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Chen T, Le Bizec B, Dervilly G. Anabolic steroids in livestock production: Background and implications for chemical food safety. Steroids 2024; 206:109420. [PMID: 38580048 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2024.109420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The use of steroids in livestock animals is a source of concern for consumers because of the risks associated with the presence of their residues in foodstuffs of animal origin. Technological advances such as mass spectrometry have made it possible to play a fundamental role in controlling such practices, firstly for the discovery of marker metabolites but also for the monitoring of these compounds under the regulatory framework. Current control strategies rely on the monitoring of either the parent drug or its metabolites in various matrices of interest. As some of these steroids also have an endogenous status specific strategies have to be applied for control purposes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date knowledge of analytical strategies, whether targeted or non-targeted, and whether they focus on markers of exposure or effect in the specific context of chemical food safety regarding the use of anabolic steroids in livestock. The role of new approaches in data acquisition (e.g. ion mobility), processing and analysis, (e.g. molecular networking), is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chen
- Oniris, INRAE, LABERCA, Nantes 44300, France
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2
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Kumondai M, Maekawa M, Hishinuma E, Sato Y, Sato T, Kikuchi M, Hiratsuka M, Mano N. Development of a Simultaneous Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analytical Method for Urinary Endogenous Substrates and Metabolites for Predicting Cytochrome P450 3A4 Activity. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:455-463. [PMID: 36858575 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
CYP3A4, which contributes to the metabolism of more than 30% of clinically used drugs, exhibits high variation in its activity; therefore, predicting CYP3A4 activity before drug treatment is vital for determining the optimal dosage for each patient. We aimed to develop and validate an LC-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method that simultaneously measures the levels of CYP3A4 activity-related predictive biomarkers (6β-hydroxycortisol (6β-OHC), cortisol (C), 1β-hydroxydeoxycholic acid (1β-OHDCA), and deoxycholic acid (DCA)). Chromatographic separation was achieved using a YMC-Triart C18 column and a gradient flow of the mobile phase comprising deionized water/25% ammonia solution (100 : 0.1, v/v) and methanol/acetonitrile/25% ammonia solution (50 : 50 : 0.1, v/v/v). Selective reaction monitoring in the negative-ion mode was used for MS/MS, and run times of 33 min were used. All analytes showed high linearity in the range of 3-3000 ng/mL. Additionally, their concentrations in urine samples derived from volunteers were analyzed via treatment with deconjugation enzymes, ignoring inter-individual differences in the variation of other enzymatic activities. Our method satisfied the analytical validation criteria under clinical conditions. Moreover, the concentrations of each analyte were quantified within the range of calibration curves for all urine samples. The conjugated forms of each analyte were hydrolyzed to accurately examine CYP3A4 activity. Non-invasive urine sampling employed herein is an effective alternative to invasive plasma sampling. The analytically validated simultaneous quantification method developed in this study can be used to predict CYP3A4 activity in precision medicine and investigate the potential clinical applications of CYP3A4 biomarkers (6β-OHC/C and 1β-OHDCA/DCA ratios).
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kumondai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital
| | - Masamitsu Maekawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University.,Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine, Tohoku University
| | - Eiji Hishinuma
- Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine, Tohoku University.,Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University
| | - Yu Sato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital
| | - Toshihiro Sato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital
| | - Masafumi Kikuchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Masahiro Hiratsuka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University.,Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine, Tohoku University.,Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University
| | - Nariyasu Mano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
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3
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Shen M, Xie Q, Zhang R, Yu C, Xiao P. Metabolite-assisted models improve risk prediction of coronary heart disease in patients with diabetes. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1175021. [PMID: 37033607 PMCID: PMC10081143 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1175021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with diabetes have a two-to four-fold increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases compared with non-diabetics. Currently, there is no recognized model to predict the occurrence and progression of CVDs in diabetics. Objective: This work aimed to develop a metabolic biomarker-assisted model, a combination of metabolic markers with clinical variables, for risk prediction of CVDs in diabetics. Methods: A total of 475 patients with diabetes were studied. Each patient underwent coronary angiography. Plasma samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Ordinal logistic regression and random forest were used to screen metabolites. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, nomogram, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were employed to evaluate their prediction performances. Results: Ordinal logistic regression screened out 34 differential metabolites (adjusted-false discovery rate p < 0.05) from 2059 ion features by comparisons of diabetics with and without CVDs. Random forest identified methylglutarylcarnitine and lysoPC (18:0) as the metabolic markers (mean decrease gini >1.0) for non-significant CVDs (nos-CVDs) versus normal coronary artery (NCA), 1,3-Octadiene and 3-Octanone for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) versus nos-CVDs, and lysoPC (18:0) for acute coronary syndrome versus normal coronary artery. For risk prediction, the metabolic marker-assisted models provided areas under the curve of 0.962-0.979 by ROC (0.576-0.779 for the base models), and c-indices of 0.8477-0.9537 by nomogram analysis (0.1514-0.5196 for the base models). Decision curve analysis (DCA) showed that the models produced greater benefits throughout a wide range of risk probabilities compared with the base model. Conclusion: Metabolic biomarker-assisted model remarkably improved risk prediction of cardiovascular disease in diabetics (>90%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingya Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruizhe Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunjing Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Chunjing Yu, ; Pingxi Xiao,
| | - Pingxi Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Chunjing Yu, ; Pingxi Xiao,
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4
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Polyzos SA, Hill MA, Fuleihan GEH, Gnudi L, Kim YB, Larsson SC, Masuzaki H, Matarese G, Sanoudou D, Tena-Sempere M, Mantzoros CS. Metabolism, Clinical and Experimental: seventy years young and growing. Metabolism 2022; 137:155333. [PMID: 36244415 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stergios A Polyzos
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michael A Hill
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Ghada El-Hajj Fuleihan
- Division of Endocrinology, Calcium Metabolism and Osteoporosis Program, World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Metabolic Bone Disorders, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Luigi Gnudi
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College, London, UK
| | - Young-Bum Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susanna C Larsson
- Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hiroaki Masuzaki
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology, Second Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Giuseppe Matarese
- Treg Cell Lab, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy; Laboratorio di Immunogenetica dei Trapianti & Registro Regionale dei Trapianti di Midollo, AOU "Federico II", Naples, Italy; Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy
| | - Despina Sanoudou
- Clinical Genomics and Pharmacogenomics Unit, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece; Center for New Biotechnologies and Precision Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Section of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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5
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Wang X, Wu Z, Zeng J, Zhao Y, Zhang C, Yu M, Wang W, Chen X, Chen L, Wang J, Xu L, Zhou J, Tan Q, Wei W, Li Y. Untargeted metabolomics of pulmonary tuberculosis patient serum reveals potential prognostic markers of both latent infection and outcome. Front Public Health 2022; 10:962510. [PMID: 36457328 PMCID: PMC9705731 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.962510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are no particularly effective biomarkers to distinguish between latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and active pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and evaluate the outcome of TB treatment. In this study, we have characterized the changes in the serum metabolic profiles caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection and standard anti-TB treatment with isoniazid-rifampin-pyrazinamide-ethambutol (HRZE) using GC-MS and LC-MS/MS. Seven metabolites, including 3-oxopalmitic acid, akeboside ste, sulfolithocholic acid, 2-decylfuran (4,8,8-trimethyldecahydro-1,4-methanoazulen-9-yl)methanol, d-(+)-camphor, and 2-methylaminoadenosine, were identified to have significantly higher levels in LTBI and untreated PTB patients (T0) than those in uninfected healthy controls (Un). Among them, akeboside Ste and sulfolithocholic acid were significantly decreased in PTB patients with 2-month HRZE (T2) and cured PTB patients with 2-month HRZE followed by 4-month isoniazid-rifampin (HR) (T6). Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis revealed that the combined diagnostic model showed excellent performance for distinguishing LT from T0 and Un. By analyzing the biochemical and disease-related pathways, we observed that the differential metabolites in the serum of LTBI or TB patients, compared to healthy controls, were mainly involved in glutathione metabolism, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, and porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism. The metabolites with significant differences between the T0 group and the T6 group were mainly enriched in niacin and nicotinamide metabolism. Our study provided more detailed experimental data for developing laboratory standards for evaluating LTBI and cured PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhi Wang
- Foshan Fourth People's Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Zhuhua Wu
- Center for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jincheng Zeng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Development and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yuchuan Zhao
- Center for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- Center for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiling Yu
- Center for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Foshan Fourth People's Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Xunxun Chen
- Center for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Center for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- Center for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liuyue Xu
- Center for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Foshan Fourth People's Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Qiuchan Tan
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Development and Translational Research, Guangzhou Health Science College, Guangzhou, China,Qiuchan Tan
| | - Wenjing Wei
- Center for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China,Wenjing Wei
| | - Yanxia Li
- Foshan Fourth People's Hospital, Foshan, China,*Correspondence: Yanxia Li
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Structural Investigation of Betulinic Acid Plasma Metabolites by Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217359. [PMID: 36364186 PMCID: PMC9656950 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Betulinic acid (BA) has been extensively studied in recent years mainly for its antiproliferative and antitumor effect in various types of cancers. Limited data are available regarding the pharmacokinetic profile of BA, particularly its metabolic transformation in vivo. In this study, we present the screening and structural investigations by ESI Orbitrap MS in the negative ion mode and CID MS/MS of phase I and phase II metabolites detected in mouse plasma after the intraperitoneal administration of a nanoemulsion containing BA in SKH 1 female mice. Obtained results indicate that the main phase I metabolic reactions that BA undergoes are monohydroxylation, dihydroxylation, oxidation and hydrogenation, while phase II reactions involved sulfation, glucuronidation and methylation. The fragmentation pathway for BA and its plasma metabolites were elucidated by sequencing of the precursor ions by CID MS MS experiments.
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Chabi K, Sleno L. Estradiol, Estrone and Ethinyl Estradiol Metabolism Studied by High Resolution LC-MS/MS Using Stable Isotope Labeling and Trapping of Reactive Metabolites. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12100931. [PMID: 36295833 PMCID: PMC9611524 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12100931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotransformation reactions that xenobiotics undergo during their metabolism are crucial for their proper excretion from the body, but can also be a source of toxicity, especially in the case of reactive metabolite formation. Unstable, reactive metabolites are capable of covalent binding to proteins, and have often been linked to liver damage and other undesired side effects. A common technique to assess the formation of reactive metabolites employs trapping them in vitro with glutathione and characterizing the resulting adducts by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Some endogenous compounds, however, can interfere with xenobiotic metabolites of interest, making the analysis more difficult. This study demonstrates the usefulness of isotope-labeled compounds to detect and elucidate the structures of both stable metabolites and trapped adducts of three estrogen analogs using an untargeted LC-MS/MS workflow. The metabolism of estradiol, estrone and ethinyl estradiol was investigated. Unlabeled and deuterated versions of these three compounds were incubated with human or rat liver microsomes in the presence of two different trapping agents, namely glutathione and N-acetylcysteine. The detection of closely eluting deuterated peaks allowed us to confirm the formation of several known metabolites, as well as many previously uncharacterized ones. The structure of each adduct was elucidated by the detailed analysis of high-resolution MS/MS spectra for elucidating fragmentation pathways with accurate mass measurements. The use of isotopic labeling was crucial in helping confirm many metabolites and adduct structures, as well as removing endogenous interferences.
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Diffusion- and Chemometric-Based Separation of Complex Electrochemical Signals That Originated from Multiple Redox-Active Molecules. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14040717. [PMID: 35215630 PMCID: PMC8875081 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In situ analysis of multiple biomarkers in the body provides better diagnosis and enables personalized health management. Since many of these biomarkers are redox-active, electrochemical sensors have shown promising analytical capabilities to measure multiple redox-active molecules. However, the analytical performance of electrochemical sensors rapidly decreases in the presence of multicomponent biofluids due to their limited ability to separate overlapping electrochemical signals generated by multiple molecules. Here we report a novel approach to use charged chitosan-modified electrodes to alter the diffusion of ascorbic acid, clozapine, L-homocysteine, and uric acid—test molecules with various molecular charges and molecular weights. Moreover, we present a complementary approach to use chemometrics to decipher the complex set of overlapping signals generated from a mixture of differentially charged redox molecules. The partial least square regression model predicted three out of four redox-active molecules with root mean square error, Pearson correlation coefficient, and R-squared values of 125 µM, 0.947, and 0.894; 51.8 µM, 0.877, and 0.753; 55.7 µM, 0.903, and 0.809, respectively. By further enhancing our understanding of the diffusion of redox-active molecules in chitosan, the in-situ separation of multiple molecules can be enabled, which will be used to establish guidelines for the effective separation of biomarkers.
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9
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Hadavi D, Borzova M, Siegel TP, Honing M. Uncovering the behaviour of ions in the gas-phase to predict the ion mobility separation of isomeric steroid compounds. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1200:339617. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Li Z, Liang Y, Du C, Yu X, Hou L, Wu W, Ying Y, Luo X. Clinical applications of genetic analysis and liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry in rare types of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:237. [PMID: 34823514 PMCID: PMC8620188 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00901-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our study aims to summarize the clinical characteristics of rare types of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) other than 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD), and to explore the clinical applications of genetic analysis and liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in rare CAH. METHODS We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 5 rare cases of CAH admitted to our hospital and summarized their clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations, diagnosis and mutational spectrum. RESULTS After gene sequencing, complex heterozygous variants were detected in all patients (2 cases were lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia (LCAH), 11β-hydroxylase deficiency (11β-OHD), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency (3β-HSD deficiency) and P450 oxidoreductase deficiency (PORD) each accounted for 1 case), which were consistent with their clinical manifestations. Among them, 4 novel variants were detected, including c.650 + 2 T > A of the StAR gene, c.1145 T > C (p. L382P) of the CYP11B1 gene, c.1622C > T (p. A541V) and c.1804C > T (p. Q602 *) of the POR gene. The LC-MS/MS results for steroid hormones in patients were also consistent with their genetic variants: 2 patients with LCAH showed a decrease in all steroid hormones; 11β-OHD patient showed a significant increase in 11-deoxycortisol and 11-deoxycorticosterone; patient with 3β-HSD deficiency showed a significant increase in DHEA; and PORD patient was mainly characterized by elevated 17OHP, progesterone and impaired synthesis of androgen levels. CONCLUSIONS The clinical manifestations and classification of CAH are complicated, and there are cases of missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis. It's necessary to combine the analysis of clinical manifestations and auxiliary examinations for diagnosis; if necessary, LC-MS/MS analysis of steroid hormones or gene sequencing is recommended for confirming diagnosis and typing.
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MESH Headings
- Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/blood
- Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/genetics
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- China
- Chromatography, Liquid
- Disorder of Sex Development, 46,XY/blood
- Disorder of Sex Development, 46,XY/genetics
- Female
- Gonadal Steroid Hormones/blood
- Humans
- Infant, Newborn
- Male
- Retrospective Studies
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
- Steroid 11-beta-Hydroxylase/genetics
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoguang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Caiqi Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanqing Ying
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Davis DE, Leaptrot KL, Koomen DC, May JC, Cavalcanti GDA, Padilha MC, Pereira HMG, McLean JA. Multidimensional Separations of Intact Phase II Steroid Metabolites Utilizing LC-Ion Mobility-HRMS. Anal Chem 2021; 93:10990-10998. [PMID: 34319704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The detection and unambiguous identification of anabolic-androgenic steroid metabolites are essential in clinical, forensic, and antidoping analyses. Recently, sulfate phase II steroid metabolites have received increased attention in steroid metabolism and drug testing. In large part, this is because phase II steroid metabolites are excreted for an extended time, making them a potential long-term chemical marker of choice for tracking steroid misuse in sports. Comprehensive analytical methods, such as liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), have been used to detect and identify glucuronide and sulfate steroids in human urine with high sensitivity and reliability. However, LC-MS/MS identification strategies can be hindered by the fact that phase II steroid metabolites generate nonselective ion fragments across the different metabolite markers, limiting the confidence in metabolite identifications that rely on exact mass measurement and MS/MS information. Additionally, liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) is sometimes insufficient at fully resolving the analyte peaks from the sample matrix (commonly urine) chemical noise, further complicating accurate identification efforts. Therefore, we developed a liquid chromatography-ion mobility-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-IM-HRMS) method to increase the peak capacity and utilize the IM-derived collision cross section (CCS) values as an additional molecular descriptor for increased selectivity and to improve identifications of intact steroid analyses at low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don E Davis
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Innovative Technology, Institute of Chemical Biology, Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Katrina L Leaptrot
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Innovative Technology, Institute of Chemical Biology, Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - David C Koomen
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Innovative Technology, Institute of Chemical Biology, Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Jody C May
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Innovative Technology, Institute of Chemical Biology, Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Gustavo de A Cavalcanti
- Brazilian Doping Control Laboratory (LBCD), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Monica C Padilha
- Brazilian Doping Control Laboratory (LBCD), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Henrique M G Pereira
- Brazilian Doping Control Laboratory (LBCD), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-598, Brazil
| | - John A McLean
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Innovative Technology, Institute of Chemical Biology, Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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12
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Development and Validation of a UPLC-MS/MS Method for the Quantitative Determination and Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Cirsimarin in Rat Plasma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9953664. [PMID: 34212043 PMCID: PMC8205585 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9953664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cirsimarin is a bioactive antilipogenic flavonoid isolated from the cotyledons of Abrus precatorius and represents one of the most abundant flavonoids present in this plant species. Cirsimarin exhibits excellent antioxidant, lipolysis, and other biological properties; it can effectively trigger lipid movement and demonstrates antiobesity effects. In this work, an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the determination of cirsimarin in rat plasma after intravenous administration. A standard curve of cirsimarin in blank rat plasma was generated over the concentration range of 1–3000 ng/mL. Six rats were administered cirsimarin intravenously (1 mg/kg). The method only required 50 μL of plasma for sample preparation, and the plasma proteins were precipitated with acetonitrile to pretreat the plasma sample. The precisions of cirsimarin in rat plasma were less than 14%, while the accuracies varied between 92.5% and 107.3%. In addition, the matrix effect varied between 103.6% and 107.4%, while the recoveries were greater than 84.2%. This UPLC-MS/MS method was then applied in measuring the pharmacokinetics of cirsimarin in rats. The AUC(0-t) values of cirsimarin from the pharmacokinetic analysis were 1068.2 ± 359.2 ng/mL·h for intravenous administration. The half-life (t1/2) was 1.1 ± 0.4 h (intravenous), indicating that the metabolism of the compound was quick in the rats. Exploring the pharmacokinetics of cirsimarin in vivo can help better understand its metabolism.
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Olesti E, Boccard J, Visconti G, González-Ruiz V, Rudaz S. From a single steroid to the steroidome: Trends and analytical challenges. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 206:105797. [PMID: 33259940 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
For several decades now, the analysis of steroids has been a key tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of numerous endocrine pathologies. Thus, the available methods used to analyze steroids in biological samples have dramatically evolved over time following the rapid pace of technology and scientific knowledge. This review aims to synthetize the advances in steroids' analysis, from classical approaches considering only a few steroids or a limited number of steroid ratios, up to the new steroid profiling strategies (steroidomics) monitoring large sets of steroids in biological matrices. In this context, the use of liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry has emerged as the technique of choice for the simultaneous determination of a high number of steroids, including phase II metabolites, due to its sensitivity and robustness. However, the large dynamic range to be covered, the low natural abundance of some key steroids, the selectivity of the analytical methods, the extraction protocols, and the steroid ionization remain some of the current challenges in steroid analysis. This review provides an overview of the different analytical workflows available depending on the number of steroids under study. Special emphasis is given to sample treatment, acquisition strategy, data processing, steroid identification and quantification using LC-MS approaches. This work also outlines how the availability of steroid standards, the need for complementary analytical strategies and the improvement of calibration approaches are crucial for achieving complete steroidome quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eulalia Olesti
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Switzerland; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland
| | - Julien Boccard
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Switzerland; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland
| | - Gioele Visconti
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Switzerland; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Víctor González-Ruiz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Switzerland; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland
| | - Serge Rudaz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
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Hernández-Mesa M, D'Atri V, Barknowitz G, Fanuel M, Pezzatti J, Dreolin N, Ropartz D, Monteau F, Vigneau E, Rudaz S, Stead S, Rogniaux H, Guillarme D, Dervilly G, Le Bizec B. Interlaboratory and Interplatform Study of Steroids Collision Cross Section by Traveling Wave Ion Mobility Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2020; 92:5013-5022. [PMID: 32167758 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Collision cross section (CCS) databases based on single-laboratory measurements must be cross-validated to extend their use in peak annotation. This work addresses the validation of the first comprehensive TWCCSN2 database for steroids. First, its long-term robustness was evaluated (i.e., a year and a half after database generation; Synapt G2-S instrument; bias within ±1.0% for 157 ions, 95.7% of the total ions). It was further cross-validated by three external laboratories, including two different TWIMS platforms (i.e., Synapt G2-Si and two Vion IMS QToF; bias within the threshold of ±2.0% for 98.8, 79.9, and 94.0% of the total ions detected by each instrument, respectively). Finally, a cross-laboratory TWCCSN2 database was built for 87 steroids (142 ions). The cross-laboratory database consists of average TWCCSN2 values obtained by the four TWIMS instruments in triplicate measurements. In general, lower deviations were observed between TWCCSN2 measurements and reference values when the cross-laboratory database was applied as a reference instead of the single-laboratory database. Relative standard deviations below 1.5% were observed for interlaboratory measurements (<1.0% for 85.2% of ions) and bias between average values and TWCCSN2 measurements was within the range of ±1.5% for 96.8% of all cases. In the context of this interlaboratory study, this threshold was also suitable for TWCCSN2 measurements of steroid metabolites in calf urine. Greater deviations were observed for steroid sulfates in complex urine samples of adult bovines, showing a slight matrix effect. The implementation of a scoring system for the application of the CCS descriptor in peak annotation is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valentina D'Atri
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Gitte Barknowitz
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, U.K
| | - Mathieu Fanuel
- INRAE, UR1268 Biopolymers Interactions Assemblies (BIA), Rue de la Géraudière B.P. 71627, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Julian Pezzatti
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Dreolin
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, U.K
| | - David Ropartz
- INRAE, UR1268 Biopolymers Interactions Assemblies (BIA), Rue de la Géraudière B.P. 71627, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | | | | | - Serge Rudaz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Sara Stead
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, U.K
| | - Hélène Rogniaux
- INRAE, UR1268 Biopolymers Interactions Assemblies (BIA), Rue de la Géraudière B.P. 71627, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Davy Guillarme
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Facilitating chemical and biochemical experiments with electronic microcontrollers and single-board computers. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:925-990. [PMID: 31996842 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-019-0272-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Since the advent of modern science, researchers have had to rely on their technical skills or the support of specialized workshops to construct analytical instruments. The notion of the 'fourth industrial revolution' promotes construction of customized systems by individuals using widely available, inexpensive electronic modules. This protocol shows how chemists and biochemists can utilize a broad range of microcontroller boards (MCBs) and single-board computers (SBCs) to improve experimental designs and address scientific questions. We provide seven example procedures for laboratory routines that can be expedited by implementing this technology: (i) injection of microliter-volume liquid plugs into microscale capillaries for low-volume assays; (ii) transfer of liquid extract to a mass spectrometer; (iii) liquid-gas extraction of volatile organic compounds (called 'fizzy extraction'), followed by mass spectrometric detection; (iv) monitoring of experimental conditions over the Internet cloud in real time; (v) transfer of analytes to a mass spectrometer via a liquid microjunction interface, data acquisition, and data deposition into the Internet cloud; (vi) feedback control of a biochemical reaction; and (vii) optimization of sample flow rate in direct-infusion mass spectrometry. The protocol constitutes a primer for chemists and biochemists who would like to take advantage of MCBs and SBCs in daily experimentation. It is assumed that the readers have not attended any courses related to electronics or programming. Using the instructions provided in this protocol and the cited material, readers should be able to assemble simple systems to facilitate various procedures performed in chemical and biochemical laboratories in 1-2 d.
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Rister AL, Dodds ED. Steroid analysis by ion mobility spectrometry. Steroids 2020; 153:108531. [PMID: 31672629 PMCID: PMC6986338 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.108531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Steroids are an important biomolecule class for analysis due to their promise as biomarkers for various diseases and their abuse as performance enhancers in sports. Current analytical methods, including chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, fall short of being able to confidently analyze steroids, partly due to the large number of steroid isomers. Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), a gas-phase ion separator, has shown potential for steroid analysis both in conjunction with liquid chromatography (LC) and as a stand-alone technique. This review will examine the current literature on IMS analysis of steroids. Analysis by LC-IMS will include examination of steroids and steroid glucuronides in human urine and serum samples for enhanced signal-to-noise ratios and higher confidence of identification. The stand-alone IMS analysis will examine the use of derivatization of steroids and formation of multimers to enhance resolution for steroid isomers analysis, where both methods have been shown to greatly increase the separation of steroid isomer species. However, these methods have not been applied to biological mixtures to assess their applicability to medical and forensic applications, which should be a future direction of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana L Rister
- Department of Chemistry and University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Eric D Dodds
- Department of Chemistry and University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA; Nebraska Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA.
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Rister AL, Dodds ED. Liquid chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry analysis of multiple classes of steroid hormone isomers in a mixture. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1137:121941. [PMID: 31877426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Methods for the analysis of steroids have long been of interest due to the multiple uses for such methods in medical applications, sports monitoring, and environmental science. The analysis of steroids involves inherent analytical hurdles due to their low biological concentrations, poor ionization efficiencies, and frequent occurrence of isomerism. One analytical technique that has been recently applied to steroid analysis is ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). While previous work has focused on the use of metal adduction and multimer formation to enhance separation through IMS analysis coupled to mass spectrometry (MS), this work furthers this approach by coupling IMS-MS with liquid chromatography (LC). Three different LC methods with varying tradeoffs between chromatographic resolution and run time were developed, with one of these achieving a resolution above 1.5 for all steroid isomers. These results also indicate that the coupling of LC to IMS-MS can increase the overall resolution of steroid isomers relative to what can be achieved by either LC or IMS alone. Furthermore, the use of LC and IMS in concert can allow for a more rapid analysis of steroid isomers than can be achieved by LC-MS alone. Finally, the IMS dimension provided for measurements of ion-neutral collision cross sections (CCSs), which were found to be in good agreement with previously reported measurements. Thus, this approach provides three complementary quantitative parameters (retention time, CCS, and mass-to-charge ratio) that can contribute the identification of analytes. Overall, the work presented here demonstrates the potential of coupling LC, IMS, and MS for the analysis of isomeric steroid hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana L Rister
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Eric D Dodds
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA; Nebraska Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA.
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Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-MS/MS (UHPLC-MS/MS) in practice: analysis of drugs and pharmaceutical formulations. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-019-0007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
UHPLC-MS/MS is connected in various research facilities for the qualitative and quantitative investigation of a pharmaceutical substance, pharmaceutical items, and biological specimen.
Main body
The commence review article is an endeavor to offer pervasive awareness around assorted aspects and details about the UHPLC-MS/MS and related techniques with the aim on practice to an estimation of medicinal active agents in the last 10 years. The article also focused on isolation, separation, and characterization of present impurity in drug and biological samples.
Conclusion
Review article compiles a general overview of medicinally important drugs and their analysis with UHPLC-MS/MS. It gives fundamental thought regarding applications of UHPLC-MS/MS for the study on safety limit. The summary of developed UHPLC-MS/MS methods gives a contribution to the future trend and limitations in this area of research.
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Cytological and Wet Mount Microscopic Observations Made in Urine of Schistosoma haematobium-Infected Children: Hint of the Implication in Bladder Cancer. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2019; 2019:7912186. [PMID: 31565106 PMCID: PMC6745107 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7912186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Schistosomiasis is the second major human parasitic disease next to malaria, in terms of socioeconomic and public health consequences, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Schistosoma haematobium (S. haematobium) is a trematode and one of the species of Schistosoma that cause urogenital schistosomiasis (urinary schistosomiasis). Although the knowledge of this disease has improved over the years, there are still endemic areas, with most of the reported cases in Africa, including Ghana. Not much has been done in Ghana to investigate cytological abnormalities in individuals within endemic communities, although there are epidemiologic evidences linking S. haematobium infection with carcinoma of the bladder. Aim The aim of this study was to identify microscopic and cytological abnormalities in the urine deposits of S. haematobium-infected children. Methodology Three hundred and sixty-seven (367) urine samples were collected from school children in Zenu and Weija communities. All the samples were examined microscopically for the presence of S. haematobium eggs, after which the infected samples and controls were processed for cytological investigation. Results S. haematobium ova were present in 66 (18.0%) out of the 367 urine samples. Inflammatory cells (82%, 54/66), hyperkeratosis (47%, 31/66), and squamous cell metaplasia (24%, 16/66) were the main observations made during the cytological examination of the S. haematobium-infected urine samples. Conclusion Cytological abnormalities in S. haematobium-infected children may play an important role in the severity of the disease, leading to the possible development of bladder cancer in later years, if early attention is not given. Therefore, routine cytological screening for urogenital schistosomiasis patients (especially children) at hospitals in S. haematobium-endemic locations is recommended.
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Laderoute H, Bone C, Brewer D, Squires EJ. The synthesis of 16-androstene sulfoconjugates from primary porcine Leydig cell culture. Steroids 2019; 146:14-20. [PMID: 30904503 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Increased public interest in the welfare of pigs reared for pork production has led to an enhanced effort in finding alternatives to castration for controlling the unpleasant odour and flavour from heated pork products known as boar taint. The purpose of this study was to investigate the testicular metabolism of androstenone, one of the major components of boar taint. Leydig cells were isolated from mature boars and incubated with radiolabeled androstenone for 10 min, 1 h, 4 h, 8 h, and 12 h. Steroid profiles were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Sulfoconjugated, but not glucuronidated steroids were produced by Leydig cells. Approximately 85% of androstenone was converted into sulfoconjugated metabolites in Leydig cell incubations after 8 h. This sulfoconjugate fraction included androstenol-3-sulfate and two major sulfated forms of androstenone. Following removal of the sulfate group, these two sulfated forms of androstenone returned the parent compound androstenone, and not a hydroxylated metabolite. These findings provided direct evidence for the testicular production of sulfoconjugated forms of androstenone and androstenol in the boar. The high proportion of sulfoconjugates produced by the Leydig cells emphasizes the importance of steroid conjugation, which serves to regulate the amount of unconjugated steroid hormones available for accumulation in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Laderoute
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G2W1, Canada
| | - Christine Bone
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G2W1, Canada
| | - Dyanne Brewer
- Advanced Analysis Centre, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G2W1, Canada
| | - E James Squires
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G2W1, Canada.
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Rister AL, Martin TL, Dodds ED. Formation of multimeric steroid metal adducts and implications for isomer mixture separation by traveling wave ion mobility spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2019; 54:429-436. [PMID: 30860640 PMCID: PMC6556764 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Steroid analysis is essential to the fields of medicine and forensics, but such analyses can present some complex analytical challenges. While chromatographic methods require long acquisition times and often provide incomplete separation, ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) as coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) has demonstrated significant promise for the separation of steroids, particularly in concert with metal adduction and multimerization. In this study, traveling wave ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS) was employed to separate multimer steroid metal adducts of isomers in mixtures. The results show the ability to separate steroid isomers with a decrease in resolution compared with single component standards because of the formation of heteromultimers. Additionally, ion-neutral collision cross sections (CCS) of the species studied were measured in the mixtures and compared with CCSs obtained in single component standards. Good agreement between these values suggests that the CCS may aid in identification of unknowns. Furthermore, a complex mixture composed of five sets of steroid isomers were analyzed, and distinct features for each steroid component were identified. This study further demonstrated the potential of TWIMS-MS methods for the rapid and isomer-specific study of steroids in biological samples for use either in tandem with or without chromatographic separation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiana L. Martin
- Department of Chemistry, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0304, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Spelman College, Atlanta, GA, 30314-4399, USA
| | - Eric D. Dodds
- Department of Chemistry, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0304, USA
- Nebraska Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication, University of Nebraska - Lincoln Lincoln, NE, 68588-0304, USA
- Corresponding Author Department of Chemistry; University of Nebraska - Lincoln 711 Hamilton Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0304, USA, ; Telephone: 1.402.472.3592
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Hernández-Mesa M, Monteau F, Le Bizec B, Dervilly-Pinel G. Potential of ion mobility-mass spectrometry for both targeted and non-targeted analysis of phase II steroid metabolites in urine. Anal Chim Acta X 2019; 1:100006. [PMID: 33117973 PMCID: PMC7587051 DOI: 10.1016/j.acax.2019.100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the commercialization of hybrid ion mobility-mass spectrometers and their integration in traditional LC-MS workflows provide new opportunities to extend the current boundaries of targeted and non-targeted analyses. When coupled to LC-MS, ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) provides a novel characterization parameter, the so-called averaged collision cross section (CCS, Ω), as well as improves method selectivity and sensitivity by the separation of isobaric and isomeric molecules and the isolation of the analytes of interest from background noise. In this work, we have explored the potential and advantages of this technology for carrying out the determination of phase II steroid metabolites (i.e. androgen and estrogen conjugates, including glucuronide and sulfate compounds; n = 25) in urine samples. These molecules have been selected based on their relevance in the fields of chemical food safety and doping control, as well as in metabolomics studies. The influence of urine matrix on the CCS of steroid metabolites was evaluated in order to give more confidence to current CCS databases and support its use as complementary information to retention time (Rt) and mass spectra for compound identification. Samples were only diluted 10-fold with aqueous formic acid (0.1%, v/v) prior analysis. Only an almost insignificant effect of adult bovine urine matrix on the CCS of certain steroid metabolites was observed in comparison with calve urine matrix, which is a less complex sample. In addition, high accuracy was achieved for CCS measurements carried out over four months (ΔCCS < 1.3% for 99.8% of CCS measurements; n = 1806). Interestingly, it has been observed that signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio could be improved at least 2 or 7-fold when IMS is combined with LC-MS. In addition to the separation of isomeric steroid pairs (i.e. etiocholanolone glucuronide and epiandrosterone glucuronide, as well as 19-noretiocholanolone glucuronide and 19-norandrosterone glucuronide), steroid-based ions were also separated in the IMS dimension from co-eluting matrix compounds that presented similar mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). Finally, based on CCS measurements and as a proof of concept, 17α-boldenone glucuronide has been identified as one of the main metabolites resulted from boldione administration to calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maykel Hernández-Mesa
- Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Oniris, INRA UMR 1329, UBL, Nantes, F-44307, France
| | - Fabrice Monteau
- Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Oniris, INRA UMR 1329, UBL, Nantes, F-44307, France
| | - Bruno Le Bizec
- Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Oniris, INRA UMR 1329, UBL, Nantes, F-44307, France
| | - Gaud Dervilly-Pinel
- Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Oniris, INRA UMR 1329, UBL, Nantes, F-44307, France
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Rister AL, Martin TL, Dodds ED. Application of Group I Metal Adduction to the Separation of Steroids by Traveling Wave Ion Mobility Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:248-255. [PMID: 30414066 PMCID: PMC6551524 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-2085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Steroids represent an interesting class of small biomolecules due to their use as biomarkers and their status as scheduled drugs. Although the analysis of steroids is complicated by the potential for many isomers, ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) has previously shown promise for the rapid separation of steroid isomers. This work is aimed at the further development of IMS separation for the analysis of steroids. Here, traveling wave ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS) was applied to the study of group I metal adducted steroids and their corresponding multimers for five sets of isomers. Each set of isomers had a minimum of one dimeric metal ion adduct that exhibited a resolution greater than one (i.e., approaching baseline resolution). Additionally, ion-neutral collision cross sections (CCSs) were measured using polyalanine as a calibrant, which may provide an additional metric contributing to analyte identification. Where possible, measured CCSs were compared to previously reported values. When measuring CCSs of steroid isomers using polyalanine as the calibrant, nitrogen CCS values were within 1.0% error for monomeric sodiated adducts and slightly higher for the dimeric sodiated adducts. Overall, TWIMS was found to successfully separate steroids as dimeric adducts of group I metals. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana L Rister
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0304, USA
| | - Tiana L Martin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0304, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Spelman College, Atlanta, GA, 30314-4399, USA
| | - Eric D Dodds
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0304, USA.
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Nuzzo G, Gallo C, d'Ippolito G, Manzo E, Ruocco N, Russo E, Carotenuto Y, Costantini M, Zupo V, Sardo A, Fontana A. UPLC⁻MS/MS Identification of Sterol Sulfates in Marine Diatoms. Mar Drugs 2018; 17:md17010010. [PMID: 30586934 PMCID: PMC6356472 DOI: 10.3390/md17010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diatoms are unicellular eukaryotic organisms that play a key ecological and biogeochemical role in oceans as major primary producers. Recently, these microalgae have also attracted interest as a promising source of functional products with widespread relevance. Progress in the knowledge of cell and molecular biology of diatoms is envisaged as a key step to understanding regulation of their life cycle in marine environments as well as facilitating their full and profitable exploitation by biotechnological platforms. Recently, we identified sterol sulfates (StS) as regulatory molecules of cell death in the diatom Skeletonema marinoi. As these compounds may have a general role in diatom physiology and chemical signals in aquatic systems, we investigated a suitable tool for their analysis in laboratory and field samples. Herein, we describe a sensitive, fast, and efficient ultra performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS) method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of StS from crude extract of diatoms and other microalgae. The method was applied to 13 different strains of our collection of marine protists. This first study suggested a species-specific distribution of StS and identified the sulfated derivatives of 24-methylene cholesterol and 24-methyl cholesterol as the most common members in diatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genoveffa Nuzzo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80078 Naples, Italy.
| | - Carmela Gallo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80078 Naples, Italy.
| | - Giuliana d'Ippolito
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80078 Naples, Italy.
| | - Emiliano Manzo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80078 Naples, Italy.
| | - Nadia Ruocco
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80078 Naples, Italy.
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | - Ennio Russo
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Ylenia Carotenuto
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Maria Costantini
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | - Valerio Zupo
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | - Angela Sardo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80078 Naples, Italy.
| | - Angelo Fontana
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80078 Naples, Italy.
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Schistosoma Egg Antigen Induces Oncogenic Alterations in Human Prostate Cells. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2018; 2018:4675380. [PMID: 30631746 PMCID: PMC6305059 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4675380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease that affects 200 million people and accounts for 100,000 deaths annually. In endemic geographical areas, schistosomiasis has been implicated as an etiological agent in the pathogenesis of bladder, colorectal, and renal carcinoma largely due to Schistosoma eggs in tissues that comes with chronic infection. Several studies have also reported cases of association between Schistosoma infection and prostate cancer. The possible causal association is however poorly understood. We hypothesized in this study that infection of the prostate cells with Schistosoma spp promotes cancer. Urine samples from individuals living in Galilea, a schistosomiasis endemic community in the Ga South District of Ghana, were collected and screened for Schistosoma infection via microscopy and multiplex PCR. Soluble egg antigens (SEA) were prepared from Schistosoma egg-positive urine samples and assessed for the ability to induce cancer-like phenotypes including excessive proliferation, oxidative stress (reduced glutathione (GSH) depletion), and diminished apoptosis in cultured human prostate (PNT2) cells. Molecular analysis revealed infecting schistosome species to be S. haematobium and S. mansoni. Prostate cell proliferation was significantly induced by 12.5 μg/ml SEA (p = 0.029). Also, SEA dose-dependently depleted cellular GSH. Flow cytometric analysis and fluorescence staining revealed that SEA dose-dependently diminished apoptosis, significantly, in prostate cells. Findings of this study suggest that schistosome infection may play a role in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. In vivo studies are however needed to confirm this association.
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de Kock N, Acharya SR, Ubhayasekera SJKA, Bergquist J. A Novel Targeted Analysis of Peripheral Steroids by Ultra-Performance Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Hyphenated to Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16993. [PMID: 30451874 PMCID: PMC6242962 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultra-performance supercritical fluid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPSFC–MS/MS) is an alternative method for steroid analysis. Continuous development of analytical methodologies for steroid profiling is of major importance in the clinical environment to provide useful and more comprehensive data. The aim of this study was to identify and quantify a large number of endogenous steroids from the four major classes (estrogens, androgens, progestogens and corticosteroids) simultaneously within a short analytical time. This novel UPSFC–MS/MS method with electrospray in positive ionisation (ESI+) mode is robust, selective and present sufficiently high sensitivity to profile nineteen steroids in 50 µL human plasma. Under optimised conditions, nineteen different steroids were separated with high efficiency in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The linearity of the method was good with correlation coefficients (R2) in the range of 0.9983–0.9999 and with calibration range from 0.05–500 ng/mL in human plasma. The intraday and interday precision of the method, as RSD, was less than 15%. The accuracy of the nineteen analytes varied between 80 to 116%. Finally, the novel method was successfully applied for the determination of nineteen steroids within 5 minutes providing the possibility to use it for research as well as routine healthcare practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil de Kock
- Department of Chemistry - Biomedical Center, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 599, Uppsala, 75124, Sweden
| | - Santosh R Acharya
- Department of Chemistry - Biomedical Center, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 599, Uppsala, 75124, Sweden
| | - S J Kumari A Ubhayasekera
- Department of Chemistry - Biomedical Center, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 599, Uppsala, 75124, Sweden.
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- Department of Chemistry - Biomedical Center, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 599, Uppsala, 75124, Sweden.
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Hernández-Mesa M, Le Bizec B, Monteau F, García-Campaña AM, Dervilly-Pinel G. Collision Cross Section (CCS) Database: An Additional Measure to Characterize Steroids. Anal Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b05117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maykel Hernández-Mesa
- Laboratoire d’Etude
des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), INRA
UMR 1329, LUNAM Université, Oniris, Nantes F-44307, France
| | - Bruno Le Bizec
- Laboratoire d’Etude
des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), INRA
UMR 1329, LUNAM Université, Oniris, Nantes F-44307, France
| | - Fabrice Monteau
- Laboratoire d’Etude
des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), INRA
UMR 1329, LUNAM Université, Oniris, Nantes F-44307, France
| | - Ana M. García-Campaña
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, Granada E-18071, Spain
| | - Gaud Dervilly-Pinel
- Laboratoire d’Etude
des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), INRA
UMR 1329, LUNAM Université, Oniris, Nantes F-44307, France
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Separation and Determination of Some of the Main Cholesterol-Related Compounds in Blood by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (Selected Ion Monitoring Mode). SEPARATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/separations5010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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A review of nanoscale LC-ESI for metabolomics and its potential to enhance the metabolome coverage. Talanta 2018; 182:380-390. [PMID: 29501168 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) platforms are widely used to perform high throughput untargeted profiling of biological samples for metabolomics-based approaches. However, these LC-ESI platforms usually favour the detection of metabolites present at relatively high concentrations because of analytical limitations such as ion suppression, thus reducing overall sensitivity. To counter this issue of sensitivity, the latest in terms of analytical platforms can be adopted to enable a greater portion of the metabolome to be analysed in a single analytical run. Here, nanoflow liquid chromatography-nanoelectrospray ionisation (nLC-nESI), which has previously been utilised successfully in proteomics, is explored for use in metabolomic and exposomic research. As a discovery based field, the markedly increased sensitivity of these nLC-nESI platforms offer the potential to uncover the roles played by low abundant signalling metabolites (e.g. steroids, eicosanoids) in health and disease studies, and would also enable an improvement in the detection of xenobiotics present at trace levels in biological matrices to better characterise the chemical exposome. This review aims to give an insight into the advantages associated with nLC-nESI for metabolomics-based approaches. Initially we detail the source of improved sensitivity prior to reviewing the available approaches to achieving nanoflow rates and nanospray ionisation for metabolomics. The robustness of nLC-nESI platforms was then assessed using the literature available from a metabolomic viewpoint. We also discuss the challenging point of sample preparation which needs to be addressed to fully enjoy the benefits of these nLC-nESI platforms. Finally, we assess metabolomic analysis utilising nano scale platforms and look ahead to the future of metabolomics using these new highly sensitive platforms.
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30
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Song Q, Zhang AH, Yan GL, Liu L, Wang XJ. Technological advances in current metabolomics and its application in tradition Chinese medicine. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02056b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last few years, many metabolomics technologies have been established in biomedical research for analyzing the changes of metabolite levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Song
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM
- Laboratory of Metabolomics
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Ai-hua Zhang
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM
- Laboratory of Metabolomics
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Guang-li Yan
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM
- Laboratory of Metabolomics
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Macau
- China
| | - Xi-jun Wang
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM
- Laboratory of Metabolomics
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
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31
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Keevil BG. LC–MS/MS analysis of steroids in the clinical laboratory. Clin Biochem 2016; 49:989-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Kische H, Gross S, Wallaschofski H, Völzke H, Dörr M, Nauck M, Haring R. Clinical correlates of sex hormones in women: The study of health in Pomerania. Metabolism 2016; 65:1286-96. [PMID: 27506736 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite associations of sex hormones in women with increased cardiometabolic risk and mortality, the clinical correlates of altered sex hormone concentrations in women are less clearly understood. We investigated a broad range of clinical correlates of sex hormones in women from a large population-based sample. METHODS Data from 2560 women from two cohorts of the Study of Health in Pomerania were used. Stepwise multivariable regression models were implemented to investigate a broad range of behavioral, socio-demographic, and cardiometabolic clinical correlates related to total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (fT), androstenedione (ASD), dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEAS), estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). RESULTS Waist circumference and BMI (β-coefficient: -0.03; 95% CI: -0.04; 0.03) were inversely related to SHBG, and BMI was positively related to TT (β-coefficient: 0.005; 95% CI: 0.001; 0.009), fT, E1, and E2. Smoking was positively related to TT (β-coefficient: 0.04; 95% CI: 0.01; 0.06), ASD, and fT. Systolic blood pressure (TT: β-coefficient: 0.002; 95% CI: 0.001; 0.003), hypertension (TT: β-coefficient: 0.05; 95% CI: 0.003; 0.11), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (TT: β-coefficient: 0.02; 95% CI: 0.01; 0.05), and total cholesterol (TT: β-coefficient: -0.03; 95% CI: 0.01; 0.05) were positively related to TT and ASD. Finally, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and metabolic syndrome (MetS) were positively related to fT, but inversely related to SHBG. CONCLUSIONS Our population-based study, with sex hormone concentrations measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, revealed associations between clinical correlates including waist circumference, smoking, cohabitation, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol, and MetS with sex hormones. Thus, sex hormones and SHBG may play a role in the cardiovascular risk profile of women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Kische
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine.
| | - Stefan Gross
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), site Greifswald; Department of Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Henry Völzke
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), site Greifswald; Institute for Community Medicine
| | - Marcus Dörr
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), site Greifswald; Department of Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), site Greifswald
| | - Robin Haring
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine; European University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Applied Public Health, Rostock, Germany
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Wang Q, Mesaros C, Blair IA. Ultra-high sensitivity analysis of estrogens for special populations in serum and plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: Assay considerations and suggested practices. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 162:70-9. [PMID: 26767303 PMCID: PMC4931956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen measurements play an important role in the clinical evaluation of many endocrine disorders as well as in research on the role of hormones in human biology and disease. It remains an analytical challenge to quantify estrogens and their metabolites in specimens from special populations including older men, children, postmenopausal women and women receiving aromatase inhibitors. Historically, immunoassays have been used for measuring estrogens and their metabolites in biological samples for risk assessment. However, the lack of specificity and accuracy of immunoassay-based methods has caused significant problems when interpreting data generated from epidemiological studies and across different laboratories. Stable isotope dilution (SID) methodology coupled with liquid chromatography-selected reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry (LC-SRM/MS) is now accepted as the 'gold-standard' to quantify estrogens and their metabolites in serum and plasma due to improved specificity, high accuracy, and the ability to monitor multiple estrogens when compared with immunoassays. Ultra-high sensitivity can be obtained with pre-ionized derivatives when using triple quadruple mass spectrometers in the selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode coupled with nanoflow LC. In this review, we have examined the special issues related to utilizing ultra-high sensitivity SID LC-SRM/MS-based methodology to accurately quantify estrogens and their metabolites in the serum and plasma from populations with low estrogen levels. The major issues that are discussed include: sample preparation for both unconjugated and conjugated estrogens, derivatization, chromatographic separation, matrix effects, and assay validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Wang
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Penn SRP Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Clementina Mesaros
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Penn SRP Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Ian A Blair
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Penn SRP Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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Percy AJ, Byrns S, Pennington SR, Holmes DT, Anderson NL, Agreste TM, Duffy MA. Clinical translation of MS-based, quantitative plasma proteomics: status, challenges, requirements, and potential. Expert Rev Proteomics 2016; 13:673-84. [DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2016.1205950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Percy
- Department of Applications Development, Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc., Tewksbury, MA, USA
| | - Simon Byrns
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Stephen R. Pennington
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Daniel T. Holmes
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - N. Leigh Anderson
- Department of Clinical Biomarkers, SISCAPA Assay Technologies, Inc., Washington, DC, USA
| | - Tasha M. Agreste
- Department of Applications Development, Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc., Tewksbury, MA, USA
| | - Maureen A. Duffy
- Department of Applications Development, Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc., Tewksbury, MA, USA
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35
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Bussy U, Li K, Li W. Application of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in quantitative bioanalyses of organic molecules in aquatic environment and organisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:9459-79. [PMID: 26996906 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6433-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Analytical methods using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the simultaneous determination of metabolites or contaminants (or both) in various tissues of aquatic organisms and in the aquatic environment have received increasing attention in the last few years. This review discusses the findings relevant to such procedures published between 2005 and 2015. The aim is to evaluate the advantages, restrictions, and performances of the procedures from sample preparation to mass spectrometry measurement. To support these discussions, a general knowledge on LC-MS/MS is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Bussy
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, 480 Wilson Road, Room 13, Natural Resources Bldg., East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, 480 Wilson Road, Room 13, Natural Resources Bldg., East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Weiming Li
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, 480 Wilson Road, Room 13, Natural Resources Bldg., East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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Guo N, Liu P, Ding J, Zheng SJ, Yuan BF, Feng YQ. Stable isotope labeling - Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry for quantitative analysis of androgenic and progestagenic steroids. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 905:106-14. [PMID: 26755144 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Steroid hormones play important roles in mammal at very low concentrations and are associated with numerous endocrinology and oncology diseases. Therefore, quantitative analysis of steroid hormones can provide crucial information for uncovering underlying mechanisms of steroid hormones related diseases. In the current study, we developed a sensitive method for the detection of steroid hormones (progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, testosterone, pregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione and 17α-hydroxypregnenolone) in body fluids by stable isotope labeling coupled with liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis. In this respect, a pair of isotopes labeling reagents, Girard reagent P (GP) and d5-Girard reagent P (d5-GP), were synthesized and utilized to label steroid hormones in follicular fluid samples and steroid hormone standards, respectively. The heavy labeled standards were used as internal standards for quantification to minimize quantitation deviation in MS analysis due to the matrix and ion suppression effects. The ionization efficiencies of steroid hormones were greatly improved by 4-504 folds through the introduction of a permanent charged moiety of quaternary ammonium from GP. Using the developed method, we successfully quantified steroid hormones in human follicular fluid. We found that the contents of testosterone and androstenedione exhibited significant increase while the content of pregnenolone had significant decrease in follicular fluid of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients compared with healthy controls, indicating that these steroid hormones with significant change may contribute to the pathogenesis of PCOS. Taken together, the developed stable isotope labeling coupled LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis demonstrated to be a promising method for the sensitive and accurate determination of steroid hormones, which may facilitate the in-depth investigation of steroid hormones related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Guo
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Jun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Shu-Jian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Bi-Feng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
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Pakharukova MY, Vavilin VA, Sripa B, Laha T, Brindley PJ, Mordvinov VA. Functional Analysis of the Unique Cytochrome P450 of the Liver Fluke Opisthorchis felineus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0004258. [PMID: 26625139 PMCID: PMC4666407 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The basic metabolic cytochrome P450 (CYP) system is essential for biotransformation of sterols and xenobiotics including drugs, for synthesis and degradation of signaling molecules in all living organisms. Most eukaryotes including free-living flatworms have numerous paralogues of the CYP gene encoding heme monooxygenases with specific substrate range. Notably, by contrast, the parasitic flatworms have only one CYP gene. The role of this enzyme in the physiology and biochemistry of helminths is not known. The flukes and tapeworms are the etiologic agents of major neglected tropical diseases of humanity. Three helminth infections (Opisthorchis viverrini, Clonorchis sinensis and Schistosoma haematobium) are considered by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as definite causes of cancer. We focused our research on the human liver fluke Opisthorchis felineus, an emerging source of biliary tract disease including bile duct cancer in Russia and central Europe. The aims of this study were (i) to determine the significance of the CYP activity for the morphology and survival of the liver fluke, (ii) to assess CYP ability to metabolize xenobiotics, and (iii) to localize the CYP activity in O. felineus tissues. We observed high constitutive expression of CYP mRNA (Real-time PCR) in O. felineus. This enzyme metabolized xenobiotics selective for mammalian CYP2E1, CYP2B, CYP3A, but not CYP1A, as determined by liquid chromatography and imaging analyses. Tissue localization studies revealed the CYP activity in excretory channels, while suppression of CYP mRNA by RNA interference was accompanied by morphological changes of the excretory system and increased mortality rates of the worms. These results suggest that the CYP function is linked to worm metabolism and detoxification. The findings also suggest that the CYP enzyme is involved in vitally important processes in the organism of parasites and is a potential drug target. The basic metabolic system CYP (cytochrome P450) is essential for biotransformation of sterols and xenobiotics, for synthesis and degradation of signaling molecules in all living organisms. Most eukaryotes including free-living flatworms evolved numerous paralogues of the CYP gene. Notably, by contrast, flukes and tapeworms–the etiologic agents of major neglected tropical diseases of humanity, have only one gene. However, the role of P450 in the physiology and biochemistry of helminths is not known. This report presents the first functional study of the CYP enzyme of any of the parasitic flatworms. We focused our research on the food-borne human liver fluke, Opisthorchis felineus, an emerging source of biliary tract diseases in Russia, Kazakhstan and central Europe. Here we report that this liver fluke has evolved a highly expressed functional monooxygenase system with broad substrate specificity. Tissue localization studies and suppression of CYP mRNA by RNA interference revealed the CYP function is linked to the excretory system and possibly to metabolism and detoxification. The fluke’s monooxygenase likely is a model for orthologues of the singular CYP of parasitic flatworms at large, where it plays a critical role in the pathogen’s metabolism that contributes to worm survival and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Y. Pakharukova
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Pathological Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - Valentin A. Vavilin
- Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drugs Metabolism, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Banchob Sripa
- Tropical Disease Research Laboratory, Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Thewarach Laha
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Paul J. Brindley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Viatcheslav A. Mordvinov
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Pathological Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drugs Metabolism, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Caron P, Turcotte V, Guillemette C. A chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous profiling of ten endogenous steroids, including progesterone, adrenal precursors, androgens and estrogens, using low serum volume. Steroids 2015; 104:16-24. [PMID: 26254607 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of a large set of sex steroids in clinical epidemiology and laboratory research with reliable methods providing low quantification limits and using a limited volume of blood sample represents a significant challenge. We report a new validated gas chromatography selected reaction monitoring - tandem mass spectrometry assay (GC-MS/MS) for the simultaneous quantification of ten endogenous steroids including progesterone (PROG), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), androstenediol (5-diol), androstenedione (4-dione), testosterone (T), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), androsterone (ADT), 5alpha-androstan-3beta-17beta-diol (3β-diol), estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2). After addition of stable isotope internal standards, the approach involved the combination of liquid-liquid extraction, derivatization and solid-phase extraction for injection into the GC system and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). The method presents high reproducibility for all analytical parameters in 250 μl serum samples. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) were of 100 pg/ml for DHEA, 50 pg/ml for PROG, 5-diol, 4-dione and ADT, 30 pg/ml for T, 10 pg/ml for 3β-diol and DHT, 5 pg/ml for E1, and 1 pg/ml for E2. The applicability of the validated method to determine the concentrations of these 10 steroids was successfully tested on serum from men (n=15), premenopausal (n=10) and postmenopausal women (n=20), and is currently used for larger cancer-related epidemiology studies. One of the most considerable advantages over existing methods is the simultaneous determination of ten steroids in a limited volume of serum that will help conserve important clinical samples from existing biobanks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Caron
- Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Véronique Turcotte
- Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Chantal Guillemette
- Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec, Canada.
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Identification of phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine as novel biomarkers for cervical cancers in a prospective cohort study. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:5485-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Brindley PJ, da Costa JMC, Sripa B. Why does infection with some helminths cause cancer? Trends Cancer 2015; 1:174-182. [PMID: 26618199 PMCID: PMC4657143 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Infections with Opisthorchis viverrini, Clonorchis sinensis and Schistosoma haematobium are classified as Group 1 biological carcinogens: definitive causes of cancer. These worms are metazoan eukaryotes, unlike the other Group 1 carcinogens including human papilloma virus, hepatitis C virus, and Helicobacter pylori. By contrast, infections with phylogenetic relatives of these helminths, also trematodes of the phylum Platyhelminthes and major human pathogens, are not carcinogenic. These inconsistencies prompt several questions, including how might these infections cause cancer? And why is infection with only a few helminth species carcinogenic? Here we present an interpretation of mechanisms contributing to the carcinogenicity of these helminth infections, including roles for catechol estrogen- and oxysterol-metabolites of parasite origin as initiators of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Brindley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - José M Correia da Costa
- Center for Parasite Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal; and Center for the Study of Animal Science, CECA/ICETA, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Banchob Sripa
- Tropical Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, and Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Zhang X, Diao R, Zhu X, Li Z, Cai Z. Metabolic characterization of asthenozoospermia using nontargeted seminal plasma metabolomics. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 450:254-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Wang H, Dai B, Liu B, Lu H. Coumarins as new matrices for matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometric analysis of hydrophobic compounds. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 882:49-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Vaikkinen A, Rejšek J, Vrkoslav V, Kauppila TJ, Cvačka J, Kostiainen R. Feasibility of desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization and desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to monitor urinary steroid metabolites during pregnancy. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 880:84-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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XIA HUI, ZHANG WEN, LI YINGJIE, YU CHANGHAI. High performance liquid chromatography: Tandem mass spectrometric determination of cisplatin levels in different visceral pleura layers of rats. Oncol Lett 2015; 9:2388-2392. [PMID: 26137076 PMCID: PMC4467358 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.2989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the concentration of cisplatin in different layers of the visceral pleura in rats, following drug administration. In this study, a sensitive and specific liquid chromatography method coupled with electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry was established to investigate the disposition of cisplatin in different layers of the visceral pleura in rats. Methodological data, including specificity, linearity, accuracy, recovery, precision and lower limits of quantification, confirmed that this novel method may be used to efficiently quantify the cisplatin concentrations in visceral pleura of rats following administration of the drug. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that the desired drug concentration was not achieved in the outer or inner elastic layers of the visceral pleura following injection with cisplatin through various administration methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- HUI XIA
- Department of Thoracic-Cardio Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - WEN ZHANG
- Department of Thoracic-Cardio Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - YINGJIE LI
- Department of Thoracic-Cardio Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - CHANGHAI YU
- Department of Thoracic-Cardio Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
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Chetwynd AJ, Abdul-Sada A, Hill EM. Solid-Phase Extraction and Nanoflow Liquid Chromatography-Nanoelectrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Improved Global Urine Metabolomics. Anal Chem 2015; 87:1158-65. [DOI: 10.1021/ac503769q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Chetwynd
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, U.K
| | - Alaa Abdul-Sada
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, U.K
| | - Elizabeth M. Hill
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, U.K
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46
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Peitzsch M, Dekkers T, Haase M, Sweep FCGJ, Quack I, Antoch G, Siegert G, Lenders JWM, Deinum J, Willenberg HS, Eisenhofer G. An LC-MS/MS method for steroid profiling during adrenal venous sampling for investigation of primary aldosteronism. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 145:75-84. [PMID: 25312486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Steroid profiling for diagnosis of endocrine disorders featuring disordered production of steroid hormones is now possible from advances in liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Adrenal venous (AV) measurements of aldosterone and cortisol are a standard practice in the clinical work-up of primary aldosteronism, but do not yet take advantage of steroid profiling. METHODS A novel LC-MS/MS based method was developed for simultaneous measurement of 15 adrenal steroids: aldosterone, corticosterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone, progesterone, pregnenolone, cortisone, cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate, 21-deoxycortisol, 18-oxocortisol and 18-hydroxycortisol. These were compared in peripheral venous (pV) and AV plasma from 70 patients undergoing AV sampling with and without cosyntropin stimulation. Aldosterone and cortisol levels measured by LC-MS/MS were compared with those measured by immunoassay. RESULTS Reproducibility of measurements with coefficients of variation ≤10% as well as analytical sensitivity sufficient to measure low pV levels particularly of aldosterone demonstrate the utility of the assay for profiling adrenal steroids in primary aldosteronism. Method comparisons indicated assay and concentration dependent differences of cortisol and aldosterone concentrations measured by immunoassay and LC-MS/MS. Median AV/pV ratios of 11-deoxycortisol (53.0), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (33.4), pregnenolone (62.4), androstenedione (40.6) and dehydroepiandrosterone (33.3) were 2.9- to, 5.4-fold larger than those for cortisol (11.6), with additionally generally larger increases than for cortisol with than without cosyntropin stimulation. CONCLUSION Our LC-MS/MS assay, in addition to improvements over existing immunoassay measurements of aldosterone and cortisol, offers profiling of 13 other adrenal steroids, providing a potentially useful method for the clinical work-up of patients with primary aldosteronism. In particular, the larger AV/pV ratios of several steroids compared to cortisol suggest more sensitive alternatives to the latter for assessing positioning of AV sampling catheters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Peitzsch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Tanja Dekkers
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6525 Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Haase
- Heinrich-Heine-University of Dusseldorf, Medical Faculty, Division for Specific Endocrinology, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Fred C G J Sweep
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo Quack
- Heinrich-Heine-University of Dusseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Nephrology, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Gerald Antoch
- Heinrich-Heine-University of Dusseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Gabriele Siegert
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jacques W M Lenders
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6525 Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jaap Deinum
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6525 Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Holger S Willenberg
- Heinrich-Heine-University of Dusseldorf, Medical Faculty, Division for Specific Endocrinology, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Graeme Eisenhofer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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Development of Simultaneous Derivative Spectrophotometric and HPLC Methods for Determination of 17-Beta-Estradiol and Drospirenone in Combined Dosage Form. INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2015; 2015:534065. [PMID: 27347530 PMCID: PMC4897360 DOI: 10.1155/2015/534065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple, rapid spectrophotometric, and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatographic methods were developed for the concurrent analysis of 17-beta-estradiol (ESR) and drospirenone (DRS). The spectrophotometric method was based on the determination of first derivative spectra and determined ESR and DRS using the zero-crossing technique at 208 and 282 nm, respectively, in methanol. The linear range was 0.5–32.0 µg·mL−1 for DRS and 0.5–8.0 µg·mL−1 for EST. The limit of detection (LOD) values were 0.14 µg·mL−1 and 0.10 µg·mL−1 and limit of quantification (LOQ) values were 0.42 µg·mL−1 and 0.29 µg·mL−1 for ESR and DRS, respectively. The chromatographic method was based on the separation of both analytes on a C18 column with a mobile phase containing acetonitrile and water (70 : 30, v/v). Detection was performed with a UV-photodiode array detector at 279 nm. The linear range was 0.08–2.5 µg·mL−1 for DRS and 0.23–7.5 µg·mL−1 for EST. LOD values were 0.05 µg·mL−1 and 0.02 µg·mL−1 and LOQ values were 0.15 µg·mL−1 and 0.05 µg·mL−1 for ESR and DRS, respectively. These recommended methods have been applied for the simultaneous determination of ESR and DRS in their tablets.
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Correia da Costa JM, Vale N, Gouveia MJ, Botelho MC, Sripa B, Santos LL, Santos JH, Rinaldi G, Brindley PJ. Schistosome and liver fluke derived catechol-estrogens and helminth associated cancers. Front Genet 2014; 5:444. [PMID: 25566326 PMCID: PMC4274992 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with helminth parasites remains a persistent public health problem in developing countries. Three of these pathogens, the liver flukes Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis viverrini and the blood fluke Schistosoma haematobium, are of particular concern due to their classification as Group 1 carcinogens: infection with these worms is carcinogenic. Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approaches, we identified steroid hormone like (e.g., oxysterol-like, catechol estrogen quinone-like, etc.) metabolites and related DNA-adducts, apparently of parasite origin, in developmental stages including eggs of S. haematobium, in urine of people with urogenital schistosomiasis, and in the adult stage of O. viverrini. Since these kinds of sterol derivatives are metabolized to active quinones that can modify DNA, which in other contexts can lead to breast and other cancers, helminth parasite associated sterols might induce tumor-like phenotypes in the target cells susceptible to helminth parasite associated cancers, i.e., urothelial cells of the bladder in the case of urogenital schistosomiasis and the bile duct epithelia or cholangiocytes, in the case of O. viverrini and C. sinensis. Indeed we postulate that helminth induced cancers originate from parasite estrogen-host epithelial/urothelial cell chromosomal DNA adducts, and here we review recent findings that support this conjecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Correia da Costa
- Center for Parasite Biology and Immunology, National Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge Porto, Portugal ; Center for the Study of Animal Science, Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologias Agrárias e Agroalimentares, University of Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Vale
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Centro de Investigação em Química, University of Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria J Gouveia
- Center for the Study of Animal Science, Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologias Agrárias e Agroalimentares, University of Porto Porto, Portugal ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Centro de Investigação em Química, University of Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Mónica C Botelho
- Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Diseases, National Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge Porto, Portugal
| | - Banchob Sripa
- Tropical Disease Research Laboratory, Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Lúcio L Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute for Oncology of Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Júlio H Santos
- Center for the Study of Animal Science, Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologias Agrárias e Agroalimentares, University of Porto Porto, Portugal ; Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute for Oncology of Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Gabriel Rinaldi
- Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University Washington, DC, USA
| | - Paul J Brindley
- Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University Washington, DC, USA
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Vale N, Gouveia MJ, Botelho M, Sripa B, Suttiprapa S, Rinaldi G, Gomes P, Brindley PJ, Correia da Costa JM. Carcinogenic liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini oxysterols detected by LC-MS/MS survey of soluble fraction parasite extract. Parasitol Int 2013; 62:535-42. [PMID: 23973383 PMCID: PMC3797210 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography in tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has emerged as an informative tool to investigate oxysterols (oxidized derivatives of cholesterol) in helminth parasite associated cancers. Here, we used LC-MS/MS to investigate in soluble extracts of the adult developmental stage of Opisthorchis viverrini from experimentally infected hamsters. Using comparisons with known bile acids and the metabolites of estrogens, the LC-MS data indicated the existence of novel oxysterol derivatives in O. viverrini. Most of these derivatives were ramified at C-17, in similar fashion to bile acids and their conjugated salts. Several were compatible with the presence of an estrogen core, and/or hydroxylation of the steroid aromatic ring A, hydroxylation of both C-2 and C-3 of the steroid ring and further oxidation into an estradiol-2,3-quinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Vale
- CIQUP, Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
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