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Wei M, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liu X, Li X, Zheng X. Employing Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) for Microscale Investigation of Interfaces and Interactions in Membrane Fouling Processes: New Perspectives and Prospects. MEMBRANES 2024; 14:35. [PMID: 38392662 PMCID: PMC10890076 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14020035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Membrane fouling presents a significant challenge in the treatment of wastewater. Several detection methods have been used to interpret membrane fouling processes. Compared with other analysis and detection methods, atomic force microscopy (AFM) is widely used because of its advantages in liquid-phase in situ 3D imaging, ability to measure interactive forces, and mild testing conditions. Although AFM has been widely used in the study of membrane fouling, the current literature has not fully explored its potential. This review aims to uncover and provide a new perspective on the application of AFM technology in future studies on membrane fouling. Initially, a rigorous review was conducted on the morphology, roughness, and interaction forces of AFM in situ characterization of membranes and foulants. Then, the application of AFM in the process of changing membrane fouling factors was reviewed based on its in situ measurement capability, and it was found that changes in ionic conditions, pH, voltage, and even time can cause changes in membrane fouling morphology and forces. Existing membrane fouling models are then discussed, and the role of AFM in predicting and testing these models is presented. Finally, the potential of the improved AFM techniques to be applied in the field of membrane fouling has been underestimated. In this paper, we have fully elucidated the potentials of the improved AFM techniques to be applied in the process of membrane fouling, and we have presented the current challenges and the directions for the future development in an attempt to provide new insights into this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in North West Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Yaozhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in North West Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in North West Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in North West Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
- Yulin Coal Chemical Waste Resource Utilization and Low Carbon Environmental Protection Engineering Technology Research Center, Yulin High-tech Zone Yuheng No. 1 Industrial Sewage Treatment Co., Ltd., Yulin 719000, China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in North West Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Xing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in North West Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
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Hiller CX, Schwaller C, Wurzbacher C, Drewes JE. Removal of antibiotic microbial resistance by micro- and ultrafiltration of secondary wastewater effluents at pilot scale. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156052. [PMID: 35598662 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Low-pressure membrane filtration was investigated at pilot scale with regard to its removal of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in conventional secondary treated wastewater plant effluents. While operating microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) membranes, key operational parameters for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) studies and key factors influencing AMR removal efficiencies of low-pressure membrane filtration processes were examined. The main factor for AMR removal was the pore size of the membrane. The formation of the fouling layer on capillary membranes had only a small additive effect on intra- and extrachromosomal ARG removal and a significant additive effect on mobile ARG removal. Using feeds with different ARGs abundances revealed that higher ARG abundance in the feed resulted in higher ARG abundance in the filtrate. Live-Dead cell counting in UF filtrate showed intact bacteria breaking through the UF membrane. Strong correlations between 16S rRNA genes (as surrogate for bacteria quantification) and the sul1 gene in UF filtrate indicated ARBs likely breaking through UF membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian X Hiller
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Schwaller
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Wurzbacher
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Jörg E Drewes
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Germany.
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Murphy JG, Raybin JG, Sibener SJ. Correlating polymer structure, dynamics, and function with atomic force microscopy. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia G. Murphy
- The James Franck Institute and Department of Chemistry The University of Chicago Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Jonathan G. Raybin
- The James Franck Institute and Department of Chemistry The University of Chicago Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Steven J. Sibener
- The James Franck Institute and Department of Chemistry The University of Chicago Chicago Illinois USA
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Wu X, Rigby K, Huang D, Hedtke T, Wang X, Chung MW, Weon S, Stavitski E, Kim JH. Single-Atom Cobalt Incorporated in a 2D Graphene Oxide Membrane for Catalytic Pollutant Degradation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:1341-1351. [PMID: 34964609 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a new graphene oxide (GO)-based membrane architecture that hosts cobalt catalysts within its nanoscale pore walls. Such an architecture would not be possible with catalysts in nanoscale, the current benchmark, since they would block the pores or alter the pore structure. Therefore, we developed a new synthesis procedure to load cobalt in an atomically dispersed fashion, the theoretical limit in material downsizing. The use of vitamin C as a mild reducing agent was critical to load Co as dispersed atoms (Co1), preserving the well-stacked 2D structure of GO layers. With the addition of peroxymonosulfate (PMS), the Co1-GO membrane efficiently degraded 1,4-dioxane, a small, neutral pollutant that passes through nanopores in single-pass treatment. The observed 1,4-dioxane degradation kinetics were much faster (>640 times) than the kinetics in suspension and the highest among reported persulfate-based 1,4-dioxane destruction. The capability of the membrane to reject large organic molecules alleviated their effects on radical scavenging. Furthermore, the advanced oxidation also mitigated membrane fouling. The findings of this study present a critical advance toward developing catalytic membranes with which two distinctive and complementary processes, membrane filtration and advanced oxidation, can be combined into a single-step treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanhao Wu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Kali Rigby
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Dahong Huang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Tayler Hedtke
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Xiaoxiong Wang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Myoung Won Chung
- School of Health and Environmental Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Weon
- School of Health and Environmental Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Eli Stavitski
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Jae-Hong Kim
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
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Ahmad Khorairi ANS, Sofian-Seng NS, Othaman R, Abdul Rahman H, Mohd Razali NS, Lim SJ, Wan Mustapha WA. A Review on Agro-industrial Waste as Cellulose and Nanocellulose Source and Their Potentials in Food Applications. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1926478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Noor-Soffalina Sofian-Seng
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rizafizah Othaman
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hafeedza Abdul Rahman
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noorul Syuhada Mohd Razali
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Seng Joe Lim
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Aida Wan Mustapha
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Alqaheem Y, Alomair AA. Microscopy and Spectroscopy Techniques for Characterization of Polymeric Membranes. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10020033. [PMID: 32102383 PMCID: PMC7074137 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric membrane is a proven technology for water purification and wastewater treatment. The membrane is also commercialized for gas separation, mainly for carbon dioxide removal and hydrogen recovery. Characterization techniques are excellent tools for exploring the membrane structure and the chemical properties. This information can be then optimized to improve the membrane for better performance. In this paper, characterization techniques for studying the physical structure such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) are discussed. Techniques for investigating the crystal structure such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) are also considered. Other tools for determining the functional groups such Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are reviewed. Methods for determining the elemental composition such as energy-dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray fluorescent (XRF), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are explored. The paper also gives general guidelines for sample preparation and data interpretation for each characterization technique.
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Evapoporometry adaptation to determine the lumen-side pore-size distribution (PSD) of hollow fiber and tubular membranes. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Sikora A, Rodak A, Unold O, Klapetek P. The development of the spatially correlated adjustment wavelet filter for atomic force microscopy data. Ultramicroscopy 2016; 171:146-152. [PMID: 27686275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper a novel approach for the practical utilization of the 2D wavelet filter in terms of the artifacts removal from atomic force microscopy measurements results is presented. The utilization of additional data such as summary photodiode signal map is implemented in terms of the identification of the areas requiring the data processing, filtering settings optimization and the verification of the process performance. Such an approach allows to perform the filtering parameters adjustment by average user, while the straightforward method requires an expertise in this field. The procedure was developed as the function of the Gwyddion software. The examples of filtering the phase imaging and Electrostatic Force Microscopy measurement result are presented. As the wavelet filtering feature may remove a local artifacts, its superior efficiency over similar approach with 2D Fast Fourier Transformate based filter (2D FFT) can be noticed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Sikora
- Electrotechnical Institute, Division of Electrotechnology and Materials Science, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 55/61, 50-369 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Aleksander Rodak
- Faculty of Electronics, Wrocław University of Technology, Janiszewskiego 11/17, 50-372 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Olgierd Unold
- Institute of Computer Engineering, Control and Robotics, Faculty of Electronics, Wrocław University of Technology, Janiszewskiego 11/17, 50-372 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Petr Klapetek
- Czech Metrology Institute, Okružní 31, 638 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Sundaramoorthi G, Hadwiger M, Ben-Romdhane M, Behzad AR, Madhavan P, Nunes SP. 3D Membrane Imaging and Porosity Visualization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Sundaramoorthi
- Visual Computing Center (VCC), ‡Imaging and Characterization
Core Lab, §Biological and Environmental
Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Markus Hadwiger
- Visual Computing Center (VCC), ‡Imaging and Characterization
Core Lab, §Biological and Environmental
Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Ben-Romdhane
- Visual Computing Center (VCC), ‡Imaging and Characterization
Core Lab, §Biological and Environmental
Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali R. Behzad
- Visual Computing Center (VCC), ‡Imaging and Characterization
Core Lab, §Biological and Environmental
Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Poornima Madhavan
- Visual Computing Center (VCC), ‡Imaging and Characterization
Core Lab, §Biological and Environmental
Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suzana P. Nunes
- Visual Computing Center (VCC), ‡Imaging and Characterization
Core Lab, §Biological and Environmental
Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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Lo Re G, Lopresti F, Petrucci G, Scaffaro R. A facile method to determine pore size distribution in porous scaffold by using image processing. Micron 2015; 76:37-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Ellouze F, Amar NB, Deratani A. Étude comparative de deux méthodes de caractérisation de membranes d’ultrafiltration et de nanofiltration : la porométrie bi-liquide et le transport de solutés neutres. CR CHIM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Kumar R, Ismail AF. Fouling control on microfiltration/ultrafiltration membranes: Effects of morphology, hydrophilicity, and charge. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesha Kumar
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Center; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; 81310 UTM Skudai Johor Malaysia
| | - A. F. Ismail
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Center; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; 81310 UTM Skudai Johor Malaysia
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ElHadidy AM, Peldszus S, Van Dyke MI. Effect of hydraulically reversible and hydraulically irreversible fouling on the removal of MS2 and φX174 bacteriophage by an ultrafiltration membrane. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 61:297-307. [PMID: 24967952 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The effect of membrane fouling on the removal of enteric virus surrogates MS2 and φX174 bacteriophage by an ultrafiltration membrane was assessed under simulated full-scale drinking water treatment operating conditions. Filtration experiments of up to 8 days using either river or lake water ascertained how the membrane fouling layer affected virus removal. Organic carbon fractionation techniques identified potential foulants, including biopolymers, in the feed water and in the permeate. Hydraulically irreversible fouling could greatly improve the removal of both viruses at moderate and severe fouling conditions by up to 2.5 logs. Hydraulically reversible fouling increased virus removal only slightly, and increased removal of >0.5 log for both phage were only obtained under severe fouling conditions. The increase in virus removal due to irreversible and reversible fouling differed between the two water sources. As the degree of fouling increased, differences between the removal of the two phage decreased. Maintenance cleaning partially removed membrane foulants, however virus removal following maintenance cleaning was lower than that of the fouled membrane, it remained higher than that of the clean membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M ElHadidy
- NSERC Chair in Water Treatment, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Sigrid Peldszus
- NSERC Chair in Water Treatment, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Michele I Van Dyke
- NSERC Chair in Water Treatment, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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ElHadidy AM, Peldszus S, Van Dyke MI. An evaluation of virus removal mechanisms by ultrafiltration membranes using MS2 and φX174 bacteriophage. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Surface-modified PSf UF membrane by UV-assisted graft polymerization of capsaicin derivative moiety for fouling and bacterial resistance. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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