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Jawed AS, Nassar L, Hegab HM, van der Merwe R, Al Marzooqi F, Banat F, Hasan SW. Recent developments in solar-powered membrane distillation for sustainable desalination. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31656. [PMID: 38828351 PMCID: PMC11140715 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The freshwater shortage continues to be one of the greatest challenges affecting our planet. Although traditional membrane distillation (MD) can produce clean water regardless of climatic conditions, the process wastes a lot of energy. The technique of solar-powered membrane distillation (SPMD) has received a lot of interest in the past decade, thanks to the development of photothermal materials. SPMD is a promising replacement for the traditional MD based on fossil fuels, as it can prevent the harmful effects of emissions on the environment. Integrating green solar energy with MD can reduce the cost of the water purification process and secure freshwater production in remote areas. At this point, it is important to consider the most current progress of the SPMD system and highlight the challenges and prospects of this technology. Based on this, the background, recent advances, and principles of MD and SPMD, their configurations and mechanisms, fabrication methods, advantages, and current limitations are discussed. Detailed comparisons between SPMD and traditional MD, assessments of various standards for incorporating photothermal materials with desirable properties, discussions of desalination and other applications of SPMD and MD, and energy consumption rates are also covered. The final section addresses the potential of SPMD to outperform traditional desalination technology while improving water production without requiring a significant amount of electrical or high-grade thermal energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad S. Jawed
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lobna Nassar
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Civil Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hanaa M. Hegab
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Riaan van der Merwe
- Department of Civil Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Faisal Al Marzooqi
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fawzi Banat
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shadi W. Hasan
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Shahu VT, Thombre SB. Theoretical and experimental investigation of cylindrical air gap membrane distillation system and effect of the membrane support net on its performance. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:7775-7792. [PMID: 38172317 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
In present study a cylindrical module is studied based on air gap membrane distillation configuration and studied for desalination purpose. A complete theoretical model was developed with consideration of design and operating parameters that enabled a Cylindrical Air Gap Membrane Distillation (CAGMD) module specific performance analysis. Theoretical model was verified with the literature as well as with the experimental results carried out on a lab scale CAGMD module. The effect of support nets which supports the membrane on the air gap side is also discussed on the performance. Support nets made up of four different thermal conductivities material- copper, aluminum, brass and polypropylene (PP) are considered for this study. The effect of feed temperature and flow rate, air gap width, cold flow rate, effect of thermal conductivities of support nets and height of the module was studied on the performance of CAGMD module. Permeate flux, Specific Thermal Energy Consumption (STEC) and the Gained output ratio (GOR) was selected as the performance indicators and the results for all the resulted parameters obtained from experimental and theoretical model falls in good agreement with only 6% deviation, that suggests that the proposed model is best suitable for predicting the behavior of any cylindrical AGMD module with great effectiveness. It is suggested that for better performance of the system feed flow rate, temperature and cold flow rate should be maintained at higher level. Maximum permeate flux achieved from the CAGMD module is 9.22 kg/m2h.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shashikant B Thombre
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, 440010, India
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Zhang X, Koirala R, Pramanik B, Fan L, Date A, Jegatheesan V. Challenges and advancements in membrane distillation crystallization for industrial applications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 234:116577. [PMID: 37429399 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Membrane distillation crystallization (MDC) is an emerging hybrid thermal membrane technology that synergizes membrane distillation (MD) and crystallization, which can achieve both freshwater and minerals recovery from high concentrated solutions. Due to the outstanding hydrophobic nature of the membranes, MDC has been widely used in numerous fields such as seawater desalination, valuable minerals recovery, industrial wastewater treatment and pharmaceutical applications, where the separation of dissolved solids is required. Despite the fact that MDC has shown great promise in producing both high-purity crystals and freshwater, most studies on MDC remain limited to laboratory scale, and industrializing MDC processes is currently impractical. This paper summarizes the current state of MDC research, focusing on the mechanisms of MDC, the controls for membrane distillation (MD), and the controls for crystallization. Additionally, this paper categorizes the obstacles hindering the industrialization of MDC into various aspects, including energy consumption, membrane wetting, flux reduction, crystal yield and purity, and crystallizer design. Furthermore, this study also indicates the direction for future development of the industrialization of MDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia; Water: Effective Technologies and Tools (WETT) Research Centre, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Ravi Koirala
- Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Biplob Pramanik
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia; Water: Effective Technologies and Tools (WETT) Research Centre, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Linhua Fan
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia; Water: Effective Technologies and Tools (WETT) Research Centre, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Abhijit Date
- Water: Effective Technologies and Tools (WETT) Research Centre, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia; Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Veeriah Jegatheesan
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia; Water: Effective Technologies and Tools (WETT) Research Centre, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
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4
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Jeong S, Gu B, Choi S, Ahn SK, Lee J, Lee J, Jeong S. Engineered multi-scale roughness of carbon nanofiller-embedded 3D printed spacers for membrane distillation. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 231:119649. [PMID: 36702024 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) transfers heat and mass simultaneously through a hydrophobic membrane. Hence, it is sensitive to both concentration and temperature polarisation (CP and TP) effects. In this study, we fabricated feed spacers to improve MD efficiency by alleviating the polarisation effects. First, a 3D printed spacer design was optimised to show superior performance amongst the others tested. Then, to further enhance spacer performance, we incorporated highly thermally stable carbon nanofillers, including carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene, in the fabrication of filaments for 3D printing. All the fabricated spacers had a degree of engineered multi-scale roughness, which was relatively high compared to that of the polylactic acid (PLA) spacer (control). The use of nanomaterial-incorporated spacers increased the mean permeate flux significantly compared to the PLA spacer (27.1 L/m2h (LMH)): a 43% and 75% increase when using the 1% graphene-incorporated spacer (38.9 LMH) and 2% CNT incorporated spacer (47.5 LMH), respectively. This could be attributed to the locally enhanced turbulence owing to the multi-scale roughness formed on the spacer, which further increased the vaporisation rate through the membrane. Interestingly, only the CNT-embedded spacer markedly reduced the ion permeation through the membrane, which may be due to the effective reduction of CP. This further decreased with increasing CNT concentration, confirming that the CNT spacer can simultaneously reduce the CP and TP effects in the MD process. Finally, we successfully proved that the multi-scale roughness of the spacer surface induces micromixing near the membrane walls, which can improve the MD performance via computational fluid dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongeom Jeong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Boram Gu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Subi Choi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Kyun Ahn
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaegeun Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Lee
- Institute for Environment and Energy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Jeong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Alessandro F, Macedonio F, Drioli E. Plasmonic Phenomena in Membrane Distillation. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:254. [PMID: 36984641 PMCID: PMC10058825 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13030254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity raises important concerns with respect to human sustainability and the preservation of important ecosystem functions. To satisfy water requirements, seawater desalination represents one of the most sustainable solutions. In recent decades, membrane distillation has emerged as a promising thermal desalination process that may help to overcome the drawbacks of traditional desalination processes. Nevertheless, in membrane distillation, the temperature at the feed membrane interface is significantly lower than that of the bulk feed water, due to the latent heat flux associated with water evaporation. This phenomenon, known as temperature polarization, in membrane distillation is a crucial issue that could be responsible for a decay of about 50% in the initial transmembrane water flux. The use of plasmonic nanostructures, acting as thermal hotspots in the conventional membranes, may improve the performance of membrane distillation units by reducing or eliminating the temperature polarization problem. Furthermore, an efficient conversion of light into heat offers new opportunities for the use of solar energy in membrane distillation. This work summarizes recent developments in the field of plasmonic-enhanced solar evaporation with a particular focus on solar-driven membrane distillation applications and its potential prospects.
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Ho CD, Chen L, Yang YL, Chen ST, Lim JW, Chen ZZ. Permeate Flux Enhancement in Air Gap Membrane Distillation Modules with Inserting Λ-Ribs Carbon-Fiber Open Slots. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13010066. [PMID: 36676873 PMCID: PMC9865070 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A novel design of an air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) module was proposed to enhance the permeate flux improvement for the desalination of pure water productivity. The modeling equations for predicting permeate flux in the AGMD module by inserting Λ-ribs carbon-fiber open slots under various hydrodynamic angles were developed theoretically and experimentally. The temperature distributions of both hot and cold feed streams were represented graphically with the hot saline flow rate, inlet saline temperature, and carbon-fiber hydrodynamic angles as parameters. The results showed a good agreement between the experimental results and theoretical predictions. Designed by inserting Λ-ribs carbon-fiber open slots into the flow channel, the membrane distillation module was implemented to act as an eddy promoter and yield an augmented turbulence flow. The effect of Λ-ribs carbon-fiber open slots not only assured the membrane stability by preventing vibration but also increased the permeate flux by diminishing the temperature polarization of the thermal boundary layer. The permeate flux improvement by inserting Λ-ribs carbon-fiber open slots in the AGMD module provided the maximum relative increment of up to 15.6% due to the diminution of the concentration polarization effect. The experimental data was incorporated with the hydrodynamic angle of Λ-ribs carbon-fiber open slots to correlate the enhancement factor with the Nusselt numbers to confirm the theoretical predictions. The accuracy derivation between the experimental results and theoretical predictions was pretty good, within 9.95≤E≤1.85. The effects of operating and designing parameters of hot saline flow rate, inlet saline temperature, and hydrodynamic angle on the permeate flux were also delineated by considering both the power consumption increment and permeate flux enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chii-Dong Ho
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tamkang University, Tamsui, New Taipei 251, Taiwan
| | - Luke Chen
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Tamkang University, Tamsui, New Taipei 251, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ling Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tamkang University, Tamsui, New Taipei 251, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ting Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tamkang University, Tamsui, New Taipei 251, Taiwan
| | - Jun Wei Lim
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Zheng-Zhong Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tamkang University, Tamsui, New Taipei 251, Taiwan
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7
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Yang C. Neural networks for predicting air gap membrane distillation performance. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2023.100921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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8
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Sait HH, Hussain A, Bassyouni M, Ali I, Kanthasamy R, Ayodele BV, Elhenawy Y. Anionic Dye Removal Using a Date Palm Seed-Derived Activated Carbon/Chitosan Polymer Microbead Biocomposite. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122503. [PMID: 35746079 PMCID: PMC9227786 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The discharge of textile wastewater into aquatic streams is considered a major challenge due to its effect on the water ecosystem. Direct blue 78 (DB78) dye has a complex structure. Therefore, it is difficult to separate it from industrial wastewater. In this study, carbon obtained from the pyrolysis of mixed palm seeds under different temperatures (400 °C and 1000 °C) was activated by a thermochemical method by using microwave radiation and an HCl solution in order to improve its adsorption characteristics. The generated activated carbon was used to synthesize a novel activated carbon/chitosan microbead (ACMB) for dye removal from textile wastewater. The obtained activated carbon (AC) was characterized by a physicochemical analysis that included, namely, particle size, zeta potential, SEM, EDX, and FTIR analyses. A series of batch experiments were conducted in terms of the ACMB dose, contact time, pH, and activated carbon/chitosan ratios in synthetic microbeads for enhancing the adsorption capacity. A remarkable improvement in the surface roughness was observed using SEM analysis. The particle surface was transformed from a slick surface with a minor-pore structure to a rough surface with major-pore structure. The zeta potential analysis indicated a higher improvement in the carbon surface charge, from -35 mv (before activation) to +20 mv (after activation). The adsorption tests showed that the dye-removal efficiency increased with the increasing adsorbent concentration. The maximum removal efficiencies were 97.8% and 98.4% using 3 and 4 g/L of AC400°C MB-0.3:1 and AC1000°C MB-0.3:1, respectively, with initial dye concentrations of 40 mg/L under acidic conditions (pH = 4-5), and an optimal mixing time of 50 min. The equilibrium studies for AC400°C MB-0.3:1 and AC1000°C MB-0.3:1 showed that the equilibrium data best fitted to the Langmuir isothermal model with R2 = 0.99. These results reveal that activated carbon/chitosan microbeads are an effective adsorbent for the removal of direct blue 78 dye and provide a new platform for dye removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Hussain Sait
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (H.H.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Ahmed Hussain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed Bassyouni
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia; (I.A.); (R.K.)
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Fouad 42526, Egypt
- Correspondence: (H.H.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Imtiaz Ali
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia; (I.A.); (R.K.)
| | - Ramesh Kanthasamy
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia; (I.A.); (R.K.)
| | - Bamidele Victor Ayodele
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Malaysia;
| | - Yasser Elhenawy
- Department of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Fouad 42526, Egypt;
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Lin JL, Fitria FL, Wang YF, You SJ. Optimization of operational parameters in air-gap membrane distillation using central composite design applied in recovery of dye manufacturing wastewaters. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2022.2075390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeng-Lung Lin
- Department of Civil Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Center for Environmental Risk Management, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Firda Lutfiatul Fitria
- Department of Civil Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Center for Environmental Risk Management, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fen Wang
- Center for Environmental Risk Management, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Jie You
- Center for Environmental Risk Management, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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Bassyouni M, Zoromba MS, Abdel-Aziz MH, Mosly I. Extraction of Nanocellulose for Eco-Friendly Biocomposite Adsorbent for Wastewater Treatment. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091852. [PMID: 35567021 PMCID: PMC9099637 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, nanocellulose was extracted from palm leaves to synthesize nanocellulose/chitosan nanocomposites for the removal of dyes from textile industrial wastewater. Nanocellulose is of interest in water purification technologies because of its high surface area and versatile surface chemistry. Following bleach, alkali, and acid treatments on palm leaves, nanocellulose is obtained as a white powder. The produced nanocellulose was investigated. The adsorption capacity of chitosan, nanocellulose, and novel synthetic nanocellulose/chitosan microbeads (CCMB) for direct blue 78 dye (DB78) removal was studied. A series of batch experiments were conducted in terms of adsorbent concentration, mixing time, pH, dye initial concentration, and nanocellulose concentration in synthetic microbeads. The CCMB was characterized by using physicochemical analysis, namely Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), scanning electron microscope (SEM), zeta potential analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). It was found that the surface area of synthetic CCMB is 10.4 m2/g, with a positive net surface charge. The adsorption tests showed that the dye removal efficiency increases with an increasing adsorbent concentration. The maximum removal efficiencies were 91.5% and 88.4%, using 14 and 9 g/L of CCMB-0.25:1. The initial dye concentrations were 50 and 100 mg/L under acidic conditions (pH = 3.5) and an optimal mixing time of 120 min. The equilibrium studies for CCMB-0.25:1 showed that the equilibrium data were best fitted to Langmuir isothermal model with R2 = 0.99. These results revealed that nanocellulose/chitosan microbeads are an effective eco-adsorbent for the removal of direct blue 78 dye and provide a new platform for dye removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Bassyouni
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Sh Zoromba
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42521, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Mosly
- Department of Civil Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
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Zakaria M, Sharaky AM, Al-Sherbini AS, Bassyouni M, Rezakazemi M, Elhenawy Y. Water Desalination Using Solar Thermal Collectors Enhanced by Nanofluids. Chem Eng Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202100339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zakaria
- Cairo University Department of Natural Resources, Institute of African Research and Studies Giza Egypt
| | - Abbas M. Sharaky
- Cairo University Department of Natural Resources, Institute of African Research and Studies Giza Egypt
| | - Al-Sayed Al-Sherbini
- Cairo University Department of Measurements, Photochemistry and Agriculture Applications, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Science (NILES) Cairo Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bassyouni
- Port Said University Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering 42526 Port Fouad Egypt
- University of Science and Technology Materials Science Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October 12578 Giza Egypt
| | - Mashallah Rezakazemi
- Shahrood University of Technology Faculty of Chemical and Materials Engineering Shahrood Iran
| | - Yasser Elhenawy
- Port Said University Department of Mechanical Power Engineering, Faculty of Engineering 42526 Port Said Egypt
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12
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Alawad SM, Khalifa AE. Performance and energy evaluation of compact multistage air gap membrane distillation system: An experimental investigation. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Recent Progress in the Membrane Distillation and Impact of Track-Etched Membranes. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13152520. [PMID: 34372131 PMCID: PMC8347132 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) is a rapidly developing field of research and finds applications in desalination of water, purification from nonvolatile substances, and concentration of various solutions. This review presents data from recent studies on the MD process, MD configuration, the type of membranes and membrane hydrophobization. Particular importance has been placed on the methods of hydrophobization and the use of track-etched membranes (TeMs) in the MD process. Hydrophobic TeMs based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and polycarbonate (PC) have been applied in the purification of water from salts and pesticides, as well as in the concentration of low-level liquid radioactive waste (LLLRW). Such membranes are characterized by a narrow pore size distribution, precise values of the number of pores per unit area and narrow thickness. These properties of membranes allow them to be used for more accurate water purification and as model membranes used to test theoretical models (for instance LEP prediction).
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14
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Theoretical Investigation of Vapor Transport Mechanism Using Tubular Membrane Distillation Module. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11080560. [PMID: 34436323 PMCID: PMC8399860 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11080560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This paper’s primary objective is to examine the vapor delivery mechanism through a tubular membrane distillation (MD) module. Experiments were conducted utilizing a hydrophobic tubular membrane module with a pore size of 0.2 µm. To establish the mass transport mechanism of water vapor, tests were carried out first with pure water as a feed. The permeate flow was then determined using NaCl aqueous feed solutions. Distilled water flux at diverse feed temperatures, feed flow rates, and feed salt concentrations was investigated. The permeate flux improved linearly with rising temperature and flow rate of the feed, however, it declined with feed concentration. Increasing temperature from 40 to 70 °C increased the permeate flux by a factor of 2.2, while increasing the feed flow rate from 60 to 120 L/h increased the permeate flux by a factor ranging from 0.7 to 1.1 depending on feed temperature. Using the Dusty gas model (DGM) the mass transport of water vapor is estimated in the membrane pores. The results showed that the water vapor delivery is controlled by way of the Knudsen molecular diffusion transition mechanism and its version changed into one capable of predicting the permeate fluxes. The mass transfer coefficient calculated and located using the Knudsen molecular transition version agreed properly with the corresponding experimental value. The delivery resistances were affected by working parameters, along with feed temperature, flow rate, and concentration. The mass transfer resistance of the membrane became the predominant controlling step to the MD process.
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Elrasheedy A, Rabie M, El-Shazly AH, Bassyouni M, El-Moneim AA, El-Kady MF. Investigation of Different Membrane Porosities on the Permeate Flux of Direct Contact Membrane Distillation. KEY ENGINEERING MATERIALS 2021; 889:85-90. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.889.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
In the present study the surface morphology of electrospun fibers at different polystyrene (PS) solution concentration was studied by SEM imaging to determine the best PS solution concentration yielding continuous uniform beadles fibers. Contact angle measurements of the optimum fabricatedPS-18 membrane confirmed the super hydrophobic property of the membrane that exhibited a static water contact angle of 145o. Numerical investigation of the performance of PS-18 membrane at different membrane thicknesses and porosities on direct contact membrane distillation showed that increasing the membrane porosity increases the permeate flux considerably.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed Rabie
- Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST)
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16
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Showerhead feed distribution for optimized performance of large scale membrane distillation modules. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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17
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Anvari A, Azimi Yancheshme A, Kekre KM, Ronen A. State-of-the-art methods for overcoming temperature polarization in membrane distillation process: A review. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Mao Y, Huang Q, Meng B, Zhou K, Liu G, Gugliuzza A, Drioli E, Jin W. Roughness-enhanced hydrophobic graphene oxide membrane for water desalination via membrane distillation. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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The Effect of Inclination Angle and Reynolds Number on the Performance of a Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD) Process. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13112824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this numerical study, a direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) system has been modeled considering various angles for the membrane unit and the Reynolds number range of 500 to 2000. A two-dimensional model developed based on the Navier–Stokes, energy, and species transport equations were used. The governing equations were solved using the finite volume method (FVM). The results showed that with an increase in the Reynolds number of up to 1500, the heat transfer coefficient for all membrane angles increases, except for the inclination angle of 60°. Also, an increase in the membrane angle up to 90° causes the exit influence to diminish and the heat transfer to be augmented. Such findings revealed that the membrane inclination angle of 90° (referred to as the vertical membrane) with Reynolds number 2000 could potentially have the lowest temperature difference. Likewise, within the Reynolds numbers of 1000 and 2000, by changing the inclination angle of the membrane, temperature difference remains constant, however, for Reynolds numbers up to 500, the temperature difference reduces intensively.
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20
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Elhady S, Bassyouni M, Mansour RA, Elzahar MH, Abdel-Hamid S, Elhenawy Y, Saleh MY. Oily Wastewater Treatment Using Polyamide Thin Film Composite Membrane Technology. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10050084. [PMID: 32354064 PMCID: PMC7281104 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10050084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, polyamide (PA) thin film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) membrane filtration was used in edible oil wastewater emulsion treatment. The PA-TFC membrane was characterized using mechanical, thermal, chemical, and physical tests. Surface morphology and cross-sections of TFCs were characterized using SEM. The effects of edible oil concentrations, average droplets size, and contact angle on separation efficiency and flux were studied in detail. Purification performance was enhanced using activated carbon as a pre-treatment unit. The performance of the RO unit was assessed by chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and permeate flux. Oil concentration in wastewater varied between 3000 mg/L and 6000 mg/L. Oily wastewater showed a higher contact angle (62.9°) than de-ionized water (33°). Experimental results showed that the presence of activated carbon increases the permeation COD removal from 94% to 99%. The RO membrane filtration coupled with an activated carbon unit of oily wastewater is a convenient hybrid technique for removal of high-concentration edible oil wastewater emulsion up to 99%. Using activated carbon as an adsorption pre-treatment unit improved the permeate flux from 34 L/m2hr to 75 L/m2hr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Elhady
- Public Works Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, the High Institute of Engineering and Technology in New Damietta, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bassyouni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
- Materials Science Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October, Giza 12578, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +2-011-596-75357
| | - Ramadan A. Mansour
- Chemical Engineering Department, Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, New Damietta, Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Medhat H. Elzahar
- Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said 42526, Egypt
- Department of Civil Engineering, Giza Engineering Institute, Elmoneeb, Giza 12511, Egypt
| | - Shereen Abdel-Hamid
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Egyptian Academy for Engineering and Advanced Technology, Affiliated to Ministry of Military Production, Al Salam city 3056, Egypt
| | - Yasser Elhenawy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Fouad 42526, Egypt
| | - Mamdou Y. Saleh
- Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said 42526, Egypt
- High Institute of Engineering and Technology, El-Manzala, Ad Daqahliyah 35642, Egypt
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