1
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Kozaili J, Rayfield W, Gospodarek A, Brower M, Strauss D. Adapting virus filtration to continuous processing: Effects of product and process variability on filtration performance. Biotechnol Prog 2024; 40:e3407. [PMID: 38146086 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Virus filtration (VF) is an important unit operation in the manufacture of biotherapeutics that provides robust removal of potential virus contaminants. Small virus removal can be impacted by the low operating pressures and potential depressurization events that are often associated with continuous operations where increased operational flexibility for higher loading at low flux and low pressure is required. In this study, we evaluated the impact of low flux (7 LMH) and pressure interruptions on minute virus of mice (MVM) removal. We used long-term filtrations conducted to a target throughput of 1000 L/m2 with four different monoclonal antibodies on small-scale hollow fiber virus filters with a hydrophilic modified polyvinylidene fluoride membrane. These conditions are certainly challenging for any VF operation and ensuring robust viral clearance under such conditions is critical to the design and implementation of continuous VF. Planova BioEX filters effectively removed MVM at 4 log or greater when run continuously for up to 6 days. Interestingly, pressure increases associated with filter fouling over the duration of long-term filtrations were shown to be reflective of load material variability and could be remediated by implementation of an inline prefilter. Pressure interruptions had minimal impact on overall MVM logarithmic reduction value. Effective virus removal was achieved with pressure increases being largely product-specific, which demonstrates the capability of the virus filter to remove virus independent of pressure increases that are expected to occur with increased protein load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Kozaili
- Asahi Kasei Bioprocess America, Inc., Glenview, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Mark Brower
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA
| | - Daniel Strauss
- Asahi Kasei Bioprocess America, Inc., Glenview, Illinois, USA
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2
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Suh D, Jin H, Park H, Lee C, Cho YH, Baek Y. Effect of protein fouling on filtrate flux and virus breakthrough behaviors during virus filtration process. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023. [PMID: 37144573 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Virus filtration process is used to ensure viral safety in the biopharmaceutical downstream processes with high virus removal capacity (i.e., >4 log10 ). However, it is still constrained by protein fouling, which results in reduced filtration capacity and possible virus breakthrough. This study investigated the effects of protein fouling on filtrate flux and virus breakthrough using commercial membranes that had different symmetricity, nominal pore size, and pore size gradients. Flux decay tendency due to protein fouling was influenced by hydrodynamic drag force and protein concentration. As the results of prediction with the classical fouling model, standard blocking was suitable for most virus filters. Undesired virus breakthrough was observed in the membranes having relatively a large pore diameter of the retentive region. The study found that elevated levels of protein solution reduced virus removal performance. However, the impact of prefouled membranes was minimal. These findings shed light on the factors that influence protein fouling during the virus filtration process of biopharmaceutical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwoo Suh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoeun Jin
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hosik Park
- Green Carbon Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Yuseong-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Changha Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoon Cho
- Green Carbon Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Yuseong-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngbin Baek
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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3
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Impact of virus filter pore size / morphology on virus retention behavior. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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4
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Suh D, Kim M, Lee C, Baek Y. Virus filtration in biopharmaceutical downstream processes: key factors and current limitations. SEPARATION & PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2022.2143379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongwoo Suh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process (ICP), Seoul National University (SNU), Gwanak-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Basic Science, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changha Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process (ICP), Seoul National University (SNU), Gwanak-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngbin Baek
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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5
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Effect of operating pressure on protein fouling during constant-pressure virus removal filtration. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Parau M, Johnson TF, Pullen J, Bracewell DG. Analysis of fouling and breakthrough of process related impurities during depth filtration using confocal microscopy. Biotechnol Prog 2022; 38:e3233. [PMID: 35037432 PMCID: PMC9286597 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Titer improvement has driven process intensification in mAb manufacture. However, this has come with the drawback of high cell densities and associated process related impurities such as cell debris, host cell protein (HCP), and DNA. This affects the capacity of depth filters and can lead to carryover of impurities to protein A chromatography leading to early resin fouling. New depth filter materials provide the opportunity to remove more process related impurities at this early stage in the process. Hence, there is a need to understand the mechanism of impurity removal within these filters. In this work, the secondary depth filter Millistak+ X0HC (cellulose and diatomaceous earth) is compared with the X0SP (synthetic), by examining the breakthrough of DNA and HCP. Additionally, a novel method was developed to image the location of key impurities within the depth filter structure under a confocal microscope. Flux, tested at 75, 100, and 250 LMH was found to affect the maximal throughput based on the max pressure of 30 psi, but no significant changes were seen in the HCP and DNA breakthrough. However, a drop in cell culture viability, from 87% to 37%, lead to the DNA breakthrough at 10% decreasing from 81 to 55 L/m2 for X0HC and from 105 to 47 L/m2 for X0SP. The HCP breakthrough was not affected by cell culture viability or filter type. The X0SP filter has a 30%-50% higher max throughput depending on viability, which can be explained by the confocal imaging where the debris and DNA are distributed differently in the layers of the filter pods, with more of the second tighter layer being utilized in the X0SP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Parau
- Department of Biochemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Thomas F. Johnson
- Department of Biochemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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Johnson SA, Chen S, Bolton G, Chen Q, Lute S, Fisher J, Brorson K. Virus filtration: A Review of Current and Future Practices in Bioprocessing. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 119:743-761. [PMID: 34936091 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
For drug products manufactured in mammalian cells, safety assurance practices are needed during production to assure that the final medicinal product is safe from the potential risk of viral contamination. Virus filters provide viral retention for a range of viruses through robust, largely size-based retention mechanism. Therefore, a virus filtration step is commonly utilized in a well-designed recombinant therapeutic protein purification process and is a key component in an overall strategy to minimize the risks of adventitious and endogenous viral particles during the manufacturing of biotechnology products. This review summarizes the history of virus filtration, currently available virus filters and prefilters, and virus filtration integrity test methods and study models. There is also discussion of current understanding and gaps with an eye toward future trends and emerging filtration technologies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Johnson
- Office of Biotechnology Products, CDER, FDA 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Silver Spring, Maryland, 20903
| | - Shuang Chen
- NGM Biopharmaceuticals Inc., 333 Oyster Point Blvd., South San Francisco, CA, 94080
| | - Glen Bolton
- Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142
| | - Qi Chen
- Genentech Inc. One DNA Way,, South San Francisco, CA, 94080
| | - Scott Lute
- Office of Biotechnology Products, CDER, FDA 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Silver Spring, Maryland, 20903
| | - John Fisher
- Genentech Inc. One DNA Way,, South San Francisco, CA, 94080
| | - Kurt Brorson
- Parexel International., 275 Grove Street Suite 101C, Newton, MA, 02466
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9
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Jacquet N, Wurtzer S, Darracq G, Wyart Y, Moulin L, Moulin P. Effect of concentration on virus removal for ultrafiltration membrane in drinking water production. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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10
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Lucas K, Dehghani M, Khire T, Gaborski T, Flax JD, Waugh RE, McGrath JL. A predictive model of nanoparticle capture on ultrathin nanoporous membranes. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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11
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Jazie AA, Albaaji AJ, Abed SA. A review on recent trends of antiviral nanoparticles and airborne filters: special insight on COVID-19 virus. AIR QUALITY, ATMOSPHERE, & HEALTH 2021; 14:1811-1824. [PMID: 34178182 PMCID: PMC8211456 DOI: 10.1007/s11869-021-01055-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Novel corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic in the last 4 months stimulates the international scientific community to search for vaccine of antiviral agents suitable for in activating the virus inside and outside the human body. More than 4 million people globally are infected by the virus and about 300,000 dead cases until this moment. The ventilation and airborne filters are also investigated aiming to develop an efficient antiviral filtration technology. Human secretion of the infected person as nasal or saliva droplets goes as airborne and distributes the virus everywhere around the person. N95 and N98 filters are the must use filters for capturing particles of sizes around 300 nm. The average size of the novel corona virus (COVID-19) is 100 nm and there is no standard or special filter suitable for this virus. The nanoparticle-coated airborne filter is a suitable technique in this regard. While the efficiency of this type of filters still needs to be enhanced, new developed nanofiber filters are proposed. Most recently, the charged nanofiber filters of sizes below 100 nm are developed and provide an efficient viral filtration and inactivation. The efficiency of filter must be kept at accepted level without increasing the pressure drop. The present review outlines the most efficient antiviral nanoparticles including the recent functional nanoparticles. The filtration theory, filtration modeling, filter testing, and different types of filter with special concentration on the charged nanofiber filter were discussed. The charged nanofiber filter able to capture novel corona virus (COVID-19) with 94% efficiency and a pressure drop less than 20 MPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Jazie
- Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering College, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Amar J. Albaaji
- Materials Engineering Department, Engineering College, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Suhad A. Abed
- Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq
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12
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Silva Batalha L, Pardini Gontijo MT, Vianna Novaes de Carvalho Teixeira A, Meireles Gouvêa Boggione D, Soto Lopez ME, Renon Eller M, Santos Mendonça RC. Encapsulation in alginate-polymers improves stability and allows controlled release of the UFV-AREG1 bacteriophage. Food Res Int 2020; 139:109947. [PMID: 33509500 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The bacteriophage UFV-AREG1 was used as a model organism to evaluate the encapsulation via extrusion using different hydrocolloids. Pure alginate [0.75%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% (m/v)] and mixtures of alginate [0.75% or 1.0% (m/v)] with carrageenan [1.25% (m/v)], chitosan [0.5% (m/v)], or whey protein [1.5% (m/v)] were used to produce bacteriophage-loaded beads. The encapsulating solutions presented flow behavior of non-Newtonian pseudoplastic fluids and the concentration of hydrocolloid did not influence (p > 0.05) the morphology of the beads, except for alginate-chitosan solutions, which presented the higher flow consistency index (K) and the lower flow behavior index (n). The encapsulation efficiency was about 99% and the confocal photomicrography of the encapsulated bacteriophages labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate showed homogenous distribution of the viral particles within the beads. The phages remained viable in the beads of alginate-whey protein even when submitted to pH 2.5 for 2 h. Beads incubated directly in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 6.8) resulted in a minimal of 50% release of the UFV-AREG1 phages after 5 min, even when previously submitted to the simulated gastric fluid (pH 2.5). Encapsulation enabled phages to remain viable under refrigeration for five months. Encapsulated UFV-AREG1 phages were sensitive to dehydration, suggesting the need for protective agents. In this study, for the first-time bacteriophages were encapsulated in alginate-carrageenan beads, as well as alginate-chitosan as a bead-forming hydrocolloid. In addition, a novel procedure for encapsulating bacteriophages in alginate-whey protein was proposed. The assembled system showed efficiency in the encapsulation of UFV-AREG1 bacteriophages using different hydrocolloids and has potential to be used for the entrapment of a variety of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Silva Batalha
- Department of Food Technology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, 36570-900 Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marco Túlio Pardini Gontijo
- Department of Food Technology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, 36570-900 Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maryoris Elisa Soto Lopez
- Department of Food Technology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, 36570-900 Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Food Engineering, Universidad de Córdoba (UNICORDOBA), Montería 230002, Colombia
| | - Monique Renon Eller
- Department of Food Technology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, 36570-900 Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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13
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Visualizing effects of protein fouling on capture profiles in the Planova BioEX and 20N virus filters. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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14
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Leisi R, Bieri J, Roth NJ, Ros C. Determination of parvovirus retention profiles in virus filter membranes using laser scanning microscopy. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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15
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Fallahianbijan F, Giglia S, Carbrello C, Zydney AL. Quantitative analysis of internal flow distribution and pore interconnectivity within asymmetric virus filtration membranes. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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16
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Adan-Kubo J, Tsujikawa M, Takahashi K, Hongo-Hirasaki T, Sakai K. Microscopic visualization of virus removal by dedicated filters used in biopharmaceutical processing: Impact of membrane structure and localization of captured virus particles. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 35:e2875. [PMID: 31228338 PMCID: PMC7003479 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Virus filtration with nanometer size exclusion membranes (“nanofiltration”) is effective for removing infectious agents from biopharmaceuticals. While the virus removal capability of virus removal filters is typically evaluated based on calculation of logarithmic reduction value (LRV) of virus infectivity, knowledge of the exact mechanism(s) of virus retention remains limited. Here, human parvovirus B19 (B19V), a small virus (18–26 nm), was spiked into therapeutic plasma protein solutions and filtered through Planova™ 15N and 20N filters in scaled‐down manufacturing processes. Observation of the gross structure of the Planova hollow fiber membranes by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed Planova filter microporous membranes to have a rough inner, a dense middle and a rough outer layer. Of these three layers, the dense middle layer was clearly identified as the most functionally critical for effective capture of B19V. Planova filtration of protein solution containing B19V resulted in a distribution peak in the dense middle layer with an LRV >4, demonstrating effectiveness of the filtration step. This is the first report to simultaneously analyze the gross structure of a virus removal filter and visualize virus entrapment during a filtration process conducted under actual manufacturing conditions. The methodologies developed in this study demonstrate that the virus removal capability of the filtration process can be linked to the gross physical filter structure, contributing to better understanding of virus trapping mechanisms and helping the development of more reliable and robust virus filtration processes in the manufacture of biologicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Adan-Kubo
- Central Research Laboratory, Japanese Blood Products Organization, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan
| | - Muneo Tsujikawa
- Central Research Laboratory, Japanese Blood Products Organization, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan
| | - Kadue Takahashi
- Central Research Laboratory, Japanese Blood Products Organization, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan
| | - Tomoko Hongo-Hirasaki
- Technology Development Department, Bioprocess Division, Asahi Kasei Medical Co. Ltd., Nobeoka, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan
| | - Kaoru Sakai
- Central Research Laboratory, Japanese Blood Products Organization, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan
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17
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Pazouki M, Noelle Wilton A, Latulippe DR. An experimental study on sterile filtration of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles – the importance of surfactant concentration. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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Nazem-Bokaee H, Fallahianbijan F, Chen D, O'Donnell SM, Carbrello C, Giglia S, Bell D, Zydney AL. Probing pore structure of virus filters using scanning electron microscopy with gold nanoparticles. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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19
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Sterile filtration of oncolytic viruses: An analysis of effects of membrane morphology on fouling and product recovery. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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20
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Kosiol P, Müller MT, Schneider B, Hansmann B, Thom V, Ulbricht M. Determination of pore size gradients of virus filtration membranes using gold nanoparticles and their relation to fouling with protein containing feed streams. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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21
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Boggione DM, Batalha LS, Gontijo MT, Lopez ME, Teixeira AV, Santos IJ, Mendonça RC. Evaluation of microencapsulation of the UFV-AREG1 bacteriophage in alginate-Ca microcapsules using microfluidic devices. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 158:182-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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22
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Fallahianbijan F, Giglia S, Carbrello C, Zydney AL. Use of fluorescently-labeled nanoparticles to study pore morphology and virus capture in virus filtration membranes. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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23
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Samtlebe M, Wagner N, Neve H, Heller KJ, Hinrichs J, Atamer Z. Reduction of Lactococcus lactis phage contamination in whey by means of membrane filtration: Impact of phage morphology and of bacterial host cells functioning as “phage fishing tool”. Int Dairy J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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24
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Baltus RE, Badireddy AR, Delavari A, Chellam S. Free Diffusivity of Icosahedral and Tailed Bacteriophages: Experiments, Modeling, and Implications for Virus Behavior in Media Filtration and Flocculation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:1433-1440. [PMID: 28035813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aqueous bulk diffusivities of several near-spherical (icosahedral) and nonspherical (tailed) bacterial viruses were experimentally determined by measuring their flux across large pore membranes and using dynamic light scattering, with excellent agreement between values measured using the two techniques. For the icosahedral viruses, good agreement was also found between measured diffusivity values and values predicted with the Stokes-Einstein equation. However, when the tailed viruses were approximated as spheres, poor agreement was found between measured values and Stokes-Einstein predictions. The shape of the tailed organisms was incorporated into two modeling approaches used to predict diffusivity. Model predictions were found to be in good agreement with measured values, demonstrating the importance of the tail in the diffusive transport of these viruses. Our calculations also show that inaccurate estimates of virus diffusion can lead to significant errors when predicting diffusive contributions to flocculation and to single collector efficiency in media filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E Baltus
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clarkson University , Potsdam, New York 13699-5705, United States
| | - Appala Raju Badireddy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont , Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Armin Delavari
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clarkson University , Potsdam, New York 13699-5705, United States
| | - Shankararaman Chellam
- Department of Civil Engineering, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843-3136, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843-3122, United States
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25
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Dishari SK, Venkiteshwaran A, Zydney AL. Probing effects of pressure release on virus capture during virus filtration using confocal microscopy. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:2115-22. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shudipto K. Dishari
- Department of Chemical Engineering; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania 6802
| | | | - Andrew L. Zydney
- Department of Chemical Engineering; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania 6802
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26
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Measurement of pore size distribution and prediction of membrane filter virus retention using liquid–liquid porometry. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Jackson NB, Bakhshayeshi M, Zydney AL, Mehta A, van Reis R, Kuriyel R. Internal virus polarization model for virus retention by the Ultipor®VF Grade DV20 membrane. Biotechnol Prog 2014; 30:856-63. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nigel B. Jackson
- Pall Europe Ltd., 5 Harbourgate Business Park; Portsmouth PO6 4BQ U.K
| | - Meisam Bakhshayeshi
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park PA 16802
| | - Andrew L. Zydney
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park PA 16802
| | - Amit Mehta
- Genentech Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco CA 94080
| | | | - Ralf Kuriyel
- Pall Corporation, 20 Walkup Drive; Westborough MA 01581
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Yamamoto A, Hongo-Hirasaki T, Uchi Y, Hayashida H, Nagoya F. Effect of hydrodynamic forces on virus removal capability of Planova™ filters. AIChE J 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.14392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aguru Yamamoto
- Analysis and Simulation Center; Asahi Kasei Corporation, Fuji-shi; Shizuoka 416-8501 Japan
| | - Tomoko Hongo-Hirasaki
- Bioprocess Technology Development Dept.; Asahi Kasei Medical MT Co., Ltd.; 5-4960 Nakagawara-machi Nobeoka-shi, Miyazaki 882-0031 Japan
| | - Yukihiko Uchi
- Analysis and Simulation Center; Asahi Kasei Corporation, Fuji-shi; Shizuoka 416-8501 Japan
| | - Hirohisa Hayashida
- Bioprocess Technology Development Dept.; Asahi Kasei Medical MT Co., Ltd.; 5-4960 Nakagawara-machi Nobeoka-shi, Miyazaki 882-0031 Japan
| | - Fujiharu Nagoya
- Bioprocess Technology Development Dept.; Asahi Kasei Medical MT Co., Ltd.; 5-4960 Nakagawara-machi Nobeoka-shi, Miyazaki 882-0031 Japan
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Woods MA, Zydney AL. Effects of a pressure release on virus retention with the Ultipor DV20 membrane. Biotechnol Bioeng 2013; 111:545-51. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. Woods
- Department of Chemical Engineering; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Andrew L. Zydney
- Department of Chemical Engineering; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania 16802
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Affandy A, Keshavarz-Moore E, Versteeg HK. Application of filtration blocking models to describe fouling and transmission of large plasmids DNA in sterile filtration. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Tanneru CT, Rimer JD, Chellam S. Sweep flocculation and adsorption of viruses on aluminum flocs during electrochemical treatment prior to surface water microfiltration. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:4612-8. [PMID: 23565986 DOI: 10.1021/es400291e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Bench-scale experiments were performed to evaluate virus control by an integrated electrochemical-microfiltration (MF) process from turbid (15 NTU) surface water containing moderate amounts of dissolved organic carbon (DOC, 5 mg C/L) and calcium hardness (50 mg/L as CaCO3). Higher reductions in MS2 bacteriophage concentrations were obtained by aluminum electrocoagulation and electroflotation compared with conventional aluminum sulfate coagulation. This was attributed to electrophoretic migration of viruses, which increased their concentrations in the microenvironment of the sacrificial anode where coagulant precursors are dissolved leading to better destabilization during electrolysis. In all cases, viruses were not inactivated implying measured reductions were solely due to their removal. Sweep flocculation was the primary virus destabilization mechanism. Direct evidence for virus enmeshment in flocs was provided by two independent methods: quantitative elution using beef extract at elevated pH and quantitating fluorescence from labeled viruses. Atomic force microscopy studies revealed a monotonically increasing adhesion force between viruses immobilized on AFM tips and floc surfaces with electrocoagulant dosage, which suggests secondary contributions to virus uptake on flocs from adsorption. Virus sorption mechanisms include charge neutralization and hydrophobic interactions with natural organic matter removed during coagulation. This also provided the basis for interpreting additional removal of viruses by the thick cake formed on the surface of the microfilter following electrocoagulation. Enhancements in virus removal as progressively more aluminum was electrolyzed therefore embodies contributions from (i) better encapsulation onto greater amounts of fresh Al(OH)3 precipitates, (ii) increased adsorption capacity associated with higher available coagulant surface area, (iii) greater virus-floc binding affinity due to effective charge neutralization and hydrophobic interactions, and/or (iv) additional removal by a dynamic membrane if a thick cake layer of flocs is deposited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charan Tej Tanneru
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Texas 77204-4003, USA
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Bakhshayeshi M, Kanani DM, Mehta A, van Reis R, Kuriyel R, Jackson N, Zydney AL. Dextran sieving test for characterization of virus filtration membranes. J Memb Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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