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Ihn Y, Cho Y, Lee Y, Seok H, Oh JS, Moon HB, Choi K. Thyroid and sex hormone disrupting effects of DEHTP at different life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio). CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:142105. [PMID: 38657690 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHTP) is an alternative plasticizer widely used in numerous consumer products, replacing di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). Hence, DEHTP has been frequently detected in the environment and humans. As a structural isomer and functional analog of DEHP, DEHTP is a suspected endocrine disruptor. Here, we evaluated thyroid-disrupting effects of DEHTP using embryo-larval and adult male zebrafish. We also investigated its sex hormone disruption potential in the adult zebrafish. After 5- and 7-days of exposure to DEHTP, significant increases in whole-body thyroid hormonal levels were observed in the larval fish. Down-regulation of several thyroid-regulating genes, including trh, tshβ, nis, and dio2, was observed, but only after 5-day exposure. Following a 21-day exposure, the adult male zebrafish exhibited a significant decrease in total triiodothyronine and an increase in thyroid-stimulating hormones. Potential changes in the deiodination of thyroid hormones, supported by the up-regulation of two deiodinases, dio1 and dio3a, along with the down-regulation of dio2, could explain the thyroid hormone changes in the adult zebrafish. Moreover, significant trends of decrease in estradiol and 11-ketotestosterone, along with increase of testosterone (T), were observed in the adult zebrafish. Up-regulation of several steroidogenic genes may explain elevated T, while exact mechanisms of action warrant further investigation. Our results demonstrate that DEHTP can cause disruptions of thyroid and sex hormones at different life stages in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchul Ihn
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoojin Cho
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yura Lee
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyesun Seok
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin-Su Oh
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergence Engineering, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyo-Bang Moon
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergence Engineering, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyungho Choi
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Sun B, Li J, Bai Y, Zhou X, Lam PKS, Chen L. Hypoxic and temporal variation in the endocrine disrupting toxicity of perfluorobutanesulfonate in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 136:279-291. [PMID: 37923438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) is an emerging pollutant capable of potently disrupting the sex and thyroid endocrine systems of teleosts. However, the hypoxic and temporal variation in PFBS endocrine disrupting toxicity remain largely unknown. In the present study, adult marine medaka were exposed to environmentally realistic concentrations of PFBS (0 and 10 µg/L) under normoxia or hypoxia conditions for 7 days, aiming to explore the interactive behavior between PFBS and hypoxia. In addition, PFBS singular exposure was extended till 21 days under normoxia to elucidate the time-course progression in PFBS toxicity. The results showed that hypoxia inhibited the growth and caused the suspension of egg spawn regardless of PFBS exposure. With regard to the sex endocrine system, 7-day PFBS exposure led to an acute stimulation of transcriptional profiles in females, which, subsequently, recovered after the 21-day exposure. The potency of hypoxia to disturb the sex hormones was much stronger than PFBS. A remarkable increase in estradiol concentration was noted in medaka blood after hypoxia exposure. Changes in sex endocrinology of coexposed fish were largely determined by hypoxia, which drove the formation of an estrogenic environment. PFBS further enhanced the endocrine disrupting effects of hypoxia. However, the hepatic synthesis of vitellogenin and choriogenin, two commonly used sensitive biomarkers of estrogenic activity, failed to initiate in response to the estrogen stimulus. Compared to sex endocrine system, disturbances in thyroidal axis by PFBS or hypoxia were relatively mild. Overall, the present findings will advance our toxicological understanding about PFBS pollutant under the interference of hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baili Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yachen Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangzhen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Paul K S Lam
- Office of the President, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, 30 Good Shepherd Street, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lianguo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Ma Y, Li Y, Song X, Yang T, Wang H, Liang Y, Huang L, Zeng H. Endocrine Disruption of Propylparaben in the Male Mosquitofish ( Gambusia affinis): Tissue Injuries and Abnormal Gene Expressions of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal-Liver Axis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3557. [PMID: 36834249 PMCID: PMC9967665 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Propylparaben (PrP) is a widely used preservative that is constantly detected in aquatic environments and poses a potential threat to aquatic ecosystems. In the present work, adult male mosquitofish were acutely (4d) and chronically (32d) exposed to environmentally and humanly realistic concentrations of PrP (0, 0.15, 6.00 and 240 μg/L), aimed to investigate the toxic effects, endocrine disruption and possible mechanisms of PrP. Histological analysis showed time- and dose-dependent manners in the morphological injuries of brain, liver and testes. Histopathological alterations in the liver were found in 4d and severe damage was identified in 32d, including hepatic sinus dilatation, cytoplasmic vacuolation, cytolysis and nuclear aggregation. Tissue impairments in the brain and testes were detected in 32d; cell cavitation, cytomorphosis and blurred cell boundaries appeared in the brain, while the testes lesions contained spermatogenic cell lesion, decreased mature seminal vesicle, sperm cells gathering, seminiferous tubules disorder and dilated intercellular space. Furthermore, delayed spermatogenesis had occurred. The transcriptional changes of 19 genes along the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal-liver (HPGL) axis were investigated across the three organs. The disrupted expression of genes such as Ers, Ars, Vtgs, cyp19a, star, hsd3b, hsd17b3 and shh indicated the possible abnormal steroidogenesis, estrogenic or antiandrogen effects of PrP. Overall, the present results provided evidences for the toxigenicity and endocrine disruptive effects on the male mosquitofish of chronic PrP exposure, which highlights the need for more investigations of its potential health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Yujing Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Xiaohong Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety Guarantee in Karst Area, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Tao Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Haiqin Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Yanpeng Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety Guarantee in Karst Area, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Liangliang Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety Guarantee in Karst Area, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Honghu Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety Guarantee in Karst Area, Guilin 541000, China
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Valdivieso A, Anastasiadi D, Ribas L, Piferrer F. Development of epigenetic biomarkers for the identification of sex and thermal stress in fish using DNA methylation analysis and machine learning procedures. Mol Ecol Resour 2023; 23:453-470. [PMID: 36305237 PMCID: PMC10098837 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The sex ratio is a key ecological demographic parameter crucial for population viability. However, the epigenetic mechanisms operating during gonadal development regulating gene expression and the sex ratio remain poorly understood. Moreover, there is interest in the development of epigenetic markers associated with a particular phenotype or as sentinels of environmental effects. Here, we profiled DNA methylation and gene expression of 10 key genes related to sex development and stress, including steroidogenic enzymes, and growth and transcription factors. We provide novel information on the sex-related differences and on the influence of elevated temperature on these genes in zebrafish, a species with mixed genetic and environmental influences on sex ratios. We identified both positive (e.g., amh, cyp11c and hsd11b2) and negative (e.g., cyp11a1 and dmrt1) correlations in unexposed males, and negative correlation (amh) in exposed females between DNA methylation and gene expression levels. Further, we combined DNA methylation analysis with machine learning procedures and found a series of informative CpGs capable not only of correctly identifying sex (based on cyp19a1a DNA methylation levels) but also of identifying whether males and females had been exposed to abnormally elevated temperature when young (based on amh and foxl2a DNA methylation levels, respectively). This was achieved in the absence of conspicuous morphological alterations of the gonads. These DNA methylation-based epigenetic biomarkers represent molecular resources that can correctly recapitulate past thermal history and pave the way for similar findings in other species to assess potential ecological effects of environmental disturbances in the context of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Valdivieso
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,IHPE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, Univ Perpignan Via Domitia, Montpellier, France
| | - Dafni Anastasiadi
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Nelson, New Zealand
| | - Laia Ribas
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Piferrer
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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Zou C, Wang L, Shu C, Tan X, Wu Z, Zou Y, Li Z, Wang G, Song Z, You F. Rxrs and their partner receptor genes inducing masculinization plausibly mediated by endocrine disruption in Paralichthys olivaceus. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 226:106219. [PMID: 36356854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2022.106219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Retinoid X receptors (RXRs) can form homo- or heterodimers with orphan receptors involved in multiple intertwined signaling pathways. However, there is limited study on the formation of sex phenotypes and the regulation of steroidogenesis by RXRs in fish. Here, in Paralichthys olivaceus, we first indicated that PPARγ::RXRα was predictably a transcription factor for steroidogenesis genes, and Foxl2 and Dmrt1 were also transcription factors for rxrs and their partner receptor genes. When the flounder fry were exposed to LG100268 (LG, RXRs agonist, 50 mg/kg diet), the percentage of males increased from 50% to 71.4%. Before histological differentiation of the flounder ovary (3 cm TL) and testis (6 cm TL), the transcripts of rar β and rar γ (P < 0.05) were activated, and the steroidogenesis gene Hsd3b1 was down-regulated (P < 0.05). The ratios of testosterone (T)/17β-estradiol (E2) were all greatly increased (P < 0.05), and the ratio of 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT)/E2 was elevated at 3 cm TL. Moreover, LG was used to treat the cultured gonads in vitro (10 μM) and the fish with intraperitoneal injection in vivo (12 mg/kg body weight), respectively. LG was able to up-regulate rxr γ, rar γ, and ppar δ, and Hsd3b1 was significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05). The ratios of 11-KT/E2 in the culture medium and in the ovaries of the fish were decreased. Furthermore, the recombinant flounder Foxl2 protein was able to significantly down-regulate ppar γ (P < 0.05) and tr β (P < 0.01) in the ovaries in vitro, and the result of the Dmrt1 in the testes was opposite to that of the Foxl2, probably indicating a feedback loop between RXRs' partner receptors and Foxl2/Dmrt1. These findings introduce for the first time the mode of action of RXRs on the flounder steroidogenesis and provide important data to learn the potential function of RXRs in fish sex differentiation and the potential role of RXRs in aquatic animals in the presence of water pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Zou
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Chang Shu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xungang Tan
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Zhihao Wu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Yuxia Zou
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Ze Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Guoyu Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Zongcheng Song
- Shenghang Aquatic Science and Technology Co. Ltd., Weihai 264200, PR China
| | - Feng You
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, PR China.
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Concha ML, Reig G. Origin, form and function of extraembryonic structures in teleost fishes. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2022; 377:20210264. [PMID: 36252221 PMCID: PMC9574637 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2021.0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Teleost eggs have evolved a highly derived early developmental pattern within vertebrates as a result of the meroblastic cleavage pattern, giving rise to a polar stratified architecture containing a large acellular yolk and a small cellular blastoderm on top. Besides the acellular yolk, the teleost-specific yolk syncytial layer (YSL) and the superficial epithelial enveloping layer are recognized as extraembryonic structures that play critical roles throughout embryonic development. They provide enriched microenvironments in which molecular feedback loops, cellular interactions and mechanical signals emerge to sculpt, among other things, embryonic patterning along the dorsoventral and left-right axes, mesendodermal specification and the execution of morphogenetic movements in the early embryo and during organogenesis. An emerging concept points to a critical role of extraembryonic structures in reinforcing early genetic and morphogenetic programmes in reciprocal coordination with the embryonic blastoderm, providing the necessary boundary conditions for development to proceed. In addition, the role of the enveloping cell layer in providing mechanical, osmotic and immunological protection during early stages of development, and the autonomous nutritional support provided by the yolk and YSL, have probably been key aspects that have enabled the massive radiation of teleosts to colonize every ecological niche on the Earth. This article is part of the theme issue 'Extraembryonic tissues: exploring concepts, definitions and functions across the animal kingdom'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel L. Concha
- Integrative Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago 7800003, Chile
| | - Germán Reig
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica y del Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago 7800003, Chile
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Wang Y, Luo X, Qu C, Xu T, Zou G, Liang H. The Important Role of Sex-Related Sox Family Genes in the Sex Reversal of the Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle ( Pelodiscus sinensis). BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11010083. [PMID: 35053081 PMCID: PMC8773217 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
The Chinese soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis shows obvious sexual dimorphism. The economic and nutrition value of male individuals are significantly higher than those of female individuals. Pseudo-females which are base to all-male breeding have been obtained by estrogen induction, while the gene function and molecular mechanism of sex reversal remain unclear in P. sinensis. Here, comparative transcriptome analyses of female, male, and pseudo-female gonads were performed, and 14,430 genes differentially expressed were identified in the pairwise comparison of three groups. GO and KEGG analyses were performed on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which mainly concentrated on steroid hormone synthesis. Furthermore, the results of gonadal transcriptome analysis revealed that 10 sex-related sox genes were differentially expressed in males vs. female, male vs. pseudo-female, and female vs. pseudo-female. Through the differential expression analysis of these 10 sox genes in mature gonads, six sox genes related to sex reversal were further screened. The molecular mechanism of the six sox genes in the embryo were analyzed during sex reversal after E2 treatment. In mature gonads, some sox family genes, such as sox9sox12, and sox30 were highly expressed in the testis, while sox1, sox3, sox6, sox11, and sox17 were lowly expressed. In the male embryos, exogenous estrogen can activate the expression of sox3 and inhibit the expression of sox8, sox9, and sox11. In summary, sox3 may have a role in the process of sex reversal from male to pseudo-female, when sox8 and sox9 are inhibited. Sox family genes affect both female and male pathways in the process of sex reversal, which provides a new insight for the all-male breeding of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Wang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Wuhan 430223, China;
| | - Xiangzhong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Wuhan 430223, China;
| | - Chunjuan Qu
- Bengbu Aquatic Technology Promotion Center, Bengbu 233000, China;
| | - Tao Xu
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China;
| | - Guiwei Zou
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Wuhan 430223, China;
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (H.L.)
| | - Hongwei Liang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Wuhan 430223, China;
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (H.L.)
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Bacila I, Cunliffe VT, Krone NP. Interrenal development and function in zebrafish. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 535:111372. [PMID: 34175410 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this article we aim to provide an overview of the zebrafish interrenal development and function, as well as a review of its contribution to basic and translational research. A search of the PubMed database identified 41 relevant papers published over the last 20 years. Based on the common themes identified, we discuss the organogenesis of the interrenal gland and its functional development and we review what is known about the genes involved in zebrafish steroidogenesis. We also outline the consequences of specific defects in steroid biosynthesis, as revealed by evidence from genetically engineered zebrafish models, including cyp11a2, cyp21a2, hsd3b1, cyp11c1 and fdx1b deficiency. Finally, we summarise the impact of different chemicals and environmental factors on steroidogenesis. Our review highlights the utility of zebrafish as a research model for exploring important areas of basic science and human disease, especially in the current context of rapid technological progress in the field of Molecular Biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Bacila
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; The Bateson Centre, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent T Cunliffe
- The Bateson Centre, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom; Department of Biomedical Science, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Nils P Krone
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; The Bateson Centre, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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Kim C, Choe H, Park J, Kim G, Kim K, Jeon HJ, Moon JK, Kim MJ, Lee SE. Molecular mechanisms of developmental toxicities of azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin toward zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos: Visualization of abnormal development using two transgenic lines. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116087. [PMID: 33234374 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Azoxystrobin (AZ) and pyraclostrobin (PY) are strobilurin fungicides that inhibit fungal mitochondrial respiration. In this study, a representative model, zebrafish (Danio rerio), was used as a test species for acute and developmental toxicity. Survival and malformation rates were observed only PY-treated embryos, with an LC50 value of 77.75 ppb accompanied by a dramatic decrease in hatching rate, while AZ did not show great mortality. Morphological changes were observed in PY-treated embryos with the occurrence of pericadial edema at 25 ppb. A delay in growth was observed after treatment with pyraclostrobin at 50 ppb. Use of genetically engineered Tg(cmlc:EGFP) allowed fluorescence observation during heart development. PY interfered with normal heart development via upregulation of the nppa gene responsible for the expression of natriuretic peptides. Heart function was dramatically reduced as indicated by reduced heart rates. Increased expression of the nppa gene was also seen in AZ-treated embryos. The expression level of cyp24a1 was also up-regulated, while ugt1a1 and sult1st6 were down-regulated after treatment of zebrafish embryos with AZ or PY. Overall, strobilurin fungicides might inhibit normal heart formation and function within the range of concentrations tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaeeun Kim
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeseung Choe
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungeun Park
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Gayoung Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongnam Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwang-Ju Jeon
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Kwan Moon
- Department of Plant Life and Environmental Sciences, Hankyong National University, Ansung 17579, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Jin Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Weger M, Weger BD, Schink A, Takamiya M, Stegmaier J, Gobet C, Parisi A, Kobitski AY, Mertes J, Krone N, Strähle U, Nienhaus GU, Mikut R, Gachon F, Gut P, Dickmeis T. MondoA regulates gene expression in cholesterol biosynthesis-associated pathways required for zebrafish epiboly. eLife 2020; 9:e57068. [PMID: 32969791 PMCID: PMC7515633 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The glucose-sensing Mondo pathway regulates expression of metabolic genes in mammals. Here, we characterized its function in the zebrafish and revealed an unexpected role of this pathway in vertebrate embryonic development. We showed that knockdown of mondoa impaired the early morphogenetic movement of epiboly in zebrafish embryos and caused microtubule defects. Expression of genes in the terpenoid backbone and sterol biosynthesis pathways upstream of pregnenolone synthesis was coordinately downregulated in these embryos, including the most downregulated gene nsdhl. Loss of Nsdhl function likewise impaired epiboly, similar to MondoA loss of function. Both epiboly and microtubule defects were partially restored by pregnenolone treatment. Maternal-zygotic mutants of mondoa showed perturbed epiboly with low penetrance and compensatory changes in the expression of terpenoid/sterol/steroid metabolism genes. Collectively, our results show a novel role for MondoA in the regulation of early vertebrate development, connecting glucose, cholesterol and steroid hormone metabolism with early embryonic cell movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Weger
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems – Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyEggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Benjamin D Weger
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems – Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyEggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, EPFL Innovation ParkLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Andrea Schink
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems – Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyEggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Masanari Takamiya
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems – Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyEggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Johannes Stegmaier
- Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyEggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Cédric Gobet
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, EPFL Innovation ParkLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Alice Parisi
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, EPFL Innovation ParkLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Andrei Yu Kobitski
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems – Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyEggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyKarlsruheGermany
| | - Jonas Mertes
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyKarlsruheGermany
| | - Nils Krone
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Uwe Strähle
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems – Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyEggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems – Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyEggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyKarlsruheGermany
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyEggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Ralf Mikut
- Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyEggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Frédéric Gachon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, EPFL Innovation ParkLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Philipp Gut
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, EPFL Innovation ParkLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Thomas Dickmeis
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems – Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyEggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
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11
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Xiao L, Guo Y, Wang D, Zhao M, Hou X, Li S, Lin H, Zhang Y. Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Genes in Orange-Spotted Grouper ( Epinephelus coioides): Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis During Sex Reversal. Front Genet 2020; 11:161. [PMID: 32194632 PMCID: PMC7064643 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (β-HSDs) are a group of steroidogenic enzymes that are involved in steroid biosynthesis and metabolism, and play a crucial role in mammalian physiology and development, including sex determination and differentiation. In the present study, a genome-wide analysis identified the numbers of β-hsd genes in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) (19), human (Homo sapiens) (22), mouse (Mus musculus) (24), chicken (Gallus gallus) (16), xenopus (Xenopus tropicalis) (24), coelacanth (Latimeria chalumnae) (17), spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus) (14), zebrafish (Danio rerio) (19), fugu (Takifugu rubripes) (19), tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (19), medaka (Oryzias latipes) (19), stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) (17) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) (27) samples. A comparative analysis revealed that the number of β-hsd genes in teleost fish was no greater than in tetrapods due to gene loss followed by a teleost-specific whole-genome duplication event. Based on transcriptome data from grouper brain and gonad samples during sex reversal, six β-hsd genes had relatively high expression levels in the brain, indicating that these genes may be required for neurogenesis or the maintenance of specific biological processes in the brain. In the gonad, two and eight β-hsd genes were up- and downregulated, respectively, indicating their important roles in sex reversal. Our results demonstrated that β-hsd genes may be involved in the sex reversal of grouper by regulating the synthesis and metabolism of sex steroid hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dengdong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuisheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Haoran Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Marine Fisheries Development Center of Guangdong Province, Huizhou, China
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12
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Guo W, Han J, Wu S, Shi X, Wang Q, Zhou B. Bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate Affects Lipid Metabolism in Zebrafish Larvae via DNA Methylation Modification. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:355-363. [PMID: 31804803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant, but its toxicity is not fully understood. Accordingly, we investigated the effects of TBPH and its metabolite, mono-(2-ethyhexyl)tetrabromophthalate (TBMEHP), on lipid metabolism using a zebrafish model. The molecular docking study revealed that TBPH and TBMEHP bind to zebrafish peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), with binding energies similar to rosiglitazone, a PPARγ agonist. Zebrafish embryos 0.75 hpf were exposed to TBPH (0.2-2000 nM) or TBMEHP (0.2-2000 nM) until 72 hpf, and their effects on PPARγ-mediated lipid metabolism were evaluated. Significant regional DNA demethylation of the PPARγ promoter was observed in the larvae at 72 hpf. Demethylation of the PPARγ promoter accompanied by upregulation of tet1 and tet2 transcription caused upregulation of PPARγ transcription and certain downstream genes involved in lipid lipolysis, transport, and metabolism. The triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations in the larvae were significantly reduced following exposure to TBPH or TBMEHP. Furthermore, significant increases in the whole ATP content and locomotor activity in the 120 hpf larvae were observed. The overall results suggest that both TBPH and TBMEHP affect methylation of the PPARγ promoter, subsequently influencing larvae lipid metabolism via the PPARγ signaling pathway and disrupting energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian Han
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shengmin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Xiongjie Shi
- College of Life Sciences, the Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qiangwei Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bingsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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13
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Peng X, Sun X, Yu M, Fu W, Chen H, Chen J. Chronic exposure to environmental concentrations of phenanthrene impairs zebrafish reproduction. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 182:109376. [PMID: 31254851 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Phenanthrene (PHE) is a tricyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon which distributed extensively in the aquatic environment. However, the knowledge about its impact on fish reproduction is still limited, particularly under a chronic exposure regime. In this study, we exposed zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos to environmentally relevant concentrations (0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 μg/L) of PHE for 4 months and assessed the impact on reproduction. The results demonstrated that egg production was decreased in fish exposed to PHE, with a significant reduction at 5.0 μg/L. The exposure significantly decreased the circulating concentrations of estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) in female fish or E2 in male fish. In addition, plasma vitellogenin levels were significantly inhibited after PHE exposure in female fish. The transcription of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis related genes (GnRH2, FSHβ, LHβ, 17β-HSD, CYP11A1, and CYP19a) were significantly altered in a sex-specific manner. In addition, embryos derived from exposed parents exhibited increased malformation and decreased hatching success in the F1 generation. Taken together, these results demonstrate that chronic exposure to environmentally relevant concentration of PHE could cause adverse effects on reproduction and impair the development of offspring, ultimately leading to fish population decline in aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiandong Peng
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai JiAi Genetics & IVF Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxi Sun
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai JiAi Genetics & IVF Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Yu
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai JiAi Genetics & IVF Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai JiAi Genetics & IVF Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai JiAi Genetics & IVF Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiazhou Chen
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai JiAi Genetics & IVF Institute, Shanghai, China.
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14
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In silico predicted transcriptional regulatory control of steroidogenesis in spawning female fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). J Theor Biol 2018; 455:179-190. [PMID: 30036528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oocyte development and maturation (or oogenesis) in spawning female fish is mediated by interrelated transcriptional regulatory and steroidogenesis networks. This study integrates a transcriptional regulatory network (TRN) model of steroidogenic enzyme gene expressions with a flux balance analysis (FBA) model of steroidogenesis. The two models were functionally related. Output from the TRN model (as magnitude gene expression simulated using extreme pathway (ExPa) analysis) was used to re-constrain linear inequality bounds for reactions in the FBA model. This allowed TRN model predictions to impact the steroidogenesis FBA model. These two interrelated models were tested as follows: First, in silico targeted steroidogenic enzyme gene activations in the TRN model showed high co-regulation (67-83%) for genes involved with oocyte growth and development (cyp11a1, cyp17-17,20-lyase, 3β-HSD and cyp19a1a). Whereas, no or low co-regulation corresponded with genes concertedly involved with oocyte final maturation prior to spawning (cyp17-17α-hydroxylase (0%) and 20β-HSD (33%)). Analysis (using FBA) of accompanying steroidogenesis fluxes showed high overlap for enzymes involved with oocyte growth and development versus those involved with final maturation and spawning. Second, the TRN model was parameterized with in vivo changes in the presence/absence of transcription factors (TFs) during oogenesis in female fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Oogenesis stages studied included: PreVitellogenic-Vitellogenic, Vitellogenic-Mature, Mature-Ovulated and Ovulated-Atretic stages. Predictions of TRN genes active during oogenesis showed overall elevated expressions for most genes during early oocyte development (PreVitellogenic-Vitellogenic, Vitellogenic-Mature) and post-ovulation (Ovulated-Atretic). Whereas ovulation (Mature-Ovulated) showed highest expression for cyp17-17α-hydroxylase only. FBA showed steroid hormone productions to also follow trends concomitant with steroidogenic enzyme gene expressions. General trends predicted by in silico modeling were similar to those observed in vivo. The integrated computational framework presented was capable of mechanistically representing aspects of reproductive function in fish. This approach can be extended to study reproductive effects under exposure to adverse environmental or anthropogenic stressors.
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15
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Weger M, Diotel N, Weger BD, Beil T, Zaucker A, Eachus HL, Oakes JA, do Rego JL, Storbeck KH, Gut P, Strähle U, Rastegar S, Müller F, Krone N. Expression and activity profiling of the steroidogenic enzymes of glucocorticoid biosynthesis and the fdx1 co-factors in zebrafish. J Neuroendocrinol 2018; 30:e12586. [PMID: 29486070 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The spatial and temporal expression of steroidogenic genes in zebrafish has not been fully characterised. Because zebrafish are increasingly employed in endocrine and stress research, a better characterisation of steroidogenic pathways is required to target specific steps in the biosynthetic pathways. In the present study, we have systematically defined the temporal and spatial expression of steroidogenic enzymes involved in glucocorticoid biosynthesis (cyp21a2, cyp11c1, cyp11a1, cyp11a2, cyp17a1, cyp17a2, hsd3b1, hsd3b2), as well as the mitochondrial electron-providing ferredoxin co-factors (fdx1, fdx1b), during zebrafish development. Our studies showed an early expression of all these genes during embryogenesis. In larvae, expression of cyp11a2, cyp11c1, cyp17a2, cyp21a2, hsd3b1 and fdx1b can be detected in the interrenal gland, which is the zebrafish counterpart of the mammalian adrenal gland, whereas the fdx1 transcript is mainly found in the digestive system. Gene expression studies using quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR and whole-mount in situ hybridisation in the adult zebrafish brain revealed a wide expression of these genes throughout the encephalon, including neurogenic regions. Using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, we were able to demonstrate the presence of the glucocorticoid cortisol in the adult zebrafish brain. Moreover, we demonstrate de novo biosynthesis of cortisol and the neurosteroid tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone in the adult zebrafish brain from radiolabelled pregnenolone. Taken together, the present study comprises a comprehensive characterisation of the steroidogenic genes and the fdx co-factors facilitating glucocorticoid biosynthesis in zebrafish. Furthermore, we provide additional evidence of de novo neurosteroid biosynthesising in the brain of adult zebrafish facilitated by enzymes involved in glucocorticoid biosynthesis. Our study provides a valuable source for establishing the zebrafish as a translational model with respect to understanding the roles of the genes for glucocorticoid biosynthesis and fdx co-factors during embryonic development and stress, as well as in brain homeostasis and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Weger
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - N Diotel
- INSERM, UMR 1188, Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Université de La Réunion, Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
| | - B D Weger
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - T Beil
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - A Zaucker
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - H L Eachus
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Biomedical Science, The Bateson Centre, Sheffield, UK
| | - J A Oakes
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Biomedical Science, The Bateson Centre, Sheffield, UK
| | - J L do Rego
- Plateforme d'Analyse Comportementale (SCAC), Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicale, Inserm U1234, Université de Rouen, Rouen Cedex, France
| | - K-H Storbeck
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - P Gut
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - U Strähle
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - S Rastegar
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - F Müller
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - N Krone
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Biomedical Science, The Bateson Centre, Sheffield, UK
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16
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Jeffrey JD, Gilmour KM. Programming of the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal axis by maternal social status in zebrafish (Danio rerio). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 219:1734-43. [PMID: 27045091 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.138826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the effects of maternal social status, with subordinate status being a chronic stressor, on development and activity of the stress axis in zebrafish embryos and larvae. Female zebrafish were confined in pairs for 48 h to establish dominant/subordinate hierarchies; their offspring were reared to 144 h post-fertilization (hpf) and sampled at five time points over development. No differences were detected in maternal cortisol contribution, which is thought to be an important programmer of offspring phenotype. However, once zebrafish offspring began to synthesize cortisol de novo (48 hpf), larvae of dominant females exhibited significantly lower baseline cortisol levels than offspring of subordinate females. These lower cortisol levels may reflect reduced hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis activity, because corticotropin-releasing factor (crf) and cytochrome p450 side chain cleavage enzyme (p450scc) mRNA levels also were lower in larvae from dominant females. Moreover, baseline mRNA levels of HPI axis genes continued to be affected by maternal social status beyond 48 hpf. At 144 hpf, stress-induced cortisol levels were significantly lower in offspring of subordinate females. These results suggest programming of stress axis function in zebrafish offspring by maternal social status, emphasizing the importance of maternal environment and experience on offspring stress axis activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D Jeffrey
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Kathleen M Gilmour
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
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17
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Ribas L, Robledo D, Gómez-Tato A, Viñas A, Martínez P, Piferrer F. Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of the process of gonadal sex differentiation in the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 422:132-149. [PMID: 26586209 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The turbot is a flatfish with a ZW/ZZ sex determination system but with a still unknown sex determining gene(s), and with a marked sexual growth dimorphism in favor of females. To better understand sexual development in turbot we sampled young turbot encompassing the whole process of gonadal differentiation and conducted a comprehensive transcriptomic study on its sex differentiation using a validated custom oligomicroarray. Also, the expression profiles of 18 canonical reproduction-related genes were studied along gonad development. The expression levels of gonadal aromatase cyp19a1a alone at three months of age allowed the accurate and early identification of sex before the first signs of histological differentiation. A total of 56 differentially expressed genes (DEG) that had not previously been related to sex differentiation in fish were identified within the first three months of age, of which 44 were associated with ovarian differentiation (e.g., cd98, gpd1 and cry2), and 12 with testicular differentiation (e.g., ace, capn8 and nxph1). To identify putative sex determining genes, ∼4.000 DEG in juvenile gonads were mapped and their positions compared with that of previously identified sex- and growth-related quantitative trait loci (QTL). Although no genes mapped to the previously identified sex-related QTLs, two genes (foxl2 and 17βhsd) of the canonical reproduction-related genes mapped to growth-QTLs in linkage group (LG) 15 and LG6, respectively, suggesting that these genes are related to the growth dimorphism in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ribas
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Robledo
- Departamento de Genética. Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - A Gómez-Tato
- Departamento de Matemática Aplicada, Facultad de Matemáticas, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15781, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Viñas
- Departamento de Genética. Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - P Martínez
- Departamento de Genética. Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - F Piferrer
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
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18
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Prokkola JM, Katsiadaki I, Sebire M, Elphinstone-Davis J, Pausio S, Nikinmaa M, Leder EH. Microarray analysis of di-n-butyl phthalate and 17α ethinyl-oestradiol responses in three-spined stickleback testes reveals novel candidate genes for endocrine disruption. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 124:96-104. [PMID: 26476330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters are plasticizers frequently found in wastewater effluents. Previous studies on phthalates have reported anti-androgenic activity in mammals, causing concerns of their potential effects on the reproduction of aquatic organisms. Another group of environmental endocrine disrupters, steroidal estrogens, are known to inhibit steroid biosynthesis in the gonads, but the effects related to spermatogenesis are not well understood in fish. In this study, three-spined sticklebacks were exposed to di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and 17α ethinyl-oestradiol (EE2) at nominal concentrations 35μg/L and 40ng/L, respectively, for four days. The aim of the study was to obtain insight into the acute transcriptional responses putatively associated with endocrine disruption. RNA samples from eight individual male fish per treatment (including controls) were used in microarray analysis, covering the expression of approximately 21,000 genes. In the EE2 treatment the results show transcriptional downregulation of genes associated with steroid biosynthesis pathway and up-regulation of genes involved in pathways related to epidermal growth factor signaling and xenobiotic metabolism. The transcriptional response to DBP was in general weaker than to EE2, but based on enrichment analysis, we suggest adverse effects on retinoid metabolism, creatine kinase activity and cell adhesion. Among the genes showing highest fold changes after DBP treatment compared to control was the teleost fish -specific cytochrome P450 17A2. Overall, this study promotes our understanding on molecular responses to anti-androgens and estrogens in fish testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenni M Prokkola
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Ioanna Katsiadaki
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth, UK
| | - Marion Sebire
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth, UK
| | | | - Sanna Pausio
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Mikko Nikinmaa
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Erica H Leder
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo NO-0318, Norway
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19
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Gonadal Transcriptome Analysis in Sterile Double Haploid Japanese Flounder. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143204. [PMID: 26580217 PMCID: PMC4651314 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sterility is a serious problem that can affect all bionts. In teleosts, double haploids (DHs) induced by mitogynogenesis are often sterile. This sterility severely restricts the further application of DHs for production of clones, genetic analysis, and breeding. However, sterile DH individuals are good source materials for investigation of the molecular mechanisms of gonad development, especially for studies into the role of genes that are indispensable for fish reproduction. Here, we used the Illumina sequencing platform to analyze the transcriptome of sterile female DH Japanese flounder in order to identify major genes that cause sterility and to provide a molecular basis for an intensive study of gonadal development in teleosts. Through sequencing, assembly, and annotation, we obtained 52,474 contigs and found that 60.7% of these shared homologies with existing sequences. A total of 1225 differentially expressed unigenes were found, including 492 upregulated and 733 downregulated genes. Gene Ontology and KEGG analyses showed that genes showing significant upregulation, such as CYP11A1, CYP11B2, CYP17, CYP21, HSD3β, bcl2l1, and PRLR, principally correlated with sterol metabolic process, steroid biosynthetic process, and the Jak-stat signaling pathway. The significantly downregulated genes were primarily associated with immune response, antigen processing and presentation, cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, and protein digestion and absorption. Using a co-expression network analysis, we conducted a comprehensive comparison of gene expression in the gonads of fertile and sterile female DH Japanese flounder. Identification of genes showing significantly different expression will provide further insights into DH reproductive dysfunction and oocyte maturation processes in teleosts.
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Tokarz J, Möller G, Hrabě de Angelis M, Adamski J. Steroids in teleost fishes: A functional point of view. Steroids 2015; 103:123-44. [PMID: 26102270 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Steroid hormones are involved in the regulation of a variety of processes like embryonic development, sex differentiation, metabolism, immune responses, circadian rhythms, stress response, and reproduction in vertebrates. Teleost fishes and humans show a remarkable conservation in many developmental and physiological aspects, including the endocrine system in general and the steroid hormone related processes in particular. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge about steroid hormone biosynthesis and the steroid hormone receptors in teleost fishes and compares the findings to the human system. The impact of the duplicated genome in teleost fishes on steroid hormone biosynthesis and perception is addressed. Additionally, important processes in fish physiology regulated by steroid hormones, which are most dissimilar to humans, are described. We also give a short overview on the influence of anthropogenic endocrine disrupting compounds on steroid hormone signaling and the resulting adverse physiological effects for teleost fishes. By this approach, we show that the steroidogenesis, hormone receptors, and function of the steroid hormones are reasonably well understood when summarizing the available data of all teleost species analyzed to date. However, on the level of a single species or a certain fish-specific aspect of physiology, further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Tokarz
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Möller
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Genetik, Technische Universität München, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany; Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Genetik, Technische Universität München, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany; Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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21
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Lin JC, Hu S, Ho PH, Hsu HJ, Postlethwait JH, Chung BC. Two Zebrafish hsd3b Genes Are Distinct in Function, Expression, and Evolution. Endocrinology 2015; 156:2854-62. [PMID: 25974401 PMCID: PMC4511139 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
HSD3B catalyzes the synthesis of δ4 steroids such as progesterone in the adrenals and gonads. Individuals lacking HSD3B2 activity experience congenital adrenal hyperplasia with imbalanced steroid synthesis. To develop a zebrafish model of HSD3B deficiency, we characterized 2 zebrafish hsd3b genes. Our phylogenetic and conserved synteny analyses showed that the tandemly duplicated human HSD3B1 and HSD3B2 genes are coorthologs of zebrafish hsd3b1 on chromosome 9 (Dre9), whereas the gene called hsd3b2 resides on Dre20 in an ancestral chromosome segment, from which its ortholog was lost in the tetrapod lineage. Zebrafish hsd3b1(Dre 9) was expressed in adult gonads and headkidney, which contains interrenal glands, the zebrafish counterpart of the tetrapod adrenal. Knockdown of hsd3b1(Dre 9) caused the interrenal and anterior pituitary to expand and pigmentation to increase, resembling human HSD3B2 deficiency. The zebrafish hsd3b2(Dre 20) gene was expressed in zebrafish early embryos as maternal transcripts that disappeared 1 day after fertilization. Morpholino inactivation of hsd3b2(Dre 20) led to embryo elongation, which was rescued by the injection of hsd3b2 mRNA. Thus, zebrafish hsd3b2(Dre 20) evolved independently of hsd3b1(Dre 9) with a morphogenetic function during early embryogenesis. Zebrafish hsd3b1(Dre 9), on the contrary, functions like mammalian HSD3B2, whose deficiency leads to congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Chieh Lin
- Institute of Genome Sciences (J.-C.L., P.-H.H., B.-c.C.), National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112 Taiwan; Institute of Molecular Biology (J.-C.L., S.H., P.-H.H., H.-J.H., B.-c.C.), Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115 Taiwan; and Institute of Neuroscience (J.H.P.), University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403
| | - Shing Hu
- Institute of Genome Sciences (J.-C.L., P.-H.H., B.-c.C.), National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112 Taiwan; Institute of Molecular Biology (J.-C.L., S.H., P.-H.H., H.-J.H., B.-c.C.), Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115 Taiwan; and Institute of Neuroscience (J.H.P.), University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403
| | - Pei-Hung Ho
- Institute of Genome Sciences (J.-C.L., P.-H.H., B.-c.C.), National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112 Taiwan; Institute of Molecular Biology (J.-C.L., S.H., P.-H.H., H.-J.H., B.-c.C.), Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115 Taiwan; and Institute of Neuroscience (J.H.P.), University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403
| | - Hwei-Jan Hsu
- Institute of Genome Sciences (J.-C.L., P.-H.H., B.-c.C.), National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112 Taiwan; Institute of Molecular Biology (J.-C.L., S.H., P.-H.H., H.-J.H., B.-c.C.), Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115 Taiwan; and Institute of Neuroscience (J.H.P.), University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403
| | - John H Postlethwait
- Institute of Genome Sciences (J.-C.L., P.-H.H., B.-c.C.), National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112 Taiwan; Institute of Molecular Biology (J.-C.L., S.H., P.-H.H., H.-J.H., B.-c.C.), Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115 Taiwan; and Institute of Neuroscience (J.H.P.), University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403
| | - Bon-chu Chung
- Institute of Genome Sciences (J.-C.L., P.-H.H., B.-c.C.), National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112 Taiwan; Institute of Molecular Biology (J.-C.L., S.H., P.-H.H., H.-J.H., B.-c.C.), Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115 Taiwan; and Institute of Neuroscience (J.H.P.), University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403
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22
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Shi J, Jiao Z, Zheng S, Li M, Zhang J, Feng Y, Yin J, Shao B. Long-term effects of bisphenol AF (BPAF) on hormonal balance and genes of hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis and liver of zebrafish (Danio rerio), and the impact on offspring. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 128:252-7. [PMID: 25723718 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol AF (BPAF) is one of the analogues of bisphenol A (BPA) and is widely used as a raw material in the plastics industry. The potential toxicity to fish from exposure to BPAF in the aquatic environment is largely unknown. In this study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to BPAF at 5, 25 and 125 μg L(-1), from 4 hour-post-fertilization (hpf) to 120 day-post-fertilization (dpf), representing the period from embryo to adult. The levels of plasma hormones were measured and the expression of selected representative genes along the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis and liver were examined. The concentration of 17β-estradiol (E2) was significantly increased in male and female fish and a significant decrease of testosterone (T) was observed in male fish. The mRNA expression of genes along the HPG axis and in liver tissues in F0 generation fish demonstrated that the steroid hormonal balances of zebrafish were modulated through the alteration of steroidgenesis. The significant decrease of egg fertilization among offspring indicates the possibility of sperm deterioration of parent following exposure to BPAF. The higher occurrence of malformation and lower survival rate in the offspring from the exposure group suggested a possibility of maternal transfer of BPAF, which could be responsible for the increased prevalence of adverse health signs in the offspring. The hatching delay in 5 μg L(-1) BPAF indicated that parental exposure to environmentally relevant concentration of BPAF would result in delayed hatching of the offspring. A potential consequence of adverse effects in the offspring by BPAF deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Zhihao Jiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Sai Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Ming Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Yixing Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Bing Shao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Beijing 100013, China.
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Liang YQ, Huang GY, Ying GG, Liu SS, Jiang YX, Liu S, Peng FJ. A time-course transcriptional kinetics of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes in zebrafish eleutheroembryos after exposure to norgestrel. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:112-119. [PMID: 25319565 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of norgestrel on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axes in zebrafish eleutheroembryos. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to different concentrations of norgestrel (0 ng L(-1) , 5 ng L(-1) , 50 ng L(-1) , and 100 ng L(-1) ) for 144 h post fertilization (hpf), and the transcriptional profiles of the HPG and HPA axes were examined every day. Norgestrel modulated the expression of Pgr and Vtg1 messenger (m)RNAs mainly at 96 hpf for all treatment groups. In addition, norgestrel strongly altered the expression of Cyp11a1 mRNA above 5 ng L(-1) (significant upregulation from 48 hpf to 120 hpf and significant downregulation for 144 hpf). Norgestrel treatment could significantly induce expression of Cyp19a1a, Cyp11b, Gnrh2, Gnrh3, and Lhb mRNAs but inhibit transcripts of Hsd11b2 and Crh genes above 5 ng L(-1) at different time points. The transcriptional expression levels of Esr1, Ar, Star, Hsd17b3, Fshb, and Pomc were also mediated by 5 ng L(-1) norgestrel or higher during different exposure periods. Taken together, the overall results imply that the transcriptional changes in zebrafish eleutheroembryos may pose a potential effect on embryonic development, in particular in the brain and gonadogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qiu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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24
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Kalasekar SM, Zacharia E, Kessler N, Ducharme NA, Gustafsson JÅ, Kakadiaris IA, Bondesson M. Identification of environmental chemicals that induce yolk malabsorption in zebrafish using automated image segmentation. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 55:20-9. [PMID: 25462786 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Environmental factors affecting nutrient availability during development can cause predisposition to diseases later in life. To identify chemicals in the environment capable of altering nutrient mobilization, we analyzed yolk malabsorption in the zebrafish embryo, which relies on maternally-derived yolk for nutrition during its first week of life. Embryos of the transgenic zebrafish line HGn50D, which fluoresce in the yolk syncytial layer, were exposed from two to five days post fertilization to different chemicals. We developed a software package to automatically and accurately segment and quantify the area of the fluorescing yolk in images captured at the end of the treatment period. Based on this quantification, we found that prochloraz decreased yolk absorption, while butralin, tetrabromobisphenol A, tetrachlorobisphenol A and tributyltin increased yolk absorption. Given the number and variety of industrial chemicals in commerce today, development of automated image processing to perform high-speed quantitative analysis of biological effects is an important step for enabling high throughput screening to identify chemicals altering nutrient absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharanya Maanasi Kalasekar
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Eleni Zacharia
- Department of Computer Science, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Noah Kessler
- Department of Computer Science, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Nicole A Ducharme
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA; Karolinska Institutet, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - Maria Bondesson
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
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25
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Ravi P, Jiang J, Liew WC, Orbán L. Small-scale transcriptomics reveals differences among gonadal stages in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer). Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2014; 12:5. [PMID: 24405829 PMCID: PMC3896769 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-12-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) is a protandrous hermaphrodite that typically matures as a male at approximately 2-4 years of age and then changes sex in subsequent years. Although several sexual maturation stages have been described histologically for both testis and ovary, the underlying gene expression profiles remain lacking. The development of a gene expression platform is therefore necessary to improve our understanding of the gonad development of this cultured teleost species. METHODS Thirty Asian seabass gonads were collected from farms in Singapore, examined histologically and staged according to their sex and gonadal maturation status. Partial coding sequences of 24 sex-related genes were cloned using degenerate primers and were sequenced. Additional 13 cDNA sequences were obtained through next-generation sequencing. A real-time qPCR was then performed using the microfluidic-based Fluidigm 48.48 Dynamic arrays. RESULTS We obtained 17 ovaries and 13 testes at various stages of sexual maturation. Of the 37 genes that were tested, 32 (86%) showed sexually dimorphic expression. These genes included sex-related genes, sox9, wt1, amh, nr5a2, dmrt1 and nr0b1, which showed testis-enhanced expression similar to other vertebrate species. Known male- and female-enhanced germ cells markers, which were established from studies in other species, similarly showed testis- and ovary-enhanced expression, respectively, in the Asian seabass. Three pro-Wnt signaling genes were also upregulated in the ovary, consistent with existing studies that suggested the role of Wnt signaling in ovarian differentiation in teleosts and mammals. The expression patterns of genes involved in steroidogenesis, retinoic acid metabolism, apoptosis and NF-κB signaling were also described. We were able to classify gonads according to sex and gonadal maturation stages, based on their small-scale transcriptomic profiles, and to uncover a wide variation in expression profiles among individuals of the same sex. CONCLUSIONS The analysis of a selected set of genes related to reproduction and in sufficient number of individuals using a qPCR array can elucidate new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in Asian seabass gonad development. Given the conservation of gene expression patterns found in this study, these insights may also help us draw parallels with other teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi Ravi
- Reproductive Genomics Group, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
- Present address: National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, GKVK, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Junhui Jiang
- Reproductive Genomics Group, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore, 5 Maxwell Rd, Singapore 069110, Singapore
| | - Woei Chang Liew
- Reproductive Genomics Group, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - László Orbán
- Reproductive Genomics Group, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Department of Animal Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, H-8360, Keszthely, Hungary
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Tokarz J, Möller G, de Angelis MH, Adamski J. Zebrafish and steroids: what do we know and what do we need to know? J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 137:165-73. [PMID: 23376612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Zebrafish, Danio rerio, has long been used as a model organism in developmental biology. Nowadays, due to their advantages compared to other model animals, the fish gain popularity and are also increasingly used in endocrinology. This review focuses on an important aspect of endocrinology in zebrafish by summarizing the progress in steroid hormone related research. We present the state of the art of research on steroidogenesis, the action of steroid hormones, and steroid catabolism and cover the incremental usage of zebrafish as a test animal in endocrine disruption research. By this approach, we demonstrate that some aspects of steroid hormone research are well characterized (e.g., expression patterns of the genes involved), while other aspects such as functional analyses of enzymes, steroid hormone elimination, or the impact of steroid hormones on embryonic development or sex differentiation have not been extensively studied and are poorly understood. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'CSR 2013'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Tokarz
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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27
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Parajes S, Griffin A, Taylor AE, Rose IT, Miguel-Escalada I, Hadzhiev Y, Arlt W, Shackleton C, Müller F, Krone N. Redefining the initiation and maintenance of zebrafish interrenal steroidogenesis by characterizing the key enzyme cyp11a2. Endocrinology 2013; 154:2702-11. [PMID: 23671259 DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Zebrafish are emerging as a model to study steroid hormone action and associated disease. However, steroidogenesis in zebrafish is not well characterized. Mammalian P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1) catalyzes the first step of steroidogenesis, the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone. Previous studies describe an essential role for zebrafish Cyp11a1 during early development. Cyp11a1 has been suggested to be the functional equivalent of mammalian CYP11A1 in the zebrafish interrenal gland (equivalent to the mammalian adrenal), gonad, and brain. However, reported cyp11a1 expression is inconsistent in zebrafish larvae, after active cortisol synthesis commences. Recently a duplicated cyp11a gene, cyp11a2, has been described, which shares an 85% identity with cyp11a1. We aimed to elucidate the specific role of the two cyp11a paralogs. cyp11a1 was expressed from 0 to 48 hours post-fertilization (hpf), whereas cyp11a2 expression started after the development of the interrenal primordium (32 hpf) and was the only paralog in larvae. cyp11a2 is expressed in adult steroidogenic tissues, such as the interrenal, gonads, and brain. In contrast, cyp11a1 was mainly restricted to the gonads. Antisense morpholino knockdown studies confirmed abnormal gastrulation in cyp11a1 morphants. cyp11a2 morphants showed impaired steroidogenesis and a phenotype indicative of metabolic abnormalities. The phenotype was rescued by pregnenolone replacement in cyp11a2 morphants. Thus, we conclude that cyp11a1 is required for early development, whereas cyp11a2 is essential for the initiation and maintenance of zebrafish interrenal steroidogenesis. Importantly, this study highlights the need for a comprehensive characterization of steroidogenesis in zebrafish prior to its implementation as a model organism in translational research of adrenal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Parajes
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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28
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Weger BD, Weger M, Nusser M, Brenner-Weiss G, Dickmeis T. A chemical screening system for glucocorticoid stress hormone signaling in an intact vertebrate. ACS Chem Biol 2012; 7:1178-83. [PMID: 22545806 PMCID: PMC3401037 DOI: 10.1021/cb3000474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Glucocorticoids, steroid hormones of the adrenal gland,
are an
integral part of the stress response and regulate glucose metabolism.
Natural and synthetic glucocorticoids are widely used in anti-inflammatory
therapy but can have severe side effects. In vivo tests are needed to identify novel glucocorticoids and to screen
compounds for unwanted effects on glucocorticoid signaling. We created
the Glucocorticoid Responsive In vivoZebrafish Luciferase
activitY assay to monitor glucocorticoid signaling in vivo. The GRIZLY assay detects stress-induced glucocorticoid
production in single zebrafish larvae, measures disruption of glucocorticoid
signaling by an organotin pollutant metabolite, and specifically identifies
a compound stimulating endogenous glucocorticoid production in a chemical
screen. Our assay has broad applications in stress research, environmental
monitoring, and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D. Weger
- Institute
of Toxicology and Genetics and ‡Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz
1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Meltem Weger
- Institute
of Toxicology and Genetics and ‡Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz
1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Michael Nusser
- Institute
of Toxicology and Genetics and ‡Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz
1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Gerald Brenner-Weiss
- Institute
of Toxicology and Genetics and ‡Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz
1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Thomas Dickmeis
- Institute
of Toxicology and Genetics and ‡Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz
1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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29
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The yolk syncytial layer in early zebrafish development. Trends Cell Biol 2010; 20:586-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2010.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Revised: 06/28/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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