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Cruells A, Cabrera-Rubio R, Bustamante M, Pelegrí D, Cirach M, Jimenez-Arenas P, Samarra A, Martínez-Costa C, Collado MC, Gascon M. The influence of pre- and postnatal exposure to air pollution and green spaces on infant's gut microbiota: Results from the MAMI birth cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 257:119283. [PMID: 38830395 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal and human studies indicate that exposure to air pollution and natural environments might modulate the gut microbiota, but epidemiological evidence is very scarce. OBJECTIVES To assess the potential impact of pre- and postnatal exposure to air pollution and green spaces on infant gut microbiota assembly and trajectories during the first year of life. METHODS MAMI ("MAternal MIcrobes") birth cohort (Valencia, Spain, N = 162) was used to study the impact of environmental exposure (acute and chronic) on infant gut microbiota during the first year of life (amplicon-based 16S rRNA sequencing). At 7 days and at 1, 6 and 12 months, residential pre- and postnatal exposure to air pollutants (NO2, black carbon -BC-, PM2.5 and O3) and green spaces indicators (NDVI and area of green spaces at 300, 500 and 1000 m buffers) were obtained. For the association between exposures and alpha diversity indicators linear regression models (cross-sectional analyses) and mixed models, including individual as a random effect (longitudinal analyses), were applied. For the differential taxon analysis, the ANCOM-BC package with a log count transformation and multiple-testing corrections were used. RESULTS Acute exposure in the first week of life and chronic postnatal exposure to NO2 were associated with a reduction in microbial alpha diversity, while the effects of green space exposure were not evident. Acute and chronic (prenatal or postnatal) exposure to NO2 resulted in increased abundance of Haemophilus, Akkermansia, Alistipes, Eggerthella, and Tyzerella populations, while increasing green space exposure associated with increased Negativicoccus, Senegalimassilia and Anaerococcus and decreased Tyzzerella and Lachnoclostridium populations. DISCUSSION We observed a decrease in the diversity of the gut microbiota and signs of alteration in its composition among infants exposed to higher levels of NO2. Increasing green space exposure was also associated with changes in gut microbial composition. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrià Cruells
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Raúl Cabrera-Rubio
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology-National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Dolors Pelegrí
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Marta Cirach
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Pol Jimenez-Arenas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Anna Samarra
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology-National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Cecilia Martínez-Costa
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Valencia, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Carmen Collado
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology-National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Mireia Gascon
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
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Ramsteijn AS, Louis P. Dietary fibre optimisation in support of global health. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14542. [PMID: 39096198 PMCID: PMC11297433 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota influences its host via multiple molecular pathways, including immune system interactions, the provision of nutrients and regulation of host physiology. Dietary fibre plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy microbiota as its primary nutrient and energy source. Industrialisation has led to a massive decrease of habitual fibre intake in recent times, and fibre intakes across the world are below the national recommendations. This goes hand in hand with other factors in industrialised societies that may negatively affect the gut microbiota, such as medication and increased hygiene. Non-communicable diseases are on the rise in urbanised societies and the optimisation of dietary fibre intake can help to improve global health and prevent disease. Early life interventions shape the developing microbiota to counteract malnutrition, both in the context of industrialised nations with an overabundance of cheap, highly processed foods, as well as in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Adequate fibre intake should, however, be maintained across the life course to promote health. Here we will discuss the current state of dietary fibre research in the global context and consider different intervention approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petra Louis
- Rowett Institute, University of AberdeenAberdeenUK
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Cherayil BJ, Jain N. From Womb to World: Exploring the Immunological Connections between Mother and Child. Immunohorizons 2024; 8:552-562. [PMID: 39172025 PMCID: PMC11374749 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2400032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mother and child are immunologically interconnected by mechanisms that we are only beginning to understand. During pregnancy, multiple molecular and cellular factors of maternal origin are transferred across the placenta and influence the development and function of the fetal and newborn immune system. Altered maternal immune states arising from pregnancy-associated infections or immunizations have the potential to program offspring immune function in ways that may have long-term health consequences. In this study, we review current literature on the impact of prenatal infection and vaccination on the developing immune system, highlight knowledge gaps, and look to the horizon to envision maternal interventions that could benefit both the mother and her child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobby J Cherayil
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Mass General for Children, Charlestown, MA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nitya Jain
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Mass General for Children, Charlestown, MA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Mass General Brigham, Boston, MA
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4
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Sivakumar S, Lama D, Rabhi N. Childhood obesity from the genes to the epigenome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1393250. [PMID: 39045266 PMCID: PMC11263020 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1393250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and its associated comorbidities has surged dramatically in recent decades. Especially concerning is the increased rate of childhood obesity, resulting in diseases traditionally associated only with adulthood. While obesity fundamentally arises from energy imbalance, emerging evidence over the past decade has revealed the involvement of additional factors. Epidemiological and murine studies have provided extensive evidence linking parental obesity to increased offspring weight and subsequent cardiometabolic complications in adulthood. Offspring exposed to an obese environment during conception, pregnancy, and/or lactation often exhibit increased body weight and long-term metabolic health issues, suggesting a transgenerational inheritance of disease susceptibility through epigenetic mechanisms rather than solely classic genetic mutations. In this review, we explore the current understanding of the mechanisms mediating transgenerational and intergenerational transmission of obesity. We delve into recent findings regarding both paternal and maternal obesity, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms and potential sex differences in offspring outcomes. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind obesity inheritance holds promise for enhancing clinical management strategies in offspring and breaking the cycle of increased metabolic risk across generations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nabil Rabhi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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5
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Raulo A, Bürkner PC, Finerty GE, Dale J, Hanski E, English HM, Lamberth C, Firth JA, Coulson T, Knowles SCL. Social and environmental transmission spread different sets of gut microbes in wild mice. Nat Ecol Evol 2024; 8:972-985. [PMID: 38689017 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-024-02381-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbes shape many aspects of organismal biology, yet how these key bacteria transmit among hosts in natural populations remains poorly understood. Recent work in mammals has emphasized either transmission through social contacts or indirect transmission through environmental contact, but the relative importance of different routes has not been directly assessed. Here we used a novel radio-frequency identification-based tracking system to collect long-term high-resolution data on social relationships, space use and microhabitat in a wild population of mice (Apodemus sylvaticus), while regularly characterizing their gut microbiota with 16S ribosomal RNA profiling. Through probabilistic modelling of the resulting data, we identify positive and statistically distinct signals of social and environmental transmission, captured by social networks and overlap in home ranges, respectively. Strikingly, microorganisms with distinct biological attributes drove these different transmission signals. While the social network effect on microbiota was driven by anaerobic bacteria, the effect of shared space was most influenced by aerotolerant spore-forming bacteria. These findings support the prediction that social contact is important for the transfer of microorganisms with low oxygen tolerance, while those that can tolerate oxygen or form spores may be able to transmit indirectly through the environment. Overall, these results suggest social and environmental transmission routes can spread biologically distinct members of the mammalian gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aura Raulo
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Department of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | | | - Genevieve E Finerty
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour, Constance, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany
| | - Jarrah Dale
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Holly M English
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Curt Lamberth
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Josh A Firth
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Tim Coulson
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Tarracchini C, Milani C, Lugli GA, Mancabelli L, Turroni F, van Sinderen D, Ventura M. The infant gut microbiota as the cornerstone for future gastrointestinal health. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2024; 126:93-119. [PMID: 38637108 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The early postnatal period represents a critical window of time for the establishment and maturation of the human gut microbiota. The gut microbiota undergoes dramatic developmental changes during the first year of life, being influenced by a variety of external factors, with diet being a major player. Indeed, the introduction of complementary feeding provides novel nutritive substrates and triggers a shift from milk-adapted gut microbiota toward an adult-like bacterial composition, which is characterized by an enhancement in diversity and proportions of fiber-degrading bacterial genera like Ruminococcus, Prevotella, Eubacterium, and Bacteroides genera. Inadequate gut microbiota development in early life is frequently associated with concomitant and future adverse health conditions. Thus, understanding the processes that govern initial colonization and establishment of microbes in the gastrointestinal tract is of great importance. This review summarizes the actual understanding of the assembly and development of the microbial community associated with the infant gut, emphasizing the importance of mother-to-infant vertical transmission events as a fundamental arrival route for the first colonizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Tarracchini
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Christian Milani
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre "Microbiome Research Hub", University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Gabriele Andrea Lugli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre "Microbiome Research Hub", University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Leonardo Mancabelli
- Interdepartmental Research Centre "Microbiome Research Hub", University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Turroni
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre "Microbiome Research Hub", University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, Bioscience Institute, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre "Microbiome Research Hub", University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
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Caprara GL, von Ameln Lovison O, Martins AF, Bernardi JR, Goldani MZ. Gut microbiota transfer evidence from mother to newborn. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:749-757. [PMID: 37987847 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Early life microbiota is a risk factor for future diseases. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the transfer of gut microbiota from mother to newborn. A biological sample was collected from the anal mucosa of the pregnant women before delivery and from the newborns between 24 and 48 h after delivery, as it was not possible to collect a meconium sample at that time. The microbiome of the samples was analyzed by sequencing the hypervariable regions V3-V4 of the 16S gene. To determine the likelihood of microbiota transfer from mother to newborn and examine the relationship with the mode of delivery, we utilized Fisher's exact test and odds ratio. A weighted transfer ratio was employed as a comprehensive measure of transfer. A total of 5767 ASVs were identified in newborn samples (n = 30) and 7253 in maternal samples (n = 30). In the analysis of transfer correlated with the mode of delivery, we observed significant ASVs (p < 0.05). Vaginal delivery showed a positive probability of transfer (OR = 2.184 and WTR = 1.852). We found a negative correlation (OR < 1) between the abundance of maternal ASVs and the likelihood of microbiota transfer to the newborn in both delivery modes. The relationship was inversely proportional for both cesarean section (log10 = - 0.2229) and vaginal delivery (log10 = - 0.1083), with statistical significance observed only for cesarean section (p = 0.0083). Conclusion: In our sample, the maternal gut microbiome was found to be associated with the infant gut microbiome, indicating evidence of ASV-specific transfer from the maternal microbiome to newborns. What is Known: • There is a relationship of early-life microbiota composition with future health outcomes. What is New: • This was the first study to evaluate maternal gut microbiota transfer to newborns in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Luiza Caprara
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Otávio von Ameln Lovison
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Resistência Bacteriana (LABRESIS), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Núcleo de Bioinformática (Bioinformatics Core), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Andreza Francisco Martins
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Resistência Bacteriana (LABRESIS), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Núcleo de Bioinformática (Bioinformatics Core), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Rombaldi Bernardi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Zubaran Goldani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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8
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Eckermann HA, Meijer J, Cooijmans K, Lahti L, de Weerth C. Daily skin-to-skin contact alters microbiota development in healthy full-term infants. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2295403. [PMID: 38197254 PMCID: PMC10793693 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2295403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is vital for human body development and function. Its development in early life is influenced by various environmental factors. In this randomized controlled trial, the gut microbiota was obtained as a secondary outcome measure in a study on the effects of one hour of daily skin-to-skin contact (SSC) for five weeks in healthy full-term infants. Specifically, we studied the effects on alpha/beta diversity, volatility, microbiota maturation, and bacterial and gut-brain-axis-related functional abundances in microbiota assessed thrice in the first year. Pregnant Dutch women (n = 116) were randomly assigned to the SSC or care-as-usual groups. The SSC group participants engaged in one hour of daily SSC from birth to five weeks of age. Stool samples were collected at two, five, and 52 weeks and the V4 region was sequenced. We observed significant differences in the microbiota composition, bacterial abundances, and predicted functional pathways between the groups. The SSC group exhibited lower microbiota volatility during early infancy. Microbiota maturation was slower in the SSC group during the first year and our results suggested that breastfeeding duration may have partially mediated this relation. Our findings provide evidence that postpartum SSC may influence microbiota development. Replication is necessary to validate and generalize these results. Future studies should include direct stress measurements and extend microbiota sampling beyond the first year to investigate stress as a mechanism and research SSC's impact on long-term microbiota maturation trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Andreas Eckermann
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Meijer
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kelly Cooijmans
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Leo Lahti
- Department of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Carolina de Weerth
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Browne HP, Iqbal NT, Osman M, Tigoi C, Lawley TD, Gordon JI, Ahmed T, Kariuki S. Boosting microbiome science worldwide could save millions of children's lives. Nature 2024; 625:237-240. [PMID: 38191714 PMCID: PMC10810019 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Studies of the microbes living on and in our bodies are conducted mainly in a few rich countries, squandering opportunities to improve the health of people globally.
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Zur Tulod J, Witman ND, Grond K, Duddleston KN, Kurtz CC. Treatment with gut-specific nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug attenuates metabolic inflammation but not body mass in fattening ground squirrels. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2023; 325:R456-R464. [PMID: 37602382 PMCID: PMC11178295 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00078.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The active season of hibernators corresponds to rapid adiposity in preparation for the next hibernation season. We have previously shown that this dramatic increase in adipose mass is associated with metabolic inflammation similar to what is seen in obesity and metabolic disease. We next sought to determine whether curbing this inflammation at its source (i.e., the gut) would attenuate weight gain in fattening 13-lined ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus). We fed active yearling ground squirrels a diet containing the gut-specific nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid) for 10 wk. Mesalazine treatment had slight effects on microbial community diversity in the cecum and colon. Not surprisingly, mesalazine treatment decreased inflammatory cytokine levels in the ileum and colon. Mesalazine also decreased proinflammatory and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines in omental white adipose tissue (oWAT). Despite this, body mass was unaffected, and caloric intake increased in mesalazine-treated squirrels, mainly in males. Mass of the primary WAT depot, intra-abdominal WAT (iaWAT), or the highly metabolic oWAT were unaltered by treatment, as was adiposity index. Together, these results suggest that mesalazine treatment has some effects on adiposity in fattening ground squirrels, but this treatment needs to be modified to overcome the strong drive to fatten in this species.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Adiposity and obesity are caused, at least in part, by inflammation of metabolic tissues. Hibernators, like ground squirrels, undergo this same metabolic inflammation during their summer fattening period. We attempted to curb this inflammation, and thus fattening, using mesalazine. We found that mesalazine did curb the inflammation but did not affect fattening, likely due to the strong drive to fatten in hibernators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jewel Zur Tulod
- Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, Oshkosh, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Nathan D Witman
- Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, Oshkosh, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Kirsten Grond
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, Alaska, United States
| | - Khrystyne N Duddleston
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, Alaska, United States
| | - Courtney C Kurtz
- Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, Oshkosh, Wisconsin, United States
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11
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Sahin S, Buyuktiryaki M, Okur N, Akcan AB, Deveci MF, Yurttutan S, Gunes S, Anik A, Ozdemir R, Uygur O, Oncel MY. Effect of partially hydrolyzed synbiotic formula milk on weight gain of late preterm and term infants-a multicenter study. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1270442. [PMID: 37928348 PMCID: PMC10623126 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1270442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Data on the effectiveness of hydrolyzed infant formula containing both pre- and probiotics (synbiotic formula) on the growth of infants is still scarce. This retrospective study was designed to evaluate the effect of a partially hydrolyzed synbiotic formula on growth parameters and the possible occurrence of major gastrointestinal adverse events or morbidities in infants born via cesarean section (C-section) delivery. Methods C-section-delivered term and late preterm infants who received either partially hydrolyzed synbiotic formula, standard formula, or maternal milk and followed at seven different hospitals from five different regions of Turkey, during a 1-year period with a minimum follow-up duration of 3 months were evaluated retrospectively. All the included infants were evaluated for their growth patterns and any kind of morbidity such as diarrhea, constipation, vomiting, infection, or history of hospitalization. Results A total of 198 infants (73 in the human milk group, 61 in the standard formula group, and 64 in the partially hydrolyzed synbiotic formula group) reached the final analysis. The groups were similar regarding their demographic and perinatal characteristics. No difference was observed between the three groups regarding gastrointestinal major side effects. Growth velocities of the infants in the human milk and partially hydrolyzed synbiotic formula groups during the first month of life were similar whereas the weight gain of infants in the standard formula group was significantly less than these two groups (p < 0.001). Growth velocities were similar among the three groups between 1st and 3rd months of age. Discussion A partially hydrolyzed synbiotic formula provided better weight gain in late-preterm and term infants who were delivered via C-section delivery compared to the standard formula during the first month of life. This weight gain was similar to the infants receiving exclusively human milk. This difference was not observed in length and head circumference gain. No difference was observed in any of the parameters during the 1st-3rd months of age. Specially formulated partially hydrolyzed synbiotic formulas may reverse at least some of the negative impacts of C-section delivery on the infant and help to provide better growth, especially during the early periods of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Sahin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Izmir Democracy University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Buyuktiryaki
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Nilufer Okur
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakir, Türkiye
| | - Abdullah Baris Akcan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Fatih Deveci
- Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Sadik Yurttutan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Türkiye
| | - Sezgin Gunes
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Buca Seyfi Demirsoy Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Ayse Anik
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Türkiye
| | - Ramazan Ozdemir
- Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Ozgun Uygur
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir Health Sciences University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Yekta Oncel
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Türkiye
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12
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Park H, Park NY, Koh A. Scarring the early-life microbiome: its potential life-long effects on human health and diseases. BMB Rep 2023; 56:469-481. [PMID: 37605613 PMCID: PMC10547969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is widely recognized as a dynamic organ with a profound influence on human physiology and pathology. Extensive epidemiological and longitudinal cohort studies have provided compelling evidence that disruptions in the early-life microbiome can have long-lasting health implications. Various factors before, during, and after birth contribute to shaping the composition and function of the neonatal and infant microbiome. While these alterations can be partially restored over time, metabolic phenotypes may persist, necessitating research to identify the critical period for early intervention to achieve phenotypic recovery beyond microbiome composition. In this review, we provide current understanding of changes in the gut microbiota throughout life and the various factors affecting these changes. Specifically, we highlight the profound impact of early-life gut microbiota disruption on the development of diseases later in life and discuss perspectives on efforts to recover from such disruptions. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(9): 469-481].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunji Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Na-Young Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Ara Koh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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13
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Yelverton CA, Killeen SL, Feehily C, Moore RL, Callaghan SL, Geraghty AA, Byrne DF, Walsh CJ, Lawton EM, Murphy EF, Van Sinderen D, Cotter PD, McAuliffe FM. Maternal breastfeeding is associated with offspring microbiome diversity; a secondary analysis of the MicrobeMom randomized control trial. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1154114. [PMID: 37720155 PMCID: PMC10502216 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1154114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Microbial dysbiosis in infancy can influence long-term health outcomes such as childhood obesity. The aim of this study is to explore relationships among maternal well-being during pregnancy, breastfeeding, and the infant gut microbiome. Methods This is a secondary analysis of healthy pregnant women from the MicrobeMom study, a double-blind randomized control trial of maternal probiotic supplementation (Bifidobacterium breve 702258) versus placebo antenatally and up to 3 months postpartum. Maternal well-being was assessed using the WHO-5 well-being index at 16 weeks' and 34 weeks' gestation. Breastfeeding practices were recorded at discharge from hospital and at 1 month postpartum. Infant stool samples were obtained at 1 month of age. Next generation shotgun sequencing determined infant microbial diversity. Independent sample t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests informed adjusted regression analysis, which was adjusted for delivery mode, antibiotics during delivery, maternal age and body mass index (BMI), and probiotic vs. control study group. Results Women (n = 118) with at least one measure of well-being were on average 33 years (SD 3.93) of age and 25.09 kg/m2 (SD 3.28) BMI. Exclusive breastfeeding was initiated by 65% (n = 74). Any breastfeeding was continued by 69% (n = 81) after 1 month. In early and late pregnancy, 87% (n = 97/111) and 94% (n = 107/114) had high well-being scores. Well-being was not associated with infant microbial diversity at 1 month. In adjusted analysis, exclusive breastfeeding at discharge from hospital was associated with infant microbial beta diversity (PC2; 0.254, 95% CI 0.006, 0.038). At 1 month postpartum, any breastfeeding was associated with infant microbial alpha diversity (Shannon index; -0.241, 95% CI -0.498, -0.060) and observed species; (-0.325, 95% CI -0.307, -0.060), and infant microbial beta diversity (PC2; 0.319, 95% CI 0.013, 0.045). Exclusive breastfeeding at 1 month postpartum was associated with infant alpha diversity (Shannon index -0.364, 95% CI -0.573, -0.194; Simpson index 0.339, 95% CI 0.027, 0.091), and infant's number of observed microbial species (-0.271, 95% CI -0.172, -0.037). Conclusion Breastfeeding practices at 1 month postpartum were associated with lower microbial diversity and observed species in infants at 1 month postpartum, which is potentially beneficial to allow greater abundance of Bifidobacterium. Clinical trial registration ISRCTN53023014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara A. Yelverton
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sarah Louise Killeen
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Conor Feehily
- APC Microbiome Ireland, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland
| | - Rebecca L. Moore
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shauna L. Callaghan
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aisling A. Geraghty
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David F. Byrne
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Calum J. Walsh
- APC Microbiome Ireland, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland
| | - Elaine M. Lawton
- APC Microbiome Ireland, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Douwe Van Sinderen
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul D. Cotter
- APC Microbiome Ireland, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland
| | - Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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14
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Kononova S, Kashparov M, Xue W, Bobkova N, Leonov S, Zagorodny N. Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis as a Potential Risk Factor for Idiopathic Toe-Walking in Children: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13204. [PMID: 37686011 PMCID: PMC10488280 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic toe walking (ITW) occurs in about 5% of children. Orthopedic treatment of ITW is complicated by the lack of a known etiology. Only half of the conservative and surgical methods of treatment give a stable positive result of normalizing gait. Available data indicate that the disease is heterogeneous and multifactorial. Recently, some children with ITW have been found to have genetic variants of mutations that can lead to the development of toe walking. At the same time, some children show sensorimotor impairment, but these studies are very limited. Sensorimotor dysfunction could potentially arise from an imbalanced production of neurotransmitters that play a crucial role in motor control. Using the data obtained in the studies of several pathologies manifested by the association of sensory-motor dysfunction and intestinal dysbiosis, we attempt to substantiate the notion that malfunction of neurotransmitter production is caused by the imbalance of gut microbiota metabolites as a result of dysbiosis. This review delves into the exciting possibility of a connection between variations in the microbiome and ITW. The purpose of this review is to establish a strong theoretical foundation and highlight the benefits of further exploring the possible connection between alterations in the microbiome and TW for further studies of ITW etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Kononova
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Mikhail Kashparov
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (N.Z.)
- Scientific and Practical Center for Child Psychoneurology, 119602 Moscow, Russia
| | - Wenyu Xue
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (W.X.); (S.L.)
| | - Natalia Bobkova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
| | - Sergey Leonov
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (W.X.); (S.L.)
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
| | - Nikolaj Zagorodny
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (N.Z.)
- N.N. Priorov Central Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, 127299 Moscow, Russia
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15
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Zhu L. Editorial: Animal social behaviour and gut microbiome. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1210717. [PMID: 37614609 PMCID: PMC10443586 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1210717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Zhu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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16
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Mancabelli L, Milani C, Fontana F, Liotto N, Tabasso C, Perrone M, Lugli GA, Tarracchini C, Alessandri G, Viappiani A, Bernasconi S, Roggero P, Mosca F, Turroni F, Ventura M. A pilot study to disentangle the infant gut microbiota composition and identification of bacteria correlates with high fat mass. MICROBIOME RESEARCH REPORTS 2023; 2:23. [PMID: 38046821 PMCID: PMC10688801 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2023.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: At birth, the human intestine is colonized by a complex community of microorganisms known as gut microbiota. These complex microbial communities that inhabit the gut microbiota are thought to play a key role in maintaining host physiological homeostasis. For this reason, correct colonization of the gastrointestinal tract in the early stages of life could be fundamental for human health. Furthermore, alterations of the infant microbiota are correlated with the development of human inflammatory diseases and disorders. In this context, the possible relationships between intestinal microbiota and body composition during infancy are of great interest. Methods: In this study, we have performed a pilot study based on 16S rRNA gene profiling and metagenomic approaches on repeatedly measured data on time involving a cohort of 41 Italian newborns, which is aimed to investigate the possible correlation between body fat mass percentage (FM%) and the infant gut microbiota composition. Results and conclusion: The taxonomical analysis of the stool microbiota of each infant included in the cohort allowed the identification of a specific correlation between intestinal bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium and Veillonella, and the increase in FM%. Moreover, the analysis of the infant microbiome's metabolic capabilities suggested that the intestinal microbiome functionally impacts the human host and its possible influence on host physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Mancabelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma 43125, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Christian Milani
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Federico Fontana
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Nadia Liotto
- NICU, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Chiara Tabasso
- NICU, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Michela Perrone
- NICU, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Gabriele Andrea Lugli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Chiara Tarracchini
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Giulia Alessandri
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | | | - Sergio Bernasconi
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Paola Roggero
- NICU, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Fabio Mosca
- NICU, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Francesca Turroni
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Marco Ventura
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
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17
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Muñoz-Provencio D, Yebra MJ. Gut Microbial Sialidases and Their Role in the Metabolism of Human Milk Sialylated Glycans. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9994. [PMID: 37373145 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sialic acids (SAs) are α-keto-acid sugars with a nine-carbon backbone present at the non-reducing end of human milk oligosaccharides and the glycan moiety of glycoconjugates. SAs displayed on cell surfaces participate in the regulation of many physiologically important cellular and molecular processes, including signaling and adhesion. Additionally, sialyl-oligosaccharides from human milk act as prebiotics in the colon by promoting the settling and proliferation of specific bacteria with SA metabolism capabilities. Sialidases are glycosyl hydrolases that release α-2,3-, α-2,6- and α-2,8-glycosidic linkages of terminal SA residues from oligosaccharides, glycoproteins and glycolipids. The research on sialidases has been traditionally focused on pathogenic microorganisms, where these enzymes are considered virulence factors. There is now a growing interest in sialidases from commensal and probiotic bacteria and their potential transglycosylation activity for the production of functional mimics of human milk oligosaccharides to complement infant formulas. This review provides an overview of exo-alpha-sialidases of bacteria present in the human gastrointestinal tract and some insights into their biological role and biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Muñoz-Provencio
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Av. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - María J Yebra
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Av. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain
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18
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Ternák G, Márovics G, Sümegi K, Bánfai Z, Büki G, Magyari L, Szabó A, Melegh B. Down-Syndrome-Related Maternal Dysbiosis Might Be Triggered by Certain Classes of Antibiotics: A New Insight into the Possible Pathomechanisms. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1029. [PMID: 37370348 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12061029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is a leading human genomic abnormality resulting from the trisomy of chromosome 21. The genomic base of the aneuploidy behind this disease is complex, and this complexity poses formidable challenges to understanding the underlying molecular basis. In the spectrum of the classic DS risk factor associations, the role of nutrients, vitamins, and, in general, the foodborne-associated background, as part of the events ultimately leading to chromosome nondisjunction, has long been recognized as a well-established clinical association. The integrity of the microbiome is a basic condition in these events, and the dysbiosis may be associated with secondary health outcomes. The possible association of DS development with maternal gut microbiota should therefore require more attention. We have hypothesized that different classes of antibiotics might promote or inhibit the proliferation of different microbial taxa; and hence, we might find associations between the use of the different classes of antibiotics and the prevalence of DS through the modification of the microbiome. As antibiotics are considered major disruptors of the microbiome, it could be hypothesized that the consumption/exposure of certain classes of antibiotics might be associated with the prevalence of DS in European countries (N = 30). By utilizing three different statistical methods, comparisons have been made between the average yearly antibiotic consumption (1997-2020) and the estimated prevalence of people living with DS for the year 2019 as a percentage of the population in European countries. We have found strong statistical correlations between the consumption of tetracycline (J01A) and the narrow-spectrum, beta-lactamase-resistant penicillin (J01CF) and the prevalence of DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Ternák
- Institute of Migration Health, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gergely Márovics
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Katalin Sümegi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Bánfai
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gergely Büki
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Lili Magyari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - András Szabó
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Béla Melegh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
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19
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Homer B, Judd J, Mohammadi Dehcheshmeh M, Ebrahimie E, Trott DJ. Gut Microbiota and Behavioural Issues in Production, Performance, and Companion Animals: A Systematic Review. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091458. [PMID: 37174495 PMCID: PMC10177538 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The literature has identified poor nutrition as the leading factor in the manifestation of many behavioural issues in animals, including aggression, hyperalertness, and stereotypies. Literature focused on all species of interest consistently reported that although there were no significant differences in the richness of specific bacterial taxa in the microbiota of individual subjects with abnormal behaviour (termed alpha diversity), there was variability in species diversity between these subjects compared to controls (termed beta diversity). As seen in humans with mental disorders, animals exhibiting abnormal behaviour often have an enrichment of pro-inflammatory and lactic acid-producing bacteria and a reduction in butyrate-producing bacteria. It is evident from the literature that an association exists between gut microbiota diversity (and by extension, the concurrent production of microbial metabolites) and abnormal behavioural phenotypes across various species, including pigs, dogs, and horses. Similar microbiota population changes are also evident in human mental health patients. However, there are insufficient data to identify this association as a cause or effect. This review provides testable hypotheses for future research to establish causal relationships between gut microbiota and behavioural issues in animals, offering promising potential for the development of novel therapeutic and/or preventative interventions aimed at restoring a healthy gut-brain-immune axis to mitigate behavioural issues and, in turn, improve health, performance, and production in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie Homer
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5371, Australia
| | - Jackson Judd
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5371, Australia
| | | | - Esmaeil Ebrahimie
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5371, Australia
- Genomics Research Platform, School of Life Sciences, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Darren J Trott
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5371, Australia
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Mady EA, Doghish AS, El-Dakroury WA, Elkhawaga SY, Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Elsakka EGE, El-Husseiny HM. Impact of the mother's gut microbiota on infant microbiome and brain development. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 150:105195. [PMID: 37100161 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
The link between the gut microbiome and health has recently garnered considerable interest in its employment for medicinal purposes. Since the early microbiota exhibits more flexibility compared to that of adults, there is a considerable possibility that altering it will have significant consequences on human development. Like genetics, the human microbiota can be passed from mother to child. This provides information on early microbiota acquisition, future development, and prospective chances for intervention. The succession and acquisition of early-life microbiota, modifications of the maternal microbiota during pregnancy, delivery, and infancy, and new efforts to understand maternal-infant microbiota transmission are discussed in this article. We also examine the shaping of mother-to-infant microbial transmission, and we then explore possible paths for future research to advance our knowledge in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Mady
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai Cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Department of Animal Hygiene, Behavior and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya,13736, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and industrial pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Samy Y Elkhawaga
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Elsayed G E Elsakka
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hussein M El-Husseiny
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai Cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
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21
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Njunge JM, Walson JL. Microbiota and growth among infants and children in low-income and middle-income settings. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2023; 26:245-252. [PMID: 36930056 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Adequate nutrition is essential but insufficient for optimal childhood growth and development. Increasingly, it is clear that the gut microbiota modulates childhood growth and may be particularly important in low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC), where growth faltering, undernutrition, environmental contamination and enteric pathogens are more common. We summarize recent evidence demonstrating the role of the gut microbiota in impacting childhood growth and interventions targeting the gut microbiota to impact growth in children in LMIC settings. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies show that maturation of the infant microbiota is linked with the development of the immune system, which is key to host-microbe symbiosis. Infants lacking Bifidobacterium longum subsp. Infantis, which predominates breastfed microbiome, display immune activation while supplementation is linked to increased immune tolerance and among undernourished children, promotes growth. Microbiome-directed complimentary foods (MDCF) containing local ingredients is a novel strategy to promote gut microbiota development, especially among undernourished children and improve growth. Dietary patterns during pregnancy may drive selection of gut microbial species that impact infant health and growth. SUMMARY Growth patterns among children in LMIC settings are closely associated with the diversity and maturity of the infant microbiome. Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics targeting microbiota dysbiosis may impact birth outcomes, infant immune development and infections, and childhood growth in LMIC settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Njunge
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Judd L Walson
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Global Health
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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22
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Hall LJ, Schirmer M. Editorial overview: current state and future of the microbiome field: why context matters. Curr Opin Microbiol 2022; 70:102200. [PMID: 36081215 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2022.102200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay J Hall
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park; Norwich NR4 7UQ; UK; Intestinal Microbiome, School of Life Sciences, ZIEL-Institute for Food & Health; Technical University of Munich, Freising, Bavaria 85354, Germany; Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Melanie Schirmer
- Emmy Noether Group for Computational Microbiome Research, ZIEL-Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Bavaria, Germany.
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23
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Moeller AH. Loyal gut microbes. Science 2022; 377:1263-1264. [PMID: 36108001 DOI: 10.1126/science.ade2879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial strains in the gut microbiota diversified as humans spread across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H Moeller
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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El-Sahhar S, Varga-Weisz P. The gut microbiome in health and disease: Inflammatory bowel diseases. ADV ECOL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aecr.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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