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Maejima Y, Yokota S, Yamachi M, Misaka S, Ono T, Oizumi H, Mizuno K, Hidema S, Nishimori K, Aoyama M, de Wet H, Shimomura K. Traditional Japanese medicine Kamikihito ameliorates sucrose preference, chronic inflammation and obesity induced by a high fat diet in middle-aged mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1387964. [PMID: 38742193 PMCID: PMC11089234 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1387964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of obesity has become a pressing global public health problem and there exists a strong association between increased BMI and mortality at a BMI of 25 kg/m2 or higher. The prevalence of obesity is higher among middle-aged adults than among younger groups and the combination of aging and obesity exacerbate systemic inflammation. Increased inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) are hallmarks of obesity, and promote the secretion of hepatic C-reactive protein (CRP) which further induces systematic inflammation. The neuropeptide oxytocin has been shown to have anti-obesity and anti-inflammation effects, and also suppress sweet-tasting carbohydrate consumption in mammals. Previously, we have shown that the Japanese herbal medicine Kamikihito (KKT), which is used to treat neuropsychological stress disorders in Japan, functions as an oxytocin receptors agonist. In the present study, we further investigated the effect of KKT on body weight (BW), food intake, inflammation, and sweet preferences in middle-aged obese mice. KKT oral administration for 12 days decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the liver, and the plasma CRP and TNFα levels in obese mice. The effect of KKT administration was found to be different between male and female mice. In the absence of sucrose, KKT administration decreased food intake only in male mice. However, while having access to a 30% sucrose solution, both BW and food intake was decreased by KKT administration in male and female mice; but sucrose intake was decreased in female mice alone. In addition, KKT administration decreased sucrose intake in oxytocin deficient lean mice, but not in the WT lean mice. The present study demonstrates that KKT ameliorates chronic inflammation, which is strongly associated with aging and obesity, and decreases food intake in male mice as well as sucrose intake in female mice; in an oxytocin receptor dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Maejima
- Department of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Obesity and Inflammation research, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shoko Yokota
- Department of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Megumi Yamachi
- Department of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shingen Misaka
- Department of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Ono
- Department of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Oizumi
- Tsumura Kampo Research Laboratories, Kampo Research and Development Division, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Keita Mizuno
- Tsumura Kampo Research Laboratories, Kampo Research and Development Division, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shizu Hidema
- Department of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Nishimori
- Department of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Masato Aoyama
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Heidi de Wet
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kenju Shimomura
- Department of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Obesity and Inflammation research, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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Liu M, Li C, Qu J, Sun S, Zhao Z, Wang W, Lv W, Zhang Y, Cai Y, Zhao F, Wu F, Zhang S, Zhao X. Baicalein enhances immune response in TNBC by inhibiting leptin expression of adipocytes. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:3834-3847. [PMID: 37489486 PMCID: PMC10551602 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a special pathological type of breast cancer (BC) with poor prognosis. Obesity is shown to be involved in TNBC tumor progression. The interaction between obesity and BC has generated great attention in recent years, however, the mechanism is still unclear. Here, we showed that leptin secreted by adipocytes upregulated PD-L1 expression in TNBC through the p-STAT3 signaling pathway and that baicalein inhibited PD-L1 expression in tumor microenvironment by suppressing leptin transcription of adipocytes. Collectively, our findings suggest that leptin may be the key factor participating in obesity-related tumor progression and that baicalein can break through the dilemma to boost the anti-tumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Liu
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Chaofan Li
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jingkun Qu
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Shiyu Sun
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zitong Zhao
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Wei Lv
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yifan Cai
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Fang Zhao
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Xixi Zhao
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
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Rakib A, Mandal M, Showkat A, Kiran S, Mazumdar S, Singla B, Bajwa A, Kumar S, Park F, Singh UP. Piceatannol induces regulatory T cells and modulates the inflammatory response and adipogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114514. [PMID: 36921534 PMCID: PMC10071559 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of the polyphenolic compound piceatannol (PC) has been reported for metabolic diseases, antiproliferative, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties. Despite its beneficial effects on inflammatory diseases, little is known about how PC regulates inflammatory responses and adipogenesis. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the effects of PC on the inflammatory response and adipogenesis. The effect of PC on splenocytes, 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and RAW264.7 macrophages was analyzed by flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, morphometry, and western blot analysis. PC induced apoptosis in activated T cells in a dose-dependent manner using stimulated splenocytes and reduced the activation of T cells, altered T cell frequency, and interestingly induced the frequency of regulatory T (Treg) cells as compared to controls. PC suppressed the expression of TNF-α, iNOS, IL-6R, and NF-κB activation in RAW264.7 macrophages after lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induction as compared to the control. Interestingly, PC altered the cell morphology of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with a concomitant decrease in cell volume, lipid deposition, and TNF-α expression, but upregulation of leptin and IL-1β. Our findings suggested that PC induced apoptosis in activated T cells, decreased immune cell activation and inflammatory response, and hindered adipogenesis. This new set of data provides promising hope as a new therapeutic to treat both inflammatory disease and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Rakib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mousumi Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Anaum Showkat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sonia Kiran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Soumi Mazumdar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Bhupesh Singla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Aman Bajwa
- Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Frank Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Udai P Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Recent Advances in the Knowledge of the Mechanisms of Leptin Physiology and Actions in Neurological and Metabolic Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021422. [PMID: 36674935 PMCID: PMC9860943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Excess body weight is frequently associated with low-grade inflammation. Evidence indicates a relationship between obesity and cancer, as well as with other diseases, such as diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, in which inflammation and the actions of various adipokines play a role in the pathological mechanisms involved in these disorders. Leptin is mainly produced by adipose tissue in proportion to fat stores, but it is also synthesized in other organs, where leptin receptors are expressed. This hormone performs numerous actions in the brain, mainly related to the control of energy homeostasis. It is also involved in neurogenesis and neuroprotection, and central leptin resistance is related to some neurological disorders, e.g., Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. In peripheral tissues, leptin is implicated in the regulation of metabolism, as well as of bone density and muscle mass. All these actions can be affected by changes in leptin levels and the mechanisms associated with resistance to this hormone. This review will present recent advances in the molecular mechanisms of leptin action and their underlying roles in pathological situations, which may be of interest for revealing new approaches for the treatment of diseases where the actions of this adipokine might be compromised.
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Anhê GF, Bordin S. The adaptation of maternal energy metabolism to lactation and its underlying mechanisms. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 553:111697. [PMID: 35690287 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Maternal energy metabolism undergoes a singular adaptation during lactation that allows for the caloric enrichment of milk. Changes in the mammary gland, changes in the white adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue, liver, skeletal muscles and endocrine pancreas are pivotal for this adaptation. The present review details the landmark studies describing the enzymatic modulation and the endocrine signals behind these metabolic changes. We will also update this perspective with data from recent studies showing transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms that mediate the adaptation of the maternal metabolism to lactation. The present text will also bring experimental and observational data that describe the long-term consequences that short periods of lactation impose to maternal metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Forato Anhê
- Department of Translational Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Silvana Bordin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Colleluori G, Galli C, Severi I, Perugini J, Giordano A. Early Life Stress, Brain Development, and Obesity Risk: Is Oxytocin the Missing Link? Cells 2022; 11:cells11040623. [PMID: 35203274 PMCID: PMC8870435 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity disease results from a dysfunctional modulation of the energy balance whose master regulator is the central nervous system. The neural circuitries involved in such function complete their maturation during early postnatal periods, when the brain is highly plastic and profoundly influenced by the environment. This phenomenon is considered as an evolutionary strategy, whereby metabolic functions are adjusted to environmental cues, such as food availability and maternal care. In this timeframe, adverse stimuli may program the body metabolism to maximize energy storage abilities to cope with hostile conditions. Consistently, the prevalence of obesity is higher among individuals who experienced early life stress (ELS). Oxytocin, a hypothalamic neurohormone, regulates the energy balance and modulates social, emotional, and eating behaviors, exerting both central and peripheral actions. Oxytocin closely cooperates with leptin in regulating energy homeostasis. Both oxytocin and leptin impact the neurodevelopment during critical periods and are affected by ELS and obesity. In this review article, we report evidence from the literature describing the effect of postnatal ELS (specifically, disorganized/inconstant maternal care) on the vulnerability to obesity with a focus on the role of oxytocin. We emphasize the existing research gaps and highlight promising directions worthy of exploration. Based on the available data, alterations in the oxytocin system may in part mediate the ELS-induced susceptibility to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Colleluori
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10/A, 60020 Ancona, Italy; (G.C.); (C.G.); (I.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Chiara Galli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10/A, 60020 Ancona, Italy; (G.C.); (C.G.); (I.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Ilenia Severi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10/A, 60020 Ancona, Italy; (G.C.); (C.G.); (I.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Jessica Perugini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10/A, 60020 Ancona, Italy; (G.C.); (C.G.); (I.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10/A, 60020 Ancona, Italy; (G.C.); (C.G.); (I.S.); (J.P.)
- Center of Obesity, Marche Polytechnic University-United Hospitals, 60020 Ancona, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-071-220-6086; Fax: +39-071-220-6087
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