1
|
Knoke LR, Leichert LI. Global approaches for protein thiol redox state detection. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2023; 77:102390. [PMID: 37797572 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to its nucleophilicity, the thiol group of cysteine is chemically very versatile. Hence, cysteine often has important functions in a protein, be it as the active site or, in extracellular proteins, as part of a structural disulfide. Within the cytosol, cysteines are typically reduced. But the nucleophilicity of its thiol group makes it also particularly prone to post-translational oxidative modifications. These modifications often lead to an alteration of the function of the affected protein and are reversible in vivo, e.g. by the thioredoxin and glutaredoxin system. The in vivo-reversible nature of these modifications and their genesis in the presence of localized high oxidant levels led to the paradigm of thiol-based redox regulation, the adaptation, and modulation of the cellular metabolism in response to oxidative stimuli by thiol oxidation in regulative proteins. Consequently, the proteomic study of these oxidative posttranslational modifications of cysteine plays an indispensable role in redox biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa R Knoke
- Ruhr University Bochum, Institute of Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Microbial Biochemistry, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Lars I Leichert
- Ruhr University Bochum, Institute of Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Microbial Biochemistry, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Anh NH, Min YJ, Thi My Nhung T, Long NP, Han S, Kim SJ, Jung CW, Yoon YC, Kang YP, Park SK, Kwon SW. Unveiling potentially convergent key events related to adverse outcome pathways induced by silver nanoparticles via cross-species omics-scale analysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132208. [PMID: 37544172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The adverse effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been studied in various models. However, there has been discordance between molecular responses across the literature, attributed to methodological biases and the physicochemical variability of AgNPs. In this study, a gene pathway meta-analysis was conducted to identify convergent and divergent key events (KEs) associated with AgNPs and explore common patterns of these KEs across species. We performed a cross-species analysis of transcriptomic data from multiple studies involving various AgNPs exposure. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed a set of pathways linked to oxidative stress, apoptosis, and metabolite and lipid metabolism, which are considered potentially conserved KEs across species. Subsequently, experiments confirmed that oxidative stress responses could be early KEs in both Caenorhabditis elegans and HepG2 cells. Moreover, AgNPs preferentially impaired the mitochondria, as evidenced by mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunction. Furthermore, disruption of amino acids, nucleotides, sulfur compounds, glycerolipids, and glycerophospholipids metabolism were in good agreement with gene pathway shreds of evidence. Our findings imply that, although there may be organism-specific responses, potentially conserved events could exist regardless of species and physicochemical factors. These results provide valuable insights into the development of adverse outcome pathways of AgNPs across species and the regulatory toxicity of AgNPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Hoang Anh
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Min
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea
| | - Truong Thi My Nhung
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, the Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Phuoc Long
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, the Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyeon Han
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, the Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Woon Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea
| | - Young Cheol Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Pyo Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ki Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, the Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea; Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li X, Gluth A, Zhang T, Qian WJ. Thiol redox proteomics: Characterization of thiol-based post-translational modifications. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2200194. [PMID: 37248656 PMCID: PMC10764013 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Redox post-translational modifications on cysteine thiols (redox PTMs) have profound effects on protein structure and function, thus enabling regulation of various biological processes. Redox proteomics approaches aim to characterize the landscape of redox PTMs at the systems level. These approaches facilitate studies of condition-specific, dynamic processes implicating redox PTMs and have furthered our understanding of redox signaling and regulation. Mass spectrometry (MS) is a powerful tool for such analyses which has been demonstrated by significant advances in redox proteomics during the last decade. A group of well-established approaches involves the initial blocking of free thiols followed by selective reduction of oxidized PTMs and subsequent enrichment for downstream detection. Alternatively, novel chemoselective probe-based approaches have been developed for various redox PTMs. Direct detection of redox PTMs without any enrichment has also been demonstrated given the sensitivity of contemporary MS instruments. This review discusses the general principles behind different analytical strategies and covers recent advances in redox proteomics. Several applications of redox proteomics are also highlighted to illustrate how large-scale redox proteomics data can lead to novel biological insights.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Li
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
| | - Austin Gluth
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354
| | - Tong Zhang
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wong TY, Yan N, Kwan KKL, Pan Y, Liu J, Xiao Y, Wu L, Lam H. Comparative proteomic analysis reveals the different hepatotoxic mechanisms of human hepatocytes exposed to silver nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130599. [PMID: 37055998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which have been used extensively in consuming products and eventually released into the natural environment, have aroused concerns recently because of their potentially harmful effects on human beings following various routes of exposure. As the liver is one of the largest accumulation and deposition sites of circulatory AgNPs, it is important to evaluate the hepatotoxicity induced by AgNPs. However, the acting mechanisms of AgNPs-induced hepatotoxicity are still elusive to a great extent. Herein, we investigated the hepatotoxic effects of AgNPs using a comparative proteomics approach. First, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of different-sized AgNPs and found that the cancerous liver cells were generally more sensitive than the normal liver cells. Next, proteomics results suggested that HepG2 and L02 cells showed distinct adaptive responses upon AgNPs exposure. HepG2 cells respond to stresses by adapting energy metabolism, upregulating metallothionein expression and increasing the expression of antioxidants, while L02 cells protect themselves by increasing DNA repair and macro-autophagy. Besides, mitochondrial ROS has been identified as one of the causes of AgNPs-induced hepatotoxicity. Collectively, our results revealed that hepatic cancer cells and normal cells cope with AgNPs in notably different pathways, providing new insights into mechanisms underlying AgNPs-induced hepatotoxicity. DATA AVAILABILITY: The mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium (Deutsch et al. (2020)) via the PRIDE (Perez-Riverol et al. (2019)) partner repository with the dataset identifier PXD029511.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tin Yan Wong
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Neng Yan
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074, Wuhan, China.
| | | | - Yanrong Pan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Long Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Henry Lam
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mundekkad D, Cho WC. Mitophagy Induced by Metal Nanoparticles for Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112275. [PMID: 36365094 PMCID: PMC9699542 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on nanoparticles, especially metal nanoparticles, in cancer therapy is gaining momentum. The versatility and biocompatibility of metal nanoparticles make them ideal for various applications in cancer therapy. They can bring about apoptotic cell death in cancer cells. In addition to apoptosis, nanoparticles mediate a special type of autophagy facilitated through mitochondria called mitophagy. Interestingly, nanoparticles with antioxidant properties are capable of inducing mitophagy by altering the levels of reactive oxygen species and by influencing signaling pathways like PINK/Parkin pathway and P13K/Akt/mTOR pathway. The current review presents various roles of metal nanoparticles in inducing mitophagy in cancer cells. We envision this review sheds some light on the blind spots in the research related to mitophagy induced by nanoparticles for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Mundekkad
- Centre for NanoBioTechnology (CNBT), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Correspondence: or
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Géczi Z, Róth I, Kőhidai Z, Kőhidai L, Mukaddam K, Hermann P, Végh D, Zelles T. The use of Trojan-horse drug delivery system in managing periodontitis. Int Dent J 2022; 73:346-353. [PMID: 36175203 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to evaluate the possibility of delivering a silver-acid complex via a Trojan-horse mechanism for managing periodontits. We theroised that the complex could be an effective treatment option for bacterial inflammatory processes in the oral cavity. Searches were conducted using MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar search engines. We also reviewed several reference lists of the included studies or relevant reviews identified by the search. By using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terminology, a comprehensive search was performed for the following keywords: silver, folic acid, periodontitis, macrophages, Trojan-horse mechanism, toxicity, and targeting. Using the keywords mentioned earlier, we selected 110 articles and after appropriate elimination the review was written based on 37 papers. Accordingly the we noted that silver isons were an effective approach to kill oral pathogens. Secondly the Trojan-horse mechanism. could be used by macrophages (as the Trojan horse) to deliver silver ions in large quantities to the inflammatory focus to kill the periodontopathogens. The Trojan-horse mechanism has never been described in the field of dentistry before. The proposed novel approach using the principle of Trojan Horse delivery of drugs/chemicals could be used to manage oral inflammatory conditions. This method can be used to supplement regular treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Géczi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University,Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Ivett Róth
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University,Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Kőhidai
- Department of Oral Diagnostics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Kőhidai
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Khaled Mukaddam
- Department of Oral Surgery, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Péter Hermann
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University,Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Végh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University,Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tivadar Zelles
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lung Models to Evaluate Silver Nanoparticles’ Toxicity and Their Impact on Human Health. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132316. [PMID: 35808152 PMCID: PMC9268743 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs) solve specific problems with remarkable results in several industrial and scientific areas. Among NMs, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been extensively employed as drug carriers, medical diagnostics, energy harvesting devices, sensors, lubricants, and bioremediation. Notably, they have shown excellent antimicrobial, anticancer, and antiviral properties in the biomedical field. The literature analysis shows a selective cytotoxic effect on cancer cells compared to healthy cells, making its potential application in cancer treatment evident, increasing the need to study the potential risk of their use to environmental and human health. A large battery of toxicity models, both in vitro and in vivo, have been established to predict the harmful effects of incorporating AgNPs in these numerous areas or those produced due to involuntary exposure. However, these models often report contradictory results due to their lack of standardization, generating controversy and slowing the advances in nanotoxicology research, fundamentally by generalizing the biological response produced by the AgNP formulations. This review summarizes the last ten years’ reports concerning AgNPs’ toxicity in cellular respiratory system models (e.g., mono-culture models, co-cultures, 3D cultures, ex vivo and in vivo). In turn, more complex cellular models represent in a better way the physical and chemical barriers of the body; however, results should be used carefully so as not to be misleading. The main objective of this work is to highlight current models with the highest physiological relevance, identifying the opportunity areas of lung nanotoxicology and contributing to the establishment and strengthening of specific regulations regarding health and the environment.
Collapse
|
8
|
Silver Nanoparticles Selectively Treat Neurofibromatosis Type 1-Associated Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors in a Neurofibromin-Dependent Manner. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12071080. [PMID: 35887576 PMCID: PMC9321475 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12071080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is among the most common neurogenic disorders, characterized by loss of function mutations in the neurofibromin gene (NF1). NF1 patients are extremely susceptible to developing neurofibromas, which can transform into deadly malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). At the center of these tumors are NF1-null Schwann cells. Here, we found that nanomedicine shows promise in the treatment of NF1-associated MPNSTs. We assessed the cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in NF1-null NF1-associated MPNSTs, NF1-wildtype sporadic MPNST, and normal Schwann cells. Our data show that AgNP are selectivity cytotoxic to NF1-associated MPNSTs relative to sporadic MPNST and Schwann cells. Furthermore, we found that sensitivity to AgNPs is correlated with the expression levels of functional neurofibromin. The restoration of functional neurofibromin in NF1-associated MPNSTs reduces AgNP sensitivity, and the knockdown of neurofibromin in Schwann cells increases AgNP sensitivity. This finding is unique to AgNPs, as NF1 restoration does not alter sensitivity to standard of care chemotherapy doxorubicin in NF1-associated MPNSTs. Using an in vitro model system, we then found that AgNP can selectively eradicate NF1-associated MPNSTs in co-culture with Schwann cells at doses tolerable to normal cells. AgNP represents a novel therapy for the treatment of NF1-associated MPNSTs and addresses significant unmet clinical need.
Collapse
|
9
|
Miranda RR, Oliveira ACS, Skytte L, Rasmussen KL, Kjeldsen F. Proteome-wide analysis reveals molecular pathways affected by AgNP in a ROS-dependent manner. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:73-87. [PMID: 35138974 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2036844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The use of mass spectrometry-based proteomics has been increasingly applied in nanomaterials risk assessments as it provides a proteome-wide overview of the molecular disturbances induced by its exposure. Here, we used this technique to gain detailed molecular insights into the role of ROS as an effector of AgNP toxicity, by incubating Bend3 cells with AgNP in the absence or presence of an antioxidant N-acetyl L-cystein (NAC). ROS generation is a key player in AgNP-induced toxicity, as cellular homeostasis was kept in the presence of NAC. By integrating MS/MS data with bioinformatics tools, in the absence of NAC, we were able to pinpoint precisely which biological pathways were affected by AgNP. Cells respond to AgNP-induced ROS generation by increasing their antioxidant pool, via NRF2 pathway activation. Additionally, cell proliferation-related pathways were strongly inhibited in a ROS-dependent manner. These findings reveal important aspects of the AgNP mechanism of action at the protein level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Rank Miranda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Lilian Skytte
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kaare Lund Rasmussen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Frank Kjeldsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rohde MM, Snyder CM, Sloop J, Solst SR, Donati GL, Spitz DR, Furdui CM, Singh R. The mechanism of cell death induced by silver nanoparticles is distinct from silver cations. Part Fibre Toxicol 2021; 18:37. [PMID: 34649580 PMCID: PMC8515661 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-021-00430-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Precisely how silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) kill mammalian cells still is not fully understood. It is not clear if AgNP-induced damage differs from silver cation (Ag+), nor is it known how AgNP damage is transmitted from cell membranes, including endosomes, to other organelles. Cells can differ in relative sensitivity to AgNPs or Ag+, which adds another layer of complexity to identifying specific mechanisms of action. Therefore, we determined if there were specific effects of AgNPs that differed from Ag+ in cells with high or low sensitivity to either toxicant. Methods Cells were exposed to intact AgNPs, Ag+, or defined mixtures of AgNPs with Ag+, and viability was assessed. The level of dissolved Ag+ in AgNP suspensions was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Changes in reactive oxygen species following AgNP or Ag+ exposure were quantified, and treatment with catalase, an enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of H2O2 to water and oxygen, was used to determine selectively the contribution of H2O2 to AgNP and Ag+ induced cell death. Lipid peroxides, formation of 4-hydroxynonenol protein adducts, protein thiol oxidation, protein aggregation, and activation of the integrated stress response after AgNP or Ag+ exposure were quantified. Lastly, cell membrane integrity and indications of apoptosis or necrosis in AgNP and Ag+ treated cells were examined by flow cytometry. Results We identified AgNPs with negligible Ag+ contamination. We found that SUM159 cells, which are a triple-negative breast cancer cell line, were more sensitive to AgNP exposure less sensitive to Ag+ compared to iMECs, an immortalized, breast epithelial cell line. This indicates that high sensitivity to AgNPs was not predictive of similar sensitivity to Ag+. Exposure to AgNPs increased protein thiol oxidation, misfolded proteins, and activation of the integrated stress response in AgNP sensitive SUM159 cells but not in iMEC cells. In contrast, Ag+ cause similar damage in Ag+ sensitive iMEC cells but not in SUM159 cells. Both Ag+ and AgNP exposure increased H2O2 levels; however, treatment with catalase rescued cells from Ag+ cytotoxicity but not from AgNPs. Instead, our data support a mechanism by which damage from AgNP exposure propagates through cells by generation of lipid peroxides, subsequent lipid peroxide mediated oxidation of proteins, and via generation of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) protein adducts. Conclusions There are distinct differences in the responses of cells to AgNPs and Ag+. Specifically, AgNPs drive cell death through lipid peroxidation leading to proteotoxicity and necrotic cell death, whereas Ag+ increases H2O2, which drives oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death. This work identifies a previously unknown mechanism by which AgNPs kill mammalian cells that is not dependent upon the contribution of Ag+ released in extracellular media. Understanding precisely which factors drive the toxicity of AgNPs is essential for biomedical applications such as cancer therapy, and of importance to identifying consequences of unintended exposures. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12989-021-00430-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica M Rohde
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Christina M Snyder
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - John Sloop
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Shane R Solst
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - George L Donati
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Douglas R Spitz
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Cristina M Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Ravi Singh
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Low Doses of Silver Nanoparticles Selectively Induce Lipid Peroxidation and Proteotoxic Stress in Mesenchymal Subtypes of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164217. [PMID: 34439373 PMCID: PMC8393662 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular profiling of tumors shows that triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) can be stratified into mesenchymal (claudin-low breast cancer; CLBC) and epithelial subtypes (basal-like breast cancer; BLBC). Subtypes differ in underlying genetics and in response to therapeutics. Several reports indicate that therapeutic strategies that induce lipid peroxidation or proteotoxicity may be particularly effective for various cancers with a mesenchymal phenotype such as CLBC, for which no specific treatment regimens exist and outcomes are poor. We hypothesized that silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can induce proteotoxic stress and cause lipid peroxidation to a greater extent in CLBC than in BLBC. We found that AgNPs were lethal to CLBCs at doses that had little effect on BLBCs and were non-toxic to normal breast epithelial cells. Analysis of mRNA profiles indicated that sensitivity to AgNPs correlated with expression of multiple CLBC-associated genes. There was no correlation between sensitivity to AgNPs and sensitivity to silver cations, uptake of AgNPs, or proliferation rate, indicating that there are other molecular factors driving sensitivity to AgNPs. Mechanistically, we found that the differences in sensitivity of CLBC and BLBC cells to AgNPs were driven by peroxidation of lipids, protein oxidation and aggregation, and subsequent proteotoxic stress and apoptotic signaling, which were induced in AgNP-treated CLBC cells, but not in BLBC cells. This study shows AgNPs are a specific treatment for CLBC and indicates that stratification of TNBC subtypes may lead to improved outcomes for other therapeutics with similar mechanisms of action.
Collapse
|