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Bharti N, Banerjee R, Achalare A, Kasibhatla SM, Joshi R. Estimation of genetic variation in vitiligo associated genes: Population genomics perspective. BMC Genom Data 2024; 25:72. [PMID: 39060965 PMCID: PMC11282599 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-024-01254-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitiligo is an auto-immune progressive depigmentation disorder of the skin due to loss of melanocytes. Genetic risk is one of the important factors for development of vitiligo. Preponderance of vitiligo in certain ethnicities is known which can be analysed by understanding the distribution of allele frequencies across normal populations. Earlier GWAS identified 108 risk alleles for vitiligo in Europeans and East Asians. In this study, 64 of these risk alleles were used for analysing their enrichment and depletion across populations (1000 Genomes Project and IndiGen) with reference to 1000 Genomes dataset. Genetic risk scores were calculated and Fisher's exact test was performed to understand statistical significance of their variation in each population with respect to 1000 Genomes dataset as reference. In addition to SNPs reported in GWAS, significant variation in allele frequencies of 1079 vitiligo-related genes were also analysed. Two-tailed Chi-square test and Bonferroni's multiple adjustment values along with fixation index (≥ 0.5) and minimum allele frequency (≥ 0.05) were calculated and used to prioritise the variants based on pairwise comparison across populations. RESULTS Risk alleles rs1043101 and rs10768122 belong to 3 prime UTR of glutamate receptor gene SLC1A2 are found to be highly enriched in the South Asian population when compared with the 'global normal' population. Intron variant rs4766578 (ATXN2) was found to be deleted in SAS, EAS and AFR and enriched in EUR and AMR1. This risk allele is found to be under positive selection in SAS, AMR1 and EUR. From the ancillary vitiligo gene list, nonsynonymous variant rs16891982 was found to be enriched in the European and the Admixed American populations and depleted in all others. rs2279238 and rs11039155 belonging to the LXR-α gene involved in regulation of metalloproteinase 2 and 9 (melanocyte precursors) were found to be associated with vitiligo in the North Indian population (in earlier study). CONCLUSION The differential enrichment/depletion profile of the risk alleles provides insight into the underlying inter-population variations. This would provide clues towards prioritisation of SNPs associated with vitiligo thereby elucidating its preponderance in different ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Bharti
- HPC-Medical and Bioinformatics Applications Group, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Innovation Park, Pashan, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ruma Banerjee
- HPC-Medical and Bioinformatics Applications Group, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Innovation Park, Pashan, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Archana Achalare
- HPC-Medical and Bioinformatics Applications Group, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Innovation Park, Pashan, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sunitha Manjari Kasibhatla
- HPC-Medical and Bioinformatics Applications Group, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Innovation Park, Pashan, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajendra Joshi
- HPC-Medical and Bioinformatics Applications Group, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Innovation Park, Pashan, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India.
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Touni AA, Shivde RS, Echuri H, Abdel-Aziz RTA, Abdel-Wahab H, Kundu RV, Le Poole IC. Melanocyte-keratinocyte cross-talk in vitiligo. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1176781. [PMID: 37275386 PMCID: PMC10235633 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1176781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitiligo is a common acquired pigmentary disorder that presents as progressive loss of melanocytes from the skin. Epidermal melanocytes and keratinocytes are in close proximity to each other, forming a functional and structural unit where keratinocytes play a pivotal role in supporting melanocyte homeostasis and melanogenesis. This intimate relationship suggests that keratinocytes might contribute to ongoing melanocyte loss and subsequent depigmentation. In fact, keratinocyte dysfunction is a documented phenomenon in vitiligo. Keratinocyte apoptosis can deprive melanocytes from growth factors including stem cell factor (SCF) and other melanogenic stimulating factors which are essential for melanocyte function. Additionally, keratinocytes control the mobility/stability phases of melanocytes via matrix metalloproteinases and basement membrane remodeling. Hence keratinocyte dysfunction may be implicated in detachment of melanocytes from the basement membrane and subsequent loss from the epidermis, also potentially interfering with repigmentation in patients with stable disease. Furthermore, keratinocytes contribute to the autoimmune insult in vitiligo. Keratinocytes express MHC II in perilesional skin and may present melanosomal antigens in the context of MHC class II after the pigmented organelles have been transferred from melanocytes. Moreover, keratinocytes secrete cytokines and chemokines including CXCL-9, CXCL-10, and IL-15 that amplify the inflammatory circuit within vitiligo skin and recruit melanocyte-specific, skin-resident memory T cells. In summary, keratinocytes can influence vitiligo development by a combination of failing to produce survival factors, limiting melanocyte adhesion in lesional skin, presenting melanocyte antigens and enhancing the recruitment of pathogenic T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ahmed Touni
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Rohan S. Shivde
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Harika Echuri
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Hossam Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Roopal V. Kundu
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - I. Caroline Le Poole
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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Zapata-Salazar NA, Kubelis-Lopez DE, Salinas-Santander MA, Sanchez-Dominguez CN, Xolalpa-Rosales AC, Gomez-Galindo ME, Ocampo-Candiani J. Association of rs4711998 of IL-17A, rs2275913 of IL-17A and rs763780 IL-17F gene polymorphisms with non-segmental vitiligo in a Mexican population. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:447-454. [PMID: 35960353 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-022-02382-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo is the most common depigmenting disease characterized by achromic macules due to selective loss of melanocytes. The pathogenesis remains poorly elucidated, and multiple hypotheses exist regarding its pathogenesis. Evidence suggests that stress on melanocytes can result in activation of the immune system, and involvement of both activated cluster of differentiation (CD8+) cytotoxic and CD4+ T cells in the dysfunction, depigmentation, and apoptosis of melanocytes. Recent studies show that the interleukin 17 (IL-17) axis plays a central role in the pathogenesis of the disease. IL-17 is an important regulatory effector cytokine in this pathway. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of IL-17A rs4711998 (-832A/G), IL-17A rs2275913 (-197G/A), and IL-17F rs763780 (7488A/G) with vitiligo in a Northeastern Mexican population. This was a case-control study and included 116 patients with vitiligo and 116 control subjects. Genotype characterization of IL-17A rs4711998 (-832A/G), IL-17A rs2275913 (-197G/A), and IL-17F rs763780 (7488A/G) was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. It was observed that the combination of the genotypes GG/GA for IL-17F rs763780 (7488A/G) was associated with an increased risk for the development of vitiligo (OR 2.0943, 95% Cl 1.2375-3.5445, p = 0.0056). Regarding IL-17A rs4711998 (-832A/G) and IL-17A rs2275913 (-197G/A) genotyping, no association with vitiligo development was found. In conclusion, the SNP rs763780 in the IL-17F gene appears to be a risk factor for vitiligo development in this Mexican population and it may be useful in future studies, especially for the development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Aranza Zapata-Salazar
- Department of Dermatology, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez", Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Av. Madero and Gonzalitos S/N, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - David Emmanuel Kubelis-Lopez
- Department of Dermatology, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez", Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Av. Madero and Gonzalitos S/N, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | | | - Celia Nohemi Sanchez-Dominguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez", Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Ana Cecilia Xolalpa-Rosales
- Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez", Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Marely Eugenia Gomez-Galindo
- Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez", Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Jorge Ocampo-Candiani
- Department of Dermatology, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez", Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Av. Madero and Gonzalitos S/N, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
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Contributions of NR1H3 genetic polymorphisms to susceptibility and effects of narrowband UVB phototherapy to nonsegmental vitiligo. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3384. [PMID: 36854764 PMCID: PMC9974977 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30047-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitiligo is the most common depigmenting disorder to which both genetic and environmental factors contribute. The aim of the current work was to evaluate the relationship between polymorphisms of the gene nuclear receptor subfamily 1 Group H member 3 (NR1H3) and the risk of vitiligo and phototherapy effects in the Chinese Han population. Two independent samples were enrolled to form the discovery set (comprised of 1668 nonsegmental vitiligo [NSV] patients and 2542 controls) and the validation set (comprised of 745 NSV patients and 1492 controls). A total of 13 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in the samples from the discovery stage. SNPs that achieved nominal significance were validated in another independent sample set. The serum level of NR1H3 protein was assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits in the validation set. Genetic association analysis was carried out at allelic and genotypic levels. The therapeutic effects of significant SNPs were examined in the validation set. The SNP rs3758672 was significantly associated with NSV. The A allele was correlated with NSV risk and poorer therapeutic effects. The A allele was strongly correlated with the increased level of serum NR1H3 in both controls and patients. In summary, SNP rs3758672 in NR1H3 was significantly associated with both disease susceptibility and individualized therapeutic effects of NSV in study participants with Han Chinese ancestry.
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Changotra H, Kaur S, Yadav SS, Gupta GL, Parkash J, Duseja A. ATG5: A central autophagy regulator implicated in various human diseases. Cell Biochem Funct 2022; 40:650-667. [PMID: 36062813 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy, an intracellular conserved degradative process, plays a central role in the renewal/recycling of a cell to maintain the homeostasis of nutrients and energy within the cell. ATG5, a key component of autophagy, regulates the formation of the autophagosome, a hallmark of autophagy. ATG5 binds with ATG12 and ATG16L1 resulting in E3 like ligase complex, which is necessary for autophagosome expansion. Available data suggest that ATG5 is indispensable for autophagy and has an imperative role in several essential biological processes. Moreover, ATG5 has also been demonstrated to possess autophagy-independent functions that magnify its significance and therapeutic potential. ATG5 interacts with various molecules for the execution of different processes implicated during physiological and pathological conditions. Furthermore, ATG5 genetic variants are associated with various ailments. This review discusses various autophagy-dependent and autophagy-independent roles of ATG5, highlights its various deleterious genetic variants reported until now, and various studies supporting it as a potential drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harish Changotra
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Sargeet Kaur
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Suresh Singh Yadav
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Girdhari Lal Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jyoti Parkash
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Ajay Duseja
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Associations among perfluorooctanesulfonic/perfluorooctanoic acid levels, nuclear receptor gene polymorphisms, and lipid levels in pregnant women in the Hokkaido study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9994. [PMID: 33976266 PMCID: PMC8113244 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of interactions between perfluorooctanesulfonic (PFOS)/perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) levels and nuclear receptor genotypes on fatty acid (FA) levels, including those of triglycerides, is not clear understood. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to analyse the association of PFOS/PFOA levels and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in nuclear receptors with FA levels in pregnant women. We analysed 504 mothers in a birth cohort between 2002 and 2005 in Japan. Serum PFOS/PFOA and FA levels were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Maternal genotypes in PPARA (rs1800234; rs135561), PPARG (rs3856806), PPARGC1A (rs2970847; rs8192678), PPARD (rs1053049; rs2267668), CAR (rs2307424; rs2501873), LXRA (rs2279238) and LXRB (rs1405655; rs2303044; rs4802703) were analysed. When gene-environment interaction was considered, PFOS exposure (log10 scale) decreased palmitic, palmitoleic, and oleic acid levels (log10 scale), with the observed β in the range of - 0.452 to - 0.244; PPARGC1A (rs8192678) and PPARD (rs1053049; rs2267668) genotypes decreased triglyceride, palmitic, palmitoleic, and oleic acid levels, with the observed β in the range of - 0.266 to - 0.176. Interactions between PFOS exposure and SNPs were significant for palmitic acid (Pint = 0.004 to 0.017). In conclusion, the interactions between maternal PFOS levels and PPARGC1A or PPARD may modify maternal FA levels.
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Shehata WA, Maraee A, Mehesin M, Tayel N, Azmy R. Genetic polymorphism of liver X receptor gene in vitiligo: Does it have an association? J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 20:1906-1914. [PMID: 33031595 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentation of the skin and the mucous membranes, exhibited as white macules and patches due to selective loss of melanocytes. Etiological theories of vitiligo include genetic, immunological, neurohormonal, cytotoxic, biochemical, oxidative stress, and newer theories of melanocytorrhagy and diminished melanocytes survival. It has been revealed that liver X receptor alpha gene is expressed in skin tissue such as sebaceous glands, hair follicle, keratinocytes, and fibroblasts and is linked to various skin disorders as acne vulgaris and psoriasis. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the association between liver X receptor-α gene polymorphism (rs11039155 and rs2279238) and vitiligo and whether they are related to disease activity and severity or not. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 50 vitiligo patients and 20 age- and sex-matched apparently healthy controls were enrolled. All the included subjects were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis technique for (-6G/A) and (+1257C/T) SNPs. RESULTS Significant statistical difference between cases and controls regarding genotype and allele frequencies for -6G/A polymorphism with predominance of AA genotype (OR: 5.1, 95% CI: 1.6-15.9) and A allele (OR: 5.3, 95% CI: 1.6-15.9) in cases and also for +1257C/T polymorphism with predominance of TT genotype OR: 9.2 (95% CI: 1.4-82.9) and T allele OR: 3.4 (95% CI: 1.4-8.1) in vitiligo cases. No significant relationship between -6G/A genotypes nor +1257C/T genotypes and disease activity and severity. CONCLUSION The study showed significant association between Liver X receptor gene polymorphisms (-6G/A, +1257 C/T) and development of vitiligo in Egyptian patients. However, it failed to show any relation with disease activity nor severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa A Shehata
- Dermatology, Andrology and STDs Department, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Alaa Maraee
- Dermatology, Andrology and STDs Department, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Marwa Mehesin
- General Practitioner in Health Sector, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Nermin Tayel
- Lecturer of Molecular Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Molecular Diagnostics & Therapeutics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City University, Sadat, Egypt
| | - Rania Azmy
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
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McGee EE, Castro FA, Engels EA, Freedman ND, Pfeiffer RM, Nogueira L, Stolzenberg-Solomon R, McGlynn KA, Hemminki K, Koshiol J. Associations between autoimmune conditions and hepatobiliary cancer risk among elderly US adults. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:707-717. [PMID: 30155920 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that people with autoimmune conditions may be at increased risk of hepatobiliary tumors. In the present study, we evaluated associations between autoimmune conditions and hepatobiliary cancers among adults aged ≥66 in the United States. We used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare data (1992-2013) to conduct a population-based, case-control study. Cases (n = 32,443) had primary hepatobiliary cancer. Controls (n = 200,000) were randomly selected, cancer-free adults frequency-matched to cases by sex, age and year of selection. Using multivariable logistic regression, we calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations with 39 autoimmune conditions identified via Medicare claims. We also conducted separate analyses for diagnoses obtained via inpatient versus outpatient claims. Sixteen conditions were associated with at least one hepatobiliary cancer. The strongest risk estimates were for primary biliary cholangitis with hepatocellular carcinoma (OR: 31.33 [95% CI: 23.63-41.56]) and primary sclerosing cholangitis with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (7.53 [5.73-10.57]), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (5.59 [4.03-7.75]), gallbladder cancer (2.06 [1.27-3.33]) and ampulla of Vater cancer (6.29 [4.29-9.22]). Associations with hepatobiliary-related conditions as a group were observed across nearly all cancer sites (ORs ranging from 4.53 [95% CI: 3.30-6.21] for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma to 7.18 [5.94-8.67] for hepatocellular carcinoma). Restricting to autoimmune conditions diagnosed via inpatient claims, 6 conditions remained associated with at least one hepatobiliary cancer, and several risk estimates increased. In the outpatient restricted analysis, 12 conditions remained associated. Multiple autoimmune conditions are associated with hepatobiliary cancer risk in the US Medicare population, supporting a shared immuno-inflammatory etiology to these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma E McGee
- Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Felipe A Castro
- Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD.,Real World Data Science (RWD-S) Oncology, Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eric A Engels
- Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Ruth M Pfeiffer
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Leticia Nogueira
- Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD.,American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Katherine A McGlynn
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jill Koshiol
- Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
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Singh S, Gupta M, Sharma A, Seam RK, Changotra H. The Nonsynonymous Polymorphisms Val276Met and Gly393Ser of E2F1 Gene are Strongly Associated with Lung, and Head and Neck Cancers. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2018; 22:498-502. [PMID: 30036075 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The early gene factor-2 (E2F), a family of transcription factors, is involved in cell cycle regulation. Deregulated expression of most of the members of the E2F family is associated with various human cancers. In this study, we investigated the association between the E2F1 genetic variants rs3213173 (C/T) (Val276Met) and rs3213176 (G/A) (Gly393Ser) with the risk of lung cancer (LC) and head and neck cancer (HNC) in 190 patients and 230 control samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and mutagenic primer-based PCR-RFLP methods to genotype all target polymorphisms. RESULTS The rs3213173 (C/T) polymorphism was associated with LC risk in the homozygous model (odds ratio [OR] = 2.954, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.366-6.386; p = 0.004) as well as in heterozygous model (OR = 2.314; 95% CI = 1.369-3.912; p = 0.001). A significant association was also observed for the rs3213176 (G/A) polymorphism with LC risk in homozygous model, GG versus AA (OR = 2.750; 95% CI = 1.236-6.118; p = 0.01); in heterozygous model, GG versus GA (OR = 2.111; 95% CI = 1.256-3.549; p = 0.004); and in combined mutant GG versus GA+AA (OR = 2.214; 95% CI = 1.343-3.650; p = 0.001). The rs3213176 (G/A) marker was also associated with HNC risk. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that the rs3213173 (C/T) and rs3213176 (G/A) polymorphisms of the E2F1 gene are genetic risk factors for susceptibility to LC and HNC in the North Indian Population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Singh
- 1 Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology , Waknaghat, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manish Gupta
- 2 Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology (Regional Cancer Center), Indira Gandhi Medical College , Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ambika Sharma
- 1 Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology , Waknaghat, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar Seam
- 2 Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology (Regional Cancer Center), Indira Gandhi Medical College , Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Harish Changotra
- 1 Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology , Waknaghat, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Bakry OA, Shoeib MAEM, El Kady N, Attalla S. Re-appraisal of Keratinocytes' Role in Vitiligo Pathogenesis. Indian J Dermatol 2018; 63:231-240. [PMID: 29937560 PMCID: PMC5996628 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_520_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitiligo is a common pigmentary disorder. Studies on its pathogenesis extensively investigated melanocytes' abnormalities and few studies searched for keratinocytes' role in disease development. Liver X receptor-α (LXR-α) is a member of nuclear hormone receptors that acts as a transcription factor. Its target genes are the main regulators of melanocyte functions. Aim The aim of this study is to investigate keratinocytes' role in vitiligo pathogenesis through immunohistochemical expression of LXR-α in lesional, perilesional, and distant nonlesional vitiligo skin. Materials and Methods This case-control study was carried out on 44 participants. These included 24 patients with vitiligo and 20 age- and sex-matched normal individuals as a control group. Biopsies, from cases, were taken from lesional, perilesional, and distant nonlesional areas. Evaluation was done using immunohistochemical technique. Results Keratinocyte LXR-α expression was upregulated in the lesional and perilesional skin (follicular and interfollicular epidermis) compared with control skin (P <0.001 for all). There was significant association between higher histoscore (H-score) in lesional epidermis (P <0.001) and in hair follicle (P =0.001) and the presence of angiogenesis. There was significant association between higher H-score in lesional epidermis and suprabasal vacuolization (P =0.02). No significant association was found between H-score or expression percentage and clinical data of selected cases. Conclusion LXR-α upregulation is associated with keratinocyte damage in vitiligo lesional skin that leads to decreased keratinocyte-derived mediators and growth factors supporting the growth and/or melanization of surrounding melanocytes. Therefore, melanocyte function and survival are affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Ahmed Bakry
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufiya University, Shebeen El-Kom, Egypt
| | | | - Noha El Kady
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufiya University, Shebeen El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Shereen Attalla
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufiya University, Shebeen El-Kom, Egypt
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Singh S, Gupta M, Seam RK, Changotra H. E2F1 genetic variants and risk of cervical cancer in Indian women. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 33:389-394. [DOI: 10.1177/1724600818768459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Altered expression of many E2F family members have been reported in various human cancers. In this study, we investigated the role of non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs3213172 C/T, rs3213173 C/T, and rs3213176 G/A) of the gene E2F1 with cervical cancer. Methods: A total of 181 samples including 90 cervical cancer patients and 91 healthy controls were genotyped. The genotype frequencies of these polymorphisms in collected samples were determined by either PCR-RFLP or PCR-ARFLP methods. SHEsis software was used to analyze the haplotypes. Results: Statistically significant differences in the alleles and the genotypes frequencies were observed in rs3213172 (C/T) and rs3213173 (C/T) polymorphisms. The rs3213172 (C/T) polymorphism was a risk factor for cervical cancer in dominant model (odds ratio (OR) 1.96; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07, 3.60; P = 0.02) and heterozygous model (OR 1.90; 95% CI 1.01, 3.57; P = 0.04). The rs3213173 (C/T) polymorphism increased the risk of cervical cancer in the homozygous model (OR 2.71; 95% CI 1.11, 6.58; P = 0.02). The rs3213176 (G/A) polymorphism was not associated with cervical cancer risk in any of the genotypic models. In the haplotypes analysis, three haplotypes (CTG, TCG, and TTA) were associated with the cervical cancer risk. Conclusions: These findings revealed that rs3213172 (C/T) and rs3213173 (C/T) polymorphisms and haplotypes (CTG, TCG, and TTA) of the E2F1 gene might play role in the susceptibility of cervical cancer. This is the first report showing an association of these polymorphisms with the cervical cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Singh
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manish Gupta
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology (Regional Cancer Center), Indira Gandhi Medical College, Circular Road, Lakkar Bazar, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar Seam
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology (Regional Cancer Center), Indira Gandhi Medical College, Circular Road, Lakkar Bazar, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Harish Changotra
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Ouedraogo ZG, Fouache A, Trousson A, Baron S, Lobaccaro JMA. Role of the liver X receptors in skin physiology: Putative pharmacological targets in human diseases. Chem Phys Lipids 2017; 207:59-68. [PMID: 28259649 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver X receptors (LXRs) are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily that have been shown to regulate various physiological functions such as lipid metabolism and cholesterol homeostasis. Concordant reports have elicited the possibility to target them to cure many human diseases including arteriosclerosis, cancer, arthritis, and diabetes. The high relevance of modulating LXR activities to treat numerous skin diseases, mainly those with exacerbated inflammation processes, contrasts with the lack of approved therapeutic use. This review makes an assessment to sum up the findings regarding the physiological roles of LXRs in skin and help progress towards the therapeutic and safe management of their activities. It focuses on the possible pharmacological targeting of LXRs to cure or prevent selected skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zangbéwendé Guy Ouedraogo
- Université Clermont Auvergne, GReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, 28, place Henri Dunant, BP38, F63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, 58 Boulevard Montalembert, F-63009 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Allan Fouache
- Université Clermont Auvergne, GReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, 28, place Henri Dunant, BP38, F63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, 58 Boulevard Montalembert, F-63009 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Amalia Trousson
- Université Clermont Auvergne, GReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, 28, place Henri Dunant, BP38, F63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, 58 Boulevard Montalembert, F-63009 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Silvère Baron
- Université Clermont Auvergne, GReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, 28, place Henri Dunant, BP38, F63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, 58 Boulevard Montalembert, F-63009 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Jean-Marc A Lobaccaro
- Université Clermont Auvergne, GReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, 28, place Henri Dunant, BP38, F63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, 58 Boulevard Montalembert, F-63009 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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