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Salazar‐Gastélum LJ, Beltrán‐Gastélum M, Calva‐Yañez JC, Lin SW, Chávez‐Velasco D, Salazar‐Gastélum MI, Pérez‐Sicairos S. Synthesis and ex‐situ evaluation of quaternized polysulfone as an anion exchange ionomer for AEM technologies. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis J. Salazar‐Gastélum
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Tijuana/Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química Tijuana Mexico
| | - Mara Beltrán‐Gastélum
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Tijuana/Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química Tijuana Mexico
| | - Julio C. Calva‐Yañez
- CONACyT‐Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Tijuana/Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química Tijuana Mexico
| | - Shui Wai Lin
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Tijuana/Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química Tijuana Mexico
| | - Daniel Chávez‐Velasco
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Tijuana/Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química Tijuana Mexico
| | - Moisés I. Salazar‐Gastélum
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Tijuana/Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química Tijuana Mexico
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Tijuana/Posgrado en Ciencias de la Ingeniería Tijuana Mexico
| | - Sergio Pérez‐Sicairos
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Tijuana/Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química Tijuana Mexico
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2
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Omichi M, Seko N, Maekawa Y. Synergizing radiation-induced emulsion graft polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate on polyethylene-coated polypropylene nonwoven fabric by addition of hydrophobic alcohols. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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3
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Yang W, Liu S, Yan J, Zhong F, Jia N, Yan Y, Zhang Q. Metallo-Polyelectrolyte-Based Robust Anion Exchange Membranes via Acetalation of a Commodity Polymer. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Yang
- Chongqing Technology Innovation Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing 401135, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Chongqing Technology Innovation Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing 401135, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, P. R. China
| | - Jing Yan
- Chongqing Technology Innovation Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing 401135, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, P. R. China
| | - Fenglin Zhong
- Queen Mary University of London Engineering School, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, P. R. China
| | - Nanfang Jia
- Beijing BOE Display Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, P. R. China
| | - Yi Yan
- Chongqing Technology Innovation Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing 401135, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, P. R. China
| | - Qiuyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, P. R. China
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Hamada T, Zhao Y, Yoshimura K, Radulescu A, Ohwada K, Maekawa Y. Hydrophobic Effect on Alkaline Stability of Graft Chains in Ammonium‐type Anion Exchange Membranes Prepared by Radiation‐Induced Graft Polymerization. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hamada
- Department of Advanced Functional Materials Research Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST) 1233 Watanuki Takasaki Gunma 370-1292 Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Advanced Functional Materials Research Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST) 1233 Watanuki Takasaki Gunma 370-1292 Japan
| | - Kimio Yoshimura
- Department of Advanced Functional Materials Research Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST) 1233 Watanuki Takasaki Gunma 370-1292 Japan
| | - Aurel Radulescu
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Lichtenbergstraße 1 D-85747 Garching Germany
| | - Kenji Ohwada
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST) 1-1-1 Kouto Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Yasunari Maekawa
- Department of Advanced Functional Materials Research Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST) 1233 Watanuki Takasaki Gunma 370-1292 Japan
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Jheng LC, Cheng CW, Ho KS, Hsu SLC, Hsu CY, Lin BY, Ho TH. Dimethylimidazolium-Functionalized Polybenzimidazole and Its Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Membranes for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2864. [PMID: 34502904 PMCID: PMC8456347 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A quaternized polybenzimidazole (PBI) membrane was synthesized by grafting a dimethylimidazolium end-capped side chain onto PBI. The organic-inorganic hybrid membrane of the quaternized PBI was prepared via a silane-induced crosslinking process with triethoxysilylpropyl dimethylimidazolium chloride. The chemical structure and membrane morphology were characterized using NMR, FTIR, TGA, SEM, EDX, AFM, SAXS, and XPS techniques. Compared with the pristine membrane of dimethylimidazolium-functionalized PBI, its hybrid membrane exhibited a lower swelling ratio, higher mechanical strength, and better oxidative stability. However, the morphology of hydrophilic/hydrophobic phase separation, which facilitates the ion transport along hydrophilic channels, only successfully developed in the pristine membrane. As a result, the hydroxide conductivity of the pristine membrane (5.02 × 10-2 S cm-1 at 80 °C) was measured higher than that of the hybrid membrane (2.22 × 10-2 S cm-1 at 80 °C). The hydroxide conductivity and tensile results suggested that both membranes had good alkaline stability in 2M KOH solution at 80 °C. Furthermore, the maximum power densities of the pristine and hybrid membranes of dimethylimidazolium-functionalized PBI reached 241 mW cm-2 and 152 mW cm-2 at 60 °C, respectively. The fuel cell performance result demonstrates that these two membranes are promising as AEMs for fuel cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Cheng Jheng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan; (L.-C.J.); (K.-S.H.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Cheng-Wei Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;
| | - Ko-Shan Ho
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan; (L.-C.J.); (K.-S.H.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Steve Lien-Chung Hsu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;
| | - Chung-Yen Hsu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan; (L.-C.J.); (K.-S.H.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Bi-Yun Lin
- Instrument Center of National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;
| | - Tsung-Han Ho
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan; (L.-C.J.); (K.-S.H.); (C.-Y.H.)
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6
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Current progress in membranes for fuel cells and reverse electrodialysis. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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7
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Hamada T, Yoshimura K, Takeuchi K, Watanabe S, Zhao Y, Hiroki A, Hagiwara T, Shishitani H, Yamaguchi S, Tanaka H, Radulescu A, Ohwada K, Maekawa Y. Synthesis and Characterization of 4‐Vinylimidazolium/Styrene‐Cografted Anion‐Conducting Electrolyte Membranes. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hamada
- Department of Advanced Functional Materials Research Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST) 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki Gunma 370‐1292 Japan
| | - Kimio Yoshimura
- Department of Advanced Functional Materials Research Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST) 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki Gunma 370‐1292 Japan
| | - Kota Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology Gunma University 1‐5‐1 Tenjin‐cho, Kiryu Gunma 376‐8515 Japan
| | - Shun Watanabe
- Graduate School of Engineering Saitama Institute of Technology 1690 Fusaiji, Fukaya Saitama 369‐0293 Japan
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Advanced Functional Materials Research Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST) 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki Gunma 370‐1292 Japan
| | - Akihiro Hiroki
- Department of Advanced Functional Materials Research Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST) 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki Gunma 370‐1292 Japan
| | - Tokio Hagiwara
- Graduate School of Engineering Saitama Institute of Technology 1690 Fusaiji, Fukaya Saitama 369‐0293 Japan
| | - Hideyuki Shishitani
- Daihatsu Motor Co., Ltd. 3000 Ohaza Yamanoue, Ryuo Gamo Shiga 520‐2593 Japan
| | - Susumu Yamaguchi
- Daihatsu Motor Co., Ltd. 3000 Ohaza Yamanoue, Ryuo Gamo Shiga 520‐2593 Japan
| | - Hirohisa Tanaka
- Daihatsu Motor Co., Ltd. 3000 Ohaza Yamanoue, Ryuo Gamo Shiga 520‐2593 Japan
| | - Aurel Radulescu
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science@MLZ Lichtenbergstraße 1 Garching D‐85747 Germany
| | - Kenji Ohwada
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST) 1‐1‐1 Kouto, Sayo Hyogo 679‐5148 Japan
| | - Yasunari Maekawa
- Department of Advanced Functional Materials Research Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST) 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki Gunma 370‐1292 Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology Gunma University 1‐5‐1 Tenjin‐cho, Kiryu Gunma 376‐8515 Japan
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8
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Lim KL, Wong CY, Wong WY, Loh KS, Selambakkannu S, Othman NAF, Yang H. Radiation-Grafted Anion-Exchange Membrane for Fuel Cell and Electrolyzer Applications: A Mini Review. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:397. [PMID: 34072048 PMCID: PMC8228207 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11060397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses the roles of anion exchange membrane (AEM) as a solid-state electrolyte in fuel cell and electrolyzer applications. It highlights the advancement of existing fabrication methods and emphasizes the importance of radiation grafting methods in improving the properties of AEM. The development of AEM has been focused on the improvement of its physicochemical properties, including ionic conductivity, ion exchange capacity, water uptake, swelling ratio, etc., and its thermo-mechano-chemical stability in high-pH and high-temperature conditions. Generally, the AEM radiation grafting processes are considered green synthesis because they are usually performed at room temperature and practically eliminated the use of catalysts and toxic solvents, yet the final products are homogeneous and high quality. The radiation grafting technique is capable of modifying the hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains to control the ionic properties of membrane as well as its water uptake and swelling ratio without scarifying its mechanical properties. Researchers also showed that the chemical stability of AEMs can be improved by grafting spacers onto base polymers. The effects of irradiation dose and dose rate on the performance of AEM were discussed. The long-term stability of membrane in alkaline solutions remains the main challenge to commercial use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kean Long Lim
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (C.Y.W.); (W.Y.W.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Chun Yik Wong
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (C.Y.W.); (W.Y.W.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Wai Yin Wong
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (C.Y.W.); (W.Y.W.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Kee Shyuan Loh
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (C.Y.W.); (W.Y.W.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Sarala Selambakkannu
- Radiation Processing Technology Division, Malaysia Nuclear Agency, Kajang 43000, Malaysia; (S.S.); (N.A.F.O.)
| | - Nor Azillah Fatimah Othman
- Radiation Processing Technology Division, Malaysia Nuclear Agency, Kajang 43000, Malaysia; (S.S.); (N.A.F.O.)
| | - Hsiharng Yang
- Graduate Institute of Precision Engineering and Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, South District, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
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Sawada SI, Maekawa Y. Radiation-Induced Asymmetric Grafting of Different Monomers into Base Films to Prepare Novel Bipolar Membranes. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26072028. [PMID: 33918272 PMCID: PMC8038194 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26072028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We prepared novel bipolar membranes (BPMs) consisting of cation and anion exchange layers (CEL and AEL) using radiation-induced asymmetric graft polymerization (RIAGP). In this technique, graft polymers containing cation and anion exchange groups were introduced into a base film from each side. To create a clear CEL/AEL boundary, grafting reactions were performed from each surface side using two graft monomer solutions, which are immiscible in each other. Sodium p-styrenesulfonate (SSS) and acrylic acid (AA) in water were co-grafted from one side of the base ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene film, and chloromethyl styrene (CMS) in xylene was simultaneously grafted from the other side, and then the CMS units were quaternized to afford a BPM. The distinct SSS + AA- and CMS-grafted layers were formed owing to the immiscibility of hydrophilic SSS + AA and hydrophobic CMS monomer solutions. This is the first BPM with a clear CEL/AEL boundary prepared by RIAGP. However, in this BPM, the CEL was considerably thinner than the AEL, which may be a problem in practical applications. Then, by using different starting times of the first SSS+AA and second CMS grafting reactions, the CEL and AEL thicknesses was found to be controlled in RIAGP.
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Ashfaq A, Clochard MC, Coqueret X, Dispenza C, Driscoll MS, Ulański P, Al-Sheikhly M. Polymerization Reactions and Modifications of Polymers by Ionizing Radiation. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2877. [PMID: 33266261 PMCID: PMC7760743 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation has become the most effective way to modify natural and synthetic polymers through crosslinking, degradation, and graft polymerization. This review will include an in-depth analysis of radiation chemistry mechanisms and the kinetics of the radiation-induced C-centered free radical, anion, and cation polymerization, and grafting. It also presents sections on radiation modifications of synthetic and natural polymers. For decades, low linear energy transfer (LLET) ionizing radiation, such as gamma rays, X-rays, and up to 10 MeV electron beams, has been the primary tool to produce many products through polymerization reactions. Photons and electrons interaction with polymers display various mechanisms. While the interactions of gamma ray and X-ray photons are mainly through the photoelectric effect, Compton scattering, and pair-production, the interactions of the high-energy electrons take place through coulombic interactions. Despite the type of radiation used on materials, photons or high energy electrons, in both cases ions and electrons are produced. The interactions between electrons and monomers takes place within less than a nanosecond. Depending on the dose rate (dose is defined as the absorbed radiation energy per unit mass), the kinetic chain length of the propagation can be controlled, hence allowing for some control over the degree of polymerization. When polymers are submitted to high-energy radiation in the bulk, contrasting behaviors are observed with a dominant effect of cross-linking or chain scission, depending on the chemical nature and physical characteristics of the material. Polymers in solution are subject to indirect effects resulting from the radiolysis of the medium. Likewise, for radiation-induced polymerization, depending on the dose rate, the free radicals generated on polymer chains can undergo various reactions, such as inter/intramolecular combination or inter/intramolecular disproportionation, b-scission. These reactions lead to structural or functional polymer modifications. In the presence of oxygen, playing on irradiation dose-rates, one can favor crosslinking reactions or promotes degradations through oxidations. The competition between the crosslinking reactions of C-centered free radicals and their reactions with oxygen is described through fundamental mechanism formalisms. The fundamentals of polymerization reactions are herein presented to meet industrial needs for various polymer materials produced or degraded by irradiation. Notably, the medical and industrial applications of polymers are endless and thus it is vital to investigate the effects of sterilization dose and dose rate on various polymers and copolymers with different molecular structures and morphologies. The presence or absence of various functional groups, degree of crystallinity, irradiation temperature, etc. all greatly affect the radiation chemistry of the irradiated polymers. Over the past decade, grafting new chemical functionalities on solid polymers by radiation-induced polymerization (also called RIG for Radiation-Induced Grafting) has been widely exploited to develop innovative materials in coherence with actual societal expectations. These novel materials respond not only to health emergencies but also to carbon-free energy needs (e.g., hydrogen fuel cells, piezoelectricity, etc.) and environmental concerns with the development of numerous specific adsorbents of chemical hazards and pollutants. The modification of polymers through RIG is durable as it covalently bonds the functional monomers. As radiation penetration depths can be varied, this technique can be used to modify polymer surface or bulk. The many parameters influencing RIG that control the yield of the grafting process are discussed in this review. These include monomer reactivity, irradiation dose, solvent, presence of inhibitor of homopolymerization, grafting temperature, etc. Today, the general knowledge of RIG can be applied to any solid polymer and may predict, to some extent, the grafting location. A special focus is on how ionizing radiation sources (ion and electron beams, UVs) may be chosen or mixed to combine both solid polymer nanostructuration and RIG. LLET ionizing radiation has also been extensively used to synthesize hydrogel and nanogel for drug delivery systems and other advanced applications. In particular, nanogels can either be produced by radiation-induced polymerization and simultaneous crosslinking of hydrophilic monomers in "nanocompartments", i.e., within the aqueous phase of inverse micelles, or by intramolecular crosslinking of suitable water-soluble polymers. The radiolytically produced oxidizing species from water, •OH radicals, can easily abstract H-atoms from the backbone of the dissolved polymers (or can add to the unsaturated bonds) leading to the formation of C-centered radicals. These C-centered free radicals can undergo two main competitive reactions; intramolecular and intermolecular crosslinking. When produced by electron beam irradiation, higher temperatures, dose rates within the pulse, and pulse repetition rates favour intramolecular crosslinking over intermolecular crosslinking, thus enabling a better control of particle size and size distribution. For other water-soluble biopolymers such as polysaccharides, proteins, DNA and RNA, the abstraction of H atoms or the addition to the unsaturation by •OH can lead to the direct scission of the backbone, double, or single strand breaks of these polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiysha Ashfaq
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;
| | - Marie-Claude Clochard
- Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, CEA/DRF/IRAMIS-CNRS- Ecole Polytechnique UMR 7642, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France;
| | - Xavier Coqueret
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, CNRS UMR 7312, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, 51687 Reims CEDEX 2, France;
| | - Clelia Dispenza
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
- Istituto di BioFisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mark S. Driscoll
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA;
- UV/EB Technology Center, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Piotr Ulański
- Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Mohamad Al-Sheikhly
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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Yassin K, Rasin IG, Brandon S, Dekel DR. Quantifying the critical effect of water diffusivity in anion exchange membranes for fuel cell applications. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Ueki Y, Seko N. Synthesis of Fibrous Metal Adsorbent with a Piperazinyl-Dithiocarbamate Group by Radiation-Induced Grafting and Its Performance. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:2947-2956. [PMID: 32095717 PMCID: PMC7033999 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A fibrous grafted metal adsorbent with a piperazinyl-dithiocarbamate (PZ-DTC) group was synthesized by radiation-induced emulsion grafting of glycidyl methacrylate onto a polyethylene-coated polypropylene nonwoven fabric (PE/PP-NF) and subsequent three-step chemical modifications consisting of amination with N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperazine (N-Boc-piperazine, NBPZ), deprotection of the Boc group with HCl, and dithiocarbamation with carbon disulfide (CS2). By using the NBPZ reagent in the amination step, the self-cross-linking of piperazine (PZ) could be completely suppressed, unlike using the PZ reagent. Consequently, the PZ-DTC group density of the fibrous grafted metal adsorbent synthesized through NBPZ attained 2.122 mmol-PZ-DTC/g-adsorbent, which was approximately 6 times higher than that of the metal adsorbent synthesized through PZ. The fibrous grafted metal adsorbent with the PZ-DTC group selectively adsorbed heavy metal ions over light metal ions. Furthermore, it exhibited high adsorption capacity, particularly for Cu2+. The Cu2+ adsorption capacity was determined to be 1.903 mmol-Cu2+/g-adsorbent by a batchwise adsorption test using a single-metal-ion aqueous solution at pH 6. The order of metal ion selectivity of the fibrous grafted metal adsorbent with the PZ-DTC group was Na+ < Mg2+, Ca2+, Co2+, Cd2+ < Pb2+ ≪ Cu2+, and Co2+ ≈ Ni2+ < Zn2+ ≪ Cu2+. In addition, the fibrous grafted metal adsorbent with the PZ-DTC group did not lose its metal adsorption function even under highly alkaline conditions (pH 15). It could recover Cu2+ efficiently and selectively from a high-concentration Na+ aqueous solution at this pH. The Cu2+ adsorption capacity of the fibrous grafted metal adsorbent with the PZ-DTC group was 0.754 mmol-Cu2+/g-adsorbent under a highly alkaline condition, a 10 M NaOH aqueous solution at pH 15. This value was approximately 2.4 times higher than that of the other grafted adsorbent with an amine-type functional group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Ueki
- Department of Advanced Functional
Materials Research, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute,
Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 1233 Watanuki-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
| | - Noriaki Seko
- Department of Advanced Functional
Materials Research, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute,
Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 1233 Watanuki-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
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