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Sánchez D, Marti S, Verdú M, González J, Font-i-Furnols M, Devant M. Characterization of Three Different Mediterranean Beef Fattening Systems: Performance, Behavior, and Carcass and Meat Quality. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12151960. [PMID: 35953949 PMCID: PMC9367371 DOI: 10.3390/ani12151960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Beef fattening systems present a large diversity according to the effect of the type (genetics and gender) of animals fattened, the nutrition programs, the housing conditions, and days on feed, resulting in different carcass traits and meat qualities. New beef fattening systems are arising in Mediterranean countries raising crossbred Angus bulls seeking new marketing opportunities. One of the strengths of the present study is that all animals of the three compared different production systems, two conventional (crossbred heifers, Holstein bulls) and one innovative (crossbred Angus bulls), were raised following their own commercial program (days on feed, nutrition) under the same housing, care, and weather conditions. Furthermore, the carcass and meat quality parameters were analyzed by using a common methodology. With this experimental design, potential factors like the housing conditions or the methodology used to analyze carcass and meat quality (aging time, cooling temperatures, lab equipment) did not interfere in data interpretation. The results indicated that fattening crossbred Angus bulls is suitable in an intensive fattening program but technical data (performance, meat quality or consumer preferences) do not support it as a better alternative to the current Holstein bull production. Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize three different commercial dairy beef fattening systems for intensive Mediterranean fattening programs differing in gender, breed, nutrition, and days of feed in order to describe their performance, behavior, and carcass and meat quality when they were raised simultaneously under the same housing and care conditions. Treatments were three different production systems: (1) crossbred Holstein x beef breeds such as Charolais or Limousine heifers, slaughtered at 10 months of age (CBH10, n = 41); (2) Holstein bulls, slaughtered at 11 months of age (HB11, n = 42); and (3) crossbred Holstein x Angus bulls, slaughtered at 12 months of age (CAB12, n = 37). According to our results, moving from a production system based on Holstein bulls to the crossbred Angus production system has no technical support as no large production and meat quality improvements were observed, and only marketing strategies for meat differentiation and consumer trends could favor this decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Sánchez
- IRTA, Ruminant Production, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Spain;
| | - Sònia Marti
- IRTA, Ruminant Production, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Spain;
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (M.D.); Tel.: +34-93-467-40-40 (M.D.)
| | - Marçal Verdú
- Animal Nutrition and Feed Industry, bonÀrea Agrupa, 25210 Guissona, Spain;
| | - Joel González
- IRTA, Food Quality and Technology Program, Finca Camps i Armet, 17121 Monells, Spain; (J.G.); (M.F.-i.-F.)
| | - Maria Font-i-Furnols
- IRTA, Food Quality and Technology Program, Finca Camps i Armet, 17121 Monells, Spain; (J.G.); (M.F.-i.-F.)
| | - Maria Devant
- IRTA, Ruminant Production, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Spain;
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (M.D.); Tel.: +34-93-467-40-40 (M.D.)
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Wu P, Zhang L, Jiang W, Liu Y, Jiang J, Kuang S, Li S, Tang L, Tang W, Zhou X, Feng L. Dietary Vitamin A Improved the Flesh Quality of Grass Carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella) in Relation to the Enhanced Antioxidant Capacity through Nrf2/Keap 1a Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:148. [PMID: 35052652 PMCID: PMC8773310 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish is an important animal-source food for humans. However, the oxidative stress-induced by intensive aquaculture usually causes deterioration of fish meat quality. The nutritional way has been considered to be a useful method for improving fish flesh quality. This study using the same growth experiment as our previous study was conducted to investigate whether vitamin A could improve flesh quality by enhancing antioxidative ability via Nrf2/Keap1 signaling in fish muscle. Six diets with different levels of vitamin A were fed to grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) (262.02 ± 0.45 g) for 10 weeks. Dietary vitamin A significantly improved flesh sensory appeal and nutritional value, as evident by higher pH24h value, water-holding capacity, shear force, contents of protein, lipid, four indispensable amino acids (lysine, methionine, threonine, and arginine) and total polyunsaturated fatty acid in the muscle. Furthermore, dietary vitamin A reduced oxidative damage, as evident by decreased levels of muscle reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and protein carbonyl, enhanced activities of antioxidative enzyme (catalase, copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), MnSOD, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase), as well as increased content of glutathione, which was probably in relation to the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling. These findings demonstrated that dietary vitamin A improved flesh quality probably by enhancing antioxidant ability through Nrf2/Keap 1a signaling in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (P.W.); (L.Z.); (W.J.); (Y.L.)
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (P.W.); (L.Z.); (W.J.); (Y.L.)
| | - Weidan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (P.W.); (L.Z.); (W.J.); (Y.L.)
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (P.W.); (L.Z.); (W.J.); (Y.L.)
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Shengyao Kuang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China; (S.K.); (S.L.); (L.T.); (W.T.)
| | - Shuwei Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China; (S.K.); (S.L.); (L.T.); (W.T.)
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China; (S.K.); (S.L.); (L.T.); (W.T.)
| | - Wuneng Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China; (S.K.); (S.L.); (L.T.); (W.T.)
| | - Xiaoqiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (P.W.); (L.Z.); (W.J.); (Y.L.)
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (P.W.); (L.Z.); (W.J.); (Y.L.)
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Genís S, Verdú M, Cucurull J, Devant M. Complete feed versus concentrate and straw fed separately: Effect of feeding method on eating and sorting behavior, rumen acidosis, and digestibility in crossbred Angus bulls fed high-concentrate diets. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.114820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Performance, carcass and meat quality of young bulls, steers and heifers slaughtered at a common body weight. Livest Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2020.104156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Effect of feeding a low-vitamin A diet on carcass and production characteristics of steers with a high or low propensity for marbling. Animal 2020; 14:2308-2314. [PMID: 32517827 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731120001135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Our research group demonstrated that vitamin A restriction affected meat quality of Angus cross and Simmental steers. Therefore, the aim of this study is to highlight the genotype variations in response to dietary vitamin A levels. Commercial Angus and Simmental steers (n = 32 per breed; initial BW = 337.2 ± 5.9 kg; ~8 months of age) were fed a low-vitamin A (LVA) (1017 IU/kg DM) backgrounding diet for 95 days to reduce hepatic vitamin A stores. During finishing, steers were randomly assigned to treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of genotype × dietary vitamin A concentration. The LVA treatment was a finishing diet with no supplemental vitamin A (723 IU vitamin A/kg DM); the control (CON) was the LVA diet plus supplementation with 2200 IU vitamin A/kg DM. Blood samples were collected at three time points throughout the study to analyze serum retinol concentration. At the completion of finishing, steers were slaughtered at a commercial abattoir. Meat characteristics assessed were intramuscular fat concentration, color, Warner-Bratzler shear force, cook loss and pH. Camera image analysis was used for determination of marbling, 12th rib back fat and longissimus muscle area (LMA). The LVA steers had lower (P < 0.001) serum retinol concentration than CON steers. The LVA treatment resulted in greater (P = 0.03) average daily gain than the CON treatment, 1.52 and 1.44 ± 0.03 kg/day, respectively; however, there was no effect of treatment on final BW, DM intake or feed efficiency. Cooking loss and yield grade were greater and LMA was smaller in LVA steers (P < 0.05). There was an interaction between breed and treatment for marbling score (P = 0.01) and percentage of carcasses grading United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Prime (P = 0.02). For Angus steers, LVA treatment resulted in a 16% greater marbling score than CON (683 and 570 ± 40, respectively) and 27% of LVA Angus steers graded USDA Prime compared with 0% for CON. Conversely, there was no difference in marbling score or USDA Quality Grades between LVA and CON for Simmental steers. In conclusion, feeding a LVA diet during finishing increased marbling in Angus but not in Simmental steers. Reducing the vitamin A level of finishing diets fed to cattle with a high propensity to marble, such as Angus, has the potential to increase economically important traits such as marbling and quality grade without negatively impacting gain : feed or yield grade.
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Ghaheri H, Zamiri MJ, Ahmadi F. Short communication: dietary vitamin A restriction may improve meat quality parameters in fat-tailed lambs. Trop Anim Health Prod 2020; 52:2699-2705. [PMID: 31953692 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-020-02208-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Thirty fat-tailed Mehraban ram lambs were randomly allotted into three vitamin A (VA) dietary treatment groups: either 100 (VA100), 50 (VA50), or 25% (VA25) of the recommended daily vitamin A requirements. Treatment had no effect on feed intake, daily live weight gain, cold carcass weight, and dressing percentage. In M. longissimus lumborum (LL) of VA100 lambs, malondialdehyde level was greater, but ether-extractable intramuscular fat concentration was lower. The proportion of C16:0 and C20:0 fatty acids in total fatty acids of LL was lower in VA100 lambs, compared to VA50 and VA25 lambs. Conversely, greater proportions of C17:0, C17:1, C18:1, and C18:2 fatty acids were recorded in VA100 lambs. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity index (the ratios of C16:0 to C16:1 and C18:0 to C18:1) was not influenced by dietary vitamin A level. Future research is needed to determine the optimum level of dietary vitamin A concentration for deposition of greater intramuscular fat in fat-tailed sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Ghaheri
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71441-65186, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Javad Zamiri
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71441-65186, Iran
| | - Farhad Ahmadi
- Division of Food Biosciences, College of Medical Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, Chungbuk province, 380-701, Republic of Korea
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Silva LH, Assis DE, Estrada MM, Assis GJ, Zamudio GD, Carneiro GB, Valadares Filho SC, Paulino MF, Chizzotti ML. Carcass and meat quality traits of Nellore young bulls and steers throughout fattening. Livest Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Marti S, Jackson J, Slootmans N, Lopez E, Hodge A, Pérez-Juan M, Devant M, Amatayakul-Chantler S. Effects on performance and meat quality of Holstein bulls fed high concentrate diets without implants following immunological castration. Meat Sci 2017; 126:36-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Blanco M, Agabriel J, Picard B, Micol D, Jurie C, Bauchart D, García-Launay F. Modeling of intramuscular lipids in different muscles in bulls, steers, and cows. J Anim Sci 2015; 93:5073-82. [PMID: 26523599 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-9196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular fat depot is of major interest for consumers, producers, and the industry. To predict intramuscular (i.m.) lipid deposition in cattle of continental breeds, different models were constructed for different muscles in bulls, steers, and cows. Two independent databases (DB1 and DB2) were developed with homogeneous individual data collected in the same slaughterhouse and total lipids, phospholipids, and triglycerides were analyzed in the same lab with the same procedures. Database DB1 was used with the meta-analysis methodology to fit the predictive models of i.m. lipids, phospholipids, and triglycerides with carcass fatness. Database DB2 was used to evaluate the accuracy of the models predicted. Total lipid and triglyceride contents varied linearly with carcass fatness in bulls, steers, and cows, but phospholipids were more independent of carcass fatness, regardless of the type of cattle studied. In bulls, LM had a lower minimal value (intercept in the model) and greater slope than semitendinosus (ST) and triceps brachii (TB) muscles. In cows, LM showed a greater intercept than ST and TB muscles but a similar slope. In steers, lipid content increased similarly in LM, rectus abdominis (RA) muscle, and ST muscle with carcass fatness. Bulls had a lower intercept than steers but showed a similar trend with carcass fatness. According to the external evaluation using DB2, the models obtained to predict total lipids in LM were more accurate than those obtained in the ST muscle in bulls and cows and in the RA muscle in steers. The models proposed for cows should be used only in the range of carcass fatness used to fit the equations, and further data are needed to fully validate them.
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Devant M, Quintana B, Aris A, Bach A. Fattening Holstein heifers by feeding high-moisture corn (whole or ground) ad libitum separately from concentrate and straw1. J Anim Sci 2015; 93:4903-16. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-8382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Pérez-Juan M, Realini CE, Barahona M, Sarriés MV, del Mar Campo M, Beriain MJ, Vitale M, Gil M, Albertí P. Effects of Enrichment with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (Omega-3 and Conjugated Linoleic Acid) on Consumer Liking of Beef Aged for 7 or 21 d Evaluated at Different Locations. J Food Sci 2014; 79:S2377-82. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Barahona
- Dept. of Animal Production and Food Science; Univ. of Zaragoza; Miguel Servet 177 50013 Zaragoza Spain
| | | | - Maria del Mar Campo
- Dept. of Animal Production and Food Science; Univ. of Zaragoza; Miguel Servet 177 50013 Zaragoza Spain
| | - María José Beriain
- ETSIA; Univ. Pública de Navarra; Campus de Arrosadia 31600 Pamplona Spain
| | - Mauro Vitale
- IRTA-Monells; Finca Camps i Armet 17121 Monells Girona Spain
| | - Marta Gil
- IRTA-Monells; Finca Camps i Armet 17121 Monells Girona Spain
| | - Pere Albertí
- Unidad de Tecnología en Producción Animal; CITA Gobierno de Aragón; Avenida de Montañana 930 50059 Zaragoza Spain
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Vitale M, Pérez-Juan M, Lloret E, Arnau J, Realini C. Effect of aging time in vacuum on tenderness, and color and lipid stability of beef from mature cows during display in high oxygen atmosphere package. Meat Sci 2014; 96:270-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Kobayashi T, Koie H, Kusumi A, Kitagawa M, Kanayama K, Otsuji K. Comparative investigation of body composition in male dogs using CT and body fat analysis software. J Vet Med Sci 2013; 76:439-46. [PMID: 24212506 PMCID: PMC4013373 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.13-0397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In small animal veterinary practices, body condition score (BCS) is generally
used to diagnose obesity. However, BCS does not constitute objective data. In this study,
we investigated the value of using human body fat analysis software for male dogs. We also
compared changes in body fat after neutering. Changes in body fat at the time of neutering
(age 1 year) and 1 year later were compared by performing CT scanning and using human body
fat analysis software. We found that body fat increased in all the individuals tested. In
terms of the site of fat accumulation, subcutaneous fat was more pronounced than visceral
fat with a marked increase on the dorsal side of the abdomen rather than the thorax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyokazu Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
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Cho S, Seong P, Kang G, Choi S, Kang SM, Park KM, Kim Y, Kwon E, Park BY. Physicochemical Meat Quality and Fatty Acid Compositions of Striploin, Chuck Tender, Eye of Round Muscles from Holstein Steer Beef Slaughtered at Different Fattening Periods. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2013. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2013.33.5.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Influence of PA6 nanocomposite films on the stability of vacuum-aged beef loins during storage in modified atmospheres. Meat Sci 2013; 96:574-80. [PMID: 24013698 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A masterbatch of polyamide 6 (PA6) containing dispersed nanoclays, was used to fabricate a novel multilayer film for vacuum packed meat. Performance of the nanocomposite was compared to a control PA6 multilayer and a high barrier commercial film. Addition of nanoclays improved oxygen barrier properties, UV-blocking capability and stiffness. Beef loins were vacuum-aged using the three films for 0 7, 14 and 21 days at 2°C. After each ageing time, beef steaks were packaged in commercial trays and high oxygen atmosphere and stored at 4°C for 9 days. Beef quality parameters and gas content were studied during display time in MAP (1, 3, 6 and 9 d). Beef quality parameters were not influenced by the packaging materials used during ageing and the performance of nanocomposites was comparable to high barrier films. Ageing had a positive impact on the stabilization of redness up to day 6 in MAP. Thereafter, oxymyoglobin content and oxidation levels were negatively influenced by ageing.
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Marti S, Realini CE, Bach A, Pérez-Juan M, Devant M. Effect of castration and slaughter age on performance, carcass, and meat quality traits of Holstein calves fed a high-concentrate diet. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:1129-40. [PMID: 23296811 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-5717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of castration and slaughter age on performance and meat quality of Holstein bulls fed a high-concentrate diet. A total of 132 animals (116 ± 3.7 kg of BW and 97 ± 2.4 d of age) were randomly allocated in 6 pens using a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Three castration ages [bulls, animals castrated at 3 mo (CAS3), and animals castrated at 8 mo of age (CAS8)] and 3 slaughter ages (10, 12, and 14 mo of age) were evaluated. Feed intake was recorded daily using a computerized concentrate feeder, and BW was recorded every 14 d. The 9th to 11th rib section was removed at 24 h postmortem and dissected into lean, fat, and bone, and meat quality was evaluated on the LM. Castration, at 3 or 8 mo of age, reduced (P < 0.001) ADG and muscle pH and impaired (P < 0.01) feed efficiency. As slaughter age increased, concentrate consumption increased linearly (P < 0.001) and feed efficiency was reduced linearly (P < 0.001). Slaughter age also affected (P < 0.001) meat pH. Significant interactions between castration and slaughter ages were also observed in carcass conformation (P < 0.05), fatness (P < 0.001), percentage of subcutaneous fat (P < 0.01), carcass dressing percentage (P < 0.05), and intramuscular fat (P < 0.05) and tended to be significant in intermuscular fat (P = 0.09). In Holstein animals, castration age affects performance and meat pH regardless of slaughter age, and slaughter age affects performance and meat pH independently of castration. However, in Holstein animals, castration affects several characteristics related to fat deposition differently depending on slaughter age, such as carcass fat cover and intramuscular, intermuscular, and subcutaneous fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marti
- Department of Ruminant Production, IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), Torre Marimon, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Barcelona, Spain
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Kim JI, Kang SM, Kang GH, Seong PN, Jung SG, Park BY, Kim CJ, Cho SH. Effect of Fattening Period on the Oxidative Stability of Holstein Beef Patties. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2012. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2012.32.4.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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