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Tang X, Zhao S, Luo J, Wang B, Wu X, Deng R, Chang K, Chen M. Smart Stimuli-Responsive Spherical Nucleic Acids: Cutting-Edge Platforms for Biosensing, Bioimaging, and Therapeutics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310732. [PMID: 38299771 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) with exceptional colloidal stability, multiple modularity, and programmability are excellent candidates to address common molecular delivery-related issues. Based on this, the higher targeting accuracy and enhanced controllability of stimuli-responsive SNAs render them precise nanoplatforms with inestimable prospects for diverse biomedical applications. Therefore, tailored diagnosis and treatment with stimuli-responsive SNAs may be a robust strategy to break through the bottlenecks associated with traditional nanocarriers. Various stimuli-responsive SNAs are engineered through the incorporation of multifunctional modifications to meet biomedical demands with the development of nucleic acid functionalization. This review provides a comprehensive overview of prominent research in this area and recent advancements in the utilization of stimuli-responsive SNAs in biosensing, bioimaging, and therapeutics. For each aspect, SNA nanoplatforms that exhibit responsive behavior to both internal stimuli (including sequence, enzyme, redox reactions, and pH) and external stimuli (such as light and temperature) are highlighted. This review is expected to offer inspiration and guidance strategies for the rational design and development of stimuli-responsive SNAs in the field of biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Binpan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xianlan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ruijia Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Kai Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
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Ahmadi E, Wang S, Gouran-Savadkoohi M, Douvi G, Isfahanian N, Tsakiridis N, Faught BE, Cutz JC, Sur M, Chawla S, Pond GR, Steinberg GR, Brown I, Tsakiridis T. Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) Expression Predicts Need for Early Treatment in Prostate Cancer Patients Managed with Active Surveillance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16022. [PMID: 38003213 PMCID: PMC10671119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysregulation is an early event in carcinogenesis. Here, we examined the expression of enzymes involved in de novo lipogenesis (ATP-citrate lyase: ACLY), glucose uptake (Glucose Transporter 1: GLUT1), and folate-glutamate metabolism (Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen: PSMA) as potential biomarkers of risk for early prostate cancer progression. Patients who were managed initially on active surveillance with a Gleason score of 6 or a low-volume Gleason score of 7 (3 + 4) were accrued from a prostate cancer diagnostic assessment program. Patients were asked to donate their baseline diagnostic biopsy tissues and permit access to their clinical data. PSMA, GLUT1, and ACLY expression were examined with immunohistochemistry (IHC) in baseline biopsies, quantitated by Histologic Score for expression in benign and malignant glands, and compared with patient time remaining on active surveillance (time-on-AS). All three markers showed trends for elevated expression in malignant compared to benign glands, which was statistically significant for ACLY. On univariate analysis, increased PSMA and GLUT1 expression in malignant glands was associated with shorter time-on-AS (HR: 5.06, [CI 95%: 1.83-13.94] and HR: 2.44, [CI 95%: 1.10-5.44], respectively). Malignant ACLY and benign gland PSMA and GLUT1 expression showed non-significant trends for such association. On multivariate analysis, overexpression of PSMA in malignant glands was an independent predictor of early PC progression (p = 0.006). This work suggests that the expression of metabolic enzymes determined by IHC on baseline diagnostic prostate biopsies may have value as biomarkers of risk for rapid PC progression. PSMA may be an independent predictor of risk for progression and should be investigated further in systematic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ahmadi
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (E.A.); (S.W.); (M.G.-S.); (G.D.); (N.I.); (G.R.P.)
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada;
- Center for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Simon Wang
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (E.A.); (S.W.); (M.G.-S.); (G.D.); (N.I.); (G.R.P.)
- Center for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Mohammad Gouran-Savadkoohi
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (E.A.); (S.W.); (M.G.-S.); (G.D.); (N.I.); (G.R.P.)
| | - Georgia Douvi
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (E.A.); (S.W.); (M.G.-S.); (G.D.); (N.I.); (G.R.P.)
| | - Naghmeh Isfahanian
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (E.A.); (S.W.); (M.G.-S.); (G.D.); (N.I.); (G.R.P.)
| | - Nicole Tsakiridis
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (N.T.); (B.E.F.)
| | - Brent E. Faught
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (N.T.); (B.E.F.)
| | - Jean-Claude Cutz
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (J.-C.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Monalisa Sur
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (J.-C.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Satish Chawla
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Niagara Health System, St. Catharines, ON L2S 0A9, Canada;
| | - Gregory R. Pond
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (E.A.); (S.W.); (M.G.-S.); (G.D.); (N.I.); (G.R.P.)
| | - Gregory R. Steinberg
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada;
- Center for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Ian Brown
- Department of Surgery, Niagara Health System, St. Catharines, ON L2S 0A9, Canada;
| | - Theodoros Tsakiridis
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (E.A.); (S.W.); (M.G.-S.); (G.D.); (N.I.); (G.R.P.)
- Center for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (J.-C.C.); (M.S.)
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Lo N, He HH, Chen S. Genome-wide studies in prostate cancer poised liquid biopsy as a molecular discovery tool. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1185013. [PMID: 37692852 PMCID: PMC10484097 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1185013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy is emerging as an intriguing tool in clinical disease detection and monitoring. Compared to a standard tissue biopsy, performing a liquid biopsy incurs minimal invasiveness, captures comprehensive disease representation, and can be more sensitive at an early stage. Recent genome-wide liquid biopsy studies in prostate cancer analyzing plasma samples have provided insights into the genome and epigenome dynamics during disease progression. In-depth genomic sequencing can offer a comprehensive understanding of cancer evolution, enabling more accurate clinical decision-making. Furthermore, exploring beyond the DNA sequence itself provides opportunities to investigate the regulatory mechanisms underlying various disease phenotypes. Here, we summarize these advances and offer prospects for their future application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Lo
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Housheng Hansen He
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sujun Chen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- West China School of Public Health, West China Fourth Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Lin J, Zhuo Y, Zhang Y, Liu R, Zhong W. Molecular predictors of metastasis in patients with prostate cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:199-215. [PMID: 36860119 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2187289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer is a serious threat to the health of older adults worldwide. The quality of life and survival time of patients sharply decline once metastasis occurs. Thus, early screening for prostate cancer is very advanced in developed countries. The detection methods used include Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) detection and digital rectal examination. However, the lack of universal access to early screening in some developing countries has resulted in an increased number of patients presenting with metastatic prostate cancer. In addition, the treatment methods for metastatic and localized prostate cancer are considerably different. In many patients, early-stage prostate cancer cells often metastasize due to delayed observation, negative PSA results, and delay in treatment time. Therefore, the identification of patients who are prone to metastasis is important for future clinical studies. AREAS COVERED this review introduced a large number of predictive molecules related to prostate cancer metastasis. These molecules involve the mutation and regulation of tumor cell genes, changes in the tumor microenvironment, and the liquid biopsy. EXPERT OPINION In next decade, PSMA PET/CT and liquid biopsy will be the excellent predicting tools, while 177 Lu- PSMA-RLT will be showed excellent anti-tumor efficacy in mPCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jundong Lin
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yangjia Zhuo
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yixun Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ren Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weide Zhong
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Qiu X, Chen M, Yin H, Zhang Q, Li H, Guo S, Fu Y, Zang S, Ai S, Wang F, Guo H. Prediction of Biochemical Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy Based on Preoperative 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT. Front Oncol 2021; 11:745530. [PMID: 34660310 PMCID: PMC8514861 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.745530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was designed to investigate the prognostic role of preoperative 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in predicting biochemical recurrence (BCR) of localized prostate cancer (PCa) after radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods A total of 77 biopsy-confirmed PCa patients with 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT prior to RP were included. A PSMA-ligand PET/CT-based risk model with SUVmax, maximum diameter of the index tumor and T stage was developed for prediction of 2-year BCR using Cox regression analysis. Also, the efficacy of the developed risk model was compared with European Association of Urology risk stratification (D’Amico) and the Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment (CAPRA) score. C-index and calibration plot were used to assess discrimination and calibration with internal validation. Results With a median follow-up of 25 months, 23 (29.9%) patients experienced BCR within 2 years after RP. Patients experienced BCR had a significant higher PSA at diagnosis (p<0.001), a higher ISUP grade of biopsy (p=0.044), as well as a higher ISUP grade (p=0.001), a higher possibility of T3 diseases (p=0.001) and positive margin (p=0.008) on postoperative pathology. SUVmax, maximum diameter of the index tumor and T stage on preoperative PSMA-ligand PET/CT were significantly associated with BCR (all p<0.01). PSMA-ligand PET/CT-based risk model had a superior discrimination (c-index 78.5%) and good calibration at internal validation. The efficacy of this model in predicting 2-year BCR after RP was better, compared with CAPRA (c-index 66.3%) and D’Amico (c-index 66.2%). The addition of the PSMA-ligand PET/CT-derived variables also improved the efficacy of the existing models in predicting 2-year BCR (C-index of 78.9% for modified CAPRA and 79.3% for modified D’Amico, respectively). Conclusion A PSMA-ligand PET/CT-based risk model showed good efficacy in predicting 2-year BCR after RP, which needed to be validated by further prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Qiu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengxia Chen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoli Yin
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Radiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoyang Li
- Department of Applied Mathematics, X2017 École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
| | - Suhan Guo
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Drum Tower hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiming Zang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuyue Ai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongqian Guo
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Vicente‐Ruiz S, Serrano‐Martí A, Armiñán A, Vicent MJ. Nanomedicine for the Treatment of Advanced Prostate Cancer. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Vicente‐Ruiz
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3 Valencia 46012 Spain
| | - Antoni Serrano‐Martí
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3 Valencia 46012 Spain
| | - Ana Armiñán
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3 Valencia 46012 Spain
| | - María J. Vicent
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3 Valencia 46012 Spain
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Abstract
The role of prostate MRI in clinical practice has continued to broaden over time. Multiple iterations of PI-RADS reporting have aided in improving detection and reporting of prostate cancer. In addition, recent recommendations from the PI-RADS Steering Committee promote an MRI-first approach with an MRI-directed prostate cancer diagnostic pathway. It is imperative for radiologists to be knowledgeable and familiar with prostate MRI and PI-RADS recommendations, as there is an increasing demand for prostate imaging by clinicians and patients alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace C Lo
- Division of Body Imaging, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, Box 141, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Daniel J A Margolis
- Division of Body Imaging, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, Box 141, New York, NY, 10065, USA
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Atan A. Multiparametric prostatic MRI should not be the only method to decide re-biopsy in the patients who had a negative prostatic biopsy. Int Urol Nephrol 2019; 51:1781-1782. [PMID: 31289982 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-019-02227-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Atan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
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9
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Role of bioactive lipofishins in prevention of inflammation and colon cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 56:175-184. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Racial and Ethnic Trends in Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Philadelphia, PA: an Observational Study. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2018; 6:371-379. [PMID: 30520002 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-018-00534-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To learn more about local prostate cancer (PCa) disparities, we conducted descriptive analyses of the role of race and age in PCa using the Pennsylvania Cancer Registry data for Philadelphia (2005-2014). METHODS We focused on the most prevalent race/ethnic groups: white (33%), black (44%), and Hispanic (9%). Outcomes included PCa rates, tumor stage, and tumor grade. Percent change was used to describe changes in age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates. Frequency tables and logistic regression models were used to describe trends in proportions of advanced PCa by race and time. Race-by-time interaction terms were retained in the models if statistically significant. RESULTS PCa incidence was highest for black men over time. Incidence rates declined over time for all race groups (- 28% for white men to - 38% for Hispanic men). PCa mortality rates declined in a less universal manner (- 5% for blacks to - 32% for whites). Each year, odds increased across all race groups for advanced tumor stage (4% each year among white and Hispanic men and 9% each year among black men) and for advanced tumor grade (4% each year among white and black men and 23% each year among Hispanic men). Among younger men, black men experienced significantly increased odds of advanced tumor stage each year (8%) and Hispanics experienced significantly increased odds of advanced tumor grade each year (30%). CONCLUSIONS Black men remain at highest PCa risk relative to other racial/ethnic groups in Philadelphia. Younger black and Hispanic men are at particular risk for advanced PCa at diagnosis.
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Goč S, Janković M. On-Chip Mass Spectrometry-Based Immunoassay as a Tool for the Detection of Molecular Species from Prostate-Specific Antigen in Female Serum. ANAL LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2016.1161047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Atan A, Güzel Ö. How should prostate specific antigen be interpreted? Turk J Urol 2015; 39:188-93. [PMID: 26328106 DOI: 10.5152/tud.2013.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Since from its clinical introduction to the present time, measurement of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level is one of the most widely used tests in urology practice. Initially, the upper limit for PSA was 4 ng/mL, but today, a reduction for the upper limit is recommended to 2.5-3 ng/mL for patients between 60 and 65 years of age and younger. On the use of PSA as a screening test for prostate cancer, there are differences of opinion. However, it is a recommended test in the evaluation and monitoring of the risky group for prostate cancer. In conclusion PSA test should be performed at appropriate intervals for appropriate people with an appropriate age, after informing the patient about the test in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Atan
- Department of Urology, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özer Güzel
- Department of Urology, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Poveda JL, Gómez Meza JE, Avila Polanco L, Rojas a D, Larios CA, Citatella Otero D. Predicción del riesgo de adenocarcinoma prostático con el uso del Prostate Cancer Prevention, Trial Risk Calulator en una cohorte colombiana. UROLOGÍA COLOMBIANA 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.uroco.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Poveda JL, Gómez Meza JE, Avila Polanco L, Rojas D, Larios CA. Predicción de riesgo de adenocarcinoma prostático con el uso del Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial Risk Calculator en una cohorte colombiana. UROLOGÍA COLOMBIANA 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.uroco.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Corcoran C, Rani S, O'Driscoll L. miR-34a is an intracellular and exosomal predictive biomarker for response to docetaxel with clinical relevance to prostate cancer progression. Prostate 2014; 74:1320-34. [PMID: 25053345 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Docetaxel-resistance limits successful treatment of castration resistant prostate cancer. We previously demonstrated that extracellular vesicles (exosomes) may play a role in regulating docetaxel resistance. Here, we investigated intracellular and extracellular (exosomal) miRNAs related to docetaxel resistance. METHODS Following global miRNA profiling of cell line models of docetaxel-resistance and their corresponding exosomes, we investigated the clinical relevance of four selected miRNAs (miR-598, miR-34a, miR-146a, miR-148a) in four publically available clinical cohorts representing both primary and advanced disease in tissue and urine specimens. One of these miRNAs, miR-34a was selected for functional evaluation by miRNA inhibition and over-expression in vitro. We further assessed the panel of miRNAs for their combined clinical relevance as a biomarker signature by examining their common predicted targets. RESULTS A strong correlation was found between the detection of miRNAs in exosomes and their corresponding cells of origin. Of the miRNAs chosen for further validation and clinical assessment, decreased miR-34a levels showed substantial clinical relevance and so was chosen for further analysis. Manipulating miR-34a in prostate cancer cells confirms that this miRNA regulates BCL-2 and may, in part, regulate response to docetaxel. When combined, these miRNAs are predicted to regulate a range of common mRNA targets, two of which (e.g., SNCA, SCL7A5) demonstrate a strong relationship with prostate cancer progression and poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS This study supports the extracellular environment as an important source of minimally invasive predictive biomarkers representing their cellular origin. Using miR-34a as example, we showed that biomarkers identified in this manner may also hold functional relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Corcoran
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Prager AJ, Peng CR, Lita E, McNally D, Kaushal A, Sproull M, Compton K, Dahut WL, Figg WD, Citrin D, Camphausen KA. Urinary aHGF, IGFBP3 and OPN as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for prostate cancer. Biomark Med 2014; 7:831-41. [PMID: 24266816 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.13.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Serum PSA screening for prostate cancer (PCa) is controversial. Here, we identify three urinary biomarkers - aHGF, IGFBP3 and OPN - for PCa screening and prognostication. METHODS Urinary aHGF, OPN and IGFBP3 from healthy men (n = 19) and men with localized (n = 65) and metastatic (n = 36) PCa were quantified via ELISA. Mann-Whitney nonparametric t-test and the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) analyses were used to analyze associations. RESULTS Mean aHGF and IGFBP3 levels were significantly elevated in PCa patients versus controls (p = 0.0006 and p = 0.0012, respectively), and the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve (indicator of diagnostic accuracy) for aHGF and IGFBP3 was 0.75 and 0.74, respectively. OPN levels were significantly higher in metastatic groups (p = 0.0060) versus localized and controls (area under the curve = 0.68). CONCLUSION Urinary aHGF and IGFBP3 exhibit the capacity for diagnostic discrimination for PCa, whereas OPN may indicate presence of metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa J Prager
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Daniels-Wells TR, Helguera G, Leuchter RK, Quintero R, Kozman M, Rodríguez JA, Ortiz-Sánchez E, Martínez-Maza O, Schultes BC, Nicodemus CF, Penichet ML. A novel IgE antibody targeting the prostate-specific antigen as a potential prostate cancer therapy. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:195. [PMID: 23594731 PMCID: PMC3651304 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in men in the United States. The prostate-specific antigen (PSA), often found at high levels in the serum of PCa patients, has been used as a marker for PCa detection and as a target of immunotherapy. The murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody AR47.47, specific for human PSA, has been shown to enhance antigen presentation by human dendritic cells and induce both CD4 and CD8 T-cell activation when complexed with PSA. In this study, we explored the properties of a novel mouse/human chimeric anti-PSA IgE containing the variable regions of AR47.47 as a potential therapy for PCa. Our goal was to take advantage of the unique properties of IgE in order to trigger immune activation against PCa. METHODS Binding characteristics of the antibody were determined by ELISA and flow cytometry. In vitro degranulation was determined by the release of β-hexosaminidase from effector cells. In vivo degranulation was monitored in human FcεRIα transgenic mice using the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis assay. These mice were also used for a vaccination study to determine the in vivo anti-cancer effects of this antibody. Significant differences in survival were determined using the Log Rank test. In vitro T-cell activation was studied using human dendritic cells and autologous T cells. RESULTS The anti-PSA IgE, expressed in murine myeloma cells, is properly assembled and secreted, and binds the antigen and FcεRI. In addition, this antibody is capable of triggering effector cell degranulation in vitro and in vivo when artificially cross-linked, but not in the presence of the natural soluble antigen, suggesting that such an interaction will not trigger systemic anaphylaxis. Importantly, the anti-PSA IgE combined with PSA also triggers immune activation in vitro and in vivo and significantly prolongs the survival of human FcεRIα transgenic mice challenged with PSA-expressing tumors in a prophylactic vaccination setting. CONCLUSIONS The anti-PSA IgE exhibits the expected biological properties and is capable of triggering immune activation and anti-tumor protection. Further studies on this antibody as a potential PCa therapy are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy R Daniels-Wells
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gustavo Helguera
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Current Affiliation: School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Richard K Leuchter
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rafaela Quintero
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maggie Kozman
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - José A Rodríguez
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- The Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ortiz-Sánchez
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Current Affiliation: Unit of Biomedical Research in Cancer, Basic Research Division, National Institute of Cancerology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Otoniel Martínez-Maza
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Birgit C Schultes
- Advanced Immune Therapeutics, Inc, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Current Affiliation: Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Christopher F Nicodemus
- Advanced Immune Therapeutics, Inc, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Current Affiliation: AIT Strategies, Franconia, NH, USA
| | - Manuel L Penichet
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- The Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Bahn S, Schwarz E, Harris LW, Martins-de-Souza D, Rahmoune H, Guest PC. Testes sanguíneos de biomarcadores para diagnóstico e tratamento de desordens mentais: foco em esquizofrenia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0101-60832012005000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A descoberta e a aplicação clínica de biomarcadores para desordens mentais são confrontadas com muitos desafios. Em geral, os atuais métodos de descoberta e validação de biomarcadores não produziram os resultados que foram inicialmente aguardados depois da finalização do Projeto Genoma Humano. Isso se deve principalmente à falta de processos padronizados conectando a descoberta de marcadores com tecnologias para a validação e a tradução para uma plataforma que ofereça precisão e fácil uso em clínica. Como consequência, a maior parte dos psiquiatras e praticantes em geral são relutantes em aceitar que testes de biomarcadores pode suplementar ou substituir os métodos de diagnóstico utilizados baseados em entrevista. Apesar disso, agências regulatórias concordam agora que melhoras nos correntes métodos são essenciais. Além disso, essas agências estipularam que biomarcadores são importantes para o desenvolvimento de futuras drogas e iniciaram esforços no sentido de modernizar métodos e técnicas para suportar esses esforços. Aqui revisamos os desafios encontrados por essa tentativa do ponto de vista de psiquiatras, praticantes em geral, agências reguladoras e cientistas de biomarcadores. Também descrevemos o desenvolvimento de um novo teste sanguíneo molecular para esquizofrenia como um primeiro passo a esse objetivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Bahn
- Universidade de Cambridge; Centro Médico Erasmus, Holanda
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20
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Kruse V, Cocquyt V, Borms M, Maes A, Van de Wiele C. Serum tumor markers and PET/CT imaging for tumor recurrence detection. Ann Nucl Med 2012; 27:97-104. [DOI: 10.1007/s12149-012-0664-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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21
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Adomat HH, Bains OS, Lubieniecka JM, Gleave ME, Guns ES, Grigliatti TA, Reid RE, Riggs KW. Validation of a sequential extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method for determination of dihydrotestosterone, androstanediol and androstanediol-glucuronide in prostate tissues. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 902:84-95. [PMID: 22818945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Androgens are key mediators of prostate development and function, a role that extends to the development of prostate diseases such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer. In prostate, DHT is the major androgen and reduction and glucuronidation are the major metabolic pathways for DHT elimination. A streamlined method for quantitation of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), 5α-androstan-3α,17β-diol (3α-diol), and 3α-diol glucuronide (diol-gluc) was established and validated for use with archived prostate tissue specimens to facilitate examination of the roles of the underlying metabolism. This involved a sequential 70/30 hexane/ethyl acetate (hex/EtOAc) extraction of steroids, followed by an ethyl acetate extraction for diol-gluc. Derivatization of the hex/EtOAc fraction with2-fluoro-1-methylpyridinium p-toluene-4-sulfonate (FMP) was used to enhance sensitivity for hydroxyl steroids and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was utilized for analysis of both fractions. The method was validated with calibration standards followed by recovery assessment from spiked samples of BPH and normal prostate. Lower limits of quantitation (LLOQ) were 50 pg/g, 20 pg/g and 100 pg/g for DHT, 3α-diol and diol-gluc, respectively for extracts from 50mg equivalents of tissue. Prepared samples were stable for up to three weeks at 4 °C and 37 °C. The method provides excellent sensitivity and selectivity for determination of tissue levels of DHT, 3α-diol, and diol-gluc. Furthermore, this protocol can easily be extended to other hydroxyl steroids, is relatively straightforward to perform and is an effective tool for assessing steroid levels in archived clinical prostate samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans H Adomat
- The Prostate Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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22
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Blomberg M, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Andersen KK, Kjaer SK. Thyroid cancer in Denmark 1943-2008, before and after iodine supplementation. Int J Cancer 2012; 131:2360-6. [PMID: 22337133 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer incidence has increased worldwide during the previous decades. In this nationwide study, we aimed to identify the overall incidence of thyroid cancer in Denmark during 66 years (1943-2008) and incidences of the four main histological types of thyroid cancer from 1978 to 2008. Data were obtained from the nationwide Danish Cancer Registry, and we focused especially on the period after implementation of compulsory iodine supplementation, which was established on a national level in 2000. We calculated age-standardized incidence rates per 100,000 person-years, and age-period-cohort models were fitted to describe trends in incidence. To quantify trends in incidence over time, log-linear Poisson models were used to estimate annual percentage change. From 1943 to 2008, 1,947 men (29%) and 4,682 women (71%) were diagnosed with thyroid cancer. The age-standardized incidence increased in both sexes; in men from 0.41 to 1.57 per 100,000 and from 0.90 to 4.11 per 100,000 in women, corresponding to a significant average annual percentage change of 1.7 and 1.8%, respectively. The incidence increased with younger birth cohorts. The rise was almost exclusively caused by papillary carcinomas, and it was particularly present during the last decades of the study period. It cannot be ruled out that iodine supplementation may play a role for the risk of thyroid cancer, but as the strongest increase in incidence began in the years before the implementation, it is likely that improvement in diagnostic modalities increased diagnostic activity, and/or new unknown risk factors are also important contributors to the increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Blomberg
- Department of Viruses, Hormones and Cancer, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
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PSA affects prostate cancer cell invasion in vitro and induces an osteoblastic phenotype in bone in vivo. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2011; 14:286-94. [PMID: 21826098 DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2011.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with advanced prostate cancer frequently have a poor prognosis as a result of metastasis and present with high serum PSA levels. There is evidence suggesting that the serine protease activity of PSA could be involved in the invasion and metastasis of prostate cancer. In this study, we determined the effects of PSA and its precursor, pro-PSA, on invasion and the type of bone metastasis. METHODS We stably transfected prostate adenocarcinoma cells, human DU-145 and rat MatLyLu, with either the full-length prepro-PSA sequence or pre-PSA DNA, to generate subclones of cells that secrete pro-PSA or free PSA, respectively. Secretion of PSA was measured by western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The invasive and migratory properties of the cells were determined using a basement membrane extract and were compared with corresponding empty vector control cells. Twelve days after injection of PSA-secreting MatLyLu cells into the femora of nude mice, bone tumor burden and histomorphometry were determined using a stereological technique. RESULTS The transfected cells secreted 0.15-2.23 ng PSA/10(6) cells/day. Pro-PSA-secreting subclones increased invasion and migration by 24-263%. Conversely, the PSA-secreting subclones significantly reduced both invasion and migration by 59-70%. The divergent effects on invasion and migration observed in pro-PSA- and PSA-secreting subclones indicate that different forms of PSA may have different functions. Intrafemoral injections with PSA-secreting MatLyLu cells resulted in an increase in osteoblastic parameters when compared with non-PSA-secreting subclones as measured by bone histomorphometry. Concomitantly, a decrease in osteoclasts and eroded surface was observed. CONCLUSIONS Our in vitro data suggest that PSA, dependent on the predominant form secreted, may decrease or increase invasive properties of prostate cancer cells. The in vivo results indicate that PSA in the bone microenvironment may contribute to the osteoblastic phenotype of bone metastasis frequently observed in prostate cancer.
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24
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Borre M, Erichsen R, Lund L, Larsen EH, Nørgaard M, Jacobsen JB. Survival of prostate cancer patients in central and northern Denmark, 1998-2009. Clin Epidemiol 2011; 3 Suppl 1:41-6. [PMID: 21814469 PMCID: PMC3144777 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s20625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prostate cancer is the most common noncutaneous cancer among Danish men. During the last decade, use of prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing has increased, and in clinically localized prostate cancer, curative intended treatment has gained a footing. Our aim was to examine possible changes in the short- and long-term survival of patients with prostate cancer during 1998-2009. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING From two Danish regions (population, 1.8 million) we included all patients (N = 10,547) with an incident diagnosis of prostate cancer retrieved from the Danish National Registry of Patients. We determined survival after 1, 3, and 5 years, stratified by age, and estimated mortality rate ratios (MRRs) using Cox proportional hazard regression to assess changes over time, controlling for age. RESULTS During the study period, the annual number of incident prostate cancer patients more than doubled, and the median age at diagnosis decreased from 74 to 70 years. The survival improved over the study period, particularly in the last half of the period (2004-2009). Thus, 1-year survival increased from 80% (1998-2000) to 90% (2007-2009), corresponding to an age-adjusted MRR of 0.54 (95% confidence interval CI: 0.46-0.63). The expected increase in 3- and 5-year survival was even more pronounced: 47%-73% and 34%-60%, respectively. This corresponded to a 3-year age-adjusted MRR of 0.46 (95% CI: 0.42-0.51) and a 5-year MRR of 0.50 (95% CI: 0.46-0.54). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival increased in all age groups (<70 years, 70-79 years, ≥80 years). CONCLUSION Survival after prostate cancer has improved in Denmark within the last decade. Although diagnosis and treatment improvements could explain this, length and lead time bias are likely to have influenced our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Borre
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
- Department of Urology, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
| | - Rune Erichsen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Lars Lund
- Department of Urology, Region Hospital Viborg, Denmark
| | | | - Mette Nørgaard
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
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25
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Bahn S, Noll R, Barnes A, Schwarz E, Guest PC. Challenges of introducing new biomarker products for neuropsychiatric disorders into the market. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2011; 101:299-327. [PMID: 22050857 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-387718-5.00012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
There are many challenges associated with the discovery and development of serum-based biomarkers for psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. Here, we review these challenges from the point of view of psychiatrists, general practitioners, the regulatory agencies, and biomarker scientists. There is a general opinion in psychiatric medicine that improvements over the current subjective tests are essential. Despite this, there is a reluctance to accept that peripheral molecules can do the job any better. In addition, psychiatrists find it difficult to accept that peripheral molecules, such as those found in blood, can reflect what is happening in the brain. However, the regulatory health authorities now consider biomarkers as important for the future of drug development and have called for efforts to modernize methods, tools, and techniques for the purpose of developing more efficient and safer drugs. We also describe here the development of the first ever molecular blood test for schizophrenia, and its reception in the market place, as a case in point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Bahn
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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