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Svoboda Karić P, Anđelić Dmitrović B, Mrmić S, Paić A, Bjedov L, Štritof Z, Margaletić J, Kurolt IC. First Molecular Evidence of Seewis Virus in Croatia. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2359. [PMID: 38137960 PMCID: PMC10744651 DOI: 10.3390/life13122359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Orthohantaviruses are mainly carried and transmitted by wild rodents, although during the last decade, they have also been identified in multiple species of shrews and moles. Orthohantavirus, Orthohantavirus seewisense (Seewis virus, SWSV), first detected in Switzerland in a single Sorex araneus (Eurasian common shrew) specimen, has been further described in several European countries, including Croatia's neighboring Slovenia and Hungary. Croatia is a well-known endemic region for several zoonotic agents including three different orthohantaviruses: Orthohantavirus puumalaense (PUUV), Orthohantavirus dobravaense (DOBV), and Orthohantavirus tulaense (TULV). In this study, nine shrews were tested and SWSV RNA was detected in liver, lung, and kidney belonging to two shrews (22.22%), one collected on Medvednica mountain in Zagreb County, and the other in the Stara Gradiška area in lowland Croatia. The phylogenetic analysis of the complete S segment's open reading frame (ORF) and partial L-segment revealed that the Croatian sequences, when compared to sequences from the adjacent geographic regions, form a specific genetic lineage. Two SWSV-positive shrew species-Sorex araneus and Neomys milleri (Mediterranean water shrew)-were identified using barcode-based sequence analysis. Therefore, the SWSV detection in N. milleri throughout the course of this study is seen as a rare find in this shrew species. To our knowledge, this is the first molecular and phylogenetic analysis of SWSV in Croatia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Svoboda Karić
- Research Department, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases “Dr. Fran Mihaljević”, Mirogojska 8, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Barbara Anđelić Dmitrović
- Research Department, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases “Dr. Fran Mihaljević”, Mirogojska 8, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Stella Mrmić
- Research Department, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases “Dr. Fran Mihaljević”, Mirogojska 8, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antonia Paić
- Research Department, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases “Dr. Fran Mihaljević”, Mirogojska 8, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Linda Bjedov
- Department of Forest Protection and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Forestry, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zrinka Štritof
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josip Margaletić
- Department of Forest Protection and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Forestry, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan-Christian Kurolt
- Research Department, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases “Dr. Fran Mihaljević”, Mirogojska 8, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Ulrich RG, Drewes S, Haring V, Panajotov J, Pfeffer M, Rubbenstroth D, Dreesman J, Beer M, Dobler G, Knauf S, Johne R, Böhmer MM. [Viral zoonoses in Germany: a One Health perspective]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2023:10.1007/s00103-023-03709-0. [PMID: 37261460 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-023-03709-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and the increasing occurrence of monkeypox (mpox) diseases outside Africa have illustrated the vulnerability of populations to zoonotic pathogens. In addition, other viral zoonotic pathogens have gained importance in recent years.This review article addresses six notifiable viral zoonotic pathogens as examples to highlight the need for the One Health approach in order to understand the epidemiology of the diseases and to derive recommendations for action by the public health service. The importance of environmental factors, reservoirs, and vectors is emphasized, the diseases in livestock and wildlife are analyzed, and the occurrence and frequency of diseases in the population are described. The pathogens selected here differ in their reservoirs and the role of vectors for transmission, the impact of infections on farm animals, and the disease patterns observed in humans. In addition to zoonotic pathogens that have been known in Germany for a long time or were introduced recently, pathogens whose zoonotic potential has only lately been shown are also considered.For the pathogens discussed here, there are still large knowledge gaps regarding the transmission routes. Future One Health-based studies must contribute to the further elucidation of their transmission routes and the development of prevention measures. The holistic approach does not necessarily include a focus on viral pathogens/diseases, but also includes the question of the interaction of viral, bacterial, and other pathogens, including antibiotic resistance and host microbiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer G Ulrich
- Institut für neue und neuartige Tierseuchenerreger, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Tiergesundheit, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Deutschland.
| | - Stephan Drewes
- Institut für neue und neuartige Tierseuchenerreger, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Tiergesundheit, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Deutschland
| | - Viola Haring
- Institut für neue und neuartige Tierseuchenerreger, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Tiergesundheit, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Deutschland
| | - Jessica Panajotov
- Fachgruppe Viren in Lebensmitteln, Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Martin Pfeffer
- Institut für Tierhygiene und Öffentliches Veterinärwesen, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - Dennis Rubbenstroth
- Institut für Virusdiagnostik, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Tiergesundheit, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Deutschland
| | | | - Martin Beer
- Institut für Virusdiagnostik, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Tiergesundheit, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Deutschland
| | - Gerhard Dobler
- Abteilung Virologie und Rickettsiologie, Institut für Mikrobiologie der Bundeswehr, München, Deutschland
| | - Sascha Knauf
- Institut für Internationale Tiergesundheit/One Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Tiergesundheit, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Deutschland
| | - Reimar Johne
- Fachgruppe Viren in Lebensmitteln, Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Merle M Böhmer
- Landesinstitut Gesundheit II - Task Force Infektiologie, Bayerisches Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit (LGL), München, Deutschland
- Institut für Sozialmedizin und Gesundheitssystemforschung, Otto-von-Guericke Universität, Magdeburg, Deutschland
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Haring V, Jacob J, Walther B, Trost M, Stubbe M, Mertens-Scholz K, Melzer F, Scuda N, Gentil M, Sixl W, Schäfer T, Stanko M, Wolf R, Pfeffer M, Ulrich RG, Obiegala A. White-Toothed Shrews (Genus Crocidura): Potential Reservoirs for Zoonotic Leptospira spp. and Arthropod-Borne Pathogens? Pathogens 2023; 12:781. [PMID: 37375471 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12060781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Three species of white-toothed shrews of the order Eulipotyphla are present in central Europe: the bicolored (Crocidura leucodon), greater (Crocidura russula) and lesser (Crocidura suaveolens) white-toothed shrews. Their precise distribution in Germany is ill-defined and little is known about them as reservoirs for zoonotic pathogens (Leptospira spp., Coxiella burnetii, Brucella spp., Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia spp., Neoehrlichia mikurensis and Bartonella spp.). We investigated 372 Crocidura spp. from Germany (n = 341), Austria (n = 18), Luxembourg (n = 2) and Slovakia (n = 11). West European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) were added to compare the presence of pathogens in co-occurring insectivores. Crocidura russula were distributed mainly in western and C. suaveolens mainly in north-eastern Germany. Crocidura leucodon occurred in overlapping ranges with the other shrews. Leptospira spp. DNA was detected in 28/227 C. russula and 2/78 C. leucodon samples. Further characterization revealed that Leptospira kirschneri had a sequence type (ST) 100. Neoehrlichia mikurensis DNA was detected in spleen tissue from 2/213 C. russula samples. Hedgehogs carried DNA from L. kirschneri (ST 100), L. interrogans (ST 24), A. phagocytophilum and two Bartonella species. This study improves the knowledge of the current distribution of Crocidura shrews and identifies C. russula as carrier of Leptospira kirschneri. However, shrews seem to play little-to-no role in the circulation of the arthropod-borne pathogens investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Haring
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Jens Jacob
- Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Rodent Research, Julius Kühn-Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Toppheideweg 88, 48161 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernd Walther
- Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Rodent Research, Julius Kühn-Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Toppheideweg 88, 48161 Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Trost
- Dezernat Artenschutz, Staatliche Vogelschutzwarte und CITES, Landesamt für Umweltschutz Sachsen-Anhalt, Reideburger Straße 47, 06116 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Michael Stubbe
- Zentralmagazin Naturwissenschaftlicher Sammlungen, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Domplatz 4, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Katja Mertens-Scholz
- Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Falk Melzer
- Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Nelly Scuda
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Eggenreuther Weg 43, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michaela Gentil
- Laboklin GmbH & Co.KG, Steubenstrasse 4, 97688 Bad Kissingen, Germany
| | - Wolfdieter Sixl
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tanja Schäfer
- Wildtierhilfe Schäfer e.V., Waldstraße 275, 63071 Offenbach, Germany
| | - Michal Stanko
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ronny Wolf
- Institute of Biology, Molecular Evolution and Systematics of Animals, University of Leipzig, Talstraße 33, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Pfeffer
- Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 41-43, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rainer G Ulrich
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Anna Obiegala
- Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 41-43, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Dafalla M, Orłowska A, Keleş SJ, Straková P, Schlottau K, Jeske K, Hoffmann B, Wibbelt G, Smreczak M, Müller T, Freuling CM, Wang X, Rola J, Drewes S, Fereidouni S, Heckel G, Ulrich RG. Hantavirus Brno loanvirus is highly specific to the common noctule bat (Nyctalus noctula) and widespread in Central Europe. Virus Genes 2023; 59:323-332. [PMID: 36542315 PMCID: PMC10025241 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-022-01952-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bat-associated hantaviruses have been detected in Asia, Africa and Europe. Recently, a novel hantavirus (Brno loanvirus, BRNV) was identified in common noctule bats (Nyctalus noctula) in the Czech Republic, but nothing is known about its geographical range and prevalence. The objective of this study was to evaluate the distribution and host specificity of BRNV by testing bats from neighbouring countries Germany, Austria and Poland. One thousand forty-seven bats representing 21 species from Germany, 464 bats representing 18 species from Austria and 77 bats representing 12 species from Poland were screened by L segment broad-spectrum nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or by BRNV-specific real-time RT-PCR. Three common noctules from Germany, one common noctule from Austria and three common noctules from Poland were positive in the hantavirus RNA screening. Conventional RT-PCR and primer walking resulted in the amplification of partial L segment and (almost) complete S and M segment coding sequences for samples from Germany and partial L segment sequences for samples from Poland. Phylogenetic analysis of these nucleotide sequences showed highest similarity to BRNV from Czech Republic. The exclusive detection of BRNV in common noctules from different countries suggests high host specificity. The RNA detection rate in common noctules ranged between 1 of 207 (0.5%; Austria), 3 of 245 (1.2%; Germany) and 3 of 20 (15%; Poland). In conclusion, this study demonstrates a broader distribution of BRNV in common noctules in Central Europe, but at low to moderate prevalence. Additional studies are needed to prove the zoonotic potential of this hantavirus and evaluate its transmission within bat populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysaa Dafalla
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Anna Orłowska
- Department of Virology, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantów Avenue, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Sinan Julian Keleş
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Savoyenstraße 1a, 1160, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Straková
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kore Schlottau
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Kathrin Jeske
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Bernd Hoffmann
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Gudrun Wibbelt
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcin Smreczak
- Department of Virology, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantów Avenue, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Conrad Martin Freuling
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Xuejing Wang
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jerzy Rola
- Department of Virology, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantów Avenue, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Stephan Drewes
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Sasan Fereidouni
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Savoyenstraße 1a, 1160, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerald Heckel
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
- Quartier Sorge - Batiment Amphipole, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rainer G Ulrich
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
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Kikuchi F, Arai S, Hejduk J, Hayashi A, Markowski J, Markowski M, Rychlik L, Khodzinskyi V, Kamiya H, Mizutani T, Suzuki M, Sikorska B, Liberski PP, Yanagihara R. Phylogeny of Shrew- and Mole-Borne Hantaviruses in Poland and Ukraine. Viruses 2023; 15:881. [PMID: 37112861 PMCID: PMC10145205 DOI: 10.3390/v15040881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Earlier, we demonstrated the co-circulation of genetically distinct non-rodent-borne hantaviruses, including Boginia virus (BOGV) in the Eurasian water shrew (Neomys fodiens), Seewis virus (SWSV) in the Eurasian common shrew (Sorex araneus) and Nova virus (NVAV) in the European mole (Talpa europaea), in central Poland. To further investigate the phylogeny of hantaviruses harbored by soricid and talpid reservoir hosts, we analyzed RNAlater®-preserved lung tissues from 320 shrews and 26 moles, both captured during 1990-2017 across Poland, and 10 European moles from Ukraine for hantavirus RNA through RT-PCR and DNA sequencing. SWSV and Altai virus (ALTV) were detected in Sorex araneus and Sorex minutus in Boginia and the Białowieża Forest, respectively, and NVAV was detected in Talpa europaea in Huta Dłutowska, Poland, and in Lviv, Ukraine. Phylogenetic analyses using maximum-likelihood and Bayesian methods showed geography-specific lineages of SWSV in Poland and elsewhere in Eurasia and of NVAV in Poland and Ukraine. The ATLV strain in Sorex minutus from the Białowieża Forest on the Polish-Belarusian border was distantly related to the ATLV strain previously reported in Sorex minutus from Chmiel in southeastern Poland. Overall, the gene phylogenies found support long-standing host-specific adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuka Kikuchi
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
- Center for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Satoru Arai
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Janusz Hejduk
- Department of Biodiversity Studies and Bioeducation, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Ai Hayashi
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Janusz Markowski
- Department of Biodiversity Studies and Bioeducation, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Marcin Markowski
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Leszek Rychlik
- Department of Systematic Zoology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Vasyl Khodzinskyi
- Institute of Forestry and Park Gardening, Ukrainian National Forestry University, 79057 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Hajime Kamiya
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizutani
- Center for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Motoi Suzuki
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Beata Sikorska
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Łódź, 92-216 Łódź, Poland
| | - Paweł P. Liberski
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Łódź, 92-216 Łódź, Poland
| | - Richard Yanagihara
- Departments of Pediatrics and Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
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Epidemiology of Group A rotavirus in rodents and shrews in Bangladesh. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:29-38. [PMID: 35380357 PMCID: PMC8980207 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-09923-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Rodents and shrews live in close proximity to humans and have been identified as important hosts of zoonotic pathogens. This study aimed to detect Group A rotavirus (RVA) and its potential risk factors in rodents and shrews in Bangladesh. We captured 417 small mammals from 10 districts with a high degree of contact between people and domestic animals and collected rectal swab samples between June 2011 and October 2013. We tested the swab samples for RVA RNA, targeting the NSP3 gene segment using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Overall, RVA prevalence was the same (6.7%) in both rodents and shrews. We detected RVA RNA in 5.3% of Bandicota bengalensis (4/76; 95% CI: 1.4-12.9), 5.1% of B. indica (4/79; 95% CI: 1.4-12.4), 18.2% of Mus musculus (4/22; 95% CI: 5.2-40.3), 6.7% of Rattus rattus (6/90; 95% CI: 2.5-13.9), and 6.7% of Suncus murinus (10/150; 95% CI: 3.2-11.9). We found significantly more RVA in males (10.4%; OR: 3.4; P = 0.007), animals with a poor body condition score (13.9%; OR: 2.7; P = 0.05), during wet season (8.3%; OR: 4.1; P = 0.032), and in urban land gradients (10.04%; OR: 2.9; P = 0.056). These findings form a basis for understanding the prevalence of rotaviruses circulating among rodents and shrews in this region. We recommend additional molecular studies to ascertain the genotype and zoonotic potential of RVA circulating in rodents and shrews in Bangladesh.
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Hönig V, Kamiš J, Maršíková A, Matějková T, Stopka P, Mácová A, Růžek D, Kvičerová J. Orthohantaviruses in Reservoir and Atypical Hosts in the Czech Republic: Spillover Infection and Indication of Virus-Specific Tissue Tropism. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0130622. [PMID: 36169417 PMCID: PMC9604079 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01306-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthohantaviruses (genus Orthohantavirus) are a diverse group of viruses that are closely associated with their natural hosts (rodents, shrews, and moles). Several orthohantaviruses cause severe disease in humans. Central and western Europe are areas with emerging orthohantavirus occurrences. In our study, several orthohantaviruses, including the pathogenic Kurkino virus (KURV), were detected in their natural hosts trapped at several study sites in the Czech Republic. KURV was detected mainly in its typical host, the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius). Nevertheless, spillover infections were also detected in wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) and common voles (Microtus arvalis). Similarly, Tula virus (TULV) was found primarily in common voles, and events of spillover to rodents of other host species, including Apodemus spp., were recorded. In addition, unlike most previous studies, different tissues were sampled and compared to assess their suitability for orthohantavirus screening and possible tissue tropism. Our data suggest possible virus-specific tissue tropism in rodent hosts. TULV was most commonly detected in the lung tissue, whereas KURV was more common in the liver, spleen, and brain. Moreover, Seewis and Asikkala viruses were detected in randomly found common shrews (Sorex araneus). In conclusion, we have demonstrated the presence of human-pathogenic KURV and the potentially pathogenic TULV in their typical hosts as well as their spillover to atypical host species belonging to another family. Furthermore, we suggest the possibility of virus-specific tissue tropism of orthohantaviruses in their natural hosts. IMPORTANCE Orthohantaviruses (genus Orthohantavirus, family Hantaviridae) are a diverse group of globally distributed viruses that are closely associated with their natural hosts. Some orthohantaviruses are capable of infecting humans and causing severe disease. Orthohantaviruses are considered emerging pathogens due to their ever-increasing diversity and increasing numbers of disease cases. We report the detection of four different orthohantaviruses in rodents and shrews in the Czech Republic. Most viruses were found in their typical hosts, Kurkino virus (KURV) in striped field mice (Apodemus agrarius), Tula virus (TULV) in common voles (Microtus arvalis), and Seewis virus in common shrews (Sorex araneus). Nevertheless, spillover infections of atypical host species were also recorded for KURV, TULV, and another shrew-borne orthohantavirus, Asikkala virus. In addition, indications of virus-specific patterns of tissue tropism were observed. Our results highlight the circulation of several orthohantaviruses, including KURV, which is pathogenic to humans, among rodents and shrews in the Czech Republic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Hönig
- Laboratory of Arbovirology, Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Emerging Viral Infections, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kamiš
- Laboratory of Arbovirology, Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Maršíková
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Matějková
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Biocev, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Stopka
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Biocev, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Mácová
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Růžek
- Laboratory of Arbovirology, Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Emerging Viral Infections, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kvičerová
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Biocev, Vestec, Czech Republic
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8
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Kikuchi F, Aoki K, Ohdachi SD, Tsuchiya K, Motokawa M, Jogahara T, Sơn NT, Bawm S, Lin KS, Thwe TL, Gamage CD, Ranorosoa MC, Omar H, Maryanto I, Suzuki H, Tanaka-Taya K, Morikawa S, Mizutani T, Suzuki M, Yanagihara R, Arai S. Genetic Diversity and Phylogeography of Thottapalayam thottimvirus ( Hantaviridae) in Asian House Shrew ( Suncus murinus) in Eurasia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:438. [PMID: 32974220 PMCID: PMC7481397 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Murid and cricetid rodents were previously believed to be the principal reservoir hosts of hantaviruses. Recently, however, multiple newfound hantaviruses have been discovered in shrews, moles, and bats, suggesting a complex evolutionary history. Little is known about the genetic diversity and geographic distribution of the prototype shrew-borne hantavirus, Thottapalayam thottimvirus (TPMV), carried by the Asian house shrew (Suncus murinus), which is widespread in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. Comparison of TPMV genomic sequences from two Asian house shrews captured in Myanmar and Pakistan with TPMV strains in GenBank revealed that the Myanmar TPMV strain (H2763) was closely related to the prototype TPMV strain (VRC66412) from India. In the L-segment tree, on the other hand, the Pakistan TPMV strain (PK3629) appeared to be the most divergent, followed by TPMV strains from Nepal, then the Indian-Myanmar strains, and finally TPMV strains from China. The Myanmar strain of TPMV showed sequence similarity of 79.3-96.1% at the nucleotide level, but the deduced amino acid sequences showed a high degree of conservation of more than 94% with TPMV strains from Nepal, India, Pakistan, and China. Cophylogenetic analysis of host cytochrome b and TPMV strains suggested that the Pakistan TPMV strain was mismatched. Phylogenetic trees, based on host cytochrome b and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I genes of mitochondrial DNA, and on host recombination activating gene 1 of nuclear DNA, suggested that the Asian house shrew and Asian highland shrew (Suncus montanus) comprised a species complex. Overall, the geographic-specific clustering of TPMV strains in Asian countries suggested local host-specific adaptation. Additional in-depth studies are warranted to ascertain if TPMV originated in Asian house shrews on the Indian subcontinent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuka Kikuchi
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Keita Aoki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi D. Ohdachi
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | | | - Takamichi Jogahara
- Faculty of Law, Economics and Management, Okinawa University, Naha, Japan
| | - Nguyễn Trường Sơn
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Saw Bawm
- Department of Pharmacology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary Science, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - Kyaw San Lin
- Department of Aquaculture and Aquatic Disease, University of Veterinary Science, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - Thida Lay Thwe
- Department of Zoology, Yangon University of Distance Education, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Chandika D. Gamage
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Marie Claudine Ranorosoa
- Mention Foresterie et Environnement, Ecole Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Hasmahzaiti Omar
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibnu Maryanto
- Research Centre for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Hitoshi Suzuki
- Laboratory of Ecology and Genetics, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Keiko Tanaka-Taya
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Morikawa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Imabari, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizutani
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Motoi Suzuki
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Richard Yanagihara
- Pacific Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Satoru Arai
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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9
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Lee SH, No JS, Kim WK, Gajda E, Perec-Matysiak A, Kim JA, Hildebrand J, Yanagihara R, Song JW. Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Diversity of Orthohantaviruses in Small Mammals in Western Poland. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 103:193-199. [PMID: 32314690 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthohantaviruses are negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses harbored by multiple small mammals. Dobrava-Belgrade virus (DOBV) and Puumala virus (PUUV) cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Europe. In Poland, serological surveys have demonstrated antibodies against DOBV and PUUV in patients with HFRS. Molecular evidence of DOBV and PUUV has been found in Apodemus flavicollis and Myodes glareolus, respectively, in southeastern Poland, and Seewis virus (SWSV) has been reported in Sorex araneus in central Poland. However, data on the geographic distribution and phylogeny of orthohantaviruses are unavailable for other regions in Poland. To ascertain the prevalence and genetic diversity of orthohantaviruses in western and northern Poland, lung tissues from 106 small mammals were analyzed for the presence of orthohantavirus RNA. DOBV and SWSV were detected in two of 42 (4.8%) Apodemus agrarius and in three of 10 (30%) S. araneus, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses of partial L- and S-segment sequences of DOBV indicated a shared genetic lineage with the Kurkino genotype from Slovakia, Russia, and Hungary, whereas the partial M segment of DOBV clustered with the Kurkino genotype from Germany. Phylogenetic relationships of the SWSV L and S segments showed a geographic lineage with SWSV strains from central Poland, Czech Republic, and Germany. In conclusion, the study provides insights into the molecular prevalence, phylogenetic diversity, and evolutionary relationship of DOBV in A. agrarius and SWSV in S. araneus. This report increases awareness among physicians for HFRS outbreaks in western Poland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ho Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sun No
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Keun Kim
- Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ewa Gajda
- Department of Parasitology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Jeong-Ah Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Richard Yanagihara
- Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Jin-Won Song
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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10
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Lee SH, Kim WK, Park K, No JS, Lee GY, Kim HC, Klein TA, Min MS, Lee SJ, Hwang J, Park MS, Song JW. Genetic diversity and phylogeography of Jeju Orthohantavirus (Hantaviridae) in the Republic of Korea. Virology 2020; 543:13-19. [PMID: 32056842 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Orthohantaviruses are negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses harbored by rodents, shrews, moles, and bats. Of the shrew-borne orthohantaviruses in the Republic of Korea (ROK), Jeju orthohantavirus (Jeju virus, JJUV) was found on Jeju Island. This small-scale epidemiologic survey investigated the geographic distribution and molecular phylogeny of JJUV in the ROK. In 32 trapping sites, tissues of 84 Crocidura shantungensis were analyzed for JJUV RNA. JJUV RNA was detected in seven (8.3%) shrews captured on the Korean peninsula. The molecular epidemiologic survey demonstrated the prevalence of JJUV by geographic distribution. The RNA loads of JJUV were evaluated in various tissues. Entire coding sequences of tripartite genomes were recovered from two JJUV strains on the mainland. Phylogenetic relationships of the JJUV revealed a distinct geographic lineage of mainland strains from the strains on Jeju Island. This study sheds light on the molecular epidemiology, phylogeographic diversity, and virus-host co-divergence of JJUV, ROK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ho Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Keun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmin Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sun No
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-Young Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung-Chul Kim
- 5th Medical Detachment, 168th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, 65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15247, APO AP 96205-5247, USA
| | - Terry A Klein
- Public Health Command District-Korea (Provisional), 65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15281, APO AP 96205-5281, USA
| | - Mi-Sook Min
- Conservation Genome Resource Bank for Korean Wildlife, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Jin Lee
- Conservation Genome Resource Bank for Korean Wildlife, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jusun Hwang
- Wildlife Ecology & Genomics Lab, College of Forest & Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Wildlife Conservation Society-Vietnam, Wildlife Health Program, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Man-Seong Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Won Song
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Kang HJ, Gu SH, Yashina LN, Cook JA, Yanagihara R. Highly Divergent Genetic Variants of Soricid-Borne Altai Virus ( Hantaviridae) in Eurasia Suggest Ancient Host-Switching Events. Viruses 2019; 11:E857. [PMID: 31540127 PMCID: PMC6783933 DOI: 10.3390/v11090857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
With the recent discovery of genetically distinct hantaviruses (family Hantaviridae) in shrews (order Eulipotyphla, family Soricidae), the once-conventional view that rodents (order Rodentia) served as the primordial reservoir hosts now appears improbable. The newly identified soricid-borne hantaviruses generally demonstrate well-resolved lineages organized according to host taxa and geographic origin. However, beginning in 2007, we detected sequences that did not conform to the prototypic hantaviruses associated with their soricid host species and/or geographic locations. That is, Eurasian common shrews (Sorexaraneus), captured in Hungary and Russia, were found to harbor hantaviruses belonging to two separate and highly divergent lineages. We have since accumulated additional examples of these highly distinctive hantavirus sequences in the Laxmann's shrew (Sorexcaecutiens), flat-skulled shrew (Sorexroboratus) and Eurasian least shrew (Sorexminutissimus), captured at the same time and in the same location in the Sakha Republic in Far Eastern Russia. Pair-wise alignment and phylogenetic analysis of partial and full-length S-, M- and/or L-segment sequences indicate that a distinct hantavirus species related to Altai virus (ALTV), first reported in a Eurasian common shrew from Western Siberia, was being maintained in these closely related syntopic soricine shrew species. These findings suggest that genetic variants of ALTV might have resulted from ancient host-switching events with subsequent diversification within the Soricini tribe in Eurasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Ji Kang
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
| | - Se Hun Gu
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
| | - Liudmila N Yashina
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, "Vector", Koltsovo 630559, Russia.
| | - Joseph A Cook
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Richard Yanagihara
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
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12
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Laenen L, Vergote V, Calisher CH, Klempa B, Klingström J, Kuhn JH, Maes P. Hantaviridae: Current Classification and Future Perspectives. Viruses 2019; 11:v11090788. [PMID: 31461937 PMCID: PMC6784073 DOI: 10.3390/v11090788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, negative-sense RNA virus classification and taxon nomenclature have undergone considerable transformation. In 2016, the new order Bunyavirales was established, elevating the previous genus Hantavirus to family rank, thereby creating Hantaviridae. Here we summarize affirmed taxonomic modifications of this family from 2016 to 2019. Changes involve the admission of >30 new hantavirid species and the establishment of subfamilies and novel genera based on DivErsity pArtitioning by hieRarchical Clustering (DEmARC) analysis of genomic sequencing data. We outline an objective framework that can be used in future classification schemes when more hantavirids sequences will be available. Finally, we summarize current taxonomic proposals and problems in hantavirid taxonomy that will have to be addressed shortly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lies Laenen
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Unit, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Valentijn Vergote
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Unit, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Boris Klempa
- Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jonas Klingström
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jens H Kuhn
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, B-8200 Research Plaza, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Piet Maes
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Unit, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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13
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Yashina LN, Kartashov MY, Wang W, Li K, Zdanovskaya NI, Ivanov LI, Zhang YZ. Co-circulation of distinct shrew-borne hantaviruses in the far east of Russia. Virus Res 2019; 272:197717. [PMID: 31422116 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Insectivores are the new emerging reservoir of hantaviruses. Here, we describe Lena virus (LENV), a novel hantavirus harbored by the Laxmann`s shrew (Sorex caecutiens), which is also the host of Artybash virus (ARTV). Genetic analysis of the complete genomic sequence shows that LENV is in distant relation to ARTV and other Sorex-borne hantaviruses, suggesting that LENV has emerged from cross-species transmission. Additionally, new genetic variant of ARTV, designated as ARTV-St, was identified in tundra shrews (Sorex tundrensis). Finally, distinct insectivore-borne hantaviruses are co-circulating in the same localities of far eastern Russia: LENV, ARTV and Yakeshi in the forest site, while ARTV, ARTV-St, and Kenkeme virus in the meadow field site.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Yong-Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, China.
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14
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Nie FY, Tian JH, Lin XD, Yu B, Xing JG, Cao JH, Holmes EC, Ma RZ, Zhang YZ. Discovery of a highly divergent hepadnavirus in shrews from China. Virology 2019; 531:162-170. [PMID: 30884426 PMCID: PMC7172195 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Limited sampling means that relatively little is known about the diversity and evolutionary history of mammalian members of the Hepadnaviridae (genus Orthohepadnavirus). An important case in point are shrews, the fourth largest group of mammals, but for which there is limited knowledge on the role they play in viral evolution and emergence. Here, we report the discovery of a novel shrew hepadnavirus. The newly discovered virus, denoted shrew hepatitis B virus (SHBV), is divergent to be considered a new species of Orthohepadnavirus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these viruses were usually most closely related to TBHBV (tent-making bat hepatitis B virus), known to be able to infect human hepatocytes, and had a similar genome structure, although SHBV fell in a more basal position in the surface protein phylogeny. In sum, these data suggest that shrews are natural hosts for hepadnaviruses and may have played an important role in their long-term evolution. A highly divergent hepadnavirus was identified in shrews in China. The shrew virus represents a novel species of mammalian orthohepadnaviruses. The shrew virus grouped with TBHBV in some genes, previously shown to be able to infect human hepatocytes. Cross-species virus transmission occurred among the three shrew species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yuan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Hua Tian
- Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian-Dan Lin
- Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Guang Xing
- Wencheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wencheng, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian-Hai Cao
- Longwan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Longwan District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Edward C Holmes
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Runlin Z Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong-Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, China; Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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15
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Spatial dynamics of a zoonotic orthohantavirus disease through heterogenous data on rodents, rodent infections, and human disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2329. [PMID: 30787344 PMCID: PMC6382775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38802-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Zoonotic diseases are challenging to study from the ecological point of view as, broadly speaking, datasets tend to be either detailed on a small spatial extent, or coarse on a large spatial extent. Also, there are many ways to assess zoonotic disease transmission systems, from pathogens to hosts to humans. We explore the complementarity of datasets considering the pathogen in its host, the host and human cases in the context of Puumala orthohantavirus infection in Germany. We selected relevant environmental predictors using a conceptual framework based on resource-based habitats. This framework assesses the functions, and associated environmental resources of the pathogen and associated host. A resource-based habitat framework supports variable selection and result interpretation. Multiplying ‘keyholes’ to view a zoonotic disease transmission system is valuable, but requires a strong conceptual framework to select and interpret environmental explanatory variables. This study highlights the usefulness of a structured, ecology-based approach to study drivers of zoonotic diseases at the level of virus, host, and human - not only for PUUV but also for other zoonotic pathogens. Our results show that human disease cases are best explained by a combination of variables related to zoonotic pathogen circulation and human exposure.
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16
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Milholland MT, Castro-Arellano I, Suzán G, Garcia-Peña GE, Lee TE, Rohde RE, Alonso Aguirre A, Mills JN. Global Diversity and Distribution of Hantaviruses and Their Hosts. ECOHEALTH 2018; 15:163-208. [PMID: 29713899 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-017-1305-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rodents represent 42% of the world's mammalian biodiversity encompassing 2,277 species populating every continent (except Antarctica) and are reservoir hosts for a wide diversity of disease agents. Thus, knowing the identity, diversity, host-pathogen relationships, and geographic distribution of rodent-borne zoonotic pathogens, is essential for predicting and mitigating zoonotic disease outbreaks. Hantaviruses are hosted by numerous rodent reservoirs. However, the diversity of rodents harboring hantaviruses is likely unknown because research is biased toward specific reservoir hosts and viruses. An up-to-date, systematic review covering all known rodent hosts is lacking. Herein, we document gaps in our knowledge of the diversity and distribution of rodent species that host hantaviruses. Of the currently recognized 681 cricetid, 730 murid, 61 nesomyid, and 278 sciurid species, we determined that 11.3, 2.1, 1.6, and 1.1%, respectively, have known associations with hantaviruses. The diversity of hantaviruses hosted by rodents and their distribution among host species supports a reassessment of the paradigm that each virus is associated with a single-host species. We examine these host-virus associations on a global taxonomic and geographical scale with emphasis on the rodent host diversity and distribution. Previous reviews have been centered on the viruses and not the mammalian hosts. Thus, we provide a perspective not previously addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Milholland
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Iván Castro-Arellano
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA.
| | - Gerardo Suzán
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, México City, Mexico
| | - Gabriel E Garcia-Peña
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, México City, Mexico
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad C3, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, México City, Mexico
- UMR MIVEGEC, Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, UMR 5290, CNRS-IRD-Université de Montpellier, Centre de Recherche IRD, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Thomas E Lee
- Department of Biology, Abilene Christian University, ACU Box 27868, Abilene, TX, 79699, USA
| | - Rodney E Rohde
- College of Health Professions, Clinical Laboratory Science Program, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - A Alonso Aguirre
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - James N Mills
- Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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17
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Gedvilaite A, Tryland M, Ulrich RG, Schneider J, Kurmauskaite V, Moens U, Preugschas H, Calvignac-Spencer S, Ehlers B. Novel polyomaviruses in shrews ( Soricidae) with close similarity to human polyomavirus 12. J Gen Virol 2017; 98:3060-3067. [PMID: 29095685 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Shrews (family Soricidae) have already been reported to host microorganisms pathogenic for humans. In an effort to search for additional infectious agents with zoonotic potential, we detected polyomaviruses (PyVs) in common shrew, crowned shrew, and pygmy shrew (Sorex araneus, S. coronatus and S. minutus). From these, 11 full circular genomes were determined. Phylogenetic analysis based on large T protein sequences showed that these novel PyVs form a separate clade within the genus Alphapolyomavirus. Within this clade, the phylogenetic relationships suggest host-virus co-divergence. Surprisingly, one PyV from common shrew showed a genomic sequence nearly identical to that of the human polyomavirus 12 (HPyV12). This indicated that HPyV12 is a variant of a non-human PyV that naturally infects shrews. Whether HPyV12 is a bona fide human-tropic polyomavirus arising from a recent shrew-to-human transmission event or instead reflects a technical artefact, such as consumable contamination with shrew material, needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Gedvilaite
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Morten Tryland
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Arctic Infection Biology, UIT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Rainer G Ulrich
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Julia Schneider
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany.,Present address: NMI TT Pharmaservices, c/o CoLaborator, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ugo Moens
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | | | - Bernhard Ehlers
- Division 12 'Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Viruses Affecting Immunocompromised Patients', Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
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18
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Molecular phylogeny of a genetically divergent hantavirus harbored by the Geoffroy's rousette (Rousettus amplexicaudatus), a frugivorous bat species in the Philippines. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 45:26-32. [PMID: 27516187 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The recent discovery of genetically distinct hantaviruses in multiple species of shrews and moles (order Eulipotyphla, families Soricidae and Talpidae) prompted a further exploration of their host diversification and geographic distribution by analyzing lung tissues from 376 fruit bats representing six genera (order Chiroptera, suborder Yinpterochiroptera, family Pteropodidae), collected in the Republic of the Philippines during 2008 to 2013. Hantavirus RNA was detected by RT-PCR in one of 15 Geoffroy's rousettes (Rousettus amplexicaudatus), captured in Quezon Memorial National Park on Luzon Island in 2009. Phylogenetic analyses of the S, M and L segments, using maximum-likelihood and Bayesian methods, showed that the newfound hantavirus, designated Quezon virus (QZNV), shared a common ancestry with hantaviruses hosted by insectivorous bats, in keeping with their evolutionary relationships and suggests that ancestral bats may have served as the early or original mammalian hosts of primordial hantaviruses. As the first hantavirus detected in a megabat or flying fox species, QZNV extends our knowledge about the reservoir host range.
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19
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Arai S, Kang HJ, Gu SH, Ohdachi SD, Cook JA, Yashina LN, Tanaka-Taya K, Abramov SA, Morikawa S, Okabe N, Oishi K, Yanagihara R. Genetic Diversity of Artybash Virus in the Laxmann's Shrew (Sorex caecutiens). Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2016; 16:468-75. [PMID: 27172519 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2015.1903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although based on very limited M and L segment sequences, Artybash virus (ARTV) was proposed previously as a unique hantavirus harbored by the Laxmann's shrew (Sorex caecutiens). To verify this conjecture, lung tissues from 68 Laxmann's shrews, captured during 2006 to 2014 in eastern Siberia, Russia, and Hokkaido, Japan, were analyzed for ARTV RNA using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). ARTV RNA was detected in six Laxmann's shrews. Pairwise alignment and comparison of partial- and full-length S, M, and L segment sequences from these Laxmann's shrews, as well as phylogenetic analyses, using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods indicated that ARTV was distinct from other soricine shrew-borne hantaviruses and representative hantaviruses harbored by rodents, moles, and bats. Taxonomic identity of the ARTV-infected Laxmann's shrews was confirmed by full-length cytochrome b mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis. Our data indicate that the hantavirus previously known as Amga virus (MGAV) represents genetic variants of ARTV. Thus, the previously proposed designation of ARTV/MGAV should be replaced by ARTV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Arai
- 1 Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hae Ji Kang
- 2 Department of Pediatrics and Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Se Hun Gu
- 2 Department of Pediatrics and Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Satoshi D Ohdachi
- 3 Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University , Sapporo, Japan
| | - Joseph A Cook
- 4 Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Liudmila N Yashina
- 5 State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology "Vector," Koltsovo , Russia
| | - Keiko Tanaka-Taya
- 1 Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sergey A Abramov
- 6 Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals , Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Shigeru Morikawa
- 7 Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Okabe
- 1 Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo, Japan .,8 Kawasaki City Institute for Public Health , Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazunori Oishi
- 1 Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Richard Yanagihara
- 2 Department of Pediatrics and Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu, Hawaii
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20
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Gu SH, Arai S, Yu HT, Lim BK, Kang HJ, Yanagihara R. Genetic variants of Cao Bang hantavirus in the Chinese mole shrew (Anourosorex squamipes) and Taiwanese mole shrew (Anourosorex yamashinai). INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 40:113-118. [PMID: 26921799 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
To determine the genetic diversity and geographic distribution of Cao Bang virus (CBNV) and to ascertain the existence of CBNV-related hantaviruses, natural history collections of archival tissues from Chinese mole shrews (Anourosorex squamipes) and Taiwanese mole shrews (Anourosorex yamashinai), captured in Guizho Province, People's Republic of China, and in Nantou County, Taiwan, in 2006 and 1989, respectively, were analyzed for hantavirus RNA by RT-PCR. Pair-wise alignment and comparison of the S-, M- and L-segment sequences indicated CBNV in two of five Chinese mole shrews and a previously unrecognized hantavirus, named Xinyi virus (XYIV), in seven of 15 Taiwanese mole shrews. XYIV was closely related to CBNV in Vietnam and China, as well as to Lianghe virus (LHEV), recently reported as a distinct hantavirus species in Chinese mole shrews from Yunnan Province in China. Phylogenetic analyses, using maximum-likelihood and Bayesian methods, showed that XYIV shared a common ancestry with CBNV and LHEV, in keeping with the evolutionary relationship between Anourosorex mole shrews. Until such time that tissue culture isolates of CBNV, LHEV and XYIV can be fully analyzed, XYIV and LHEV should be regarded as genetic variants, or genotypes, of CBNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hun Gu
- Departments of Pediatrics and Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Satoru Arai
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hon-Tsen Yu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Burton K Lim
- Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hae Ji Kang
- Departments of Pediatrics and Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Richard Yanagihara
- Departments of Pediatrics and Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.
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21
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Gu SH, Kumar M, Sikorska B, Hejduk J, Markowski J, Markowski M, Liberski PP, Yanagihara R. Isolation and partial characterization of a highly divergent lineage of hantavirus from the European mole (Talpa europaea). Sci Rep 2016; 6:21119. [PMID: 26892544 PMCID: PMC4759689 DOI: 10.1038/srep21119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetically distinct hantaviruses have been identified in five species of fossorial moles (order Eulipotyphla, family Talpidae) from Eurasia and North America. Here, we report the isolation and partial characterization of a highly divergent hantavirus, named Nova virus (NVAV), from lung tissue of a European mole (Talpa europaea), captured in central Poland in August 2013. Typical hantavirus-like particles, measuring 80-120 nm in diameter, were found in NVAV-infected Vero E6 cells by transmission electron microscopy. Whole-genome sequences of the isolate, designated NVAV strain Te34, were identical to that amplified from the original lung tissue, and phylogenetic analysis of the full-length L, M and S segments, using maximum-likelihood and Bayesian methods, showed that NVAV was most closely related to hantaviruses harbored by insectivorous bats, consistent with an ancient evolutionary origin. Infant Swiss Webster mice, inoculated with NVAV by the intraperitoneal route, developed weight loss and hyperactivity, beginning at 16 days, followed by hind-limb paralysis and death. High NVAV RNA copies were detected in lung, liver, kidney, spleen and brain by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Neuropathological examination showed astrocytic and microglial activation and neuronal loss. The first mole-borne hantavirus isolate will facilitate long-overdue studies on its infectivity and pathogenic potential in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hun Gu
- Departments of Pediatrics and Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Departments of Pediatrics and Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Beata Sikorska
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Łódź, 92-216 Łódź, Poland
| | - Janusz Hejduk
- Department of Biodiversity Studies, Didactics and Bioeducation, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Janusz Markowski
- Department of Biodiversity Studies, Didactics and Bioeducation, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Marcin Markowski
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Paweł P Liberski
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Łódź, 92-216 Łódź, Poland
| | - Richard Yanagihara
- Departments of Pediatrics and Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
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22
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Ge XY, Yang WH, Pan H, Zhou JH, Han X, Zhu GJ, Desmond JS, Daszak P, Shi ZL, Zhang YZ. Fugong virus, a novel hantavirus harbored by the small oriental vole (Eothenomys eleusis) in China. Virol J 2016; 13:27. [PMID: 26880191 PMCID: PMC4754816 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-016-0483-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rodents are natural reservoirs of hantaviruses, which cause two disease types: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Eurasia and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in North America. Hantaviruses related human cases have been observed throughout Asia, Europe, Africa, and North America. To date, 23 distinct species of hantaviruses, hosted by reservoir, have been identified. However, the diversity and number of hantaviruses are likely underestimated in China, and hantavirus species that cause disease in many regions, including Yunnan province, are unknown. RESULTS In August 2012, we collected tissue samples from 189 captured animals, including 15 species belonging to 10 genera, 5 families, and 4 orders in Fugong county, Yunnan province, China. Seven species were positive for hantavirus: Eothenomys eleusis (42/94), Apodemus peninsulae (3/25), Niviventer eha (3/27), Cryptotis montivaga (2/8), Anourosorex squamipes (1/1), Sorex araneus (1/1), and Mustela sibirica (1/2). We characterized one full-length genomic sequence of the virus (named fugong virus, FUGV) from a small oriental vole (Eothenomys eleusis). The full-length sequences of the small, medium, and large segments of FUGV were 1813, 3630, and 6531 nt, respectively. FUGV was most closely related to hantavirus LX309, a previously reported species detected in the red-backed vole in Luxi county, Yunnan province, China. However, the amino acid sequences of nucleocapsid (N), glycoprotein (G), and large protein (L) were highly divergent from those of Hantavirus LX309, with amino acid differences of 11.2, 15.3, and 12.7 %, respectively. In phylogenetic trees, FUGV clustered in the lineage corresponding to hantaviruses carried by rodents in the subfamily Arvicolinae. CONCLUSIONS High prevalence of hantavirus infection in small mammals was found in Fugong county, Yunnan province, China. A novel hantavirus species FUGV was identified from the small oriental vole. This virus is phylogenetic clustering with another hantavirus LX309, but shows highly genomic divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Yi Ge
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Wei-Hong Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, 671000, China.
| | - Hong Pan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, 671000, China.
| | - Ji-Hua Zhou
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, 671000, China.
| | - Xi Han
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, 671000, China.
| | | | | | | | - Zheng-Li Shi
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Yun-Zhi Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, 671000, China.
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23
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Gu SH, Hejduk J, Markowski J, Kang HJ, Markowski M, Połatyńska M, Sikorska B, Liberski PP, Yanagihara R. Co-circulation of soricid- and talpid-borne hantaviruses in Poland. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2014; 28:296-303. [PMID: 25445646 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we reported the discovery of a genetically distinct hantavirus, designated Boginia virus (BOGV), in the Eurasian water shrew (Neomys fodiens), as well as the detection of Seewis virus (SWSV) in the Eurasian common shrew (Sorex araneus), in central Poland. In this expanded study of 133 shrews and 69 moles captured during 2010-2013 in central and southeastern Poland, we demonstrate the co-circulation of BOGV in the Eurasian water shrew and SWSV in the Eurasian common shrew, Eurasian pygmy shrew (Sorex minutus) and Mediterranean water shrew (Neomys anomalus). In addition, we found high prevalence of Nova virus (NVAV) infection in the European mole (Talpa europaea), with evidence of NVAV RNA in heart, lung, liver, kidney, spleen and intestine. The nucleotide and amino acid sequence variation of the L segment among the SWSV strains was 0-18.8% and 0-5.4%, respectively. And for the 38 NVAV strains from European moles captured in Huta Dłutowska, the L-segment genetic similarity ranged from 94.1%-100% at the nucleotide level and 96.3%-100% at the amino acid level. Phylogenetic analyses showed geographic-specific lineages of SWSV and NVAV in Poland, not unlike that of rodent-borne hantaviruses, suggesting long-standing host-specific adaptation. The co-circulation and distribution of BOGV, SWSV and NVAV in Poland parallels findings of multiple hantavirus species co-existing in their respective rodent reservoir species elsewhere in Europe. Also, the detection of SWSV in three syntopic shrew species resembles spill over events observed among some rodent-borne hantaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hun Gu
- Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA; Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Janusz Hejduk
- Department of Teacher Training and Biodiversity Studies, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, S. Banacha Street 1/3, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Janusz Markowski
- Department of Teacher Training and Biodiversity Studies, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, S. Banacha Street 1/3, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Hae Ji Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA; Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Marcin Markowski
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Połatyńska
- Department of Algology and Mycology, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Beata Sikorska
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Łódź, Czechoslowacka Street 8/10, 92-216 Łódź, Poland
| | - Paweł P Liberski
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Łódź, Czechoslowacka Street 8/10, 92-216 Łódź, Poland
| | - Richard Yanagihara
- Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA; Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.
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24
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Wang CQ, Gao JH, Li M, Guo WP, Lu MQ, Wang W, Hu MX, Li MH, Yang J, Liang HJ, Tian XF, Holmes EC, Zhang YZ. Co-circulation of Hantaan, Kenkeme, and Khabarovsk Hantaviruses in Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island, China. Virus Res 2014; 191:51-8. [PMID: 25087879 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) was first recognized in far eastern Asia in the 1930s, and has been highly prevalent in this region ever since. To reveal the molecular epidemiology of hantaviruses in this region, a total of 374 small mammals (eight species of rodents and one species of shrew) were captured in the Chinese part of the Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island (Heilongjiang Province). Hantavirus sequences were recovered from three striped field mice (Apodemus agrarius), 11 Maximowicz's voles (Microtus maximowiczii), and one flat-skulled shrew (Sorex roboratus). Genetic and phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of three viruses: Hantaan virus (HTNV), Khabarovsk virus (KHAV), and Kenkeme virus (KKMV). HTNV sequences recovered from A. agrarius were closely related to those identified in Apodemus mice from the surrounding areas, while a new lineage of KHAV was present in M. maximowiczii. Additionally, while the viral sequences recovered from one flat-skulled shrew were most closely related to KKMV, their divergence to the prototype strain suggests that they represent a new viral subtype. Overall, these results suggest that Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island harbors considerable hantavirus diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Qiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei United University, Tangshan 063000, PR China
| | - Jian-Hua Gao
- Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ming Li
- Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wen-Ping Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ming-Qing Lu
- Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Man-Xia Hu
- Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ming-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hui-Jie Liang
- Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xi-Feng Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei United University, Tangshan 063000, PR China
| | - Edward C Holmes
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Biological Sciences and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yong-Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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25
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Ling J, Sironen T, Voutilainen L, Hepojoki S, Niemimaa J, Isoviita VM, Vaheri A, Henttonen H, Vapalahti O. Hantaviruses in Finnish soricomorphs: evidence for two distinct hantaviruses carried by Sorex araneus suggesting ancient host-switch. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2014; 27:51-61. [PMID: 24997334 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hantaviruses are emerging viruses carried by rodents, soricomorphs (shrews and moles) and bats. In Finland, Puumala virus (PUUV) was for years the only hantavirus detected. In 2009, however, Seewis virus (SWSV) was reported from archival common shrew (Sorex araneus) samples collected in 1982 in Finland. To elucidate the diversity of hantaviruses in soricomorphs in Finland, 180 individuals were screened, representing seven species captured from 2001 to 2012: hantavirus RNA was screened using RT-PCR, and hantaviral antigen using immunoblotting with polyclonal antibodies raised against truncated SWSV nucleocapsid protein. The overall hantavirus RNA prevalence was 14% (26/180), antigen could be demonstrated in 9 of 20 SWSV RT-PCR positive common shrews. Genetic analyses revealed that four soricomorph-borne hantaviruses circulate in Finland, including Boginia virus (BOGV) in water shrew (Neomys fodiens) and Asikkala virus (ASIV) in pygmy shrew (Sorex minutus). Interestingly, on two study sites, common shrews harbored strains of two different hantaviruses: Seewis virus and a new distinct, genetically distant (identity 57% at amino acid level) virus (Altai-like virus) which clusters together with viruses in the basal phylogroup I of hantaviruses with 62-67% identity at amino acid level. This is the first evidence of coexistence of two clearly distinct hantavirus species circulating simultaneously in one host species population. The findings suggest an ancient host-switching event from a yet unknown host to S. araneus. In addition, phylogenetic analyses of partial S and M segment sequences showed that SWSV in Finland represents a unique genotype in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Ling
- Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarja Sironen
- Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Liina Voutilainen
- Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Finnish Forest Research Institute, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Satu Hepojoki
- Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Veli-Matti Isoviita
- Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Vaheri
- Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Virology and Immunology, HUSLAB, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland
| | | | - Olli Vapalahti
- Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Virology and Immunology, HUSLAB, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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26
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Bennett SN, Gu SH, Kang HJ, Arai S, Yanagihara R. Reconstructing the evolutionary origins and phylogeography of hantaviruses. Trends Microbiol 2014; 22:473-82. [PMID: 24852723 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2014.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rodents have long been recognized as the principal reservoirs of hantaviruses. However, with the discovery of genetically distinct and phylogenetically divergent lineages of hantaviruses in multiple species of shrews, moles, and insectivorous bats from widely separated geographic regions, a far more complex landscape of hantavirus host distribution, evolution, and phylogeography is emerging. Detailed phylogenetic analyses, based on partial and full-length genomes of previously described rodent-borne hantaviruses and newly detected non-rodent-borne hantaviruses, indicate an Asian origin and support the emerging concept that ancestral non-rodent mammals may have served as the hosts of primordial hantaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon N Bennett
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA; Department of Microbiology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Se Hun Gu
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Hae Ji Kang
- Division of Respiratory Viruses, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Satoru Arai
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Richard Yanagihara
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA; Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.
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27
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Molecular phylogeny of hantaviruses harbored by insectivorous bats in Côte d'Ivoire and Vietnam. Viruses 2014; 6:1897-910. [PMID: 24784569 PMCID: PMC4036548 DOI: 10.3390/v6051897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent discovery of genetically distinct hantaviruses in multiple species of shrews and moles prompted a further exploration of their host diversification by analyzing frozen, ethanol-fixed and RNAlater®-preserved archival tissues and fecal samples from 533 bats (representing seven families, 28 genera and 53 species in the order Chiroptera), captured in Asia, Africa and the Americas in 1981–2012, using RT-PCR. Hantavirus RNA was detected in Pomona roundleaf bats (Hipposideros pomona) (family Hipposideridae), captured in Vietnam in 1997 and 1999, and in banana pipistrelles (Neoromicia nanus) (family Vespertilionidae), captured in Côte d’Ivoire in 2011. Phylogenetic analysis, based on the full-length S- and partial M- and L-segment sequences using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods, demonstrated that the newfound hantaviruses formed highly divergent lineages, comprising other recently recognized bat-borne hantaviruses in Sierra Leone and China. The detection of bat-associated hantaviruses opens a new era in hantavirology and provides insights into their evolutionary origins.
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28
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Hantavirus reservoirs: current status with an emphasis on data from Brazil. Viruses 2014; 6:1929-73. [PMID: 24784571 PMCID: PMC4036540 DOI: 10.3390/v6051929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the recognition of hantavirus as the agent responsible for haemorrhagic fever in Eurasia in the 1970s and, 20 years later, the descovery of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the Americas, the genus Hantavirus has been continually described throughout the World in a variety of wild animals. The diversity of wild animals infected with hantaviruses has only recently come into focus as a result of expanded wildlife studies. The known reservoirs are more than 80, belonging to 51 species of rodents, 7 bats (order Chiroptera) and 20 shrews and moles (order Soricomorpha). More than 80genetically related viruses have been classified within Hantavirus genus; 25 recognized as human pathogens responsible for a large spectrum of diseases in the Old and New World. In Brazil, where the diversity of mammals and especially rodents is considered one of the largest in the world, 9 hantavirus genotypes have been identified in 12 rodent species belonging to the genus Akodon, Calomys, Holochilus, Oligoryzomys, Oxymycterus, Necromys and Rattus. Considering the increasing number of animals that have been implicated as reservoirs of different hantaviruses, the understanding of this diversity is important for evaluating the risk of distinct hantavirus species as human pathogens.
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29
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Eckerle I, Lenk M, Ulrich RG. More novel hantaviruses and diversifying reservoir hosts--time for development of reservoir-derived cell culture models? Viruses 2014; 6:951-67. [PMID: 24576845 PMCID: PMC3970132 DOI: 10.3390/v6030951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to novel, improved and high-throughput detection methods, there is a plethora of newly identified viruses within the genus Hantavirus. Furthermore, reservoir host species are increasingly recognized besides representatives of the order Rodentia, now including members of the mammalian orders Soricomorpha/Eulipotyphla and Chiroptera. Despite the great interest created by emerging zoonotic viruses, there is still a gross lack of in vitro models, which reflect the exclusive host adaptation of most zoonotic viruses. The usually narrow host range and genetic diversity of hantaviruses make them an exciting candidate for studying virus-host interactions on a cellular level. To do so, well-characterized reservoir cell lines covering a wide range of bat, insectivore and rodent species are essential. Most currently available cell culture models display a heterologous virus-host relationship and are therefore only of limited value. Here, we review the recently established approaches to generate reservoir-derived cell culture models for the in vitro study of virus-host interactions. These successfully used model systems almost exclusively originate from bats and bat-borne viruses other than hantaviruses. Therefore we propose a parallel approach for research on rodent- and insectivore-borne hantaviruses, taking the generation of novel rodent and insectivore cell lines from wildlife species into account. These cell lines would be also valuable for studies on further rodent-borne viruses, such as orthopox- and arenaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Eckerle
- Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Matthias Lenk
- Department of Experimental Animal Facilities and Biorisk Management, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
| | - Rainer G Ulrich
- Institute for Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
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30
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Zhang YZ. Discovery of hantaviruses in bats and insectivores and the evolution of the genus Hantavirus. Virus Res 2014; 187:15-21. [PMID: 24509342 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hantaviruses are among the most important zoonotic pathogens of humans, causing either hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) or hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). From the period 1964-2006 almost all hantaviruses had been identified in rodents, with the exception of Thottapalayam virus (TPMV) isolated from shrews sampled in India. As a consequence, rodents were considered as the natural reservoir hosts. However, over the past seven years, most of the newly found hantavirus genotypes have been from either shrews or moles. Remarkably, in recent years divergent hantaviruses have also been identified in bats sampled from both Africa and Asia. All these data indicate that hantaviruses have a broad range of natural reservoir hosts. Phylogenetic analyses of the available sequences of hantaviruses suggest that hantaviruses might have first appeared in Chiroptera (bats) or Soricomorpha (moles and shrews), before emerging in rodent species. Although rodent hantaviruses cluster according to whether their hosts are members of the Murinae and Cricetidae, the phylogenetic histories of the viruses are not always congruent with those of their hosts, indicating that cross-species transmission events have occurred at all taxonomic levels. In sum, both cross-species transmission and co-divergence have produced the high genetic diversity of hantaviruses described to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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Yanagihara R, Gu SH, Arai S, Kang HJ, Song JW. Hantaviruses: rediscovery and new beginnings. Virus Res 2014; 187:6-14. [PMID: 24412714 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Virus and host gene phylogenies, indicating that antigenically distinct hantaviruses (family Bunyaviridae, genus Hantavirus) segregate into clades, which parallel the molecular evolution of rodents belonging to the Murinae, Arvicolinae, Neotominae and Sigmodontinae subfamilies, suggested co-divergence of hantaviruses and their rodent reservoirs. Lately, this concept has been vigorously contested in favor of preferential host switching and local host-specific adaptation. To gain insights into the host range, spatial and temporal distribution, genetic diversity and evolutionary origins of hantaviruses, we employed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to analyze frozen, RNAlater(®)-preserved and ethanol-fixed tissues from 1546 shrews (9 genera and 47 species), 281 moles (8 genera and 10 species) and 520 bats (26 genera and 53 species), collected in Europe, Asia, Africa and North America during 1980-2012. Thus far, we have identified 24 novel hantaviruses in shrews, moles and bats. That these newfound hantaviruses are geographically widespread and genetically more diverse than those harbored by rodents suggests that the evolutionary history of hantaviruses is far more complex than previously conjectured. Phylogenetic analyses indicate four distinct clades, with the most divergent comprising hantaviruses harbored by the European mole and insectivorous bats, with evidence for both co-divergence and host switching. Future studies will provide new knowledge about the transmission dynamics and pathogenic potential of these newly discovered, still-orphan, non-rodent-borne hantaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Yanagihara
- Pacific Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
| | - Se Hun Gu
- Pacific Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Satoru Arai
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama 1-23-1, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Hae Ji Kang
- Division of Respiratory Viruses, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongwon-gun, Chunngcheonngbuk-do 363-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Won Song
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University, 5-Ga, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-705, Republic of Korea
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High prevalence of Nova hantavirus infection in the European mole (Talpa europaea) in France. Epidemiol Infect 2013; 142:1167-71. [PMID: 24044372 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268813002197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY Recent discovery of genetically distinct hantaviruses in shrews and moles (order Soricomorpha, family Soricidae and Talpidae) has challenged the conventional view that rodents serve as the principal reservoir hosts. Nova virus (NVAV), previously identified in archival liver tissue of a single European mole (Talpa europaea) from Hungary, represents one of the most highly divergent hantaviruses identified to date. To ascertain the spatial distribution and genetic diversity of NVAV, we employed RT-PCR to analyse lungs from 94 moles, captured in two locations in France, during October 2012 to March 2013. NVAV was detected in more than 60% of moles at each location, suggesting efficient enzootic virus transmission and confirming that this mole species serves as the reservoir host. Although the pathogenic potential of NVAV is unknown, the widespread geographical distribution of the European mole might pose a hantavirus exposure risk for humans.
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Krüger DH, Ulrich RG, Hofmann J. Hantaviruses as zoonotic pathogens in Germany. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2013; 110:461-7. [PMID: 23964302 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2013.0461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hantavirus disease is a zoonosis of increasing clinical importance. A new incidence peak was reached in Germany in 2012, with more than 2800 reported cases. These viruses are transmitted from small mammals to human beings. The disease begins with high fever and non-pathognomonic manifestations that can end in shock and organ failure. METHODS This article is based on a selective literature search, on the authors' experiences at the National Referral Laboratory for Hantavirus Infections (Nationales Konsiliarlaboratorium für Hantaviren), and on published recommendations from Germany and abroad. RESULTS Two hantavirus species cause clinically relevant infections in Germany. Puumala virus, which is transmitted by bank voles, causes large outbreaks of disease every 2 to 3 years in the southwestern and western regions of Germany and in the Bavarian Forest. Dobrava-Belgrad virus, transmitted by striped field mice, causes infections in the north and east of the country. Serological tests are available for primary and confirmatory diagnosis; moreover, viral nucleic acids can be amplified in the early phase of illness and compared with the viral nucleic acids from the reservoir hosts of the corresponding type of infection. Infections with American types of hantavirus have ca. 35% case fatality, and hantaviruses from southeastern Europe and Asia are also highly pathogenic; in contrast, the febrile illnesses caused by hantaviruses in Germany are usually relatively mild. CONCLUSION When persons living in high-risk areas present with fever of unknown origin or with renal dysfunction of unknown origin, physicians should consider the possibility of a hantavirus infection and should initiate the appropriate diagnostic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Detlev H Krüger
- National Consultation Laboratory for Hantavirus infections, Institute of Medical Virology, Helmut Ruska Building, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Department of Virology at Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany.
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