Grover S, Warne G, Zacharin M, Nevin Lam A, Landolsi H, Elghezal H, Saâd A, Restrepo CM, Fellous M, Sinclair A, Koopman P, Laissue P. CITED2 mutations potentially cause idiopathic premature ovarian failure. Transl Res 2012; 160:384-8. [PMID: 22709740 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2012.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Anomalies in gonadal development in a mouse knockout model of Cited2 have been recently described. In Cited2(-/-) female gonads, an ectopic cell migration was observed and the female program of sex determination was transiently delayed. We hypothesize that, in humans, this temporary inhibition of genes should be sufficient to provoke a developmental impairment of the female gonads, conducive to premature ovarian failure (POF). To establish whether CITED2 mutations are a common cause of the disease, we performed a mutational analysis of this gene in a panel of patients with POF and in a group of control women with normal fertility. We amplified and directly sequenced the complete open reading frame of CITED2 in 139 patients with POF and 290 controls. This study revealed 5 synonymous and 3 nonsynonymous variants. Among these, 7 are novel. The nonsynonymous variant c.604C>A (p.Pro202Thr) was found uniquely in 1 woman from the POF group. In silico analysis of this mutation indicated a potential deleterious effect. We conclude that mutations in CITED2 may be involved in POF pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Janeth Fonseca
- Unidad de Genética, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
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Mutational screening of SF1 and WNT4 in Tunisian women with premature ovarian failure. Gene 2012; 509:298-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Alao MJ, Lalèyè A, Lalya F, Hans C, Abramovicz M, Morice-Picard F, Arveiler B, Lacombe D, Rooryck C. Blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus syndrome with translocation and deletion at chromosome 3q23 in a black African female. Eur J Med Genet 2012; 55:630-4. [PMID: 22906557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder whose main features are the abnormal shape, position and alignment of the eyelids. Type I refers to BPES with female infertility from premature ovarian failure while type II is limited to the ocular features. A causative gene, FOXL2, has been localized to 3q23. We report a black female who carried a de novo chromosomal translocation and 3.13 Mb deletion at 3q23, 1.2 Mb 5' to FOXL2. This suggests the presence of distant cis regulatory elements at the extended FOXL2 locus. In spite of 21 protein coding genes in the 3.13 Mb deleted segment, the patient had no other malformation and a strictly normal psychomotor development at age 2.5 years. Our observation confirms panethnicity of BPES and adds to the knowledge of the complex cis regulation of human FOXL2 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Alao
- Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital de la Mère et de l'Enfant Lagune, 01 BP 107, Cotonou, Benin.
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Jagarlamudi K, Rajkovic A. Oogenesis: transcriptional regulators and mouse models. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 356:31-9. [PMID: 21856374 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oocyte differentiation into a totipotent cell requires initial germ cell cyst breakdown to form primordial follicles, recruitment of primordial follicles for development into primary follicles and remarkable growth of the ovarian follicle which culminates in ovulation. During oogenesis, the oocyte undergoes dynamic alterations in gene expression which are regulated by a set of well-coordinated transcription factors active in the germ line and soma. A number of germ cell specific as well as somatic expressed transcriptional regulators are critical in ovarian formation and folliculogenesis. These transcriptional regulators include: Foxo3, Foxl2, Figla, Lhx8, Nobox, Sohlh1 and Sohlh2. A subset of these transcriptional regulators is mutated in women with ovarian insufficiency and infertility. Studies on transcriptional regulators preferentially expressed in the ovary are important to develop a better understanding of the mechanisms of activation and survival of ovarian follicles, as well as an understanding of ovary specific pathways that can be modulated in the future to regulate fertility and protect against external insults such as chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Jagarlamudi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Qin Y, Zhao H, Xu J, Shi Y, Li Z, Qiao J, Liu J, Qin C, Ren C, Li J, Chen S, Cao Y, Simpson JL, Chen ZJ. Association of 8q22.3 locus in Chinese Han with idiopathic premature ovarian failure (POF). Hum Mol Genet 2011; 21:430-6. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Rocha VBC, Guerra-Júnior G, Marques-de-Faria AP, de Mello MP, Maciel-Guerra AT. Complete gonadal dysgenesis in clinical practice: the 46,XY karyotype accounts for more than one third of cases. Fertil Steril 2011; 96:1431-4. [PMID: 21982289 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Revised: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of XY karyotypes among females with complete gonadal dysgenesis (CGD) and to investigate the frequency of both gonadal tumors and SRY mutations. DESIGN Retrospective study based on data from all patients with CGD seen in our service from 1989 to 2010. SETTING Clinic for disorders of sex development, University Hospital, State University of Campinas. PATIENT(S) Thirty-two patients with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, streak gonads, internal and external female genitalia, and normal karyotype (46,XX or 46,XY); 31 were index cases and 29 did not have a previously determined karyotype. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) None. RESULT(S) The percentage of XY karyotypes among patients with CGD was 34.5% (10/29). Mean age at diagnosis among XY and XX patients was 17.4 years and 19.9 years, respectively. Gonadal tumors were found in 4 of 9 XY girls, and 7 of 10 had SRY gene mutations. CONCLUSION(S) The previously unreported finding of an elevated frequency of 46,XY karyotype among patients with CGD and the high risk of gonadal neoplasia in such cases indicate that this diagnosis must be kept in mind by clinicians and strengthen the importance of karyotype analysis in females with primary hypogonadism. In addition, the frequency of SRY mutations in XY CGD might be higher than previously considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Brito Campoy Rocha
- Grupo Interdisciplinar de Estudos da Determinação e Diferenciação do Sexo, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Eddie SL, Childs AJ, Jabbour HN, Anderson RA. Developmentally regulated IL6-type cytokines signal to germ cells in the human fetal ovary. Mol Hum Reprod 2011; 18:88-95. [PMID: 21965347 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gar061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetal ovarian development and primordial follicle formation are imperative for adult fertility in the female. Data suggest the interleukin (IL)6-type cytokines, leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF), IL6, oncostatin M (OSM) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), are able to regulate the survival, proliferation and differentiation of fetal murine germ cells (GCs) in vivo and in vitro. We postulated that these factors may play a similar role during early human GC development and primordial follicle formation. To test this hypothesis, we have investigated the expression and regulation of IL6-type cytokines, using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Expression of transcripts encoding OSM increased significantly across the gestational range examined (8-20 weeks), while expression of IL6 increased specifically between the first (8-11 weeks) and early second (12-16 weeks) trimesters, co-incident with the initiation of meiosis. LIF and CNTF expression remained unchanged. Expression of the genes encoding the LIF and IL6 receptors, and their common signalling subunit gp130, was also found to be developmentally regulated, with expression increasing significantly with increasing gestation. LIF receptor and gp130 proteins localized exclusively to GCs, including oocytes in primordial follicles, indicating this cell type to be the sole target of IL6-type cytokine signalling in the human fetal ovary. These data establish that IL6-type cytokines and their receptors are expressed in the human fetal ovary and may directly influence GC development at multiple stages of maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon L Eddie
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen' s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
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Takahashi T, Igarashi H, Amita M, Hara S, Kurachi H. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of various types of oocyte aging. Reprod Med Biol 2011; 10:239-249. [PMID: 29699098 DOI: 10.1007/s12522-011-0099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that age-related decline of a woman's fertility is related to the poor developmental potential of her gametes. The age-associated decline in female fertility is largely attributable to the oocyte aging caused by ovarian aging. Age-associated oocyte aging results in a decrease in oocyte quality. In contrast to ovarian aging, there is a concept of postovulatory oocyte aging. Postovulatory aging of oocytes, not being fertilized for a prolonged time after ovulation, is known to significantly affect the development of oocytes. Both categories of oocyte aging have similar phenotypes of reproductive failure. However, the mechanisms of the decline in oocyte quality are not necessarily equivalent. An age-dependent increase in aneuploidy is a key determinant of oocyte quality. The reduced expression of molecules regulating cell cycle control during meiosis might be involved in the age-dependent increase in aneuploidy. The mechanism of age-associated oocyte aging might be involved in mitochondrial dysfunction, whose etiologies are still unknown. Alternatively, the mechanism of postovulatory oocyte aging might be involved in reactive oxygen species-induced mitochondrial injury pathways followed by abnormal intracellular Ca2+ regulation of the endoplasmic reticulum. We suggest that future research into the mechanism of oocyte aging will be necessary to develop a method to rescue the poor developmental potential of aged oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Takahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine 990-9585 Yamagata Japan
| | - Hideki Igarashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine 990-9585 Yamagata Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Amita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine 990-9585 Yamagata Japan
| | - Shuichiro Hara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine 990-9585 Yamagata Japan
| | - Hirohisa Kurachi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine 990-9585 Yamagata Japan
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Kuan LC, Su MT, Wu CM, Chen M, Kuo PL, Kuo TC. A family with Xq22.3q25 interstitial deletion and normal ovarian function. Fertil Steril 2011; 96:e29-34. [PMID: 21621767 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Revised: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate genomic changes in a family with deletion of X chromosome q22.3-q25 associated with normal constitutional and reproductive phenotypes. DESIGN Case report. SETTING Academic district hospital genetic laboratory. PATIENT(S) A family incidentally found to have deletion of X chromosome q22.3-q25. INTERVENTION(S) Cytogenetic analysis and array-based comparative genomic hybridization for amniotic fluid and peripheral blood lymphocyte of family members. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Ovarian function and menstrual cycles. RESULT(S) The proband and two daughters showed deletion of Xq22.3q25. This region spans 17.4 Mb and contains 121 genes. CONCLUSION(S) Female subjects with deletion of Xq22.3q25 may present with normal constitutional and reproductive phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Ching Kuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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Ojeda D, Lakhal B, Fonseca DJ, Braham R, Landolsi H, Mateus HE, Restrepo CM, Elghezal H, Saâd A, Laissue P. Sequence analysis of the CDKN1B gene in patients with premature ovarian failure reveals a novel mutation potentially related to the phenotype. Fertil Steril 2011; 95:2658-60.e1. [PMID: 21575944 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 04/09/2011] [Accepted: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Earlier reports demonstrated a key role of Cdkn1b during mouse ovarian development. In this study, the sequencing analysis of the complete coding region of this gene in a panel of premature ovarian failure patients and control subjects reveals a novel mutation potentially related to the phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Ojeda
- Unidad de Genética, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
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Wang B, Suo P, Chen B, Wei Z, Yang L, Zhou S, Wang J, Cao Y, Ma X. Haplotype analysis of chemokine CXCL12 polymorphisms and susceptibility to premature ovarian failure in Chinese women. Hum Reprod 2011; 26:950-4. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/der001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Paulini F, Melo EO. The role of oocyte-secreted factors GDF9 and BMP15 in follicular development and oogenesis. Reprod Domest Anim 2010; 46:354-61. [PMID: 21198974 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2010.01739.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian physiology is controlled by endocrine and paracrine signals, and the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily has a pivotal role in this control. The Bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) and Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) genes are relevant members of the TGFβ superfamily that encode proteins secreted by the oocytes into the ovarian follicles. Through a paracrine signalling pathway, these factors induce the follicular somatic cells to undergo mitosis and differentiation during follicular development. These events are controlled by a mutually dependent and coordinated fashion during the formation of the granulosa cell layers. Many studies have contributed to our knowledge concerning the paracrine factors acting within the follicular environment, especially regarding GDF9 and BMP15. We aimed to review the relevant contributions of these two genes to animal reproductive physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Paulini
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia Instituto de Biologia/PGBioani, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Premature ovarian failure (POF) is characterized by secondary amenorrhea before the age of 40 years, along with repeated increased follicle-stimulating hormone and low estrogen concentrations. POF is considered a complex genetic disease with a familial presentation in 12% to 50% of cases. POF may originate from different genes and various gene-environment interactions. The aim of this study was to identify possible differences in phenotype comparing women with familial and women with sporadic POF. METHODS A multicenter study was initiated in the Netherlands using standardized phenotyping. For each woman, medical history, menstrual cycle, and fertility and smoking status were assessed and a standardized examination was performed. Based on a detailed three-generation family history, women were identified as having either familial (defined as having at least one relative with POF) or sporadic POF. RESULTS A total of 58 familial cases and 142 sporadic cases of POF were identified. Maternal age at menopause was significantly lower in the women with familial compared with the women with sporadic POF (41.0 +/- 7.5 and 49.7 +/- 2.6 y, respectively; P < 0.001). Sex hormone-binding globulin concentration was significantly higher in the women with familial than in the women with sporadic POF (73.6 +/- 37.1 and 55.2 +/- 26.9 nmol/L, respectively; P = 0.002). All other characteristics, such as parity, bone mineral density, and serum follicle-stimulating hormone and lipid levels were similar, as was the incidence of autoimmunity and cytogenetic abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS Familial and sporadic POF do not differ in phenotype except for maternal menopause age and sex hormone-binding globulin concentration. Future studies are needed to unravel the genotype-phenotype interactions in POF.
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Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a common cause of infertility in women, and is characterised by amenorrhoea, hypo-oestrogenism and elevated gonadotrophin levels in women under the age of 40. Known causes include iatrogenic agents that cause permanent damage to the ovaries, such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery, autoimmune conditions, X-chromosome abnormalities and autosomal genetic conditions. However, few genes have been identified that can explain a substantial proportion of cases of POF. Most women with POF are deeply upset by the diagnosis, partly due to the unexpected menopausal symptoms, but also due to infertility. Therefore, early detection would provide better opportunity for early intervention, and furthermore, the identification of specific gene defects will help to direct potential targets for future treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N Shelling
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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Inagaki K, Shimasaki S. Impaired production of BMP-15 and GDF-9 mature proteins derived from proproteins WITH mutations in the proregion. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2010; 328:1-7. [PMID: 20547206 PMCID: PMC2934881 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2010.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2010] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein-15 (BMP-15) and growth and differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) genes have been identified in women with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) and mothers of dizygotic twins. Here, we show that biological activities of the conditioned media from human embryonic kidney 293F cells transfected with two representative BMP-15 and GDF-9 mutants identified in the affected women have significantly reduced biological activities compared with the corresponding wild-type. Moreover, this difference is due to decreased production of the mature proteins, attributed most likely to impaired posttranslational processing of the proprotein. As genetic studies of the BMP-15 and/or GDF-9 genes in ewes established that a reduction of these proteins is associated with an increased ovulation rate, it is conceivable that women affected with these mutations may have an increased probability of bearing dizygotic twins during active reproductive ages before diagnosis with POI at later ages due to an earlier exhaustion of ovarian reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Inagaki
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093-0633, United States
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Lakhal B, Laissue P, Braham R, Elghezal H, Saâd A, Fellous M, Veitia RA. BMP15 and premature ovarian failure: causal mutations, variants, polymorphisms? Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2010; 72:425-6. [PMID: 19508678 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03651.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Besma Lakhal
- Department of Cytogenetics and Reproductive Biology, Farhat Hached University Teaching Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Elucidation of the causes of premature ovarian failure (POF) is difficult due to the heterogeneity of the condition. Inhibin is a potential candidate gene for POF based on its dual actions on FSH secretion by the pituitary and gametogenesis in the gonads. A missense mutation in the inhibin alpha subunit gene (INHA G769A) is associated with POF in several populations. However, there is phenotypic heterogeneity in INHA G769A mutation carriers. METHODS Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed and mutational frequencies combined for meta-analysis. RESULTS Meta-analysis of published studies revealed a risk difference of 0.04 (-0.030 to 0.11). The occurrence of asymptomatic carriers in populations suggests incomplete penetrance and/or a multi-genetic cause of POF. We propose that a decline in inhibin bioactivity caused by the mutation could increase FSH levels; and in a susceptible individual, the heightened sensitivity to gonadotrophins causes POF. Impaired paracrine effects of inhibin could impact folliculogenesis due to reduced antagonism of activin, bone morphogenetic protein 15 and growth differentiation factor 9. Functional studies of this mutation indicate normal production of dimeric inhibin A and B and impaired bioactivity of inhibin B. CONCLUSIONS The identification of an autosomal mutation in the inhibin alpha subunit gene that is significantly linked to POF in certain ethnic populations highlights the role of inhibin in the regulation of ovarian biology and fertility. Although the reduction of inhibin B bioactivity by the INHA G769A mutation is clearly not the only cause, evidence suggests that this change may serve as a susceptibility factor, increasing the likelihood of POF.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Chand
- Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
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Abstract
Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is characterised by the arrest of normal ovarian function before the age of 40 years and affects 1 % of all women. POI shows familial inheritance suggesting a genetic contribution. NR5A1 is nuclear receptor that regulates the transcription of many genes involved in sexual developmental and reproduction. 18 NR5A1 mutations have been published associated with either anomalies of adrenal or testis development. We have identified NR5A1 mutations associated with POI, including familial cases with affected 46,XY individuals. This demonstrates that NR5A1 plays an important role in ovarian development and function. However several questions remain. What is the incidence of NR5A1 mutations in POI? Is there a genotype/phenotype relationship? Are mutations associated with a progressive loss of reproductive function? Answering these questions will lead to a better understanding of ovarian function and dysfunction and could lead to new therapies for treating POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Bashamboo
- Human Developmental Genetics, Institut Pasteur, 25-28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.
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Lakhal B, Laissue P, Braham R, Elghezal H, Saâd A, Fellous M, Veitia RA. A novel BMP15 variant, potentially affecting the signal peptide, in a familial case of premature ovarian failure. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2009; 71:752-3. [PMID: 19486016 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03571.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Menopause is the final step in the process referred to as ovarian ageing. The age related decrease in follicle numbers dictates the onset of cycle irregularity and the final cessation of menses. The parallel decay in oocyte quality contributes to the gradual decline in fertility and the final occurrence of natural sterility. Endocrine changes mainly relate to the decline in the negative feedback from ovarian factors at the hypothalamo-pituitary unit. The declining cohort of antral follicles with age first results in gradually elevated FSH levels, followed by subsequent stages of overt cycle irregularity. The gradual decline in the size of the antral follicle cohort is best represented by decreasing levels of anti-Mullerian hormone. The variability of ovarian ageing among women is evident from the large variation in age at menopause. The identification of women who have severely decreased ovarian reserve for their age is clinically relevant. Ovarian reserve tests have appeared to be fairly accurate in predicting response to ovarian stimulation in the assisted reproductive technology (ART) setting. The capacity to predict the chances for spontaneous pregnancy or pregnancy after ART appears very limited. As menopause and the preceding decline in oocyte quality seem to have a fixed time interval, tests that predict the age at menopause may be useful to assess individual reproductive lifespan. Especially genetic studies, both addressing candidate gene and genome wide association, have identified several interesting loci of small genetic variation that may determine fetal follicle pool development and subsequent wastage of his pool over time. Improved knowledge of the ovarian ageing mechanisms may ultimately provide tools for prediction of menopause and manipulation of the early steps of folliculogenesis for the purpose of contraception and fertility lifespan extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Broekmans
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Gynecology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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