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Li Y, Li G, Laukkanen JA, Wei L, Chen X. Higher LDL-C/HDL-C Ratio Is Associated with Elevated HbA1c and Decreased eGFR Levels and Cardiac Remodeling in Elderly with Hypercholesterolemia. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2024; 11:140. [PMID: 38786962 PMCID: PMC11122430 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11050140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aims to explore the relationship of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) ratio with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), renal dysfunction, coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiac structure and function in elderly patients with hypercholesterolemia. Methods: A total of 1129 hospitalized Chinese elderly (aged ≥ 65 years) with hypercholesterolemia were collected retrospectively. The patients were divided into low (<2.63), moderate (≥2.63 to <3.33) and high (≥3.33) LDL-C/HDL-C ratio groups according to the tertiles of LDL-C/HDL-C. Results: Regression analysis of the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio with metabolic and echocardiographic parameters revealed that a high LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (≥3.33) was associated independently with male gender, elevated HbA1c, decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), prevalent CHD and left ventricular dilatation (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: A high LDL-C/HDL-C ratio was associated with male gender, increased HbA1c, decreased eGFR, CHD and enlarged left ventricle in elderly with hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (Y.L.); (L.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Gang Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (Y.L.); (L.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Jari A. Laukkanen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland;
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Wellbeing Services County of Central Finland, 40620 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Linping Wei
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (Y.L.); (L.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Xinrui Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (Y.L.); (L.W.); (X.C.)
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Associations between smoking and blood-group, and the risk of dyslipidaemia amongst French women. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14844. [PMID: 34290325 PMCID: PMC8295360 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94239-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidaemia is a major risk factor for cardio-vascular disease, as it promotes atherosclerosis. While cross-sectional studies have identified higher serum cholesterol amongst individuals with the A blood group, there is less evidence from prospective studies whether this translates into a higher risk of dyslipidaemia that requires treatment, nor if this genetic factor interacts with smoking status. This study aimed to prospectively determine potential associations between smoking, ABO blood groups, and risk of incident dyslipidaemia requiring treatment, and to assess associations over strata of blood ABO group. We assessed associations between blood ABO group, smoking and dyslipidaemia in 74,206 women participating in the E3N cohort. We included women who did not have cardiovascular disease at baseline. Logistic regression was used to determine associations between ABO group, smoking and prevalent dyslipidaemia at baseline. Cox proportional hazard models were then used to determine if blood ABO group and smoking were associated with the risk of incident dyslipidaemia, amongst women free of dyslipidaemia at baseline. At baseline 28,281 women with prevalent dyslipidaemia were identified. Compared to the O-blood group, the non-O blood group was associated higher odds of with prevalent dyslipidaemia (ORnon-O = 1.09 [1.06: 1.13]). Amongst the women free of dyslipidaemia at baseline, 6041 incident cases of treated dyslipidaemia were identified during 454,951 person-years of follow-up. The non-O blood groups were associated with an increased risk of dyslipidaemia when compared to the O-group (HRnon-O = 1.16 [1.11: 1.22]), specifically the A blood-group (HRA = 1.18 [1.12: 1.25]). Current smokers were associated with an increased risk of incident dyslipidaemia (HR smokers = 1.27 [1.16: 1.37]), compared to never-smokers. No evidence for effect modification between smoking and ABO blood group was observed (p-effect modification = 0.45), although the highest risk was observed among AB blood group women who smoked (HR = 1.76 [1.22: 2.55]). In conclusion, the non-O blood groups, specifically the A group were associated with an increased risk of dyslipidaemia. Current smokers were associated with a 30% increased risk of dyslipidaemia. These results could aid in personalised approaches to the prevention of cardiovascular risk-factors.
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Sasakabe T, Wakai K, Kawai S, Hishida A, Naito M, Suzuki S, Nindita Y, Arisawa K, Kita Y, Hara M, Kuriyama N, Hirata A, Mikami H, Oze I, Kubo M, Tanaka H, Hamajima N. Modification of the Associations of Alcohol Intake With Serum Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Triglycerides by ALDH2 and ADH1B Polymorphisms in Japanese Men. J Epidemiol 2017; 28:185-193. [PMID: 29176272 PMCID: PMC5865009 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20160189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although beneficial associations have been reported between moderate alcohol intake and the serum lipid profile, it is unclear whether polymorphisms in alcohol-metabolizing enzymes can modify these associations. Here, we assessed the effects of ADH1B His48Arg (rs1229984), ALDH2 Glu504Lys (rs671), and their combination on these associations. Furthermore, we examined if the findings for ALDH2 could be replicated. Methods We categorized 889 male participants in the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) Study into two groups based on presence or absence of minor allele(s) or four groups based on genotype combinations. We performed regression analyses of serum lipid concentrations on alcohol intake, with multivariable adjustment. The replication study was conducted among 2,562 men in the Shizuoka part of the J-MICC Study. Results The ALDH2 Glu/Lys or Lys/Lys groups showed significant decreases in serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol with increasing alcohol consumption; the coefficient per intake increase of 10 g/day was −2.49 mg/dL (95% confidence interval [CI], −3.85 to −1.13), and a significant interaction with the polymorphism was confirmed (P for interaction = 0.006). This inverse correlation was more evident among the ADH1B His/His + ALDH2 Glu/Lys or Lys/Lys groups (−3.24 mg/dL, 95% CI, −5.03 to −1.45). Serum triglycerides were positively associated with alcohol consumption in the ADH1B His/His group (P for interaction = 0.020). The stronger association between serum LDL cholesterol and alcohol consumption in the ALDH2 Glu/Lys or Lys/Lys groups was replicated. Conclusions The ALDH2 Glu504Lys polymorphism can modify the association between alcohol intake and serum LDL cholesterol in Japanese men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Sasakabe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Sayo Kawai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Asahi Hishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Mariko Naito
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Sadao Suzuki
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Yora Nindita
- Department of International Island and Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University
| | - Kokichi Arisawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School
| | | | - Megumi Hara
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University
| | - Nagato Kuriyama
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science
| | - Akie Hirata
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Haruo Mikami
- Division of Cancer Registry, Prevention and Epidemiology, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute
| | - Isao Oze
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute
| | | | - Hideo Tanaka
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute.,Department of Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Nobuyuki Hamajima
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
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Bukiya AN, Seleverstov O, Bisen S, Dopico AM. Age-Dependent Susceptibility to Alcohol-Induced Cerebral Artery Constriction. JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL RESEARCH 2016; 5:236002. [PMID: 29391966 PMCID: PMC5790172 DOI: 10.4303/jdar/236002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age has been recognized as an important contributor into susceptibility to alcohol-driven pathology. PURPOSE We aimed at determining whether alcohol-induced constriction of cerebral arteries was age-dependent. STUDY DESIGN We used rat middle cerebral artery (MCA) in vitro diameter monitoring, patch-clamping and fluorescence labeling of myocytes to study an age-dependent increase in the susceptibility to alcohol in 3 (50 g), 8 (250 g), and 15 (440 g) weeks-old rats. RESULTS An age-dependent increase in alcohol-induced constriction of MCA could be observed in absence of endothelium, which is paralleled by an age-dependent increase in both protein level of the calcium-/voltage-gated potassium channel of large conductance (BK) accessory β1 subunit and basal BK channel activity. Ethanol-induced BK channel inhibition is increased with age. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate an increased susceptibility of MCA to ethanol-induced constriction in a period equivalent to adolescence and early adulthood when compared to pre-adolescence. Our work suggests that BK β1 constitutes a significant contributor to age-dependent changes in the susceptibility of cerebral arteries to ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna N Bukiya
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
| | - Olga Seleverstov
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
| | - Shivantika Bisen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
| | - Alex M Dopico
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
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Huang YK, Kang WM, Ma ZQ, Liu YQ, Zhou L, Yu JC. Body mass index, serum total cholesterol, and risk of gastric high-grade dysplasia: A case-control study among Chinese adults. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4730. [PMID: 27583914 PMCID: PMC5008598 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is related to an increased risk of gastric cardia cancer. However, the influences of excess body weight and serum total cholesterol on the risk of gastric high-grade dysplasia have not been fully characterized.A case-control study was conducted to explore the relationships between body mass index (BMI), serum total cholesterol level, and the risk of gastric high-grade dysplasia in Chinese adults. A total of 893 consecutive patients with gastric high-grade dysplasia (537 men and 356 women) and 902 controls (543 men and 359 women) were enrolled from January 2000 to October 2015. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated, and a multivariate analysis was conducted.After adjusting for age, alcohol consumption, smoking status, family history of gastric cancer or esophageal cancer, and serum total cholesterol level, a BMI ranging from 27.5 to 29.9 was significantly related to an increased risk of gastric high-grade dysplasia in both men (adjusted OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.24-2.81) and women (adjusted OR = 2.72, 95% CI = 1.44-5.16). The 2 highest BMI categories (27.5-29.9 and ≥30.0) were identified as risk factors for gastric cardia high-grade dysplasia in both men (BMI = 27.5-29.9: adjusted OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.02-3.10; BMI ≥ 30.0: adjusted OR = 2.54, 95% CI = 1.27-5.08) and women (BMI = 27.5-29.9: adjusted OR = 2.88, 95% CI = 1.27-6.55; BMI ≥ 30.0: adjusted OR = 2.77, 95% CI = 1.36-5.64), whereas only a BMI ranging from 27.5 to 29.9 was a risk factor for gastric noncardia high-grade dysplasia in both men (adjusted OR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.25-3.14) and women (adjusted OR = 2.88, 95% CI = 1.43-5.81). In addition, higher serum total cholesterol was associated with an increased risk of gastric noncardia high-grade dysplasia (adjusted OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.25-2.69) in women.Increased BMI was associated with an increased risk of gastric high-grade dysplasia in both men and women, and higher serum total cholesterol increased the risk of gastric noncardia high-grade dysplasia in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Kai Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
| | - Wei-Ming Kang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
| | - Zhi-Qiang Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
| | - Yu-Qin Liu
- Cell Culture Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
| | - Jian-Chun Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Correspondence: Jian-Chun Yu, Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China (e-mail: )
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Singh R, Sharma S, Singh RK, Mahdi AA, Singh RK, Lee Gierke C, Cornelissen G. Effect of gender, age, diet and smoking status on chronomics of circulating plasma lipid components in healthy Indians. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 459:10-18. [PMID: 27206813 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating lipid components were studied under near-normal tropical conditions (around Lucknow) in 162 healthy volunteers - mostly medical students, staff members and members of their families (103 males and 59 females; 7 to 75y), subdivided into 4 age groups: A (7-20y; N=42), B (21-40y; N=60), C (41-60y; N=35) and D (61-75y; N=25). METHODS Blood samples were collected from each subject every 6h for 24h (4 samples). Plasma was separated and total cholesterol, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, phospholipids and total lipids were measured spectrophotometrically. Data from each subject were analyzed by cosinor. We examined by multiple-analysis of variance how the MESOR (Midline Estimating Statistic Of Rhythm, a rhythm-adjusted mean) and the circadian amplitude of these variables is affected by gender, age, diet (vegetarian vs. omnivore), and smoking status. RESULTS In addition to effects of gender and age, diet and smoking were found to affect the MESOR of circulating plasma lipid components in healthy Indians residing in northern India. Age also affected the circadian amplitude of these variables. CONCLUSION These results indicate the possibility of using non-pharmacological interventions to improve a patient's metabolic profile before prescribing medication under near normal tropical conditions. They also add information that may help refine cut-off values in the light of factors shown here to affect blood lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana Singh
- Biochemistry Department, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Sumita Sharma
- Biochemistry Department, Sgrr Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, Dehradun 248001, India
| | - Rajesh K Singh
- Biochemistry Department, T S Misra Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow 226008, India
| | - Abbas A Mahdi
- Biochemistry Department, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Raj K Singh
- Biochemistry Department, T S Misra Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow 226008, India
| | - Cathy Lee Gierke
- Halberg Chronobiology Center, University Of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Germaine Cornelissen
- Halberg Chronobiology Center, University Of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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Wakabayashi I. Smoking and lipid-related indices in patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med 2014; 31:868-78. [PMID: 24606550 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Lipid-related indices, including the ratio of LDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol, the ratio of triglycerides to HDL cholesterol and lipid accumulation product, are known to be good discriminators for cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationships between smoking and the lipid indices in patients with diabetes. METHODS Subjects were those who had been diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus at annual health check-ups at their places of work (n = 2563). The subjects were divided into three groups of non-smokers, light smokers (≤ 20 cigarettes/day) and heavy smokers (> 20 cigarettes/day). The relationships between smoking and the lipid indices were investigated. RESULTS Both in all subjects and in the subjects without a habit of alcohol drinking, the LDL cholesterol:HDL cholesterol ratio and the log-transformed triglyerides:HDL cholesterol ratio tended to be higher with an increase in the amount of smoking, and the log-transformed lipid accumulation product was significantly higher in heavy smokers than in non-smokers. In the non-alcohol drinking subjects, the odds ratios of heavy smokers vs. non-smokers for high LDL cholesterol:HDL cholesterol ratio [2.32 (95% CI 1.40-3.84)], for high triglycerides:HDL cholesterol ratio [1.69 (95% CI 1.06-2.69)] and for high lipid accumulation product [1.65 (95% CI 1.02-2.67)] were significantly higher than a reference level of 1.00. The associations between smoking and the lipid indices were weaker in alcohol drinkers than in non-drinkers. CONCLUSIONS In patients with diabetes, the levels of lipid-related indices were higher in smokers than in non-smokers, and cardiometabolic disorders, reflected by high lipid indices, are thought to be involved in the proneness of smokers to develop atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Wakabayashi
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
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Kokaze A, Ishikawa M, Matsunaga N, Karita K, Yoshida M, Ohtsu T, Ochiai H, Shirasawa T, Nanri H, Hoshino H, Takashima Y. Difference in effects of cigarette smoking or alcohol consumption on serum non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels is related to mitochondrial DNA 5178 C/A polymorphism in middle-aged Japanese men: a cross-sectional study. J Physiol Anthropol 2014; 33:1. [PMID: 24383671 PMCID: PMC3905964 DOI: 10.1186/1880-6805-33-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial DNA 5178 cytosine/adenosine (Mt5178 C/A) polymorphism is associated with longevity in the Japanese. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether Mt5178 C/A polymorphism modifies the effects of habitual smoking or habitual drinking on serum non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol levels in middle-aged Japanese men. METHODS A total of 394 male subjects (age 53.9 ± 7.9 years; mean ± SD) were selected from among individuals visiting the hospital for regular medical check-ups. After Mt5178 C/A genotyping, a cross-sectional study assessing the joint effects of Mt5178 C/A polymorphism and cigarette smoking or alcohol drinking on serum non-HDL cholesterol levels was conducted. High levels of serum non-HDL cholesterol were defined as serum non-HDL cholesterol levels ≥160 mg/dl or ≥190 mg/dl. RESULTS For men with Mt5178A, cigarette smoking may increase serum non-HDL cholesterol levels (P for trend < 0.001), as well as the risk of high levels of non-HDL cholesterol (serum non-HDL cholesterol levels ≥160 mg/dl, P for trend < 0.001; serum non-HDL cholesterol levels ≥190 mg/dl, P for trend = 0.004). On the other hand, for men with Mt5178C, after adjusting for age and body mass index, alcohol consumption may decrease serum non-HDL cholesterol levels (P for trend = 0.043) and the risk of high levels of non-HDL cholesterol (serum non-HDL cholesterol level ≥160 mg/dl, P for trend = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS These gene-environment interactions on serum non-HDL cholesterol levels may contribute to the establishment of individualized prevention of the risk of high levels of serum non-HDL cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akatsuki Kokaze
- Department of Public Health, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, 142-8555 Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Islami F, Pourshams A, Vedanthan R, Poustchi H, Kamangar F, Golozar A, Etemadi A, Khademi H, Freedman ND, Merat S, Garg V, Fuster V, Wakefield J, Dawsey SM, Pharoah P, Brennan P, Abnet CC, Malekzadeh R, Boffetta P. Smoking water-pipe, chewing nass and prevalence of heart disease: a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the Golestan Cohort Study, Iran. Heart 2013; 99:272-8. [PMID: 23257174 PMCID: PMC3671096 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2012-302861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Water-pipe and smokeless tobacco use have been associated with several adverse health outcomes. However, little information is available on the association between water-pipe use and heart disease (HD). Therefore, we investigated the association of smoking water-pipe and chewing nass (a mixture of tobacco, lime and ash) with prevalent HD. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Baseline data (collected in 2004-2008) from a prospective population-based study in Golestan Province, Iran. PARTICIPANTS 50 045 residents of Golestan (40-75 years old; 42.4% men). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ORs and 95% CIs from multivariate logistic regression models for the association of water-pipe and nass use with HD prevalence. RESULTS A total of 3051 (6.1%) participants reported a history of HD, and 525 (1.1%) and 3726 (7.5%) reported ever water-pipe or nass use, respectively. Heavy water-pipe smoking was significantly associated with HD prevalence (highest level of cumulative use vs never use, OR=3.75; 95% CI 1.52 to 9.22; p for trend=0.04). This association persisted when using different cut-off points, when restricting HD to those taking nitrate compound medications, and among never cigarette smokers. There was no significant association between nass use and HD prevalence (highest category of use vs never use, OR=0.91; 95% CI 0.69 to 1.20). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests a significant association between HD and heavy water-pipe smoking. Although the existing evidence suggesting similar biological consequences of water-pipe and cigarette smoking make this association plausible, results of our study were based on a modest number of water-pipe users and need to be replicated in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Islami
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- The Tisch Cancer Institute and Institute for Transitional Epidemiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Akram Pourshams
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rajesh Vedanthan
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farin Kamangar
- Department of Public Health Analysis, School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, United States
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Asieh Golozar
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Arash Etemadi
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Hooman Khademi
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Neal D. Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Shahin Merat
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vaani Garg
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Valentin Fuster
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, United States
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jon Wakefield
- Departments of Biostatistics and Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Sanford M. Dawsey
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Paul Pharoah
- Departments of Oncology and Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Christian C. Abnet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- The Tisch Cancer Institute and Institute for Transitional Epidemiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, United States
- International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Abstract
These review discusses the effects of ethanol on lipoprotein levels and function as related to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD), with special emphasis on recent publications. Ethanol's effects on high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and other CVD risk factors recently have been explored. Other new data address genetic and demographic predictors and mechanisms of these responses. Not surprisingly, the results of some recent studies corroborate, whereas others differ from, earlier seemingly well-established findings. Prior and recent evidence shows favorable changes in HDL, other CVD risk factors, and CVD event rates with moderate, regular ethanol intake, and recent publications have explored the mechanisms of this relationship. Application of these findings in clinical practice remains problematic, however, due to the lack of randomized, controlled clinical trials of ethanol and due to the potential hazards of ethanol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliot A Brinton
- Utah Foundation for Biomedical Research, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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11
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Combined Impact of Alcohol and Tobacco: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-011-0199-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Ke D, Chen Q, Wu Q, Li X, Wu Z, Li G, Deng W, Mo X. Analysis of the correlation between non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol and coronary heart disease in elderly Chinese. Intern Med 2011; 50:1279-85. [PMID: 21673462 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.50.4988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the aged population, serum cholesterol is directly correlated with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. We aimed to investigate the correlation between non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) level and CHD and coronary lesions in an aged population. METHODS 1,272 cases of old patients who were more than 65 years old and accepted for coronary angiography were analyzed retrospectively. Based on the result of coronary angiography, the patients were divided into control group and CHD group. Further, 767 CHD patients were divided into subgroups according to the number of branches with pathological changes and Gensini score. Serum TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and TG were assayed to measure the level of non-HDL-C. The differences in non-HDL-C among groups were compared, and the correlation between non-HDL-C and coronary artery disease degree was also analyzed. RESULTS The non-HDL-C level in the CHD group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.01). Further, the serum non-HDL-C showed an increasing tendency accompanied by the increase in branches with lesions. Compared with patients with single or double coronary artery branches lesions, the non-HDL-C in those with multiple lesions in branches was significantly increased (p < 0.01, p < 0.05). With the aggravation of coronary artery stenosis, the serum non-HDL-C level was gradually increased. The most significant increase was observed in the group with Gensini score of more than 40. There was a significant difference between Gensini score > 40 group and Gensini score of 20-40 group and Gensini score < 20 group, respectively (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). Meanwhile, there were significant positive correlations between the serum non-HDL-C level and coronary lesions area and severity (r = 0.147, p < 0.01; r = 0.152, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION In conclusion, serum non-HDL-C was closely associated with development of CHD and coronary artery lesions severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhi Ke
- Department of Geriatrics Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, PR China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article reviews published studies regarding effects of ethanol intake on lipoprotein levels and function as they relate to atherosclerosis, with special emphasis on recent publications in the past 2 years. RECENT FINDINGS Some recent studies have explored novel mechanisms of ethanol on atherogenesis via effects on HDL composition and function. Other studies have focused on changes in levels of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride, and other factors such as inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (LpPLA2). Other areas of emphasis have been the effects within specific populations and between genders, as well as contributions of genetic polymorphisms in prediction of response to ethanol. Surprisingly, results of recent studies are often at odds with prior, seemingly well established findings. SUMMARY The association between moderate ethanol consumption and favorable changes in lipoproteins and lipoprotein-related factors in atherosclerosis continues to become better established with the publication of new studies in this field. Continued progress is being achieved in understanding the well established link between moderate intake and reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Nevertheless, it remains difficult to implement these findings in clinical practice due to the ongoing lack of randomized, blinded clinical trial data, and the well known hazards of excess ethanol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliot A Brinton
- Department of Cardiovascular Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA.
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