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Kumari K, Tandon S, Ghosh S, Baligar P. Gelatin scaffold ameliorates proliferation & stem cell differentiation into the hepatic like cell and support liver regeneration in partial-hepatectomized mice model. Biomed Mater 2023; 18:065022. [PMID: 37860885 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad04fd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell-based tissue engineering is an emerging tool for developing functional tissues of choice. To understand pluripotency and hepatic differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) on a three-dimensional (3D) scaffold, we established an efficient approach for generating hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) from hepatoblast cells. We developed porous and biodegradable scaffold, which was stimulated with exogenous growth factors and investigated stemness and differentiation capacity of mESCs into HLCs on the scaffoldin-vitro. In animal studies, we had cultured mESCs-derived hepatoblast-like cells on the scaffold and then, transplanted them into the partially hepatectomized C57BL/6 male mice model to evaluate the effect of gelatin scaffold on hepatic regeneration. The 3D culture system allowed maintenance of stemness properties in mESCs. The step-wise induction of mESCs with differentiation factors leads to the formation of HLCs and expressed liver-specific genes, including albumin, hepatocyte nucleic factor 4 alpha, and cytokeratin 18. In addition, cells also expressed Ki67, indicating cells are proliferating. The secretome showed expression of albumin, urea, creatinine, alanine transaminase, and aspartate aminotransferase. However, the volume of the excised liver which aids regeneration has not been studied. Our results indicate that hepatoblast cells on the scaffold implanted in PH mouse indicates that these cells efficiently differentiate into HLCs and cholangiocytes, forming hepatic lobules with central and portal veins, and bile duct-like structures with neovascularization. The gelatin scaffold provides an efficient microenvironment for liver differentiation and regeneration bothin-vitroandin-vivo. These hepatoblasts cells would be a valuable source for 3D liver tissue engineering/transplantation in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshama Kumari
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Sourabh Ghosh
- Regenerative Engineering Laboratory, Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Prakash Baligar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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2
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Song Y, Zhang Y, Qu Q, Zhang X, Lu T, Xu J, Ma W, Zhu M, Huang C, Xiong R. Biomaterials based on hyaluronic acid, collagen and peptides for three-dimensional cell culture and their application in stem cell differentiation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:14-36. [PMID: 36436602 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture technologies have been developed rapidly in the field of tissue engineering and regeneration, and have shown unique advantages and great prospects in the differentiation of stem cells. Herein, the article reviews the progress and advantages of 3D cell culture technologies in the field of stem cell differentiation. Firstly, 3D cell culture technologies are divided into two main categories: scaffoldless and scaffolds. Secondly, the effects of hydrogels scaffolds and porous scaffolds on stem cell differentiation in the scaffold category were mainly reviewed. Among them, hydrogels scaffolds are divided into natural hydrogels and synthetic hydrogels. Natural materials include polysaccharides, proteins, and their derivatives, focusing on hyaluronic acid, collagen and polypeptides. Synthetic materials mainly include polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), etc. In addition, since the preparation techniques have a large impact on the properties of porous scaffolds, several techniques for preparing porous scaffolds based on different macromolecular materials are reviewed. Finally, the future prospects and challenges of 3D cell culture in the field of stem cell differentiation are reviewed. This review will provide a useful guideline for the selection of materials and techniques for 3D cell culture in stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Song
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qingli Qu
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Tao Lu
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wenjing Ma
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhu
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chaobo Huang
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Ranhua Xiong
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China.
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3
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Radu ER, Voicu SI, Thakur VK. Polymeric Membranes for Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030619. [PMID: 36771921 PMCID: PMC9919920 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymeric membranes are selective materials used in a wide range of applications that require separation processes, from water filtration and purification to industrial separations. Because of these materials' remarkable properties, namely, selectivity, membranes are also used in a wide range of biomedical applications that require separations. Considering the fact that most organs (apart from the heart and brain) have separation processes associated with the physiological function (kidneys, lungs, intestines, stomach, etc.), technological solutions have been developed to replace the function of these organs with the help of polymer membranes. This review presents the main biomedical applications of polymer membranes, such as hemodialysis (for chronic kidney disease), membrane-based artificial oxygenators (for artificial lung), artificial liver, artificial pancreas, and membranes for osseointegration and drug delivery systems based on membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ruxandra Radu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- Advanced Polymers Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Stefan Ioan Voicu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- Advanced Polymers Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (S.I.V.); (V.K.T.)
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
- Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
- Correspondence: (S.I.V.); (V.K.T.)
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4
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Sphabmixay P, Raredon MSB, Wang AJS, Lee H, Hammond PT, Fang NX, Griffith LG. High resolution stereolithography fabrication of perfusable scaffolds to enable long-term meso-scale hepatic culture for disease modeling. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 34479229 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac23aa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Microphysiological systems (MPS), comprising human cell cultured in formats that capture features of the three-dimensional (3D) microenvironments of native human organs under microperfusion, are promising tools for biomedical research. Here we report the development of a mesoscale physiological system (MePS) enabling the long-term 3D perfused culture of primary human hepatocytes at scales of over 106cells per MPS. A central feature of the MePS, which employs a commercially-available multiwell bioreactor for perfusion, is a novel scaffold comprising a dense network of nano- and micro-porous polymer channels, designed to provide appropriate convective and diffusive mass transfer of oxygen and other nutrients while maintaining physiological values of shear stress. The scaffold design is realized by a high resolution stereolithography fabrication process employing a novel resin. This new culture system sustains mesoscopic hepatic tissue-like cultures with greater hepatic functionality (assessed by albumin and urea synthesis, and CYP3A4 activity) and lower inflammation markers compared to comparable cultures on the commercial polystyrene scaffold. To illustrate applications to disease modeling, we established an insulin-resistant phenotype by exposing liver cells to hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic media. Future applications of the MePS include the co-culture of hepatocytes with resident immune cells and the integration with multiple organs to model complex liver-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Sphabmixay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America.,Whitehead Institute of Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Micha Sam Brickman Raredon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Alex J-S Wang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Howon Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Paula T Hammond
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America.,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Nicholas X Fang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Linda G Griffith
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America.,Center for Gynepathology Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
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5
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Morelli S, Piscioneri A, Salerno S, De Bartolo L. Hollow Fiber and Nanofiber Membranes in Bioartificial Liver and Neuronal Tissue Engineering. Cells Tissues Organs 2021; 211:447-476. [PMID: 33849029 DOI: 10.1159/000511680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, the creation of biomimetic devices for the regeneration and repair of injured or diseased tissues and organs remains a crucial challenge in tissue engineering. Membrane technology offers advanced approaches to realize multifunctional tools with permissive environments well-controlled at molecular level for the development of functional tissues and organs. Membranes in fiber configuration with precisely controlled, tunable topography, and physical, biochemical, and mechanical cues, can direct and control the function of different kinds of cells toward the recovery from disorders and injuries. At the same time, fiber tools also provide the potential to model diseases in vitro for investigating specific biological phenomena as well as for drug testing. The purpose of this review is to present an overview of the literature concerning the development of hollow fibers and electrospun fiber membranes used in bioartificial organs, tissue engineered constructs, and in vitro bioreactors. With the aim to highlight the main biomedical applications of fiber-based systems, the first part reviews the fibers for bioartificial liver and liver tissue engineering with special attention to their multifunctional role in the long-term maintenance of specific liver functions and in driving hepatocyte differentiation. The second part reports the fiber-based systems used for neuronal tissue applications including advanced approaches for the creation of novel nerve conduits and in vitro models of brain tissue. Besides presenting recent advances and achievements, this work also delineates existing limitations and highlights emerging possibilities and future prospects in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Morelli
- Institute on Membrane Technology, National Research Council of Italy, CNR-ITM, Rende, Italy
| | - Antonella Piscioneri
- Institute on Membrane Technology, National Research Council of Italy, CNR-ITM, Rende, Italy
| | - Simona Salerno
- Institute on Membrane Technology, National Research Council of Italy, CNR-ITM, Rende, Italy
| | - Loredana De Bartolo
- Institute on Membrane Technology, National Research Council of Italy, CNR-ITM, Rende, Italy
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6
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Wang S, Suhaimi H, Mabrouk M, Georgiadou S, Ward JP, Das DB. Effects of Scaffold Pore Morphologies on Glucose Transport Limitations in Hollow Fibre Membrane Bioreactor for Bone Tissue Engineering: Experiments and Numerical Modelling. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11040257. [PMID: 33918241 PMCID: PMC8065773 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11040257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the current research, three electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds with different pore morphology induced by changing the electrospinning parameters, spinning time and rate, have been prepared in order to provide a fundamental understanding on the effects pore morphology have on nutrient transport behaviour in hollow fibre membrane bioreactor (HFMB). After determining the porosity of the scaffolds, they were investigated for glucose diffusivity using cell culture media (CCM) and distilled water in a diffusion cell at 37 °C. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the microstructure of the scaffolds were analysed further using ImageJ software to determine the porosity and glucose diffusivity. A Krogh cylinder model was used to determine the glucose transport profile with dimensionless variables within the HFMB. The paper discusses the roles of various dimensionless numbers (e.g., Péclet and Damköhler numbers) and non-dimensional groups of variables (e.g., non-dimensional fibre radius) on determining glucose concentration profiles, especially in the scaffold region. A negative linear relationship between glucose diffusivities across PCL scaffolds and the minimum glucose concentrations (i.e., concentration on the outer fibre edge on the outlet side (at z = 1 and r = 3.2) was also found. It was shown that the efficiency of glucose consumption improves with scaffolds of higher diffusivities. The results of this study are expected to help in optimizing designs of HFMB as well as carry out more accurate up scaling analyses for the bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE113TU, UK; (S.W.); (H.S.); (M.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Hazwani Suhaimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE113TU, UK; (S.W.); (H.S.); (M.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Mostafa Mabrouk
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE113TU, UK; (S.W.); (H.S.); (M.M.); (S.G.)
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre, 33El Bohouth St. (former EL Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza P.O. Box 12622, Egypt
| | - Stella Georgiadou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE113TU, UK; (S.W.); (H.S.); (M.M.); (S.G.)
| | - John P. Ward
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE113TU, UK;
| | - Diganta B. Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE113TU, UK; (S.W.); (H.S.); (M.M.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-1-509-222-509
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7
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Sikorska W, Wasyłeczko M, Przytulska M, Wojciechowski C, Rokicki G, Chwojnowski A. Chemical Degradation of PSF-PUR Blend Hollow Fiber Membranes-Assessment of Changes in Properties and Morphology after Hydrolysis. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:51. [PMID: 33445806 PMCID: PMC7828234 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we focused on obtaining polysulfone-polyurethane (PSF-PUR) blend partly degradable hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) with different compositions while maintaining a constant PSF:PUR = 8:2 weight ratio. It was carried out through hydrolysis, and evaluation of the properties and morphology before and after the hydrolysis process while maintaining a constant cut-off. The obtained membranes were examined for changes in ultrafiltration coefficient (UFC), retention, weight loss, morphology assessment using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and MeMoExplorer™ Software, as well as using the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) method. The results of the study showed an increase in the UFC value after the hydrolysis process, changes in retention, mass loss, and FT-IR spectra. The evaluation in MeMoExplorer™ Software showed the changes in membranes' morphology. It was confirmed that polyurethane (PUR) was partially degraded, the percentage of ester bonds has an influence on the degradation process, and PUR can be used as a pore precursor instead of superbly known polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioleta Sikorska
- Nałęcz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Trojdena 4 Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; (M.W.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (A.C.)
| | - Monika Wasyłeczko
- Nałęcz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Trojdena 4 Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; (M.W.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (A.C.)
| | - Małgorzata Przytulska
- Nałęcz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Trojdena 4 Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; (M.W.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (A.C.)
| | - Cezary Wojciechowski
- Nałęcz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Trojdena 4 Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; (M.W.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (A.C.)
| | - Gabriel Rokicki
- Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3 Street, 00-644 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Chwojnowski
- Nałęcz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Trojdena 4 Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; (M.W.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (A.C.)
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8
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Huang D, Gibeley SB, Xu C, Xiao Y, Celik O, Ginsberg HN, Leong KW. Engineering liver microtissues for disease modeling and regenerative medicine. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:1909553. [PMID: 33390875 PMCID: PMC7774671 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201909553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The burden of liver diseases is increasing worldwide, accounting for two million deaths annually. In the past decade, tremendous progress has been made in the basic and translational research of liver tissue engineering. Liver microtissues are small, three-dimensional hepatocyte cultures that recapitulate liver physiology and have been used in biomedical research and regenerative medicine. This review summarizes recent advances, challenges, and future directions in liver microtissue research. Cellular engineering approaches are used to sustain primary hepatocytes or produce hepatocytes derived from pluripotent stem cells and other adult tissues. Three-dimensional microtissues are generated by scaffold-free assembly or scaffold-assisted methods such as macroencapsulation, droplet microfluidics, and bioprinting. Optimization of the hepatic microenvironment entails incorporating the appropriate cell composition for enhanced cell-cell interactions and niche-specific signals, and creating scaffolds with desired chemical, mechanical and physical properties. Perfusion-based culture systems such as bioreactors and microfluidic systems are used to achieve efficient exchange of nutrients and soluble factors. Taken together, systematic optimization of liver microtissues is a multidisciplinary effort focused on creating liver cultures and on-chip models with greater structural complexity and physiological relevance for use in liver disease research, therapeutic development, and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dantong Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Sarah B. Gibeley
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Cong Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Ozgenur Celik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Henry N. Ginsberg
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kam W. Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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9
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Farzaneh Z, Abbasalizadeh S, Asghari-Vostikolaee MH, Alikhani M, Cabral JMS, Baharvand H. Dissolved oxygen concentration regulates human hepatic organoid formation from pluripotent stem cells in a fully controlled bioreactor. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:3739-3756. [PMID: 32725885 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Developing technologies for scalable production of human organoids has gained increased attention for "organoid medicine" and drug discovery. We developed a scalable and integrated differentiation process for generation of hepatic organoid from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in a fully controlled stirred tank bioreactor with 150 ml working volume by application of physiological oxygen concentrations in different liver tissue zones. We found that the 20-40% dissolved oxygen concentration [DO] (corresponded to 30-60 mmHg pO2 within the liver tissue) significantly influences the process outcome via regulating the differentiation fate of hPSC aggregates by enhancing mesoderm induction. Regulation of the [DO] at 30% DO resulted in efficient generation of human fetal-like hepatic organoids that had a uniform size distribution and were comprised of red blood cells and functional hepatocytes, which exhibited improved liver-specific marker gene expressions, key liver metabolic functions, and, more important, higher inducible cytochrome P450 activity compared to the other trials. These hepatic organoids were successfully engrafted in an acute liver injury mouse model and produced albumin after implantation. These results demonstrated the significant impact of the dissolved oxygen concentration on hPSC hepatic differentiation fate and differentiation efficacy that should be considered ascritical translational aspect of established scalable liver organoid generation protocols for potential clinical and drug discovery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Farzaneh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Abbasalizadeh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Bioengineering and IBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Institute Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mohammad-Hassan Asghari-Vostikolaee
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Alikhani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Joaquim M S Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering and IBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Institute Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Nikmaneshi MR, Firoozabadi B, Munn LL. A mechanobiological mathematical model of liver metabolism. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:2861-2874. [PMID: 32501531 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The liver plays a complex role in metabolism and detoxification, and better tools are needed to understand its function and to develop liver-targeted therapies. In this study, we establish a mechanobiological model of liver transport and hepatocyte biology to elucidate the metabolism of urea and albumin, the production/detoxification of ammonia, and consumption of oxygen and nutrients. Since hepatocellular shear stress (SS) can influence the enzymatic activities of liver, the effect of SS on the urea and albumin synthesis are empirically modeled through the mechanotransduction mechanisms. The results demonstrate that the rheology and dynamics of the sinusoid flow can significantly affect liver metabolism. We show that perfusate rheology and blood hematocrit can affect urea and albumin production by changing hepatocyte mechanosensitive metabolism. The model can also simulate enzymatic diseases of the liver such as hyperammonemia I, hyperammonemia II, hyperarginemia, citrollinemia, and argininosuccinicaciduria, which disrupt the urea metabolism and ammonia detoxification. The model is also able to predict how aggregate cultures of hepatocytes differ from single cell cultures. We conclude that in vitro perfusable devices for the study of liver metabolism or personalized medicine should be designed with similar morphology and fluid dynamics as patient liver tissue. This robust model can be adapted to any type of hepatocyte culture to determine how hepatocyte viability, functionality, and metabolism are influenced by liver pathologies and environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad R Nikmaneshi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bahar Firoozabadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Lance L Munn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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11
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Menshutina NV, Guseva EV, Safarov RR, Boudrant J. Modelling of hollow fiber membrane bioreactor for mammalian cell cultivation using computational hydrodynamics. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 43:549-567. [PMID: 31786664 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02249-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The hollow fiber membrane bioreactor (HFMB) has been investigated for the cultivation of mammalian Chinese hamster ovary cell expansion. The experiments were carried out in Petri's dishes and in the hollow fiber membrane bioreactor having 20 fibers (S2025 from FiberCell Systems). The approach to HFMB modelling which combines the model of cell growth kinetics and hydrodynamics has been proposed. The hydrodynamic model is made using ANSYS Fluent software. The mathematical model of HFMB was developed, allowing the study of the hydrodynamics into the lumen and the extracapillary spaces, the filtration through the membrane fiber with the cell expansion on outer membrane surface. The direct nutrient medium flow variant into the extracapillary space was suggested. Based on the numerical simulations, the optimal parameters were selected for daily changes in the medium flow-rate into the lumen space. The HFMB scaling up was performed for the larger size HFMB (60 fibers).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Menshutina
- Department of Cybernetics of Chemical Processes, Faculty of Information Technologies and Chemical Engineering, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya Sq., 9, 125047, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena V Guseva
- Department of Cybernetics of Chemical Processes, Faculty of Information Technologies and Chemical Engineering, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya Sq., 9, 125047, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Ruslan R Safarov
- Department of Cybernetics of Chemical Processes, Faculty of Information Technologies and Chemical Engineering, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya Sq., 9, 125047, Moscow, Russia
| | - Joseph Boudrant
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, University of Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, 54000, Nancy, France
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12
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Firouzi N, Baradar Khoshfetrat A, Kazemi D. Enzymatically gellable gelatin improves nano-hydroxyapatite-alginate microcapsule characteristics for modular bone tissue formation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 108:340-350. [PMID: 31618526 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To maintain gelatin (Gel) as adhesive motifs inside alginate microcapsule as building blocks of modular approach, phenol moiety (Ph) was introduced into gelatin (Gel Ph). Addition of Gel Ph to alginate (Alg-Gel Ph) dramatically altered the physical properties of alginate-based hydrogels as compared to unmodified gelatin (Alg-Gel) addition. Alg-Gel Ph hydrogels revealed a dramatically lower swelling ratios (63%) as compared to Alg-Gel hydrogels (150%). Moreover, Gel Ph decreased 40% degradation rate of alginate-based hydrogels after 72 hr, while increasing compressive modulus 3.5-fold as compared to Alg-Gel hydrogels. Introducing nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) to Alg-Gel Ph hydrogel (Alg-Gel Ph-nHA) could reduce degradation rate to 41.5% and improve compressive modulus of hydrogels significantly, reaching to 294 ± 2.5 kPa. The microencapsulated osteoblast-like cells proliferated considerably and showed more metabolic activities (two times) in Alg-Gel Ph-nHA microcapsules during a 21-day culture period, resulting in more calcium deposition and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities. The subcutaneous microcapsules could also be identified readily without complete absorption and signs of toxicity or any untoward reactions and viable osteoblast-like cells were seen as red colored areas in the central regions of cell-laden microcapsules after 1 month. The study demonstrated Alg-Gel Ph-nHA microcapsule as a promising 3D microenvironment for modular bone tissue formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Firouzi
- Chemical Engineering Faculty, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran.,Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Laboratory, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Baradar Khoshfetrat
- Chemical Engineering Faculty, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran.,Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Laboratory, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Davoud Kazemi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
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13
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Sharifi F, Firoozabadi B, Firoozbakhsh K. Numerical Investigations of Hepatic Spheroids Metabolic Reactions in a Perfusion Bioreactor. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:221. [PMID: 31572719 PMCID: PMC6751279 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Miniaturized culture systems of hepatic cells are emerging as a strong tool facilitating studies related to liver diseases and drug discovery. However, the experimental optimization of various parameters involved in the operation of these systems is time-consuming and expensive. Hence, developing numerical tools predicting the function of such systems can significantly reduce the associated cost. In this paper, a perfusion-based three dimensional (3D) bioreactor comprising encapsulated human liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) spheroids are analyzed. The flow and mass transfer equations for oxygen as well as different metabolites such as albumin, glucose, glutamine, ammonia, and urea were solved in three different domains, i.e., free flow, hydrogel, and spheroid porous media sections. Since the spheroids were encapsulated inside the hydrogel, shear stress imposed on them were found to be less than tolerable thresholds. The predicted cumulative albumin concentration over the 7 days of culture period showed a good agreement with the experimental data. Based on the critical role of oxygen supply to the hepatocytes, a parametric study was performed and the effect of various parameters was investigated. Results illustrated that convection mechanism was the dominant transport mechanism in the main-stream section contrary to the intra spheroids parts where the diffusion was the prevailing transport mechanism. In the hydrogel parts, the rate of diffusion and convection mechanisms were almost identical. As expected, higher perfusion rate would provide high oxygen level for the cells and, smaller spheroids with a diameter of 100 μm were at the low risk of hypoxic conditions due to short diffusive oxygen penetration depth. Numerical results evidenced that spheroids with diameter size >200 μm at low porosities (ε = 0.2-0.3) were at risk of oxygen depletion, especially at locations near the core center. Therefore, these results could be beneficial in preventing hypoxic conditions during in vitro experiments. The presented numerical model provides a numerical platform which can help researchers to design and optimize complex bioreactors and obtain numerical indexes of the main metabolites in a very short time prior to any fabrications. Such numerical indexes can be helpful in certifying the outcomes of forensic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bahar Firoozabadi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Wang Y, Gu L, Xu F, Xin F, Ma J, Jiang M, Fang Y. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Branched Glycopolymer Brushes as the Artificial Glycocalyx for Lectin Specific Binding. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:4445-4452. [PMID: 30845797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The artificial glycocalyx fabricated by carbohydrates is of interest because it provides a platform to simulate the cell membranes that widely exist in the nature, and thus enable extensive applications to be implantable in bioengineering. Here, we present a green strategy combining two polymerization techniques, surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) and enzyme-catalyzed elongation of polysaccharide, for fabricating densely packed branched glycopolymer brushes on the gold surface as the artificial glycocalyx. In this strategy, SI-ATRP is first performed to graft a linear polymer chain for anchoring maltose, which can be used as an enzyme acceptor for dextransucrase (DSase). Under DSase, a branched polysaccharide is efficiently formed through elongation of a sucrose substrate. Undoubtedly, enzymatic transglycosylation has unique advantages, such as being green, regio-, and stereo-selective, etc. The process of DSase-catalyzed polysaccharide is well monitored by a quartz crystal microbalance, and the grafting density of the glycopolymer brushes is estimated to be 0.7 chain nm-2 with 23.0 nm dry thickness. The polysaccharide brushes display a branched structure consisting of α-d-glucose residues with 5% of α-1,3-linked shorter chain branches, and the branched structure is well characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared/mirror reflection, water contact angle analysis, and atomic force microscopy. Compared with the linear maltose-anchored brushes, the branched glycopolymer analog prepared here shows high specific binding capacity of concanavalin A recognition, which should be of use in biomedical application.
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15
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Legallais C, Kim D, Mihaila SM, Mihajlovic M, Figliuzzi M, Bonandrini B, Salerno S, Yousef Yengej FA, Rookmaaker MB, Sanchez Romero N, Sainz-Arnal P, Pereira U, Pasqua M, Gerritsen KGF, Verhaar MC, Remuzzi A, Baptista PM, De Bartolo L, Masereeuw R, Stamatialis D. Bioengineering Organs for Blood Detoxification. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800430. [PMID: 30230709 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
For patients with severe kidney or liver failure the best solution is currently organ transplantation. However, not all patients are eligible for transplantation and due to limited organ availability, most patients are currently treated with therapies using artificial kidney and artificial liver devices. These therapies, despite their relative success in preserving the patients' life, have important limitations since they can only replace part of the natural kidney or liver functions. As blood detoxification (and other functions) in these highly perfused organs is achieved by specialized cells, it seems relevant to review the approaches leading to bioengineered organs fulfilling most of the native organ functions. There, the culture of cells of specific phenotypes on adapted scaffolds that can be perfused takes place. In this review paper, first the functions of kidney and liver organs are briefly described. Then artificial kidney/liver devices, bioartificial kidney devices, and bioartificial liver devices are focused on, as well as biohybrid constructs obtained by decellularization and recellularization of animal organs. For all organs, a thorough overview of the literature is given and the perspectives for their application in the clinic are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Legallais
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering; Université de technologie de Compiègne; Sorbonne Universités; 60203 Compiègne France
| | - Dooli Kim
- (Bio)artificial organs; Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology; Faculty of Science and Technology; TechMed Institute; University of Twente; P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia M. Mihaila
- Division of Pharmacology; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht; Utrecht University; Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Milos Mihajlovic
- Division of Pharmacology; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Marina Figliuzzi
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri; via Stezzano 87 24126 Bergamo Italy
| | - Barbara Bonandrini
- Department of Chemistry; Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”; Politecnico di Milano; Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Simona Salerno
- Institute on Membrane Technology; National Research Council of Italy; ITM-CNR; Via Pietro BUCCI, Cubo 17C - 87036 Rende Italy
| | - Fjodor A. Yousef Yengej
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht; Utrecht University; Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Maarten B. Rookmaaker
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht; Utrecht University; Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | | | - Pilar Sainz-Arnal
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragon); 50009 Zaragoza Spain
- Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS); 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Ulysse Pereira
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering; Université de technologie de Compiègne; Sorbonne Universités; 60203 Compiègne France
| | - Mattia Pasqua
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering; Université de technologie de Compiègne; Sorbonne Universités; 60203 Compiègne France
| | - Karin G. F. Gerritsen
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht; Utrecht University; Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Marianne C. Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht; Utrecht University; Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Remuzzi
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri; via Stezzano 87 24126 Bergamo Italy
- Department of Management; Information and Production Engineering; University of Bergamo; viale Marconi 5 24044 Dalmine Italy
| | - Pedro M. Baptista
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragon); 50009 Zaragoza Spain
- Department of Management; Information and Production Engineering; University of Bergamo; viale Marconi 5 24044 Dalmine Italy
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área Temática de Enfermedades Hepáticas (CIBERehd); 28029 Barcelona Spain
- Fundación ARAID; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz; 28040 Madrid Spain. Department of Biomedical and Aerospace Engineering; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; 28911 Madrid Spain
| | - Loredana De Bartolo
- Institute on Membrane Technology; National Research Council of Italy; ITM-CNR; Via Pietro BUCCI, Cubo 17C - 87036 Rende Italy
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Dimitrios Stamatialis
- (Bio)artificial organs; Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology; Faculty of Science and Technology; TechMed Institute; University of Twente; P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
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Salerno S, Curcio E, Bader A, Giorno L, Drioli E, De Bartolo L. Gas permeable membrane bioreactor for the co-culture of human skin derived mesenchymal stem cells with hepatocytes and endothelial cells. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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17
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Piscioneri A, Ahmed HMM, Morelli S, Khakpour S, Giorno L, Drioli E, De Bartolo L. Membrane bioreactor to guide hepatic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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18
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Piemonte V, Cerbelli S, Capocelli M, Di Paola L, Prisciandaro M, Basile A. Design of microfluidic bioreactors: Transport regimes. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Piemonte
- Faculty of Engineering; University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Stefano Cerbelli
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Rome “La Sapienza”; Rome Italy
| | - Mauro Capocelli
- Faculty of Engineering; University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Luisa Di Paola
- Faculty of Engineering; University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Marina Prisciandaro
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and of Economics; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
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Dong X, Zou S, Guo C, Wang K, Zhao F, Fan H, Yin J, Chen D. Multifunctional redox-responsive and CD44 receptor targeting polymer-drug nanomedicine based curcumin and alendronate: synthesis, characterization and in vitro evaluation. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:168-177. [PMID: 29239219 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1416390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The traditional therapy of cancer has systemic side effects, and many cancers, such as human breast cancer and lung cancer easily metastasize to bones, leading to the formation of secondary tumours. This study was aimed at enhancing the anti-tumour effect of curcumin (CUR) and preventing tumour spread to the bone. A novel multifunctional redox-responsive and CD44 receptor targeting polymer-drug, poly alendronate-hyaluronan-S-S-curcumin copolymer (ALN-oHA-S-S-CUR) based CUR and alendronate (ALN) were synthesized successfully with the disulphide bond linker. The structure of ALN-oHA-S-S-CUR was characterized by 1H-NMR. The nanomedicine had natural anti-tumour drugs (CUR) as the hydrophobic kernel, and targeting CD44 receptor oligosaccharides of hyaluronan (oHA) and other anti-tumour drugs (ALN) as hydrophilic shell, named ALN-oHA-S-S-CUR conjugates, which could self-assemble into micelle-like nano-spheres in water via a dialysis method with hydrodynamic diameters of 179 ± 23 nm. Interestingly, the cur-loaded ALN-oHA-S-S-CUR micelles were stable in PBS but were capable of releasing the drug under the reducing environment. The rate of drug release was proportional to the GSH concentration. The uptake and cytotoxicity of micelles were higher in MDA-MB-231 cells than in MCF-7 cells because of a higher expression of the CD44 receptor in the former cell line. And compared to the cur-loaded oHA-CUR micelles, the cur-loaded ALN-oHA-S-S-CUR micelles had a good cellular uptake in 2D cancer cell and penetrability in 3D cancer cell spheroids. These results indicated the active targeting redox-sensitive micelles were promising as intracellular drug delivery systems for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Dong
- a Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs , Universities of Shandong, Yantai University , Yantai , PR China
| | - Shaohua Zou
- b Department of Pharmaceutics , Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University , Yantai , PR China
| | - Chunjing Guo
- a Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs , Universities of Shandong, Yantai University , Yantai , PR China
| | - Kaili Wang
- a Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs , Universities of Shandong, Yantai University , Yantai , PR China
| | - Feng Zhao
- a Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs , Universities of Shandong, Yantai University , Yantai , PR China
| | - Huaying Fan
- a Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs , Universities of Shandong, Yantai University , Yantai , PR China
| | - Jungang Yin
- a Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs , Universities of Shandong, Yantai University , Yantai , PR China
| | - Daquan Chen
- a Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs , Universities of Shandong, Yantai University , Yantai , PR China
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