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Zhang Y, Wang J, Tan N, Du K, Gao K, Zuo J, Lu X, Ma Y, Hou Y, Li Q, Xu H, Huang J, Huang Q, Na H, Wang J, Wang X, Xiao Y, Zhu J, Chen H, Liu Z, Wang M, Zhang L, Guo S, Wang W. Risk Factors in Patients with Diabetes Hospitalized for COVID-19: Findings from a Multicenter Retrospective Study. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:3170190. [PMID: 33553435 PMCID: PMC7847355 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3170190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
METHODS In this multicenter retrospective study, patients with COVID-19 in China were included and classified into two groups according to whether they were complicated with diabetes or not. Demographic symptoms and laboratory data were extracted from medical records. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression methods were used to explore the risk factors. RESULTS 538 COVID-19 patients were finally included in this study, of whom 492 were nondiabetes and 46 were diabetes. The median age was 47 years (IQR 35.0-56.0). And the elderly patients with diabetes were more likely to have dry cough, and the alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, Ca, and mean hemoglobin recovery rate were higher than the other groups. Furthermore, we also found the liver and kidney function of male patients was worse than that of female patients, while female cases should be paid more attention to the occurrence of bleeding and electrolyte disorders. Moreover, advance age, blood glucose, gender, prothrombin time, and total cholesterol could be considered as risk factors for COVID-19 patients with diabetes through the multivariable logistic regression model in our study. CONCLUSION The potential risk factors found in our study showed a major piece of the complex puzzle linking diabetes and COVID-19 infection. Meanwhile, focusing on gender and age factors in COVID-19 patients with or without diabetes, specific clinical characteristics, and risk factors should be paid more attention by clinicians to figure out a targeted intervention to improve clinical efficacy worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yili Zhang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Nannan Tan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - KangJia Du
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kuo Gao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiacheng Zuo
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoguang Lu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Hou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Quntang Li
- Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongming Xu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Daqing Second Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The People's Hospital of GuangXi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiuhua Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The People's Hospital of GuangXi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hui Na
- Department of Infectious Disease, Harbin Infectious Disease Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jingwei Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Harbin Infectious Disease Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Jinzhong Infectious Disease Hospital, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanhua Xiao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mudanjiang Kangan Hospital, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Junteng Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian College, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Hong Chen
- President's Office, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhang Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Hospital of Suihua City, Suihua, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Mingxuan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Linsong Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hospital (T·C·M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuzhen Guo
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Chen J, Pan Y, Li G, Xu W, Zhang L, Yuan S, Xia Y, Lu P, Zhang J. Distinguishing between COVID-19 and influenza during the early stages by measurement of peripheral blood parameters. J Med Virol 2020; 93:1029-1037. [PMID: 32749709 PMCID: PMC7436548 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. This study aims to examine the changes in peripheral blood parameters during the early stages of COVID-19 and influenza. We analyzed the peripheral blood parameters of 169 COVID-19 patients and 131 influenza patients during the early-onset stage. Results from the patients with COVID-19 were compared with those from healthy controls and influenza patients. In addition, results from patients with common and severe COVID-19 were further compared. There were significant differences between COVID-19 and influenza patients in terms of age, white blood cell count, platelet count, percentage of neutrophils, percentage of lymphocytes, percentage of monocytes, percentage of eosinophils, percentage of basophils, neutrophil, count and monocyte count. Two parameters (monocyte count and percentage of basophils) were combined to clarify the diagnostic efficacy of COVID-19 and influenza and the area under the curve was found to be 0.772. Comparison of peripheral blood parameters from common COVID-19, severe COVID-19, and influenza patients revealed many differences during the early disease stages. The diagnostic formula developed by this study will be of benefit for physicians in the differentiation of COVID-19 and influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangnan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yong Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gangfeng Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Wenfang Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Shijin Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pei Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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