1
|
Imtiaz A, Othman MHD, Jilani A, Khan IU, Kamaludin R, Ayub M, Samuel O, Kurniawan TA, Hashim N, Puteh MH. A critical review in recent progress of hollow fiber membrane contactors for efficient CO 2 separations. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 325:138300. [PMID: 36893870 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Among wide range of membrane-based operations, membrane contactors, as they reify comparatively modern membrane-based mechanism are gaining quite an attention in both pilot and industrial scales. In recent literature, carbon capture is one of the most researched applications of membrane contactors. Membrane contactors have the potential to minimize the energy consumption and capital cost of traditional CO2 absorptions columns. In a membrane contactor, CO2 regeneration can take place below the solvent boiling point, resulting into lower consumption of energy. Various polymeric as well as ceramic membrane materials have been employed in gas liquid membrane contactors along with several solvents including amino acids, ammonia, amines etc. This review article provides detailed introduction of membrane contactors in terms of CO2 removal. It also discusses that the main challenge that is faced by membrane contactors is membrane pore wetting caused by solvent that in turn can reduce the mass transfer coefficient. Other potential challenges such as selection of suitable solvent and membrane pair as well as fouling are also discussed in this review and are followed by potential ways to reduce them. Furthermore, both membrane gas separation and membrane contactor technologies are analysed and compared in this study on the basis of their characteristics, CO2 separation performances and techno economical transvaluation. Consequently, this review provides an opportunity to thoroughly understand the working principle of membrane contactors along its comparison with membrane-based gas separation technology. It also provides a clear understanding of latest innovations in membrane contactor module designs as well as challenges encountered by membrane contactors along with possible solutions to overcome these challenges. Finally, semi commercial and commercial implementation of membrane contactors has been highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aniqa Imtiaz
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Facultyof Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Facultyof Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Asim Jilani
- Centre of Nanotechnology, King Abdul-Aziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Imran Ullah Khan
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Pak-Austria Fachhochshule, Institute of Applied Sciences &Technology, Khanpur Road, Mang, Haripur, 22650, Pakistan
| | - Roziana Kamaludin
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Facultyof Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Ayub
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Facultyof Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Ojo Samuel
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Facultyof Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | | | - NurAwanis Hashim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hafiz Puteh
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu Y, Li N, Cui X, Yan W, Su J, Jin L. A Review on the Morphology and Material Properties of the Gas Separation Membrane: Molecular Simulation. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1274. [PMID: 36557181 PMCID: PMC9783095 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12121274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Gas membrane separation technology is widely applied in different industry processes because of its advantages relating to separation performance and economic efficiency. It is usually difficult and time consuming to determine the suitable membrane materials for specific industrial separation processes through traditional experimental research methods. Molecular simulation is widely used to investigate the microscopic morphology and macroscopic properties of materials, and it guides the improvement of membrane materials. This paper comprehensively reviews the molecular-level exploration of the dominant mechanism and influencing factors of gas membrane-based separation. The thermodynamics and kinetics of polymer membrane synthesis, the molecular interactions among the penetrated gases, the relationships between the membrane properties and the transport characteristics of different gases in the composite membrane are summarized and discussed. The limitations and perspectives of the molecular simulation method in the study of the gas membrane separation process are also presented to rationalize its potential and innovative applications. This review provides a more comprehensive reference for promoting the materials' design and engineering application of the gas separation membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Liu
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Xin Cui
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Weichao Yan
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Jincai Su
- School of Life Sciences & Chemical Technology, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, 535 Clementi Road, Singapore 599489, Singapore
| | - Liwen Jin
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi’an 710049, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kunalan S, Palanivelu K. Polymeric composite membranes in carbon dioxide capture process: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:38735-38767. [PMID: 35275372 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19519-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emission to the atmosphere is the prime cause of certain environmental issues like global warming and climate change, in the present day scenario. Capturing CO2 from various stationary industrial emission sources is one of the initial steps to control the aforementioned problems. For this concern, a variety of resources, such as liquid absorbents, solid adsorbents, and membranes, have been utilized for CO2 capturing from various emission sources. Focused on membrane-based CO2 capture, polymeric membranes with composite structure (polymeric composite membrane) offer a better performance in CO2 capturing process than other membranes, due to the composite structure it offers higher gas flux and less material usage, thus facile to use high performed expensive material for membrane fabrication and achieved good efficacy in CO2 capture. This compressive review delivers the utilization of different polymeric composite membranes in CO2 capturing applications. Further, the types of polymeric materials used and the different physicochemical modifications of those membrane materials and their CO2 capturing ability are briefly discussed in the text. In conclusion, the current status and possible perspective ways to improve the CO2 capture process in industrial CO2 gas separation applications are described in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shankar Kunalan
- Centre for Environmental Studies, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - Kandasamy Palanivelu
- Centre for Environmental Studies, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, India.
- Centre for Climate Change and Disaster Management, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu H, Easa J, Pate SG, Jin R, O'Brien CP. Operando Surface-Enhanced Raman-Scattering (SERS) for Probing CO 2 Facilitated Transport Mechanisms of Amine-Functionalized Polymeric Membranes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:15697-15705. [PMID: 35316018 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This work describes a new operando surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform that we developed for use with polymeric membranes that includes (1) a method for preparing SERS-active polymer membranes and (2) a permeation cell with optical access for SERS characterization of membranes under realistic operating conditions. This technique enables the direct correlation of membrane structure to its performance under realistic operating conditions by combining in situ SERS characterization of the molecular structure of polymer membranes and simultaneous measurement of solute permeation rates on the same sample. Using the new operando SERS technique, this work aims to clarify the unknown mechanisms by which reactive amines facilitate CO2 transport across polyvinylamine (PVAm), a prototypical facilitated transport membrane for CO2 separations. We show that a small amount of plasmonic silver particles added to the PVAm solution prior to knife-casting selectively enhances the sensitivity to detection of chemical intermediates (e.g., carbamate) formed in the PVAm film due to the surface-enhanced Raman scattering effect with only minimal effect on the CO2 permeance and selectivity of the membrane. Operando SERS characterization of PVAm during exposure to humidified CO2/CH4 biogas mixtures at room temperature shows that CO2 permeates across PVAm primarily as carbamate species. This work clarifies the previously unknown mechanism of CO2 facilitated transport across PVAm and establishes a new operando SERS platform that can be used with a wide range of polymer membrane systems. This technique can be used to elucidate fundamental transport mechanisms in polymer membranes, to establish reliable structure-performance relationships, and for real-time diagnostics of membrane fouling, among other applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United Sates
| | - Justin Easa
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United Sates
| | - Sarah G Pate
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United Sates
| | - Renxi Jin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United Sates
| | - Casey P O'Brien
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United Sates
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zakariya S, Yeong YF, Jusoh N, Tan LS. Performance of Multilayer Composite Hollow Membrane in Separation of CO 2 from CH 4 in Mixed Gas Conditions. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:1480. [PMID: 35406352 PMCID: PMC9002636 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Composite membranes comprising NH2-MIL-125(Ti)/PEBAX coated on PDMS/PSf were prepared in this work, and their gas separation performance for high CO2 feed gas was investigated under various operating circumstances, such as pressure and CO2 concentration, in mixed gas conditions. The functional groups and morphology of the prepared membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). CO2 concentration and feed gas pressure were demonstrated to have a considerable impact on the CO2 and CH4 permeance, as well as the CO2/CH4 mixed gas selectivity of the resultant membrane. As CO2 concentration was raised from 14.5 vol % to 70 vol %, a trade-off between permeance and selectivity was found, as CO2 permeance increased by 136% and CO2/CH4 selectivity reduced by 42.17%. The membrane produced in this work exhibited pressure durability up to 9 bar and adequate gas separation performance at feed gas conditions consisting of high CO2 content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahidah Zakariya
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; (S.Z.); (N.J.)
- CO2 Research Centre (CO2RES), R&D Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Yin Fong Yeong
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; (S.Z.); (N.J.)
- CO2 Research Centre (CO2RES), R&D Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Norwahyu Jusoh
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; (S.Z.); (N.J.)
- CO2 Research Centre (CO2RES), R&D Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Lian See Tan
- Department of Chemical Process Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mubashir M, Ashena R, Bokhari A, Mukhtar A, Saqib S, Ali A, Saidur R, Khoo KS, Ng HS, Karimi F, Karaman C, Show PL. Effect of process parameters over carbon-based ZIF-62 nano-rooted membrane for environmental pollutants separation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:133006. [PMID: 34813846 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The paper evaluates the routes towards the evaluation of membranes using ZIF-62 metal organic framework (MOF) nano-hybrid dots for environmental remediation. Optimization of interaction of operating parameters over the rooted membrane is challenging issue. Subsequently, the interaction of operating parameters including temperature, pressure and CO2 gas concentration over the resultant rooted membranes are evaluated and optimized using response surface methodology for environmental remediation. In addition, the stability and effect of hydrocarbons on the performance of the resulting membrane during the gas mixture separation are evaluated at optimum conditions to meet the industrial requirements. The characterization results verified the fabrication of the ZIF-62 MOF rooted composite membrane. The permeation results demonstrated that the CO2 permeability and CO2/CH4 selectivity of the composite membrane was increased from 15.8 to 84.8 Barrer and 12.2 to 35.3 upon integration of ZIF-62 nano-glass into cellulose acetate (CA) polymer. Subsequently, the optimum conditions have been found at a temperature of 30 °C, the pressure of 12.6 bar and CO2 feed concentration of 53.3 vol%. These optimum conditions revealed the highest CO2 permeability, CH4 permeability and CO2/CH4 separation factor of 47.9 Barrer, 0.2 Barrer and 26.8. The presence of hydrocarbons in gas mixture dropped the CO2 permeability of 56.5% and separation factor of 46.4% during 206 h of testing. The separation performance of the composite membrane remained stable without the presence of hydrocarbons for 206 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mubashir
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, School of Engineering, Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Rahman Ashena
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, School of Engineering, Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Awais Bokhari
- Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory, SPIL, NETME Centre, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, VUT Brno, Technická 2896/2, 616 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 54000, Defense Road, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Ahmad Mukhtar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, NFC Institute of Engineering and Fertilizer Research Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Saqib
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 54000, Defense Road, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Abulhassan Ali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Saidur
- Research Centre for Nano-Materials and Energy Technology (RCNMET), School of Engineering and Technology, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, 47500, Sunway University, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, No. 1, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Suan Ng
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, No. 1, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fatemeh Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran
| | - Ceren Karaman
- Akdeniz University, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Department of Electricity and Energy, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham, Malaysia, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Techniques for Overcoming Sulfur Poisoning of Catalyst Employed in Hydrocarbon Reforming. CATALYSIS SURVEYS FROM ASIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10563-021-09340-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
8
|
Logemann M, Wolf P, Loipersböck J, Schrade A, Wessling M, Haumann M. Ultra-low temperature water–gas shift reaction catalyzed by homogeneous Ru-complexes in a membrane reactor – membrane development and proof of concept. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy02111c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Supported ionic liquid-phase (SILP) catalyzed water–gas shift reaction with in situ product removal is presented. A facilitated transport membrane coated onto the smooth outside of the SiC monolith allowed preferential removal of CO2 compared to H2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morten Logemann
- RWTH Aachen University
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Verfahrenstechnik
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Patrick Wolf
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | | | - Alexander Schrade
- RWTH Aachen University
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Verfahrenstechnik
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Matthias Wessling
- RWTH Aachen University
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Verfahrenstechnik
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials
| | - Marco Haumann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hafeez S, Safdar T, Pallari E, Manos G, Aristodemou E, Zhang Z, Al-Salem SM, Constantinou A. CO2 capture using membrane contactors: a systematic literature review. Front Chem Sci Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-020-1992-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AbstractWith fossil fuel being the major source of energy, CO2 emission levels need to be reduced to a minimal amount namely from anthropogenic sources. Energy consumption is expected to rise by 48% in the next 30 years, and global warming is becoming an alarming issue which needs to be addressed on a thorough technical basis. Nonetheless, exploring CO2 capture using membrane contactor technology has shown great potential to be applied and utilised by industry to deal with post- and pre-combustion of CO2. A systematic review of the literature has been conducted to analyse and assess CO2 removal using membrane contactors for capturing techniques in industrial processes. The review began with a total of 2650 papers, which were obtained from three major databases, and then were excluded down to a final number of 525 papers following a defined set of criteria. The results showed that the use of hollow fibre membranes have demonstrated popularity, as well as the use of amine solvents for CO2 removal. This current systematic review in CO2 removal and capture is an important milestone in the synthesis of up to date research with the potential to serve as a benchmark databank for further research in similar areas of work. This study provides the first systematic enquiry in the evidence to research further sustainable methods to capture and separate CO2.
Collapse
|
10
|
The Impact of Various Natural Gas Contaminant Exposures on CO 2/CH 4 Separation by a Polyimide Membrane. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10110324. [PMID: 33142876 PMCID: PMC7692088 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10110324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
In this study, hollow fibers of commercial polyimide were arranged into membrane modules to test their capacity and performance towards natural gas processing. Particularly, the membranes were characterized for CO2/CH4 separation with and without exposure to some naturally occurring contaminants of natural gases, namely hydrogen sulfide, dodecane, and the mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, xylene), referred to as BTX. Gas permeation experiments were conducted to assess the changes in the permeability of CO2 and CH4 and related separation selectivity. Compared to the properties determined for the pristine polyimide membranes, all the above pollutants (depending on their concentrations and the ensured contact time with the membrane) affected the permeability of gases, while the impact of various exposures on CO2/CH4 selectivity seemed to be complex and case-specific. Overall, it was found that the minor impurities in the natural gas could have a notable influence and should therefore be considered from an operational stability viewpoint of the membrane separation process.
Collapse
|
11
|
Dos Santos LM, Bernard FL, Polesso BB, Pinto IS, Frankenberg CC, Corvo MC, Almeida PL, Cabrita E, Einloft S. Designing silica xerogels containing RTIL for CO 2 capture and CO 2/CH 4 separation: Influence of ILs anion, cation and cation side alkyl chain length and ramification. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 268:110340. [PMID: 32383660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
CO2 separation from natural gas is considered to be a crucial strategy to mitigate global warming problems, meet product specification, pipeline specs and other application specific requirements. Silica xerogels (SX) are considered to be potential materials for CO2 capture due to their high specific surface area. Thus, a series of silica xerogels functionalized with imidazolium, phosphonium, ammonium and pyridinium-based room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) were synthesized. The synthesized silica xerogels were characterized by NMR, helium pycnometry, DTA-TG, BET, SEM and TEM. CO2 sorption, reusability and CO2/CH4 selectivity were assessed by the pressure-decay technique. Silica xerogels containing IL demonstrated advantages compared to RTILs used as separation solvents in CO2 capture processes including higher CO2 sorption capacity and faster sorption/desorption. Using fluorinated anion for functionalization of silica xerogels leads to a higher affinity for CO2 over CH4. The best performance was obtained by SX- [bmim] [TF2N] (223.4 mg CO2/g mg/g at 298.15 K and 20 bar). Moreover, SX- [bmim] [TF2N] showed higher CO2 sorption capacity as compared to other reported sorbents. CO2 sorption and CO2/CH4 selectivity results were submitted to an analysis of variance and the means compared using Tukey's test (5%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo M Dos Santos
- School of Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Brazil
| | - Franciele L Bernard
- School of Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Brazil
| | - Bárbara B Polesso
- Post-Graduation Program in Materials Engineering and Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Brazil
| | - Ingrid S Pinto
- School of Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Brazil
| | - Claudio C Frankenberg
- School of Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Brazil
| | - Marta C Corvo
- CENIMAT|i3N, Dep. Ciência dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro L Almeida
- CENIMAT|i3N, Dep. Ciência dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal; ISEL, ADF, Rua Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Eurico Cabrita
- UCIBIO, Dep.Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Sandra Einloft
- School of Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Materials Engineering and Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Natural gas sweetening using a cellulose triacetate hollow fiber membrane illustrating controlled plasticization benefits. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.117910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
13
|
Fayon P, Sarkisov L. Structure and dynamics of water in molecular models of hydrated polyvinylamine membranes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:26453-26465. [PMID: 31774420 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05399a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Facilitated transport membranes (FTMs) constitute an emerging class of polymer materials with promising properties for carbon capture applications. The key feature of these membranes is the presence of chemical groups which, in the presence of water, engage in a reaction with dissolved carbon dioxide, thus enhancing the permeability and selectivity of the membrane. Currently, little is known about the organization of these membranes on a molecular level, reaction mechanisms and detailed chemical balance, transport of water, ion species and dissolved gas molecules. The nature of the actual facilitation mechanism and the factors responsible for this effect remain unclear. Here, we use a case of polyvinylamine (PVAm), one of the most studied fixed carrier material for FTMs, to propose molecular models of the hydrated polymers. We aim to understand how transport of water is governed by structural properties of the membrane, such as the free volume, pore limiting diameter, and degree of protonation. We observe that even at the highest experimentally used hydration level, the mobility of water in PVAm matrices is significantly lower than that in bulk water; unlike in bulk systems, chloride ions exhibit much slower diffusion in confined water; this, in turn, affects the diffusion of water, which also diminishes in the presence of chloride ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Fayon
- School of Engineering, Institute for Materials and Processes, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
A polyhedron-based metal-organic framework with a rare hexanuclear Co(II) cluster for selective sorption and chemical conversion for CO2. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2019.120906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
15
|
Salim W, Han Y, Vakharia V, Wu D, Wheeler DJ, Ho WW. Scale-up of amine-containing membranes for hydrogen purification for fuel cells. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
16
|
Saqib S, Rafiq S, Chawla M, Saeed M, Muhammad N, Khurram S, Majeed K, Khan AL, Ghauri M, Jamil F, Aslam M. Facile CO2
Separation in Composite Membranes. Chem Eng Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201700653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Saqib
- Department of Chemical Engineering; COMSATS University Islamabad; Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road 54000 Lahore Pakistan
| | - Sikander Rafiq
- Department of Chemical Engineering; COMSATS University Islamabad; Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road 54000 Lahore Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Chawla
- Department of Chemical Engineering; COMSATS University Islamabad; Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road 54000 Lahore Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory at Department of Oral Biology; University of Oslo (UiO); 0316 Oslo Norway
| | - Nawshad Muhammad
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM); COMSATS University Islamabad; Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road 54000 Lahore Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Khurram
- Department of Chemical Engineering; COMSATS University Islamabad; Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road 54000 Lahore Pakistan
| | - Khaliq Majeed
- Department of Chemical Engineering; COMSATS University Islamabad; Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road 54000 Lahore Pakistan
| | - Asim Laeeq Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering; COMSATS University Islamabad; Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road 54000 Lahore Pakistan
| | - Moinuddin Ghauri
- Department of Chemical Engineering; COMSATS University Islamabad; Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road 54000 Lahore Pakistan
| | - Farrukh Jamil
- Department of Chemical Engineering; COMSATS University Islamabad; Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road 54000 Lahore Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Department of Chemical Engineering; COMSATS University Islamabad; Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road 54000 Lahore Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hydrophilic and morphological modification of nanoporous polyethersulfone substrates for composite membranes in CO2 separation. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
18
|
Wu D, Han Y, Zhao L, Salim W, Vakharia V, Ho WW. Scale-up of zeolite-Y/polyethersulfone substrate for composite membrane fabrication in CO2 separation. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
19
|
CO₂ Separation in Nanocomposite Membranes by the Addition of Amidine and Lactamide Functionalized POSS ® Nanoparticles into a PVA Layer. MEMBRANES 2018; 8:membranes8020028. [PMID: 29890680 PMCID: PMC6026939 DOI: 10.3390/membranes8020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we studied two different types of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS®) functionalized nanoparticles as additives for nanocomposite membranes for CO₂ separation. One with amidine functionalization (Amidino POSS®) and the second with amine and lactamide groups functionalization (Lactamide POSS®). Composite membranes were produced by casting a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) layer, containing either amidine or lactamide functionalized POSS® nanoparticles, on a polysulfone (PSf) porous support. FTIR characterization shows a good compatibility between the nanoparticles and the polymer. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) show an increment of the crystalline regions. Both the degree of crystallinity (Xc) and the alpha star transition, associated with the slippage between crystallites, increase with the content of nanoparticles in the PVA selective layer. These crystalline regions were affected by the conformation of the polymer chains, decreasing the gas separation performance. Moreover, lactamide POSS® shows a higher interaction with PVA, inducing lower values in the CO₂ flux. We have concluded that the interaction of the POSS® nanoparticles increased the crystallinity of the composite membranes, thereby playing an important role in the gas separation performance. Moreover, these nanocomposite membranes did not show separation according to a facilitated transport mechanism as expected, based on their functionalized amino-groups, thus, solution-diffusion was the main mechanism responsible for the transport phenomena.
Collapse
|
20
|
Sadeghi M, Talakesh MM, Arabi Shamsabadi A, Soroush M. Novel Application of a Polyurethane Membrane for Efficient Separation of Hydrogen Sulfide from Binary and Ternary Gas Mixtures. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201703170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Sadeghi
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Isfahan University of Technology; Isfahan 84156-83111 Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Talakesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Isfahan University of Technology; Isfahan 84156-83111 Iran
| | | | - Masoud Soroush
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Drexel University; Philadelphia USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Romero Nieto D, Lindbråthen A, Hägg MB. Effect of Water Interactions on Polyvinylamine at Different pHs for Membrane Gas Separation. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:8388-8400. [PMID: 31457377 PMCID: PMC6645070 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In our previous work, it was shown that the separation performance of the fixed-site-carrier polyvinylamine (PVAm) composite membrane increases exponentially with increasing relative humidity content in the gas. Through these efforts, it has been important to develop a greater understanding of the relationship between the water, structural, and interfacial properties of the PVAm surface. The degree of hydrophilicity of a given surface plays a crucial role in the separation performance of the membrane when exposed to a humidified gas. Therefore, in the current work, the wettability properties of PVAm at different pHs have been studied by experimental measurements and molecular dynamic simulations. It was confirmed that the intramolecular interactions are not linearly dependent on pH. As well as the H-bonding between protonated and unprotonated amine groups, the conformation polymer chain and the distribution charge density play a crucial role in the surface stability and wettability properties.
Collapse
|
22
|
Affiliation(s)
- Zi Tong
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - W. S. Winston Ho
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Volchkov EP, Dvornikov NA, Naumkin VS. Simulation of the separation of a helium–methane mixture in a flat membrane module. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0040579516030143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
24
|
Rafiq S, Deng L, Hägg MB. Role of Facilitated Transport Membranes and Composite Membranes for Efficient CO2Capture - A Review. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.201500013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
25
|
George G, Bhoria N, AlHallaq S, Abdala A, Mittal V. Polymer membranes for acid gas removal from natural gas. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
26
|
Investigating the effect of hydrogen sulfide impurities on the separation of fermentatively produced hydrogen by PDMS membrane. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
27
|
|
28
|
Hafeez S, Fan X, Hussain A, Martín CF. CO2 adsorption using TiO2 composite polymeric membranes: A kinetic study. J Environ Sci (China) 2015; 35:163-171. [PMID: 26354705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CO2 is the main greenhouse gas which causes global climatic changes on larger scale. Many techniques have been utilised to capture CO2. Membrane gas separation is a fast growing CO2 capture technique, particularly gas separation by composite membranes. The separation of CO2 by a membrane is not just a process to physically sieve out of CO2 through the controlled membrane pore size. It mainly depends upon diffusion and solubility of gases, particularly for composite dense membranes. The blended components in composite membranes have a high capability to adsorb CO2. The adsorption kinetics of the gases may directly affect diffusion and solubility. In this study, we have investigated the adsorption behaviour of CO2 in pure and composite membranes to explore the complete understanding of diffusion and solubility of CO2 through membranes. Pure cellulose acetate (CA) and cellulose acetate-titania nanoparticle (CA-TiO2) composite membranes were fabricated and characterised using SEM and FTIR analysis. The results indicated that the blended CA-TiO2 membrane adsorbed more quantity of CO2 gas as compared to pure CA membrane. The high CO2 adsorption capacity may enhance the diffusion and solubility of CO2 in the CA-TiO2 composite membrane, which results in a better CO2 separation. The experimental data was modelled by Pseudo first-order, pseudo second order and intra particle diffusion models. According to correlation factor R(2), the Pseudo second order model was fitted well with experimental data. The intra particle diffusion model revealed that adsorption in dense membranes was not solely consisting of intra particle diffusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hafeez
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences & Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan; Institute for Materials and Processes, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
| | - X Fan
- Institute for Materials and Processes, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Arshad Hussain
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences & Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - C F Martín
- Institute for Materials and Processes, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK; University of Aberdeen, School of Engineering, Fraser Noble Building, King's College, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Separation of C3H8 and C2H6 from CH4 in polyurethane–zeolite 4Å and ZSM-5 mixed matrix membranes. Sep Purif Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
30
|
|
31
|
Hybrid fixed-site-carrier membranes for CO 2 removal from high pressure natural gas: Membrane optimization and process condition investigation. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
32
|
Nour M, Berean K, Chrimes A, Zoolfakar AS, Latham K, McSweeney C, Field MR, Sriram S, Kalantar-zadeh K, Ou JZ. Silver nanoparticle/PDMS nanocomposite catalytic membranes for H 2 S gas removal. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
33
|
Li S, Wang Z, He W, Zhang C, Wu H, Wang J, Wang S. Effects of Minor SO2 on the Transport Properties of Fixed Carrier Membranes for CO2 Capture. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie404063r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shichun Li
- Chemical Engineering Research
Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory
of
Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, State Key Laboratory
of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical
Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Chemical Engineering Research
Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory
of
Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, State Key Laboratory
of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical
Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Wenjuan He
- Chemical Engineering Research
Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory
of
Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, State Key Laboratory
of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical
Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Chenxin Zhang
- Chemical Engineering Research
Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory
of
Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, State Key Laboratory
of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical
Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Hongyu Wu
- Chemical Engineering Research
Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory
of
Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, State Key Laboratory
of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical
Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Jixiao Wang
- Chemical Engineering Research
Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory
of
Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, State Key Laboratory
of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical
Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Shichang Wang
- Chemical Engineering Research
Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory
of
Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, State Key Laboratory
of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical
Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mannan HA, Mukhtar H, Murugesan T, Nasir R, Mohshim DF, Mushtaq A. Recent Applications of Polymer Blends in Gas Separation Membranes. Chem Eng Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201300342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
35
|
He X, Hägg MB. Membranes for environmentally friendly energy processes. MEMBRANES 2012; 2:706-26. [PMID: 24958426 PMCID: PMC4021925 DOI: 10.3390/membranes2040706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Membrane separation systems require no or very little chemicals compared to standard unit operations. They are also easy to scale up, energy efficient, and already widely used in various gas and liquid separation processes. Different types of membranes such as common polymers, microporous organic polymers, fixed-site-carrier membranes, mixed matrix membranes, carbon membranes as well as inorganic membranes have been investigated for CO2 capture/removal and other energy processes in the last two decades. The aim of this work is to review the membrane systems applied in different energy processes, such as post-combustion, pre-combustion, oxyfuel combustion, natural gas sweetening, biogas upgrading, hydrogen production, volatile organic compounds (VOC) recovery and pressure retarded osmosis for power generation. Although different membranes could probably be used in a specific separation process, choosing a suitable membrane material will mainly depend on the membrane permeance and selectivity, process conditions (e.g., operating pressure, temperature) and the impurities in a gas stream (such as SO2, NOx, H2S, etc.). Moreover, process design and the challenges relevant to a membrane system are also being discussed to illustrate the membrane process feasibility for a specific application based on process simulation and economic cost estimation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhong He
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim NO-7491, Norway.
| | - May-Britt Hägg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim NO-7491, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|