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Amiri Roudbar M, Rosengren MK, Mousavi SF, Fegraeus K, Naboulsi R, Meadows JRS, Lindgren G. Effect of an endothelial regulatory module on plasma proteomics in exercising horses. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 52:101265. [PMID: 38906044 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Elite performing exercise requires an intricate modulation of the blood pressure to support the working muscles with oxygen. We have previously identified a genomic regulatory module that associates with differences in blood pressures of importance for elite performance in racehorses. This study aimed to determine the effect of the regulatory module on the protein repertoire. We sampled plasma from 12 Coldblooded trotters divided into two endothelial regulatory module haplotype groups, a sub-elite performing haplotype (SPH) and an elite performing haplotype (EPH), each at rest and exercise. The haplotype groups and their interaction were interrogated in two analyses, i) individual paired ratio analysis for identifying differentially abundant proteins of exercise (DAPE) and interaction (DAPI) between haplotype and exercise, and ii) unpaired ratio analysis for identifying differentially abundant protein of haplotype (DAPH). The proteomics analyses revealed a widespread change in plasma protein content during exercise, with a decreased tendency in protein abundance that is mainly related to lung function, tissue fluids, metabolism, calcium ion pathway and cellular energy metabolism. Furthermore, we provide the first investigation of the proteome variation due to the interaction between exercise and related blood pressure haplotypes, which this difference was related to a faster switch to the lipoprotein and lipid metabolism during exercise for EPH. The molecular signatures identified in the present study contribute to an improved understanding of exercise-related blood pressure regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Amiri Roudbar
- Department of Animal Science, Safiabad-Dezful Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Dezful 333, Iran.
| | - Maria K Rosengren
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Seyedeh Fatemeh Mousavi
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Kim Fegraeus
- Department of Medical Sciences, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden.
| | - Rakan Naboulsi
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Tomtebodavägen 18A, Stockholm 17177, Sweden.
| | - Jennifer R S Meadows
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75132 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Gabriella Lindgren
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden; Center for Animal Breeding and Genetics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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2
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Walzik D, Wences Chirino TY, Zimmer P, Joisten N. Molecular insights of exercise therapy in disease prevention and treatment. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:138. [PMID: 38806473 PMCID: PMC11133400 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01841-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite substantial evidence emphasizing the pleiotropic benefits of exercise for the prevention and treatment of various diseases, the underlying biological mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Several exercise benefits have been attributed to signaling molecules that are released in response to exercise by different tissues such as skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, adipose, and liver tissue. These signaling molecules, which are collectively termed exerkines, form a heterogenous group of bioactive substances, mediating inter-organ crosstalk as well as structural and functional tissue adaption. Numerous scientific endeavors have focused on identifying and characterizing new biological mediators with such properties. Additionally, some investigations have focused on the molecular targets of exerkines and the cellular signaling cascades that trigger adaption processes. A detailed understanding of the tissue-specific downstream effects of exerkines is crucial to harness the health-related benefits mediated by exercise and improve targeted exercise programs in health and disease. Herein, we review the current in vivo evidence on exerkine-induced signal transduction across multiple target tissues and highlight the preventive and therapeutic value of exerkine signaling in various diseases. By emphasizing different aspects of exerkine research, we provide a comprehensive overview of (i) the molecular underpinnings of exerkine secretion, (ii) the receptor-dependent and receptor-independent signaling cascades mediating tissue adaption, and (iii) the clinical implications of these mechanisms in disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Walzik
- Division of Performance and Health (Sports Medicine), Institute for Sport and Sport Science, TU Dortmund University, 44227, Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Tiffany Y Wences Chirino
- Division of Performance and Health (Sports Medicine), Institute for Sport and Sport Science, TU Dortmund University, 44227, Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Philipp Zimmer
- Division of Performance and Health (Sports Medicine), Institute for Sport and Sport Science, TU Dortmund University, 44227, Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
| | - Niklas Joisten
- Division of Performance and Health (Sports Medicine), Institute for Sport and Sport Science, TU Dortmund University, 44227, Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
- Division of Exercise and Movement Science, Institute for Sport Science, University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany.
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Li X, Liu C, Li W, Dai Y, Gu C, Zhou W, Ciliberto VC, Liang J, Udhaya KS, Guan D, Hu Z, Zheng H, Chen H, Liu Z, Wan YW, Sun Z. Multi-omics delineate growth factor network underlying exercise effects in an Alzheimer's mouse model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.02.592289. [PMID: 38746443 PMCID: PMC11092636 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.02.592289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Physical exercise represents a primary defense against age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD). To impartially investigate the underlying mechanisms, we conducted single-nucleus transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility analyses (snRNA-seq and ATAC-seq) on the hippocampus of mice carrying AD-linked NL-G-F mutations in the amyloid precursor protein gene (APPNL-G-F) following prolonged voluntary wheel-running exercise. Our study reveals that exercise mitigates amyloid-induced changes in both transcriptomic expression and chromatin accessibility through cell type-specific transcriptional regulatory networks. These networks converge on the activation of growth factor signaling pathways, particularly the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and insulin signaling, correlating with an increased proportion of immature dentate granule cells and oligodendrocytes. Notably, the beneficial effects of exercise on neurocognitive functions can be blocked by pharmacological inhibition of EGFR and the downstream phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K). Furthermore, exercise leads to elevated levels of heparin-binding EGF (HB-EGF) in the blood, and intranasal administration of HB-EGF enhances memory function in sedentary APPNL-G-F mice. These findings offer a panoramic delineation of cell type-specific hippocampal transcriptional networks activated by exercise and suggest EGF-related growth factor signaling as a druggable contributor to exercise-induced memory enhancement, thereby suggesting therapeutic avenues for combatting AD-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Medicine – Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Chaozhong Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Wenbo Li
- Department of Medicine – Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yanwan Dai
- Department of Pediatrics, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Chaohao Gu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Department of Medicine – Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Veronica C. Ciliberto
- Department of Medicine – Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Medicine – Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kumar. S Udhaya
- Department of Medicine – Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Dongyin Guan
- Department of Medicine – Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Zhaoyong Hu
- Department of Medicine – Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Hui Zheng
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Hu Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Zhandong Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Ying-Wooi Wan
- Department of Pediatrics, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Zheng Sun
- Department of Medicine – Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas77030, USA
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Dohm-Hansen S, English JA, Lavelle A, Fitzsimons CP, Lucassen PJ, Nolan YM. The 'middle-aging' brain. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:259-272. [PMID: 38508906 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Middle age has historically been an understudied period of life compared to older age, when cognitive and brain health decline are most pronounced, but the scope for intervention may be limited. However, recent research suggests that middle age could mark a shift in brain aging. We review emerging evidence on multiple levels of analysis indicating that midlife is a period defined by unique central and peripheral processes that shape future cognitive trajectories and brain health. Informed by recent developments in aging research and lifespan studies in humans and animal models, we highlight the utility of modeling non-linear changes in study samples with wide subject age ranges to distinguish life stage-specific processes from those acting linearly throughout the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Dohm-Hansen
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jane A English
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aonghus Lavelle
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Carlos P Fitzsimons
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Brain Plasticity Group, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J Lucassen
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Brain Plasticity Group, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne M Nolan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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Jin L, Diaz-Canestro C, Wang Y, Tse MA, Xu A. Exerkines and cardiometabolic benefits of exercise: from bench to clinic. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:432-444. [PMID: 38321233 PMCID: PMC10940599 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00027-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Regular exercise has both immediate and long-lasting benefits on cardiometabolic health, and has been recommended as a cornerstone of treatment in the management of diabetes and cardiovascular conditions. Exerkines, which are defined as humoral factors responsive to acute or chronic exercise, have emerged as important players conferring some of the multiple cardiometabolic benefits of exercise. Over the past decades, hundreds of exerkines released from skeletal muscle, heart, liver, adipose tissue, brain, and gut have been identified, and several exerkines (such as FGF21, IL-6, and adiponectin) have been exploited therapeutically as exercise mimetics for the treatment of various metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Recent advances in metagenomics have led to the identification of gut microbiota, a so-called "hidden" metabolic organ, as an additional class of exerkines determining the efficacy of exercise in diabetes prevention, cardiac protection, and exercise performance. Furthermore, multiomics-based studies have shown the feasibility of using baseline exerkine signatures to predict individual responses to exercise with respect to metabolic and cardiorespiratory health. This review aims to explore the molecular pathways whereby exerkine networks mediate the cardiometabolic adaptations to exercise by fine-tuning inter-organ crosstalk, and discuss the roadmaps for translating exerkine-based discovery into the therapeutic application and personalized medicine in the management of the cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Candela Diaz-Canestro
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael Andrew Tse
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Sports and Exercise, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Gillette MA, Jimenez CR, Carr SA. Clinical Proteomics: A Promise Becoming Reality. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024; 23:100688. [PMID: 38281326 PMCID: PMC10926064 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Gillette
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Connie R Jimenez
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Steven A Carr
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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