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Wei K, Lin S, Yang J, Li C. Dietary Habits and Depression in Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Moderating Role of Physical Exercise. Nutrients 2024; 16:740. [PMID: 38474868 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy diets and physical exercise, two modifiable lifestyle factors, are protective against depression in older adults. This study aimed to investigate whether physical exercise may influence the associations of dietary habits with depression in Chinese community-dwelling older adults. METHODS In the 2018 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, 12,708 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years were included for analyses. Older adults' dietary habits (including daily intake of food components such as fruits, vegetables, animal oil, and so on) and physical exercise were assessed. Depression was evaluated via the 10 item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D-10) scale. The influences of physical exercise on the associations of dietary habits with depression were estimated using logistic regression models adjusted for confounders. RESULTS Older adults who took physical exercise had a significantly decreased probability of depression (adjusted OR = 0.73, p < 0.001). As for dietary habits, the intake of fruits, vegetables, eggs, nut products, mushrooms or algae, and vitamins were inversely associated with the prevalence of depression (adjusted ORs = 0.61-0.81; p-values: from <0.001 to 0.025), while animal oil was positively associated with it (adjusted OR = 1.52, p < 0.001). When stratified by physical exercise, older adults who ate fruits or vegetables had consistent decreased risk of depression, no matter whether they took physical exercise or not (adjusted ORs = 0.52-0.70), while the intake of eggs, nut products, and vitamins were inversely associated, and animal oil was consistently positively associated with depression only in older adults who did not take physical exercise (adjusted ORs = 0.79, 0.68, 0.63, and 1.67, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Physical exercise may conceal the potential protective effects of some healthy dietary habits in terms of depression and counteract the detrimental effects of the unhealthy habits. Some dietary habits may be considered as alternative protective measures for depression in community-dwelling older adults when physical exercise cannot be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Shaohui Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Junjie Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Chunbo Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
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2
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Constantin DA, Monescu V, Cioriceanu IH, Leaşu FG, Rogozea LM. Can Medication be a Factor that Can Negatively Affect the Effect of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Depression? Am J Ther 2024; 31:e30-e38. [PMID: 38231579 DOI: 10.1097/mjt.0000000000001700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in patients with depression and whether concurrent psychotropic medication use negatively affects the treatment outcome of TMS. Patients' characteristics, predictors of treatment response, the relationship between demographics, and the selection of TMS as a treatment modality were also analyzed. STUDY QUESTION Can psychotropic medication be a factor that can negatively affect the efficacy of TMS in patients with depression? STUDY DESIGN This pilot-controlled study included 40 subjects from Romanian clinical practice who were treated with pharmacological treatment and TMS for major depressive disorder. The severity of depression and anxiety symptoms was measured using validated scales at baseline (day 1) and follow-up (day 30). DATA SOURCES All patients' characteristics and information were collected manually from the clinic's medical records, deidentified, and then introduced into an electronic database for analysis. LIMITATIONS Conducting the study in a clinical routine practice, it was not possible to include an active and/or sham control group. In addition, because TMS is not used as a monotherapy in this type of practice, we could not evaluate its safety and efficacy without concomitant pharmacological treatment. The study sample is small; therefore, the results cannot be generalized. RESULTS Sixty percentage of patients (n = 24) included in this study obtained a clinical response, and 30% of patients (n = 12) obtained remission of depression. The group with pharmacological treatment obtained clinical responses in 80% of patients (n = 16) and remission of depression in 45% of patients (n = 9). The group with pharmacological treatment and TMS obtained clinical responses in 40% of patients (n = 8) and remission of depression in 15% (n = 3) of cases. CONCLUSIONS The study results show a lack of efficacy for TMS as an adjunctive therapy to pharmacological treatment for patients with depression. In addition, a negative impact of psychotropic medication on TMS efficacy is observed in our study sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan A Constantin
- Basic, Preventive and Clinical Sciences Department, Transilvania University, Brasov, Romania; and
| | - Vlad Monescu
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Transilvania University, Brasov, Romania
| | - Ionut H Cioriceanu
- Basic, Preventive and Clinical Sciences Department, Transilvania University, Brasov, Romania; and
| | - Florin Gabriel Leaşu
- Basic, Preventive and Clinical Sciences Department, Transilvania University, Brasov, Romania; and
| | - Liliana M Rogozea
- Basic, Preventive and Clinical Sciences Department, Transilvania University, Brasov, Romania; and
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Ren J, Xiao H. Exercise for Mental Well-Being: Exploring Neurobiological Advances and Intervention Effects in Depression. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1505. [PMID: 37511879 PMCID: PMC10381534 DOI: 10.3390/life13071505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common mental disorder in which patients often experience feelings of sadness, fatigue, loss of interest, and pleasure. Exercise is a widely used intervention for managing depression, but the specific molecular mechanisms underlying its antidepressant effect are unclear. In this narrative review, we aim to synthesize current knowledge on the molecular, neural, and physiological mechanisms through which exercise exerts its antidepressant effect and discuss the various exercise interventions used for managing depression. We conducted a narrative review of the literature on the topic of exercise and depression. Our review suggests that exercise impacts peripheral tryptophan metabolism, central inflammation, and brain-derived neurotrophic factors through the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ activating factor 1α (PGC-1α) in skeletal muscles. The uncarboxylated osteocalcin facilitates "bone-brain crosstalk", and exercise corrects atypical expression of brain-gut peptides, modulates cytokine production and neurotransmitter release, and regulates inflammatory pathways and microRNA expression. Aerobic exercise is recommended at frequencies of 3 to 5 times per week with medium to high intensity. Here we highlight the significant potential of exercise therapy in managing depression, supported by the molecular, neural, and physiological mechanisms underlying its antidepressant effect. Understanding the molecular pathways and neural mechanisms involved in exercise's antidepressant effect opens new avenues for developing novel therapies for managing depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchang Ren
- Institute of Sport and Health, Guangdong Provincial Kay Laboratory of Development and Education for Special Needs Children, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524037, China
| | - Haili Xiao
- Institute of Sport and Health, Guangdong Provincial Kay Laboratory of Development and Education for Special Needs Children, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524037, China
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Garcia-Toro M, Aguilar-Latorre A, Garcia A, Navarro-Guzmán C, Gervilla E, Seguí A, Gazquez F, Marino JA, Gomez-Juanes R, Serrano-Ripoll MJ, Oliván-Blázquez B, Garcia-Campayo J, Maloney S, Montero-Marin J. Mindfulness skills and experiential avoidance as therapeutic mechanisms for treatment-resistant depression through mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and lifestyle modification. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1008891. [PMID: 36968708 PMCID: PMC10033944 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1008891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/objectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic and consequent physical distancing has made it difficult to provide care for those with Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD). As a secondary analysis of a clinical trial, the aim of this study was to explore potential mechanisms through which three online-delivered approaches, added to treatment as usual, improve depressive symptoms in TRD patients.MethodsThe three approaches included (a) Minimal Lifestyle Intervention (MLI), (b) Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), and (c) Lifestyle Modification Program (LMP). Sixty-six participants with TRD completed assessments pre-post intervention (mindfulness skills [FFMQ]; self-compassion [SCS]; and experiential avoidance [AAQ-II]) and pre-intervention to follow-up (depressive symptoms [BDI-II]). Data were analyzed using within-subjects regression models to test mediation.ResultsMindfulness skills mediated the effect of MBCT on depressive symptoms (ab = −4.69, 95% CI = −12.93 to−0.32), whereas the lack of experiential avoidance mediated the effect of LMP on depressive symptoms (ab = −3.22, 95% CI = −7.03 to−0.14).ConclusionStrengthening mindfulness skills and decreasing experiential avoidance may promote recovery in patients with TRD, MBCT, and LMP have demonstrated that they may help increase mindfulness skills and decrease experiential avoidance, respectively. Future work will need to unpick the components of these interventions to help isolate active ingredients and increase optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Garcia-Toro
- University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Aguilar-Latorre
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- *Correspondence: Alejandra Aguilar-Latorre,
| | - Aurora Garcia
- University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | | | - Elena Gervilla
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
| | - Andrea Seguí
- University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Francisco Gazquez
- University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Marino
- University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Rocío Gomez-Juanes
- University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - María J. Serrano-Ripoll
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Primary Care Research Unit of Mallorca, Balearic Islands Health Services, Palma, Spain
| | - Bárbara Oliván-Blázquez
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Javier Garcia-Campayo
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Shannon Maloney
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jesús Montero-Marin
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Teaching, Research and Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Balanzá-Martínez V, Cervera-Martínez J. Lifestyle Prescription for Depression with a Focus on Nature Exposure and Screen Time: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095094. [PMID: 35564489 PMCID: PMC9104582 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Recent lifestyles changes have favored increased time in contact with screens and a parallel reduction in contact with natural environments. There is growing awareness that nature exposure and screen time are related to depression. So far, the roles of how these environmental lifestyles affect depressive symptoms and disorders have not been reviewed simultaneously. The aim of this review was to gather the literature regarding the role of nature exposure and screen time in depression. An emphasis was made on clinical samples of patients with well-defined depression and the different methodological approaches used in the field. A second goal was to suggest an agenda for clinical practice and research. Studies were included if they assessed depressive symptoms in patients with a clinical diagnosis of depression. An overview of the published literature was conducted using three scientific databases up to December 2021. Several interventions involving nature exposure have shown positive effects on depressive symptoms and mood-related measures. The most consistent finding suggests that walks in natural environments may decrease depressive symptoms in patients with clinical depression. Less researched interventions, such as psychotherapy delivered in a forest or access to natural environments via virtual reality, may also be effective. In contrast, fewer observational studies and no experimental research on screen time have been conducted in patients with clinical depression. Thus, recommendations for practice and research are also discussed. Scarce research, diverse interventions, and several methodological shortcomings prevent us from drawing conclusions in this area. More high-quality experimental research is needed to establish interventions with proven efficacy in clinical depression. At this stage, it is too early to formulate practice guidelines and advise the prescription of these lifestyles to individuals with depression. The present findings may serve as a basis to develop strategies based on nature exposure and screen time targeting clinical depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicent Balanzá-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Teaching Unit of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963-983-349
| | - Jose Cervera-Martínez
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Hospital de Denia-Marina Salud, 03700 Denia, Spain
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Owens M, Bunce HLI. The Potential for Outdoor Nature-Based Interventions in the Treatment and Prevention of Depression. Front Psychol 2022; 13:740210. [PMID: 35401311 PMCID: PMC8984301 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.740210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in nature-based interventions (NBI) to improve human health and wellbeing. An important nascent area is exploring the potential of outdoor therapies to treat and prevent common mental health problems like depression. In this conceptual analysis on the nature-depression nexus, we distil some of the main issues for consideration when NBIs for depression are being developed. We argue that understanding the mechanisms, or 'active ingredients' in NBIs is crucial to understand what works and for whom. Successfully identifying modifiable mediating intervention targets will pave the way for interventions with increased efficacy. We highlight a non-exhaustive list of five clinically relevant putative, candidate mechanisms which may underly the beneficial effects of NBIs on depression: stress, rumination, mindfulness, sleep and exercise. We also make the case that when developing NBIs it is important to not neglect young people, explore personalised approaches and focus on both treatment and prevention approaches. To achieve these aims methodologically rigorous programmes of clinical research are needed that include well-powered and controlled experimental designs including randomised controlled trials, qualitative research, longitudinal studies and large prospective cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Owens
- Department of Psychology, The Mood Disorders Centre, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah L. I. Bunce
- CEDAR, University of Exeter and Somerset Foundation Trust NHS, Taunton, United Kingdom
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7
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Zeng YY, Long A, Chiang CY, Chiu NM, Sun FK. Exploring the meaning of life from the perspective of patients with depression: A phenomenological study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2021; 35:427-433. [PMID: 34561055 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the perceptions of meaning of life for patients with depression. A qualitative phenomenology approach was used. Patients with depression (n = 20) were recruited until data saturation occurred. Findings revealed four themes all related to their value of: (1) accepting depression; (2) appreciating work (paid and non-paid); (3) embodying love and taking on responsibilities; (4) receiving spiritual comfort. Healthcare professionals could facilitate patients with depression to explore their meaning of life while enduring and transforming the emotional pain that accompanies depression, hence, perhaps, decreasing their suicidal ideations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yun Zeng
- Minimally Vascular and Endovascular Intervention Cencer, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan, No. 66, Sec. 2, Changhe Rd., Annan Dist., Tainan City 709, Taiwan
| | - Ann Long
- School of Nursing, Ulster University, 41, North Parade, Ormeau Road, Belfast BT 72GH, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Chun-Ying Chiang
- Department of Nursing, I-Shou University, No. 8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Nien-Mu Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No.1 23, Dapi Rd., Niaosong District, Kaohsiung City 83301, Taiwan.
| | - Fan-Ko Sun
- Department of Nursing, I-Shou University, No. 8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan.
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Fusar-Poli L, Gabbiadini A, Ciancio A, Vozza L, Signorelli MS, Aguglia E. The effect of cocoa-rich products on depression, anxiety, and mood: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:7905-7916. [PMID: 33970709 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1920570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In the popular imaginary, cocoa-derived products, like chocolate, represent a panacea for mood and affectivity. However, whether this is a myth or a fact has yet to be clarified. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines to investigate the effect of cocoa-derived food on depressive and anxiety symptoms, positive and negative affect. We searched Web of KnowledgeTM and PsycINFO up to April 3, 2020. After screening 761 records, we selected nine studies. Two trials evaluated the long-term effects of cocoa consumption (>1 week), two studies the short-term effects (3 days), while five studies were conducted in acute (single administration). Random-effects meta-analyses found an overall significant effect of cocoa-rich products on depressive (Hedge's g = -0.42, 95% CI -0.67 to -0.17) and anxiety symptoms (Hedge's g = -0.49, 95% CI -0.78 to -0.19). Moreover, both positive (Hedge's g = 0.41, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.77) and negative affect (Hedge's g = -0.47, 95% CI -0.91 to -0.03) significantly improved. In all meta-analyses, the effect size was medium, while heterogeneity was low. Our findings suggest that the consumption of cocoa-rich products may improve affect and mood in the short term. However, given the short duration of trials, our results cannot be generalized to long-term intake of cocoa-derived food. Cautious interpretation is also needed due to the low number of participants and studies included in the meta-analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Fusar-Poli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alberto Gabbiadini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessia Ciancio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Vozza
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Salvina Signorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Eugenio Aguglia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Pageau F, Cornaz CD, Gothuey I, Seaward H, Wangmo T, Elger BS. Prison Unhealthy Lifestyle and Poor Mental Health of Older Persons-A Qualitative Study. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:690291. [PMID: 34867505 PMCID: PMC8639530 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.690291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mental healthcare and lifestyle habits in prison, especially for older individuals, has been shown to be suboptimal. Most psychiatric conditions left untreated worsen food choices, physical inactivity, and substance abuse. In turn, bad habits lead to poorer mental health. Methods: To comprehensively illustrate this downward spiraling, we completed a thorough analysis of data obtained through semi-structured qualitative interviews. There were 50 interviews of aging incarcerated people included in this article. They were analyzed following a classical six-stepped thematic analysis. Results: According to our participants, sports are not well-adapted to aging individuals, nor to people with medical conditions. Prison is even more unadapted for those who both are aging and have medical conditions. Also, food served is less than optimal. According to our interviews, the older imprisoned individual often does not have access to food adapted to his or her medical conditions. Sport is maladapted for older incarcerated individuals and mostly tailored for younger ones. Finally, boredom and lack of responsibility hinder change toward a better lifestyle for older adults in prison. Conclusion: Our paper shows why prison environmental modifications are needed to help older adults with their lifestyle habits. It also exposes an original way to see the relationship between mental health and lifestyle habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Pageau
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Corinne Devaud Cornaz
- Unit of Health Law and Humanitarian Medicine, Center for Legal Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Gothuey
- Unit of Health Law and Humanitarian Medicine, Center for Legal Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Helene Seaward
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tenzin Wangmo
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bernice S Elger
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Unit of Health Law and Humanitarian Medicine, Center for Legal Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Owens M, Watkins E, Bot M, Brouwer IA, Roca M, Kohls E, Penninx BWJH, Grootheest G, Hegerl U, Gili M, Visser M. Nutrition and depression: Summary of findings from the EU‐funded MooDFOOD depression prevention randomised controlled trial and a critical review of the literature. NUTR BULL 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Owens
- Department of Psychology University of Exeter Exeter UK
| | - E. Watkins
- Department of Psychology University of Exeter Exeter UK
| | - M. Bot
- Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute GGZ in Geest Specialized Mental Health Care Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - I. A. Brouwer
- Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Science Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - M. Roca
- Institut Universitari d’ Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS/IDISBA) Rediapp University of Balearic Islands Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - E. Kohls
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Medical Faculty University Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - B. W. J. H. Penninx
- Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute GGZ in Geest Specialized Mental Health Care Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - G. Grootheest
- Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute GGZ in Geest Specialized Mental Health Care Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - U. Hegerl
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy Goethe‐University Frankfurt Germany
| | - M. Gili
- Institut Universitari d’ Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS/IDISBA) Rediapp University of Balearic Islands Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - M. Visser
- Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Science Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
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Lopresti AL, Smith SJ, Metse AP, Foster T, Drummond PD. The Feasibility and Efficacy of a Brief Integrative Treatment for Adults With Depression and/or Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Evid Based Integr Med 2020; 25:2515690X20937997. [PMID: 32638615 PMCID: PMC7359645 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x20937997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and suitability of a brief integrative intervention, Personalized Integrative Therapy (PI Therapy), for the treatment of adult depression and/or anxiety. In this 6-week, 3-arm, parallel-group, randomized trial, PI Therapy delivered alone or with nutritional supplements (PI Therapy + Supps) was compared to cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) in 48 adults with depression and/or anxiety. All treatments were delivered as a 1-day workshop plus 6 weeks of reminder phone text messages to reinforce topics and skills covered in the workshop. Affective symptoms decreased significantly and to the same extent in all 3 conditions. At the end of treatment, 33% to 58% of participants reported levels of depressive symptoms in the normal range, and 50% to 58% reported nonclinical levels of anxiety. Compared to CBT and PI Therapy, PI Therapy + Supps was associated with significantly greater improvements in sleep quality. These findings suggest that a brief integrative intervention with or without supplements was comparable to CBT in reducing affective symptoms in adults with depression and/or anxiety. However, sleep quality improved only in the PI Therapy + Supps condition. These findings will require replication with a larger cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian L Lopresti
- Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Clinical Research Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stephen J Smith
- Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Clinical Research Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Comparative effectiveness of three exercise types to treat clinical depression in older adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 58:100999. [PMID: 31837462 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have directly compared the effects of different exercise therapies on clinical depression in older adults. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis of current evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the effectiveness of three major exercise types (aerobic, resistance, and mind-body exercise) in clinically depressed older adults. METHODS We followed PRISMA-NMA guidelines and searched databases for eligible RCTs (inception - September 12th, 2019). RCTs were eligible if they included clinically depressed adults aged >65 years, implemented one or more exercise therapy arms using aerobic, resistance, or mind-body exercise, and assessed depressive symptoms at baseline and follow-up using a validated clinical questionnaire. RESULTS A network meta-analysis was performed on 15 eligible RCTs comprising 596 participants (321 treatment and 275 controls), including aerobic (n = 6), resistance (n = 5), and mind-body (n = 4) exercise trials. Compared with controls, mind-body exercise showed the largest improvement on depressive symptoms (g = -0.87 to -1.38), followed by aerobic exercise (g = -0.51 to -1.02), and resistance exercise (g = -0.41 to -0.92). Notably, there were no statistically significant differences between exercise types: aerobic versus resistance (g = -0.10, PrI = -2.23, 2.03), mind-body versus aerobic (g = -0.36, PrI = -2.69, 1.97), or mind-body versus resistance (g = -0.46, PrI = -2.75, 1.83). CONCLUSIONS These findings should guide optimal exercise prescription for allied health professionals and stakeholders in clinical geriatrics. Notably, clinically depressed older adults may be encouraged to self-select their preferred exercise type in order to achieve therapeutic benefit on symptoms of depression. In coalition with high levels of compliance, these data provide encouraging evidence for the antidepressant effect of either aerobic, resistance, or mind-body exercise as effective treatment adjucts for older adults presenting with clinical depression.
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