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Tao R, Shao M, Kim Y. Polyarylene-Based Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells. Chemistry 2024:e202401208. [PMID: 38953321 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AEMFC) is an emerging and promising technology that can help realize a carbon-neutral, sustainable economy. Also, compared to the proton exchange membrane counterpart, AEMFC can achieve comparable cell outputs with lower costs due to the applicability of non-platinum group metal electrocatalysts for the reaction on the electrodes' surfaces. However, the wide application of the AEMFCs has been impeded by the unsatisfactory stability and performance of the hydroxide-conductive membranes in the past. Recently researchers have made breakthroughs using polyarylene (PA)-based AEMs. This article summarizes the recent advances of a class of AEMs with aromatic backbone without ether bonds, mainly synthesized by Friedel-Crafts polycondensation. Such PA-based AEMs showed high chemical/mechanical stabilities and ionic conductivity, and even the fuel cell with those AEMs showed impressive peak power density of up to 2.58 W cm-2. In this concept article, we classify major strategies for making PA-based AEMs to show the recent trends, highlight synthesis, characterization, and properties, and provide a brief outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Tao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Emerging Interdisciplinary Areas, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Minhua Shao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- CIAC-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Hydrogen Energy, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Watery Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Yoonseob Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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2
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Henkensmeier D, Cho WC, Jannasch P, Stojadinovic J, Li Q, Aili D, Jensen JO. Separators and Membranes for Advanced Alkaline Water Electrolysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:6393-6443. [PMID: 38669641 PMCID: PMC11117188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Traditionally, alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) uses diaphragms to separate anode and cathode and is operated with 5-7 M KOH feed solutions. The ban of asbestos diaphragms led to the development of polymeric diaphragms, which are now the state of the art material. A promising alternative is the ion solvating membrane. Recent developments show that high conductivities can also be obtained in 1 M KOH. A third technology is based on anion exchange membranes (AEM); because these systems use 0-1 M KOH feed solutions to balance the trade-off between conductivity and the AEM's lifetime in alkaline environment, it makes sense to treat them separately as AEM WE. However, the lifetime of AEM increased strongly over the last 10 years, and some electrode-related issues like oxidation of the ionomer binder at the anode can be mitigated by using KOH feed solutions. Therefore, AWE and AEM WE may get more similar in the future, and this review focuses on the developments in polymeric diaphragms, ion solvating membranes, and AEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Henkensmeier
- Hydrogen
· Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea
Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division
of Energy & Environment Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST
Green School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Chul Cho
- Department
of Future Energy Convergence, Seoul National
University of Science & Technology, 232 Gongreung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea
| | - Patric Jannasch
- Polymer
& Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Qingfeng Li
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark (DTU), Fysikvej 310, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - David Aili
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark (DTU), Fysikvej 310, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jens Oluf Jensen
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark (DTU), Fysikvej 310, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Hu C, Kang HW, Jung SW, Liu ML, Lee YJ, Park JH, Kang NY, Kim MG, Yoo SJ, Park CH, Lee YM. High Free Volume Polyelectrolytes for Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers with a Current Density of 13.39 A cm -2 and a Durability of 1000 h. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306988. [PMID: 38044283 PMCID: PMC10837377 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The rational design of the current anion exchange polyelectrolytes (AEPs) is challenging to meet the requirements of both high performance and durability in anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs). Herein, highly-rigid-twisted spirobisindane monomer is incorporated in poly(aryl-co-aryl piperidinium) backbone to construct continuous ionic channels and to maintain dimensional stability as promising materials for AEPs. The morphologies, physical, and electrochemical properties of the AEPs are investigated based on experimental data and molecular dynamics simulations. The present AEPs possess high free volumes, excellent dimensional stability, hydroxide conductivity (208.1 mS cm-1 at 80 °C), and mechanical properties. The AEMWE of the present AEPs achieves a new current density record of 13.39 and 10.7 A cm-2 at 80 °C by applying IrO2 and nonprecious anode catalyst, respectively, along with outstanding in situ durability under 1 A cm-2 for 1000 h with a low voltage decay rate of 53 µV h-1 . Moreover, the AEPs can be applied in fuel cells and reach a power density of 2.02 W cm-2 at 80 °C under fully humidified conditions, and 1.65 W cm-2 at 100 °C, 30% relative humidity. This study provides insights into the design of high-performance AEPs for energy conversion devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Hu
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Kang
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Jung
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Mei-Ling Liu
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jun Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyeong Park
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Yoon Kang
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Geun Kim
- Hydrogen Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jong Yoo
- Hydrogen Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Hoon Park
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Moo Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
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4
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Hu C, Kang NY, Kang HW, Lee JY, Zhang X, Lee YJ, Jung SW, Park JH, Kim MG, Yoo SJ, Lee SY, Park CH, Lee YM. Triptycene Branched Poly(aryl-co-aryl piperidinium) Electrolytes for Alkaline Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and Water Electrolyzers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316697. [PMID: 38063325 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Alkaline polymer electrolytes (APEs) are essential materials for alkaline energy conversion devices such as anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) and water electrolyzers (AEMWEs). Here, we report a series of branched poly(aryl-co-aryl piperidinium) with different branching agents (triptycene: highly-rigid, three-dimensional structure; triphenylbenzene: planar, two-dimensional structure) for high-performance APEs. Among them, triptycene branched APEs showed excellent hydroxide conductivity (193.5 mS cm-1 @80 °C), alkaline stability, mechanical properties, and dimensional stability due to the formation of branched network structures, and increased free volume. AEMFCs based on triptycene-branched APEs reached promising peak power densities of 2.503 and 1.705 W cm-2 at 75/100 % and 30/30 % (anode/cathode) relative humidity, respectively. In addition, the fuel cells can run stably at a current density of 0.6 A cm-2 for 500 h with a low voltage decay rate of 46 μV h-1 . Importantly, the related AEMWE achieved unprecedented current densities of 16 A cm-2 and 14.17 A cm-2 (@2 V, 80 °C, 1 M NaOH) using precious and non-precious metal catalysts, respectively. Moreover, the AEMWE can be stably operated under 1.5 A cm-2 at 60 °C for 2000 h. The excellent results suggest that the triptycene-branched APEs are promising candidates for future AEMFC and AEMWE applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Hu
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Yoon Kang
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Kang
- Department of Energy Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Yeon Lee
- Hydrogen⋅Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jun Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Jung
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyeong Park
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Geun Kim
- Hydrogen⋅Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jong Yoo
- Hydrogen⋅Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Energy & Environment Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of. Korea
| | - So Young Lee
- Hydrogen⋅Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Hoon Park
- Department of Energy Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Moo Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
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Zeng M, He X, Wen J, Zhang G, Zhang H, Feng H, Qian Y, Li M. N-Methylquinuclidinium-Based Anion Exchange Membrane with Ultrahigh Alkaline Stability. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2306675. [PMID: 37548334 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Anion-exchange-membrane (AEM) water electrolysis is a promising technology for hydrogen production from renewable energy sources. However, the bottleneck of its development is the poor comprehensive performance of AEM, especially the stability at highly concentrated alkaline condition and temperature. Herein, a new cationic group N-methylquinuclidinium with enhanced alkaline stability is proposed and hereby a full-carbon chain poly(aryl quinuclidinium) AEM is prepared. Compared with reported AEMs, it shows ultrahigh comprehensive alkaline stability (no chemical decomposition, no decay of conductivity) in 10 m NaOH aqueous solution at 80 °C for more than 1800 h, excellent dimensional stability (swelling ratio: <10% in pure water, <2% in 10 m NaOH) in OH- form at 80 °C, high OH- conductivity (≈139.1 mS cm-1 at 80 °C), and high mechanical properties (tensile strength: 41.5 MPa, elongation at break: 50%). The water electrolyzer using the AEM exhibits a high current density (1.94 A cm-2 at 2.0 V) when assembled with nickel-alloy foam electrodes, and high durability when assembled with nickel foam electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Zeng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Xianying He
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Ju Wen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Ganbing Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Hanhua Feng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Yu Qian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
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6
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Chen H, Bang KT, Tian Y, Hu C, Tao R, Yuan Y, Wang R, Shin DM, Shao M, Lee YM, Kim Y. Poly(Ethylene Piperidinium)s for Anion Exchange Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307690. [PMID: 37524652 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The lack of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) that possess both high hydroxide conductivity and stable mechanical and chemical properties poses a major challenge to the development of high-performance fuel cells. Improving one side of the balance between conductivity and stability usually means sacrificing the other. Herein, we used facile, high-yield chemical reactions to design and synthesize a piperidinium polymer with a polyethylene backbone for AEM fuel cell applications. To improve the performance, we introduced ionic crosslinking into high-cationic-ratio AEMs to suppress high water uptake and swelling while further improving the hydroxide conductivity. Remarkably, PEP80-20PS achieved a hydroxide conductivity of 354.3 mS cm-1 at 80 °C while remaining mechanically stable. Compared with the base polymer PEP80, the water uptake of PEP80-20PS decreased by 69 % from 813 % to 350 %, and the swelling decreased substantially by 85 % from 350.0 % to 50.2 % at 80 °C. PEP80-20PS also showed excellent alkaline stability, 84.7 % remained after 35 days of treatment with an aqueous KOH solution. The chemical design in this study represents a significant advancement toward the development of simultaneously highly stable and conductive AEMs for fuel cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ki-Taek Bang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chuan Hu
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yufei Yuan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dong-Myeong Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Minhua Shao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Young Moo Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseob Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
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7
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Cao D, Sun X, Gao H, Pan L, Li N, Li Y. Crosslinked Polynorbornene-Based Anion Exchange Membranes with Perfluorinated Branch Chains. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051073. [PMID: 36904314 PMCID: PMC10007585 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of perfluorinated substituent on the properties of anion exchange membranes (AEMs), cross-linked polynorbornene-based AEMs with perfluorinated branch chains were prepared via ring opening metathesis polymerization, subsequent crosslinking reaction, and quaternization. The crosslinking structure enables the resultant AEMs (CFnB) to exhibit a low swelling ratio, high toughness, and high water uptake, simultaneously. In addition, benefiting from the ion gathering and side chain microphase separation caused by their flexible backbone and perfluorinated branch chain, these AEMs had high hydroxide conductivity up to 106.9 mS cm-1 at 80 °C even at low ion content (IEC < 1.6 meq g-1). This work provides a new approach to achieve improved ion conductivity at low ion content by introducing the perfluorinated branch chains and puts forward a referable way to prepare AEMs with high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafu Cao
- Institute of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiaowei Sun
- Institute of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Huan Gao
- Institute of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Li Pan
- Institute of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Nanwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yuesheng Li
- Institute of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
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8
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Min K, Lee Y, Choi Y, Kwon OJ, Kim TH. High-performance anion exchange membranes achieved by crosslinking two aryl ether-free polymers: poly(bibenzyl N-methyl piperidine) and SEBS. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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9
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Li X, Yang K, Wang Z, Chen Y, Li Y, Guo J, Zheng J, Li S, Zhang S. Chain Architecture Dependence of Morphology and Water Transport in Poly(fluorene alkylene)-Based Anion-Exchange Membranes. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Kuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Zimo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
| | - Yaohan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Yonggang Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
| | - Jifu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
| | - Shenghai Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Suobo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
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10
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Wei C, Yu W, Wu L, Ge X, Xu T. Physically and Chemically Stable Anion Exchange Membranes with Hydrogen-Bond Induced Ion Conducting Channels. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224920. [PMID: 36433047 PMCID: PMC9696997 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) with desirable properties are the crucial components for numerous energy devices such as AEM fuel cells (AEMFCs), AEM water electrolyzers (AEMWEs), etc. However, the lack of suitable AEMs severely limits the performance of devices. Here, a series of physically and chemically stable AEMs have been prepared by the reaction between the alkyl bromine terminal ether-bond-free aryl backbone and the urea group-containing crosslinker. Morphology analyses confirm that the hydrogen bonding interaction between urea groups is capable of driving the ammonium cations to aggregate and further form continuous ion-conducting channels. Therefore, the resultant AEM demonstrates remarkable OH− conductivity (59.1 mS cm−1 at 30 °C and 122.9 mS cm−1 at 90 °C) despite a moderate IEC (1.77 mmol g−1). Simultaneously, due to the adoption of ether-bond-free aryl backbone and alkylene chain-modified trimethylammonium cation, the AEM possesses excellent alkaline stability (87.3% IEC retention after soaking in 1 M NaOH for 1080 h). Moreover, the prepared AEM shows desirable mechanical properties (tensile stress > 25 MPa) and dimensional stability (SR = 20.3% at 90 °C) contributed by the covalent-bond and hydrogen-bond crosslinking network structures. Moreover, the resulting AEM reaches a peak power density of 555 mW cm−2 in an alkaline H2/O2 single fuel cell at 70 °C without back pressure. This rational structural design presented here provides inspiration for the development of high-performance AEMs, which are crucial for membrane technologies.
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11
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Tang J, Xu X, Tang T, Zhong Y, Shao Z. Perovskite-Based Electrocatalysts for Cost-Effective Ultrahigh-Current-Density Water Splitting in Anion Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer Cell. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2201099. [PMID: 36251791 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Development of cost-effective water splitting technology that allows low-overpotential operation at high current density with non-precious catalysts is the key for large-scale hydrogen production. Herein, it is demonstrated that the versatile perovskite-based oxides, usually applied for operating at low current density and room temperature in alkaline solution, can be developed into low-cost, highly active and durable electrocatalysts for operating at high current densities in a zero-gap anion exchange membrane electrolyzer cell (AEMEC). The composite perovskite with mixed phases of Ruddlesden-Popper and single perovskite is applied as the anode in AEMEC and exhibits highly promising performance with an overall water-splitting current density of 2.01 A cm-2 at a cell voltage of only 2.00 V at 60 °C with stable performance. The elevated temperature to promote anion diffusion in membrane boosts oxygen evolution kinetics by enhancing lattice-oxygen participation. The bifunctionality of perovskites further promises the more cost-effective symmetrical AEMEC configuration, and a primary cell with the composite perovskite as both electrodes delivers 3.00 A cm-2 at a cell voltage of only 2.42 V. This work greatly expands the use of perovskites as robust electrocatalysts for industrial water splitting at high current density with great practical application merit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Tang
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering (WASM-MECE), Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Xiaomin Xu
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering (WASM-MECE), Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Tony Tang
- Blackstone Minerals Limited, Perth, WA, 6005, Australia
| | - Yijun Zhong
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering (WASM-MECE), Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Zongping Shao
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering (WASM-MECE), Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia
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12
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Cao D, Nie F, Liu M, Sun X, Wang B, Wang F, Li N, Wang B, Ma Z, Pan L, Li Y. Crosslinked anion exchange membranes prepared from highly reactive polyethylene and polypropylene intermediates. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Design, synthesis and characterization of SEBS anion exchange membranes with ultrahigh dimensional stability. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03115-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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14
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Ge X, Zhang F, Wu L, Yang Z, Xu T. Current Challenges and Perspectives of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Ge
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhengjin Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Tongwen Xu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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15
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Yuan W, Zeng L, Jiang S, Yuan C, He Q, Wang J, Liao Q, Wei Z. High performance poly(carbazolyl aryl piperidinium) anion exchange membranes for alkaline fuel cells. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Elucidating the role of alkyl chain in poly(aryl piperidinium) copolymers for anion exchange membrane fuel cells. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Jiang T, Wu C, Zhou Y, Cheng S, Yang S, Wei H, Ding Y, Wu Y. Highly stable poly(p-quaterphenylene alkylene)-based anion exchange membranes. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Guo M, Ban T, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Zhu X. Exploring highly soluble ether-free polybenzimidazole as anion exchange membranes with long term durability. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Wang HH, Hu C, Park JH, Kim HM, Kang NY, Bae JY, Lee WH, Chen N, Lee YM. Reinforced poly(fluorenyl-co-terphenyl piperidinium) anion exchange membranes for fuel cells. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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