1
|
Guglielmelli A, Tone CM, Ragozzino E, Ciuchi F, Bartucci R. Cholesterol drives enantiospecific effects of ibuprofen in biomimetic membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2024; 1866:184334. [PMID: 38744417 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2024.184334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The interaction between chiral drugs and biomimetic membranes is of interest in biophysical research and biotechnological applications. There is a belief that the membrane composition, particularly the presence of cholesterol, could play a pivotal role in determining enantiospecific effects of pharmaceuticals. Our study explores this topic focusing on the interaction of ibuprofen enantiomers (S- and R-IBP) with cholesterol-containing model membranes. The effects of S- and R-IBP at 20 mol% on bilayer mixtures of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) with 0, 10, 20 and 50 mol% cholesterol were investigated using circular dichroism and spin-label electron spin resonance. Morphological changes due to IBP enantiomers were studied with atomic force microscopy on supported cholesterol-containing DPPC monolayers. The results reveal that IBP isoforms significantly and equally interact with pure DPPC lipid assemblies. Cholesterol content, besides modifying the structure and the morphology of the membranes, triggers the drug enantioselectivity at 10 and 20 mol%, with the enantiomers differently adsorbing on membranes and perturbing them. The spectroscopic and the microscopic data indicate that IBP stereospecificity is markedly reduced at equimolar content of Chol mixed with DPPC. This study provides new insights into the role of cholesterol in modulating enantiospecific effects of IBP in lipid membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Guglielmelli
- Department of Physics, NLHT Lab, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; CNR NANOTEC c/o Department of Physics, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Caterina M Tone
- CNR NANOTEC c/o Department of Physics, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; Department of Physics, Molecular Physics Group, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Eleonora Ragozzino
- Department of Physics, Molecular Biophysics Lab, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Federica Ciuchi
- CNR NANOTEC c/o Department of Physics, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Rosa Bartucci
- Department of Physics, Molecular Biophysics Lab, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guglielmelli A, Bartucci R, Rizzuti B, Palermo G, Guzzi R, Strangi G. The interaction of tryptophan enantiomers with model membranes is modulated by polar head type and physical state of phospholipids. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 224:113216. [PMID: 36848783 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The mutual influence of chiral bioactive molecules and supramolecular assemblies is currently being studied in many research fields, including medical-pharmaceutical applications. Model membranes of phospholipids, such as the zwitterionic dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and the anionic dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol (DPPG), interact with a variety of chiral compounds that include amino acids. In this work, the interaction of tryptophan enantiomers, L-Trp and D-Trp, on DPPC and DPPG bilayers was investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared and spin-label electron spin resonance spectroscopies as well as molecular docking simulations. The results show that Trp enantiomers slightly perturb the bilayer thermotropic phase transitions. For both membranes, O atoms in the carbonyl groups have a propensity to act as acceptors of a (weak) hydrogen bond. The Trp chiral forms also promote formation of hydrogen bonds and/or hydration in the PO2- moiety of the phosphate group, especially for the DPPC bilayer. In contrast, they interact more closely with the glycerol group of DPPG polar head. Only for DPPC bilayers, both enantiomers increase the packing of the first hydrocarbon chain segments for temperatures through the gel state, whereas they do not affect the lipid chain order and mobility in the fluid state. The results are consistent with a Trp association in the upper region of the bilayers without permeation in the innermost hydrophobic region. The findings suggest that neutral and anionic lipid bilayers are differently sensitive to amino acid chirality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Guglielmelli
- Department of Physics, NLHT Lab., University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, SS Rende (CS), 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Rosa Bartucci
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
| | - Bruno Rizzuti
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, SS Rende (CS), 87036 Rende, Italy; Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Unit GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Giovanna Palermo
- Department of Physics, NLHT Lab., University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, SS Rende (CS), 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Rita Guzzi
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, SS Rende (CS), 87036 Rende, Italy; Department of Physics, Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Strangi
- Department of Physics, NLHT Lab., University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, SS Rende (CS), 87036 Rende, Italy; Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 2076 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Takase H, Suga K, Matsune H, Umakoshi H, Shiomori K. Preferential adsorption of L-tryptophan by L-phospholipid coated porous polymer particles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 216:112535. [PMID: 35594752 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chiral selective adsorption of L-amino acid, tryptophan (Trp) was achieved using phospholipid membrane-coated porous polymer particles (PPPs). PPPs with numerous pores were prepared by in situ polymerization of divinylbenzene, and then coated with 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC, L-phospholipid) via the impregnation method. Elemental mapping of energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis revealed that DPPC molecules were distributed to the surface and the inner part of PPPs, where almost all the DPPC molecules applied for impregnation were deposited on PPPs. The phospholipid membrane properties of DPPC-PPPs were characterized using the fluorescence probe 6-lauroyl-2-dimethylaminonaphthalene (Laurdan). The results show that DPPC-PPPs possessed a lipid membrane-like environment similar to pure DPPC liposomes, especially at temperatures below 35 °C. DPPC-PPPs slightly adsorbed L-Trp and D-Trp at 45 °C, while DPPC-PPPs significantly adsorbed L-Trp but not D-Trp at 30 °C: enantio excess (e.e.) was 75.0%. The time course of Trp adsorption was investigated: for both enantiomers, similar adsorption behaviors were observed for 30 h, thus suggesting surface adsorption onto DPPC-PPPs. L-Trp adsorption continued after 30 h, suggesting that L-Trp could be distributed in the inner part of DPPC-PPPs. Interestingly, the reused DPPC-PPPs featured improved adsorption performance, suggesting that the deposited DPPC membranes on PPPs could act as chiral selectors for L-Trp. The optical resolution of L-/D-Trp was performed using DPPC-PPPs, resulting in the e.e. of D-Trp was > 60%. Thus, DPPC-PPPs have the potential of chiral selective adsorption of L-amino acid, which can be used as chiral separation materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Takase
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Keishi Suga
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan; Department of Chemical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aoba, Aramaki-aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Hideki Matsune
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 899-2192, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Umakoshi
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Shiomori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 899-2192, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Aryal P, Syed I, Lee J, Patel R, Nelson AT, Siegel D, Saghatelian A, Kahn BB. Distinct biological activities of isomers from several families of branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs). J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100108. [PMID: 34418413 PMCID: PMC8479484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are endogenous lipids with antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Each FAHFA family consists of esters with different acyl chains and multiple isomers with branch points at different carbons. Some FAHFAs, including palmitic acid hydroxy stearic acids (PAHSAs), improve insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in mice by enhancing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), insulin-stimulated glucose transport, and insulin action to suppress hepatic glucose production and reducing adipose tissue inflammation. However, little is known about the biological effects of other FAHFAs. Here, we investigated whether PAHSAs, oleic acid hydroxy stearic acid, palmitoleic acid hydroxy stearic acid, and stearic acid hydroxy stearic acid potentiate GSIS in β-cells and human islets, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes, and anti-inflammatory effects in immune cells. We also investigated whether they activate G protein-coupled receptor 40, which mediates the effects of PAHSAs on insulin secretion and sensitivity in vivo. We show that many FAHFAs potentiate GSIS, activate G protein-coupled receptor 40, and attenuate LPS-induced chemokine and cytokine expression and secretion and phagocytosis in immune cells. However, fewer FAHFAs augment insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes. S-9-PAHSA, but not R-9-PAHSA, potentiated GSIS and glucose uptake, while both stereoisomers had anti-inflammatory effects. FAHFAs containing unsaturated acyl chains with higher branching from the carboxylate head group are more likely to potentiate GSIS, whereas FAHFAs with lower branching are more likely to be anti-inflammatory. This study provides insight into the specificity of the biological actions of different FAHFAs and could lead to the development of FAHFAs to treat metabolic and immune-mediated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Aryal
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ismail Syed
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rucha Patel
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew T Nelson
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Dionicio Siegel
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Alan Saghatelian
- Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Barbara B Kahn
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Freitas de Lima F, da Silva BB, Oliveira JD, de Moura LD, Rodrigues da Silva GH, Fernandes PCL, Souza RIC, Dos Santos AC, de Paula E. Prolonged anesthesia and decreased toxicity of enantiomeric-excess bupivacaine loaded in ionic gradient liposomes. Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120944. [PMID: 34324985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bupivacaine is the most employed local anesthetic in surgical procedures, worldwide. Its systemic toxicity has directed the synthesis of the less toxic, S(-) enantiomer. This work describes a formulation of ionic gradient liposomes (IGL) containing S75BVC, an enantiomeric excess mixture of 75% S(-) and 25% R(+) bupivacaine. IGL prepared with 250 mM (NH4)2SO4 in the inner aqueous core of phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol (3:2 mol%) vesicles plus 0.5% S75BVC showed average sizes of 312.5 ± 4.5 nm, low polydispersity (PDI < 0.18), negative zeta potentials (-14.2 ± 0.2 mV) and were stable for 360 days. The encapsulation efficiency achieved with IGLS75BVC (%EE = 38.6%) was higher than with IGL prepared with racemic bupivacaine (IGLRBVC, %EE = 28.3%). TEM images revealed spherical vesicles and µDSC analysis provided evidence on the interaction of the anesthetic with the lipid bilayer. Then, in vitro - release kinetics and cytotoxicity- and in vivo - toxic effects in Zebrafish and biochemical/histopathological analysis plus analgesia in Wistar rats - tests were performed. IGLS75BVC exhibited negligible toxicity against Schwann cells and Zebrafish larvae, and it did not affect biochemical markers or the morphology of rat tissues (heart, brain, cerebellum, sciatic nerve). The in vitro release of S75BVC from IGL was extended from 4 to 24 h, justifying the prolonged anesthetic effect measured in rats (~9 h). The advantages of IGLS75BVC formulation over IGLRBVC and plain bupivacaine formulations (prolonged anesthesia, preferential sensorial blockade, and no toxicity) confirm its potential for clinical use in surgical anesthesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Freitas de Lima
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bianca Brandão da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Juliana Damasceno Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ludmilla David de Moura
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Eneida de Paula
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Martin HS, Podolsky KA, Devaraj NK. Probing the Role of Chirality in Phospholipid Membranes. Chembiochem 2021; 22:3148-3157. [PMID: 34227722 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotides, amino acids, sugars, and lipids are almost ubiquitously homochiral within individual cells on Earth. While oligonucleotides and proteins exist as one natural chirality throughout the tree of life, two stereoisomers of phospholipids have separately emerged in archaea and bacteria, an evolutionary divergence known as "the lipid divide". Within this review, we focus on the emergence of phospholipid homochirality and compare the stability of synthetic homochiral and heterochiral membranes in vitro. We discuss chemical probes designed to study the stereospecific interactions of lipid membranes in vitro. Overall, we aim to highlight studies that help elucidate the determinants of stereospecific interactions between lipids, peptides, and small molecule ligands. Continued work in understanding the drivers of favorable interactions between chiral molecules and biological membranes will lead to the design of increasingly selective chemical tools for bioorthogonal labeling of lipid membranes and safer membrane-associating pharmaceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah S Martin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kira A Podolsky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Neal K Devaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chirality-Dependent Adsorption between Amphipathic Peptide and POPC Membrane. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194760. [PMID: 31557910 PMCID: PMC6801444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactions between chiral molecules and cell membranes have attracted more and more attention in recent decades, due to their importance in molecular science and medical applications. It is observed that some peptides composed of different chiral amino acids may have distinct interactions with a membrane. How does the membrane exhibit a selective behavior related to the chirality of the peptides? Microscopically, the interactions between the peptides and the membrane are poorly understood. In this work, we study the interactions between an amphipathic peptide (C6) and POPC membrane with simulations. The kinetics and thermodynamics of peptide enantiomers during the adsorption to the membrane are characterized with direct simulations and umbrella sampling. It is observed that there are slow kinetics for the peptide composed of D-type amino acids. Along the observed pathways, the free energy landscapes are determined with umbrella sampling techniques. A free-energy barrier for the peptide composed of D-amino acids is observed, which is consistent with the kinetic observations. The results indicate the concurrent adsorption and rotation of the peptide helix. The local interactions between the peptides and the membrane are examined in detail, including the contact interactions between the peptides and the membrane, and the distributions of the lipids around the peptide. There are observable differences of the local interactions for the cases related to different peptide enantiomers. These results further demonstrate the importance of the rotation of peptide helix during the adsorption. More interestingly, all these kinetic differences between peptide enantiomers can be explained based on the conformations of the residue Trp and interactions between Trp and lipid molecules. These results give us a molecular understanding of the mechanism of the chirality-dependent peptide-membrane interactions, and may provide clues to designing systems which are sensitive to the chirality of membranes.
Collapse
|
8
|
Czyzyk DJ, Valhondo M, Jorgensen WL, Anderson KS. Understanding the structural basis of species selective, stereospecific inhibition for Cryptosporidium and human thymidylate synthase. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:2069-2078. [PMID: 31172516 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Thymidylate synthase (TS), found in all organisms, is an essential enzyme responsible for the de novo synthesis of deoxythymidine monophosphate. The TS active sites of the protozoal parasite Cryptosporidium hominis and human are relatively conserved. Evaluation of antifolate compound 1 and its R-enantiomer 2 against both enzymes reveals divergent inhibitor selectivity and enzyme stereospecificity. To establish how C. hominis and human TS (ChTS and hTS) selectively discriminate 1 and 2, respectively, we determined crystal structures of ChTS complexed with 2 and hTS complexed with 1 or 2. Coupled with the previously determined structure of ChTS complexed with 1, we discuss a possible mechanism for enzyme stereospecificity and inhibitor selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Czyzyk
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Karen S Anderson
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhu B, Yao Y, Deng M, Jiang Z, Li Q. Enantioselective separation of twelve pairs of enantiomers on polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases and thermodynamic analysis of separation mechanism. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:2398-2405. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Zhu
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
| | - Yaqi Yao
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
| | - Miaoduo Deng
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
| | - Zhen Jiang
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Discrimination of Stereoisomers by Their Enantioselective Interactions with Chiral Cholesterol-Containing Membranes. Molecules 2017; 23:molecules23010049. [PMID: 29295605 PMCID: PMC5943951 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Discrimination between enantiomers is an important subject in medicinal and biological chemistry because they exhibit markedly different bioactivity and toxicity. Although stereoisomers should vary in the mechanistic interactions with chiral targets, their discrimination associated with the mode of action on membrane lipids is scarce. The aim of this study is to reveal whether enantiomers selectively act on chiral lipid membranes. Different classes of stereoisomers were subjected at 5–200 μM to reactions with biomimetic phospholipid membranes containing ~40 mol % cholesterol to endow the lipid bilayers with chirality and their membrane interactions were comparatively evaluated by measuring fluorescence polarization. All of the tested compounds interacted with cholesterol-containing membranes to modify their physicochemical property with different potencies between enantiomers, correlating to those of their experimental and clinical effects. The rank order of membrane interactivity was reversed by changing cholesterol to C3-epimeric α-cholesterol. The same selectivity was also obtained from membranes prepared with 5α-cholestan-3β-ol and 5β-cholestan-3α-ol diastereomers. The opposite configuration allows molecules to interact with chiral sterol-containing membranes enantioselectively, and the specific β configuration of cholesterol’s 3-hydroxyl group is responsible for such selectivity. The enantioselective membrane interaction has medicinal implications for the characterization of the stereostructures with higher bioactivity and lower toxicity.
Collapse
|
11
|
Hurtado C, Domínguez C, Pérez-Babace L, Cañameras N, Comas J, Bayona JM. Estimate of uptake and translocation of emerging organic contaminants from irrigation water concentration in lettuce grown under controlled conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 305:139-148. [PMID: 26651071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The widespread distribution of emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) in the water cycle can lead to their incorporation in irrigated crops, posing a potential risk for human consumption. To gain further insight into the processes controlling the uptake of organic microcontaminants, Batavia lettuce (Lactuca sativa) grown under controlled conditions was watered with EOCs (e.g., non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, sulfonamides, β-blockers, phenolic estrogens, anticonvulsants, stimulants, polycyclic musks, biocides) at different concentrations (0-40μgL(-1)). Linear correlations were obtained between the EOC concentrations in the roots and leaves and the watering concentrations for most of the contaminants investigated. However, large differences were found in the root concentration factors ( [Formula: see text] =0.27-733) and leaf translocation concentration factors ( [Formula: see text] =0-3) depending on the persistence of the target contaminants in the rhizosphere and the specific physicochemical properties of each one. With the obtained dataset, a simple predictive model based on a linear regression and the root bioconcentration and translocation factors can be used to estimate the concentration of the target EOCs in leaves based on the dose supplied in the irrigation water or the soil concentration. Finally, enantiomeric fractionation of racemic ibuprofen from the initial spiking mixture suggests that biodegradation mainly occurs in the rhizosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Hurtado
- Environmental Chemistry Department, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Domínguez
- Environmental Chemistry Department, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorea Pérez-Babace
- Environmental Chemistry Department, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Cañameras
- Department of Agri-Food Engineering and Biotechnology DEAB-UPC, Esteve Terrades 8, Building 4, E-08860 Castelldefels, Spain
| | - Jordi Comas
- Department of Agri-Food Engineering and Biotechnology DEAB-UPC, Esteve Terrades 8, Building 4, E-08860 Castelldefels, Spain
| | - Josep M Bayona
- Environmental Chemistry Department, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Krasulova K, Siller M, Holas O, Dvorak Z, Anzenbacher P. Enantiospecific effects of chiral drugs on cytochrome P450 inhibition in vitro. Xenobiotica 2015; 46:315-24. [PMID: 26338061 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1076086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of this work was to examine the differences in the inhibitory potency of individual enantiomers and racemic mixtures of selected chiral drugs on human liver microsomal cytochromes P450. 2. The interaction of enantiomeric forms of six drugs (tamsulosin, tolterodine, citalopram, modafinil, zopiclone, ketoconazole) with nine cytochromes P450 (CYP3A4, CYP2E1, CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP2C8, CYP2B6, CYP2A6, CYP1A2) was examined. HPLC methods were used to estimate the extent of the inhibition of specific activity in vitro. 3. Tamsulosin (TAM) and tolterodine (TOL) inhibited CYP3A4 activity with an enantiospecific pattern. The inhibition of CYP3A4 activity differed for R-TAM (Ki 2.88 ± 0.12 µM) and S-TAM (Ki 14.22 ± 0.53 µM) as well as for S-TOL (Ki 1.71 ± 0.03 µM) and R-TOL (Ki 4.78 ± 0.17 µM). Also, the inhibition of CYP2C19 by ketoconazole (KET) cis-enantiomers exhibited enantioselective behavior: the (+)-KET (IC50 23.64 ± 6.25 µM) was more potent than (-)-KET (IC50 66.12 ± 12.6 µM). The inhibition of CYP2C19 by modafinil (MOD) enantiomers (R-MOD IC50 = 51.79 ± 8.58 µM, S-MOD IC50 = 48.62 ± 9.74 µM) and the inhibition of CYP2D6 by citalopram (CIT) enantiomers (R-CIT IC50 = 68.17 ± 5.70 µM, S-CIT IC50 = 62.63 ± 7.89 µM) was not enantiospecific. 4. Although enantiospecific interactions were found (TAM, TOL, KET), they are probably not clinically relevant as the plasma levels are generally lower than the drug concentration needed for prominent inhibition (at least 50% of CYP activity).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristyna Krasulova
- a Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , Palacky University , Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Michal Siller
- a Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , Palacky University , Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Holas
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove , Charles University in Prague , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic , and
| | - Zdenek Dvorak
- c Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science , Palacky University , Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Anzenbacher
- a Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , Palacky University , Olomouc , Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Effects of neurosteroids on a model membrane including cholesterol: A micropipette aspiration study. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1848:1268-76. [PMID: 25660752 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic molecules supposed to affect membrane protein activity could strongly interact also with the lipid component of the membrane itself. Neurosteroids are amphiphilic molecules that bind to plasma membrane receptors of cells in the central nervous system but their effect on membrane is still under debate. For this reason it is interesting to investigate their effects on pure lipid bilayers as model systems. Using the micropipette aspiration technique (MAT), here we studied the effects of a neurosteroid, allopregnanolone (3α,5α-tetrahydroprogesterone or Allo) and of one of its isoforms, isoallopregnanolone (3β,5α-tetrahydroprogesterone or isoAllo), on the physical properties of pure lipid bilayers composed by DOPC/bSM/chol. Allo is a well-known positive allosteric modulator of GABAA receptor activity while isoAllo acts as a non-competitive functional antagonist of Allo modulation. We found that Allo, when applied at nanomolar concentrations (50-200 nM) to a lipid bilayer model system including cholesterol, induces an increase of the lipid bilayer area and a decrease of the mechanical parameters. Conversely, isoAllo, decreases the lipid bilayer area and, when applied, at the same nanomolar concentrations, it does not affect significantly its mechanical parameters. We characterized the kinetics of Allo uptake by the lipid bilayer and we also discussed its aspects in relation to the slow kinetics of Allo gating effects on GABAA receptors. The overall results presented here show that a correlation exists between the modulation of Allo and isoAllo of GABAA receptor activity and their effects on a lipid bilayer model system containing cholesterol.
Collapse
|
14
|
Geryk R, Kalíková K, Vozka J, Plecitá D, Schmid MG, Tesařová E. Enantioselective potential of chiral stationary phases based on immobilized polysaccharides in reversed phase mode. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1363:155-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
15
|
Interaction of local anesthetics with biomembranes consisting of phospholipids and cholesterol: mechanistic and clinical implications for anesthetic and cardiotoxic effects. Anesthesiol Res Pract 2013; 2013:297141. [PMID: 24174934 PMCID: PMC3794646 DOI: 10.1155/2013/297141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite a long history in medical and dental application, the molecular mechanism and precise site of action are still arguable for local anesthetics. Their effects are considered to be induced by acting on functional proteins, on membrane lipids, or on both. Local anesthetics primarily interact with sodium channels embedded in cell membranes to reduce the excitability of nerve cells and cardiomyocytes or produce a malfunction of the cardiovascular system. However, the membrane protein-interacting theory cannot explain all of the pharmacological and toxicological features of local anesthetics. The administered drug molecules must diffuse through the lipid barriers of nerve sheaths and penetrate into or across the lipid bilayers of cell membranes to reach the acting site on transmembrane proteins. Amphiphilic local anesthetics interact hydrophobically and electrostatically with lipid bilayers and modify their physicochemical property, with the direct inhibition of membrane functions, and with the resultant alteration of the membrane lipid environments surrounding transmembrane proteins and the subsequent protein conformational change, leading to the inhibition of channel functions. We review recent studies on the interaction of local anesthetics with biomembranes consisting of phospholipids and cholesterol. Understanding the membrane interactivity of local anesthetics would provide novel insights into their anesthetic and cardiotoxic effects.
Collapse
|