1
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Lamont RJ, Hajishengallis G, Koo H. Social networking at the microbiome-host interface. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0012423. [PMID: 37594277 PMCID: PMC10501221 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00124-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial species colonizing host ecosystems in health or disease rarely do so alone. Organisms conglomerate into dynamic heterotypic communities or biofilms in which interspecies and interkingdom interactions drive functional specialization of constituent species and shape community properties, including nososymbiocity or pathogenic potential. Cell-to-cell binding, exchange of signaling molecules, and nutritional codependencies can all contribute to the emergent properties of these communities. Spatial constraints defined by community architecture also determine overall community function. Multilayered interactions thus occur between individual pairs of organisms, and the relative impact can be determined by contextual cues. Host responses to heterotypic communities and impact on host surfaces are also driven by the collective action of the community. Additionally, the range of interspecies interactions can be extended by bacteria utilizing host cells or host diet to indirectly or directly influence the properties of other organisms and the community microenvironment. In contexts where communities transition to a dysbiotic state, their quasi-organismal nature imparts adaptability to nutritional availability and facilitates resistance to immune effectors and, moreover, exploits inflammatory and acidic microenvironments for their persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Lamont
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hyun Koo
- Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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2
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Shi T, Wang J, Dong J, Hu P, Guo Q. Periodontopathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum and Their Roles in the Progression of Respiratory Diseases. Pathogens 2023; 12:1110. [PMID: 37764918 PMCID: PMC10535846 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12091110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The intricate interplay between oral microbiota and the human host extends beyond the confines of the oral cavity, profoundly impacting the general health status. Both periodontal diseases and respiratory diseases show high prevalence worldwide and have a marked influence on the quality of life for the patients. Accumulating studies are establishing a compelling association between periodontal diseases and respiratory diseases. Here, in this review, we specifically focus on the key periodontal pathogenic bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum and dissect their roles in the onset and course of respiratory diseases, mainly pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and asthma. The mechanistic underpinnings and molecular processes on how P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum contribute to the progression of related respiratory diseases are further summarized and analyzed, including: induction of mucus hypersecretion and chronic airway inflammation; cytotoxic effects to disrupt the morphology and function of respiratory epithelial cells; synergistic pathogenic effects with respiratory pathogens like Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. By delving into the complex relationship to periodontal diseases and periodontopathogens, this review helps unearth novel insights into the etiopathogenesis of respiratory diseases and inspires the development of potential therapeutic avenues and preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiale Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiajia Dong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Pingyue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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3
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Molina A, Huck O, Herrera D, Montero E. The association between respiratory diseases and periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:842-887. [PMID: 36606394 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate (1) whether periodontitis has an influence on the prevalence/incidence of respiratory diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], asthma, community-acquired pneumonia [CAP], obstructive sleep apnoea [OSA] and COVID-19), and (2) what is the impact of periodontal therapy on the onset or progression of respiratory diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS An electronic search was performed on Pubmed, Cochrane Library and Scopus databases up to October 2021, to identify studies answering the PECOS and PICOS questions. RESULTS Seventy-five articles were selected. Meta-analyses identified statistically significant associations of periodontitis with COPD (nstudies = 12, odds ratio [OR] = 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.16; 1.42], p < .001), and OSA (ns = 6, OR = 1.65, 95% CI [1.21; 2.25], p = .001), but not for asthma (ns = 9, OR = 1.53, 95% CI [0.82; 2.86], p = .181). For acute conditions, two studies were found for CAP, while for COVID-19, significant associations were found for the need of assisted ventilation (ns = 2, OR = 6.24, 95% CI [2.78; 13.99], p < .001) and COVID-related mortality (ns = 3, OR = 2.26, 95% CI [1.36, 3.77], p = .002). Only four intervention studies were found, showing positive effects of periodontal treatment on COPD, asthma and CAP. CONCLUSIONS A positive association between periodontitis and COPD, OSA and COVID-19 complications has been found, while there is a lack of intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Molina
- Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases (ETEP) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Olivier Huck
- Dental Faculty Robert Franck, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Strasbourg, France
| | - David Herrera
- Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases (ETEP) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Montero
- Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases (ETEP) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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4
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Dong J, Li W, Wang Q, Chen J, Zu Y, Zhou X, Guo Q. Relationships Between Oral Microecosystem and Respiratory Diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:718222. [PMID: 35071321 PMCID: PMC8767498 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.718222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral microecosystem is a very complicated ecosystem that is located in the mouth and comprises oral microbiome, diverse anatomic structures of oral cavity, saliva and interactions between oral microbiota and between oral microbiota and the host. More and more evidence from studies of epidemiology, microbiology and molecular biology is establishing a significant link between oral microecosystem and respiratory diseases. Microbiota settling down in oral microecosystem is known as the main source of lung microbiome and has been associated with the occurrence and development of respiratory diseases like pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, cystic fibrosis lung disease and asthma. In fact, it is not only indigenous oral microbes promote or directly cause respiratory infection and inflammation when inhaled into the lower respiratory tract, but also internal environment of oral microecosystem serves as a reservoir for opportunistic respiratory pathogens. Moreover, poor oral health and oral diseases caused by oral microecological dysbiosis (especially periodontal disease) are related with risk of multiple respiratory diseases. Here, we review the research status on the respiratory diseases related with oral microecosystem. Potential mechanisms on how respiratory pathogens colonize oral microecosystem and the role of indigenous oral microbes in pathogenesis of respiratory diseases are also summarized and analyzed. Given the importance of oral plaque control and oral health interventions in controlling or preventing respiratory infection and diseases, we also summarize the oral health management measures and attentions, not only for populations susceptible to respiratory infection like the elderly and hospitalized patients, but also for dentist or oral hygienists who undertake oral health care. In conclusion, the relationship between respiratory diseases and oral microecosystem has been established and supported by growing body of literature. However, etiological evidence on the role of oral microecosystem in the development of respiratory diseases is still insufficient. Further detailed studies focusing on specific mechanisms on how oral microecosystem participate in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases could be helpful to prevent and treat respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Dong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiahao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Zu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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5
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Puzhankara L, Janakiram C. Common Risk Factor Approach to Limit Noncommunicable Diseases and Periodontal Disease-The Molecular and Cellular Basis: A Narrative Review. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2021; 11:490-502. [PMID: 34760792 PMCID: PMC8533044 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_109_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The link between periodontal disease and noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) has been the subject of major research over the past several years. The primary objective of this review is to understand the cellular and molecular components that link common risk factors (exposure) in adult patients (population) with periodontal disease and other NCDs (outcome). The secondary objective is to interpret from existing literature the possibility of identifying the molecular plausibility of the Common Risk Factor Approach (CRFA). Materials and Methods A literature search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for all published articles pertaining to the molecular and cellular basis of the risk factors between periodontal diseases and major NCDs. Data from all randomized and nonrandomized clinical trials, cross-sectional studies, case-control, cohort studies, literature, and systematic reviews were included. Results Periodontal pathogens, stress, obesity, smoking, and dietary factors are some of the common risk factors between periodontal disease and NCDs. Conclusion Understanding the molecular and cellular link of common risk factors between NCDs and periodontal disease would ensure the application of CRFA. The CRFA implies that controlling the risk factors associated with NCDs can have an incredible positive impact on regulating many chronic conditions, which would extend to periodontal health also.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Puzhankara
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Chandrashekar Janakiram
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
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6
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Yuan S, Fang C, Leng WD, Wu L, Li BH, Wang XH, Hu H, Zeng XT. Oral microbiota in the oral-genitourinary axis: identifying periodontitis as a potential risk of genitourinary cancers. Mil Med Res 2021; 8:54. [PMID: 34588004 PMCID: PMC8480014 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-021-00344-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis has been proposed as a novel risk factor of genitourinary cancers: although periodontitis and genitourinary cancers are two totally distinct types of disorders, epidemiological and clinical studies, have established associations between them. Dysbiosis of oral microbiota has already been established as a major factor contributing to periodontitis. Recent emerging epidemiological evidence and the detection of oral microbiota in genitourinary organs indicate the presence of an oral-genitourinary axis and oral microbiota may be involved in the pathogenesis of genitourinary cancers. Therefore, oral microbiota provides the bridge between periodontitis and genitourinary cancers. We have carried out this narrative review which summarizes epidemiological studies exploring the association between periodontitis and genitourinary cancers. We have also highlighted the current evidence demonstrating the capacity of oral microbiota to regulate almost all hallmarks of cancer, and proposed the potential mechanisms of oral microbiota in the development of genitourinary cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yuan
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Wei-Dong Leng
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Bing-Hui Li
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.,Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Xing-Huan Wang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China. .,Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
| | - Hailiang Hu
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xian-Tao Zeng
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China. .,Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
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7
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Bregaint S, Boyer E, Fong SB, Meuric V, Bonnaure-Mallet M, Jolivet-Gougeon A. Porphyromonas gingivalis outside the oral cavity. Odontology 2021; 110:1-19. [PMID: 34410562 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-021-00647-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis, a Gram-negative anaerobic bacillus present in periodontal disease, is considered one of the major pathogens in periodontitis. A literature search for English original studies, case series and review articles published up to December 2019 was performed using the MEDLINE, PubMed and GoogleScholar databases, with the search terms "Porphyromonas gingivalis" AND the potentially associated condition or systemic disease Abstracts and full text articles were used to make a review of published research literature on P. gingivalis outside the oral cavity. The main points of interest of this narrative review were: (i) a potential direct action of the bacterium and not the systemic effects of the inflammatory acute-phase response induced by the periodontitis, (ii) the presence of the bacterium (viable or not) in the organ, or (iii) the presence of its virulence factors. Virulence factors (gingipains, capsule, fimbriae, hemagglutinins, lipopolysaccharide, hemolysin, iron uptake transporters, toxic outer membrane blebs/vesicles, and DNA) associated with P. gingivalis can deregulate certain functions in humans, particularly host immune systems, and cause various local and systemic pathologies. The most recent studies linking P. gingivalis to systemic diseases were discussed, remembering particularly the molecular mechanisms involved in different infections, including cerebral, cardiovascular, pulmonary, bone, digestive and peri-natal infections. Recent involvement of P. gingivalis in neurological diseases has been demonstrated. P. gingivalis modulates cellular homeostasis and increases markers of inflammation. It is also a factor in the oxidative stress involved in beta-amyloid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steeve Bregaint
- Microbiology, INSERM, INRAE, CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), Université de Rennes, U1241, 2, avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043, Rennes, France
| | - Emile Boyer
- Microbiology, INSERM, INRAE, CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), Université de Rennes, U1241, 2, avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043, Rennes, France.,Teaching Hospital Pontchaillou, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes, France
| | - Shao Bing Fong
- Microbiology, INSERM, INRAE, CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), Université de Rennes, U1241, 2, avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043, Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Meuric
- Microbiology, INSERM, INRAE, CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), Université de Rennes, U1241, 2, avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043, Rennes, France.,Teaching Hospital Pontchaillou, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes, France
| | - Martine Bonnaure-Mallet
- Microbiology, INSERM, INRAE, CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), Université de Rennes, U1241, 2, avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043, Rennes, France.,Teaching Hospital Pontchaillou, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes, France
| | - Anne Jolivet-Gougeon
- Microbiology, INSERM, INRAE, CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), Université de Rennes, U1241, 2, avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043, Rennes, France. .,Teaching Hospital Pontchaillou, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes, France.
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8
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Tian H, Zhang Z, Wang X, Liu W, Wang Z. Role of experimental periodontitis in inducing pulmonary inflammation in mice. Oral Dis 2021; 28:2294-2303. [PMID: 34174133 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to explore the potential role of experimental periodontitis in pulmonary inflammation in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were divided into control, ligature-induced periodontitis (L) and ligature plus Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis)-induced periodontitis (LPG) groups. Alveolar bone resorption, pulmonary function, lung tissue histology and cytokine expression were examined at 2, 4 and 8 weeks. Then cytokines and neutrophils in the peripheral blood and lung tissue were further assessed at 8 weeks to determine the role of cytokines induced by LPG periodontitis, and the effect of P. gingivalis was evaluated using P. gingivalis-IgG and P. gingivalis gingipain. RESULTS Alveolar bone resorption was more severe in the L and LPG groups. However, pulmonary inflammation was observed only in the LPG group at 8 weeks when cytokines and neutrophils in the peripheral blood and lung tissue were the most significant elevation, along with higher levels of P. gingivalis-IgG and P. gingivalis gingipain. Cytokine levels were also increased in the gingival tissue, peripheral blood and lung tissue in the L group, accompanied by elevated peripheral blood neutrophils, but not as significantly as that in the LPG group. CONCLUSIONS LPG periodontitis can trigger pulmonary inflammation over the long term, in which cytokines and P. gingivalis play an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Tian
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral Function Reconstruction, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xueyuan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zuomin Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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9
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Li Q, Wang H, Tan L, Zhang S, Lin L, Tang X, Pan Y. Oral Pathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum Coaggregates With Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Modulate the Inflammatory Cytotoxicity of Pulmonary Epithelial Cells. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:643913. [PMID: 33816348 PMCID: PMC8017200 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.643913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of mortality worldwide, and inflammatory damage induced by bacterial infections is an important contributor to the etiology of COPD. Fusobacterium nucleatum, a recognized periodontal pathogen, is considered as a biomarker of lung function deterioration of COPD patients coinfected with Pseudomonas aerugionsa, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. This study established single- and dual-species infection models, bacterial simultaneous and sequential infection models, and found that F. nucleatum could coaggregate with P. aeruginosa to synergistically invade into pulmonary epithelial cells and transiently resist P. aeruginosa-induced cytotoxic damage to amplify IL-6 and TNF-α associated inflammation in pulmonary epithelial cells simultaneously infected with P. aeruginosa and F. nucleatum. Furthermore, F. nucleatum pretreatment or subsequential infection could maintain or even aggravate P. aeruginosa-induced inflammatory cytotoxicity of pulmonary epithelial cells. These results indicate that oral pathogen F. nucleatum coaggregates with P. aeruginosa to facilitate bacterial invasion and modulates the inflammatory cytotoxicity of pulmonary epithelial cells, which may contribute to lung function deterioration of COPD patients accompanied with P. aeruginosa and F. nucleatum coinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Biology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lisi Tan
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Lin
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaolin Tang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaping Pan
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Biology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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10
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Hajishengallis G, Lamont RJ. Polymicrobial communities in periodontal disease: Their quasi-organismal nature and dialogue with the host. Periodontol 2000 2021; 86:210-230. [PMID: 33690950 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In health, indigenous polymicrobial communities at mucosal surfaces maintain an ecological balance via both inter-microbial and host-microbial interactions that promote their own and the host's fitness, while preventing invasion by exogenous pathogens. However, genetic and acquired destabilizing factors (including immune deficiencies, immunoregulatory defects, smoking, diet, obesity, diabetes and other systemic diseases, and aging) may disrupt this homeostatic balance, leading to selective outgrowth of species with the potential for destructive inflammation. This process, known as dysbiosis, underlies the development of periodontitis in susceptible hosts. The pathogenic process is not linear but involves a positive-feedback loop between dysbiosis and the host inflammatory response. The dysbiotic community is essentially a quasi-organismal entity, where constituent organisms communicate via sophisticated physical and chemical signals and display functional specialization (eg, accessory pathogens, keystone pathogens, pathobionts), which enables polymicrobial synergy and dictates the community's pathogenic potential or nososymbiocity. In this review, we discuss early and recent studies in support of the polymicrobial synergy and dysbiosis model of periodontal disease pathogenesis. According to this concept, disease is not caused by individual "causative pathogens" but rather by reciprocally reinforced interactions between physically and metabolically integrated polymicrobial communities and a dysregulated host inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Richard J Lamont
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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11
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Mei F, Xie M, Huang X, Long Y, Lu X, Wang X, Chen L. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Its Systemic Impact: Current Status. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9110944. [PMID: 33202751 PMCID: PMC7696708 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases, notably including atherosclerosis and diabetes, has been studied for several years. Porphyromonas gingivalis, a prominent component of oral microorganism communities, is the main pathogen that causes periodontitis. As a result of the extensive analysis of this organism, the evidence of its connection to systemic diseases has become more apparent over the last decade. A significant amount of research has explored the role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and adverse pregnancy outcomes, while relatively few studies have examined its contribution to respiratory diseases, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and depression. Here, we provide an overview of the current state of knowledge about Porphyromonas gingivalis and its systemic impact in an aim to inform readers of the existing epidemiological evidence and the most recent preclinical studies. Additionally, the possible mechanisms by which Porphyromonas gingivalis is involved in the onset or exacerbation of diseases, together with its effects on systemic health, are covered. Although a few results remain controversial, it is now evident that Porphyromonas gingivalis should be regarded as a modifiable factor for several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Mei
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (F.M.); (M.X.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (X.L.)
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Mengru Xie
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (F.M.); (M.X.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (X.L.)
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaofei Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (F.M.); (M.X.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (X.L.)
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yanlin Long
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (F.M.); (M.X.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (X.L.)
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (F.M.); (M.X.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (X.L.)
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (L.C.)
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (F.M.); (M.X.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (X.L.)
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (L.C.)
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12
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杜 芹, 马 歆. [Research progress of correlation between periodontal pathogens and systemic diseases]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:759-764. [PMID: 32897213 PMCID: PMC7277321 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.05.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Periodontal pathogens are the main pathogenic factor of periodontitis. Periodontal pathogens have a large variety of virulence factors such as lipopolysaccharide, fimbriae and proteases, which enables the pathogens to infect periodontal tissues and stimulate the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, causing chronic systemic inflammation. Periodontal pathogens may invade multiple systems such as the circulatory system, immune system, respiratory system and digestive system to cause systematic diseases. Recent studies have shown that periodontal pathogens may have close relations with systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer. Among the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis can be found in atherosclerotic plaques to impairing the function of the vascular endothelium; Porphyromonas gingivalis may also increase the level of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α to promote insulin resistance and diabetes. Many of the periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Prevotella intermedia can be detected in the synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients, suggesting their involvement in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Fusobacterium nucleatum may cause alterations in the intestinal microbiome in mice and promote the occurrence of intestinal tumors. Herein we review the recent progresses in the relationship between periodontal pathogens and systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- 芹 杜
- 四川省医学科学院//四川省人民医院口腔科,四川 成都 610072Department of Stomatlogy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
- 电子科技大学附属医学院,四川 成都 610054School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610054, China
- 中国科学院成都生物研究所,四川 成都 610041Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 歆茹 马
- 四川省医学科学院//四川省人民医院口腔科,四川 成都 610072Department of Stomatlogy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
- 遵义医科大学口腔医学院,贵州 遵义 563000School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medicial University, Zunyi 563000, China
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13
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Li Q, Zhou J, Lin L, Zhao H, Miao L, Pan Y. Porphyromonas gingivalis degrades integrin β1 and induces AIF-mediated apoptosis of epithelial cells. Infect Dis (Lond) 2019; 51:793-801. [PMID: 31411895 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2019.1653490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major pathogen of chronic periodontitis, adheres to and invades epithelial cells via an interaction between fimbriae and integrin. P. gingivalis proliferation and infection may affect the survival of cells. In this study, we further examined alternative signaling pathways mediating epithelial-cell death induced by P. gingivalis and the role of the cell-adhesion molecule integrin. Methods: Human epithelial KB cells interacted with P. gingivalis to evaluate cell death by Annexin V-propidium iodide (PI) staining. JC-1 staining was used to measure mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). The mRNA and protein of integrin β1, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and caspase-3 were detected by real-time PCR and western blot. Caspase-3 activity was analyzed by spectrophotometry. Results: P. gingivalis infection downregulated integrin β1 and led to cell detachment in a dose and time-dependent manner. Large amount of P. gingivalis induced MMP depolarization and apoptosis in KB cells. Moreover, P. gingivalis up-regulated AIF, but not activate caspase-3 during apoptosis. In addition, AIF inhibitor N-Phenylmaleimide almost inhibited the P. gingivalis-induced apoptosis. Conclusions: P. gingivalis disrupts epithelial-cell adhesion by degrading integrin β1 and induces caspase-independent, AIF-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis, which may promote the damage of oral tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Haijiao Zhao
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Lei Miao
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Yaping Pan
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University , Shenyang , China.,Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University , Shenyang , China
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14
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Chang C, Wang H, Liu J, Pan C, Zhang D, Li X, Pan Y. Porphyromonas gingivalis Infection Promoted the Proliferation of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells through the miR-21/PDCD4/AP-1 Negative Signaling Pathway. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:1336-1347. [PMID: 31243990 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent epidemiological studies have revealed that Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major pathogen in periodontal disease, is associated with the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the underlying mechanisms induced by P. gingivalis have not been well-defined. We aimed to determine the role of P. gingivalis in OSCC proliferation and the relevant molecular mechanisms. A cellular proliferation model of OSCC Tca8113 cells infected by P. gingivalis at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 50 was established. Cell proliferation was drastically increased in the infected cells compared with the control cells, while the proportion of cells in S phase was increased and the proportion of cells in G1 phase was decreased in the infected cells compared with the control cells. Additionally, the levels of activator protein 1 (AP-1; c-Jun and c-Fos) and its target gene cyclin D1 were increased in P. gingivalis-infected Tca8113 cells compared with control cells. miR-21 expression was elevated when programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) expression was downregulated. Cyclin D1 expression was regulated by miR-21, PDCD4, and AP-1. The disruption of the pathway by silencing c-Jun, blocking miR-21 expression, or overexpressing PDCD4 led to decreased cyclin D1 expression and inhibited cell proliferation. P. gingivalis DNA levels were positively correlated with miR-21 and c-Jun expression and negatively correlated with PDCD4 expression in clinical OSCC samples. Our findings indicated that P. gingivalis might promote OSCC proliferation by regulating cyclin D1 expression via the miR-21/PDCD4/AP-1 negative feedback signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Chang
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, China
| | - Junchao Liu
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, China
| | - Chunling Pan
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, China
| | - Yaping Pan
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, China
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, China
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15
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Konkel JE, O'Boyle C, Krishnan S. Distal Consequences of Oral Inflammation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1403. [PMID: 31293577 PMCID: PMC6603141 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an incredibly prevalent chronic inflammatory disease, which results in the destruction of tooth supporting structures. However, in addition to causing tooth and alveolar bone loss, this oral inflammatory disease has been shown to contribute to disease states and inflammatory pathology at sites distant from the oral cavity. Epidemiological and experimental studies have linked periodontitis to the development and/or exacerbation of a plethora of other chronic diseases ranging from rheumatoid arthritis to Alzheimer's disease. Such studies highlight how the inflammatory status of the oral cavity can have a profound impact on systemic health. In this review we discuss the disease states impacted by periodontitis and explore potential mechanisms whereby oral inflammation could promote loss of homeostasis at distant sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne E. Konkel
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Conor O'Boyle
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Siddharth Krishnan
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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16
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Ruffin M, Brochiero E. Repair Process Impairment by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Epithelial Tissues: Major Features and Potential Therapeutic Avenues. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:182. [PMID: 31214514 PMCID: PMC6554286 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tissues protecting organs from the environment are the first-line of defense against pathogens. Therefore, efficient repair mechanisms after injury are crucial to maintain epithelial integrity. However, these healing processes can be insufficient to restore epithelial integrity, notably in infectious conditions. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in cutaneous, corneal, and respiratory tract epithelia are of particular concern because they are the leading causes of hospitalizations, disabilities, and deaths worldwide. Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been shown to alter repair processes, leading to chronic wounds and infections. Because of the current increase in the incidence of multi-drug resistant isolates of P. aeruginosa, complementary approaches to decrease the negative impact of these bacteria on epithelia are urgently needed. Here, we review the recent advances in the understanding of the impact of P. aeruginosa infections on the integrity and repair mechanisms of alveolar, airway, cutaneous and corneal epithelia. Potential therapeutic avenues aimed at counteracting this deleterious impact of infection are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Ruffin
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Brochiero
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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17
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Carvalho-Filho PC, Moura-Costa LF, Pimentel ACM, Lopes MPP, Freitas SA, Miranda PM, Costa RS, Figueirêdo CAV, Meyer R, Gomes-Filho IS, Olczak T, Xavier MT, Trindade SC. Apoptosis Transcriptional Profile Induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis HmuY. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:6758159. [PMID: 31011284 PMCID: PMC6442302 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6758159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at evaluating the transcriptional profile of apoptosis-related genes after in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from individuals with periodontitis (P) and healthy nonperiodontitis (NP) control subjects with P. gingivalis HmuY protein. PBMCs from the P and NP groups were stimulated with HmuY P. gingivalis protein, and the expression of genes related to apoptosis was assessed by custom real-time polymerase chain reaction array (Custom RT2 PCR Array). Compared with the NP group, the P group showed low relative levels of apoptosis-related gene expression, downregulated for FAS, FAS ligand, TNFSF10 (TRAIL), BAK1, CASP9, and APAF1 after P. gingivalis HmuY protein stimulation. Furthermore, the P group exhibited low levels of relative gene expression, downregulated for CASP7 when the cells were not stimulated. Our data suggest that P. gingivalis HmuY protein might participate differently in the modulation of the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo C. Carvalho-Filho
- Department of Immunology, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
- Dental School, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mabel P. P. Lopes
- Department of Immunology, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ryan S. Costa
- Department of Immunology, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto Meyer
- Department of Immunology, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Teresa Olczak
- Laboratory of Medical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Márcia T. Xavier
- Dental School, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Brazil
| | - Soraya C. Trindade
- Department of Immunology, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Periodontics, Feira de Santana State University, Bahia, Brazil
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18
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Gao H, Feng BS, Liu JQ, Mo LH, Geng XR, Xiao Y, Zhang YY, Hong JY, Liu ZJ, Liu ZG, Feng Y, Yang PC. Survivin induces defects in apoptosis in eosinophils in intestine with food allergy. Innate Immun 2019; 25:244-254. [PMID: 30755042 PMCID: PMC6830885 DOI: 10.1177/1753425919829554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Survivin is an anti-apoptosis protein that may be associated with the development
of eosinophilia; the latter is associated with the pathogenesis of many immune
disorders. Here we report that less apoptotic eosinophils (Eos) were induced in
those isolated from mice suffering from food allergy (FA) than those from naive
mice after treating with cisplatin in vitro. Exposure to
cisplatin induced more Fas ligand (FasL) expression in Eos isolated from naive
mice than in those of FA mouse. Survivin was detected in the intestinal tissue
extracts in much higher amounts in the FA group than in the naive group.
Immunohistochemistry showed that epithelial cells were the major source of
survivin in the intestine. Exposure to IL-4 or IL-13 up-regulated the expression
of survivin in intestinal epithelial cells. Survivin interfered with the
expression of FasL in Eos. Inhibition of survivin attenuated the
eosinophilia-related inflammation in the intestine. In conclusion, intestinal
epithelial cell-produced survivin induced defects in apoptosis in Eos to
contribute to eosinophilia in the intestine. Inhibition of survivin can suppress
the eosinophilia-related intestinal inflammation. The data suggest that survivin
may be a novel target for the treatment of FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- 1 Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, China
| | - Bai-Sui Feng
- 2 Department of Gastroenterology, Second Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Jiang-Qi Liu
- 3 Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, China.,4 ENT Hospital & Shenzhen ENT Institute, China
| | - Li-Hua Mo
- 3 Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, China.,4 ENT Hospital & Shenzhen ENT Institute, China
| | - Xiao-Rui Geng
- 3 Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, China.,4 ENT Hospital & Shenzhen ENT Institute, China
| | - Yuan Xiao
- 5 Pharmaceutical Preparation Section, Guizhou Province People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuan-Yi Zhang
- 3 Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, China
| | - Jing-Yi Hong
- 3 Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, China
| | - Zhan-Ju Liu
- 1 Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- 3 Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yisheng Feng
- 6 Department of Colorectal Surgery, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Ping-Chang Yang
- 3 Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, China
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19
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Chen Y, Zhou R, Yi Z, Li Y, Fu Y, Zhang Y, Li P, Li X, Pan Y. Porphyromonas gingivalis induced inflammatory responses and promoted apoptosis in lung epithelial cells infected with H1N1 via the Bcl‑2/Bax/Caspase‑3 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:97-104. [PMID: 29750299 PMCID: PMC6059728 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) on inflammatory cytokine and nitic oxide (NO) production in lung epithelial cells infected with H1N1, and the underlying mechanisms. Lung epithelial cells were co-infected with P. gingivalis and H1N1. The concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 were detected via an ELISA, and the concentration of NO was detected by the nitrate reductive enzymatic method at 4, 8, 12 and 24 h following infection. The expression levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) was detected by western blotting. The apoptotic rate of lung epithelial cells was detected by flow cytometry. The relative protein expression levels of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and caspase-3 in lung epithelial cells were detected by western blotting. Compared with the control group, the concentration of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 exhibited a significant increase (P<0.05) in the viral-infected, bacterial-infected and co-infected groups. The concentration of NO also increased significantly (P<0.05), along with the rise in the expression levels of iNOS (P<0.05) and the increase in the apoptosis rate of lung epithelial cells (P<0.05). The relative expression levels of caspase-3 and Bax proteins were increased significantly in the viral- and bacterial-infected groups when compared with the control. The relative expression levels of Bcl-2 protein exhibited a significant decrease in lung epithelial cells following the co-infection with P. gingivalis and H1N1 compared with the control (P<0.05). The results of the present study revealed that the combination of P. gingivalis and H1N1 infection in lung epithelial cells may promote the production of inflammatory cytokines and increase NO production, leading to increased levels of apoptosis in lung epithelial cells via the Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongju Chen
- School of Stomatology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Yi
- Department of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
| | - Yonggang Li
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Yibo Zhang
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Ping Li
- School of Stomatology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Stomatology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Pan
- Department of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
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20
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Li X, Li C, Liu JC, Pan YP, Li YG. In vitro effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis combined with influenza A virus on respiratory epithelial cells. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 95:125-133. [PMID: 30107300 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Respiratory epithelial cells are the first natural barrier against bacteria and viruses; hence, the interactions among epithelial cells, bacteria, and viruses are associated with disease occurrence and development. The effect of co-infection by P. gingivalis and influenza A virus (IAV) on respiratory epithelial cells remains unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze in vitro cell viability and apoptosis rates in respiratory epithelial A549 cells infected with P. gingivalis or IAV alone, or a combination of both pathogens. DESIGN A549 cells were first divided into a control group, a P. gingivalis group, an IAV group, and a P. gingivalis + IAV group, to examine cell viability and apoptosis rates, the levels of microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 B (LC3-II), microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3A (LC3-I), and sequestosome 1 (P62), and the formation of autophagosomes. The autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine (3MA), was used to assess autophagy and apoptosis in A549 cells infected with P. gingivalis or IAV. RESULTS An MTT assay revealed that cell viability was significantly lower in the IAV group than in the P. gingivalis + IAV group (P < 0.05). Flow cytometry indicated that the apoptosis rate was significantly higher in the IAV group than in the P. gingivalis + IAV group (P < 0.05). The fluorescence levels of GFP-LC3 increased significantly, the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio was significantly higher, and the P62 protein levels were statistically lower in the P. gingivalis + IAV group compared with the IAV group (all P < 0.05). Western blotting revealed that the LC3- II/LC3-I ratio was significantly lower, and caspase-3 levels were significantly higher in the 3MA + P. gingivalis + IAV group compared to the P. gingivalis + IAV group (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In vitro studies showed that infection by P. gingivalis combined with IAV temporarily inhibited apoptosis in respiratory epithelial cells, and this may be related to the initiation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjing North St. 117, Shenyang 110002, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjing North St. 117, Shenyang 110002, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Jun-Chao Liu
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjing North St. 117, Shenyang 110002, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Ya-Ping Pan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjing North St. 117, Shenyang 110002, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Yong-Gang Li
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, Liaoning Province, China.
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21
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Hajishengallis G, Lamont RJ. Dancing with the Stars: How Choreographed Bacterial Interactions Dictate Nososymbiocity and Give Rise to Keystone Pathogens, Accessory Pathogens, and Pathobionts. Trends Microbiol 2016; 24:477-489. [PMID: 26968354 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Many diseases that originate on mucosal membranes ensue from the action of polymicrobial communities of indigenous organisms working in concert to disrupt homeostatic mechanisms. Multilevel physical and chemical communication systems among constituent organisms underlie polymicrobial synergy and dictate the community's pathogenic potential or nososymbiocity, that is, disease arising from living together with a susceptible host. Functional specialization of community participants, often originating from metabolic codependence, has given rise to several newly appreciated designations within the commensal-to-pathogen spectrum. Accessory pathogens, while inherently commensal in a particular microenvironment, nonetheless enhance the colonization or metabolic activity of pathogens. Keystone pathogens (bacterial drivers or alpha-bugs) exert their influence at low abundance by modulating both the composition and levels of community participants and by manipulating host responses. Pathobionts (or bacterial passengers) exploit disrupted host homeostasis to flourish and promote inflammatory disease. In this review we discuss how commensal or pathogenic properties of organisms are not intrinsic features, and have to be considered within the context of both the microbial community in which they reside and the host immune status.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Hajishengallis
- Department of Microbiology, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Richard J Lamont
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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22
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Abstract
Organisms residing in the oral cavity (oral microbiota) contribute to health and disease, and influence diseases like gingivitis, periodontitis, and oral candidiasis (the most common oral complication of HIV-infection). These organisms are also associated with cancer and other systemic diseases including upper respiratory infections. There is limited knowledge regarding how oral microbes interact together and influence the host immune system. Characterizing the oral microbial community (oral microbiota) in health and disease represents a critical step in gaining insight into various members of this community. While most of the studies characterizing oral microbiota have focused on bacterial community, there are few encouraging studies characterizing the oral mycobiome (the fungal component of the oral microbiota). Our group recently characterized the oral mycobiome in health and disease focusing on HIV. In this chapter we will describe the methods used by our group for characterization of the oral mycobiome.
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Reverse-Phase Microarray Analysis Reveals Novel Targets in Lymph Nodes of Bacillus anthracis Spore-Challenged Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129860. [PMID: 26091359 PMCID: PMC4474663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthrax is a frequently fatal infection of many animal species and men. The causative agent Bacillus anthracis propagates through the lymphatic system of the infected host; however, the specific interactions of the host and microbe within the lymphatics are incompletely understood. We report the first description of the phosphoprotein signaling in the lymph nodes of DBA/2 mice using a novel technique combining the reverse-phase microarray with the laser capture microdissesction. Mice were challenged into foot pads with spores of toxinogenic, unencapsulated Sterne strain. The spores quickly migrated to the regional popliteal lymph nodes and spread to the bloodstream as early as 3 h post challenge. All mice died before 72 h post challenge from the systemic disease accompanied by a widespread LN tissue damage by bacteria, including the hemorrhagic necrotizing lymphadenitis, infiltration of CD11b+ and CD3+ cells, and massive proliferation of bacteria in lymph nodes. A macrophage scavenger receptor CD68/macrosialin was upregulated and found in association with vegetative bacteria likely as a marker of their prior interaction with macrophages. The major signaling findings among the 65 tested proteins included the reduced MAPK signaling, upregulation of STAT transcriptional factors, and altered abundance of a number of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins with signaling properties opposing each other. Downregulation of ERK1/2 was associated with the response of CD11b+ macrophages/dendritic cells, while upregulation of the pro-apoptotic Puma indicated a targeting of CD3+ T-cells. A robust upregulation of the anti-apoptotic survivin was unexpected because generally it is not observed in adult tissues. Taken together with the activation of STATs it may reflect a new pathogenic mechanism aimed to delay the onset of apoptosis. Our data emphasize a notion that the net biological outcome of disease is determined by a cumulative impact of factors representing the microbial insult and the protective capacity of the host.
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Benedyk M, Byrne DP, Glowczyk I, Potempa J, Olczak M, Olczak T, Smalley JW. Pyocyanina contributory factor in haem acquisition and virulence enhancement of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the lung [corrected]. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118319. [PMID: 25706529 PMCID: PMC4338185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Several recent studies show that the lungs infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa are often co-colonised by oral bacteria including black-pigmenting anaerobic (BPA) Porphyromonas species. The BPAs have an absolute haem requirement and their presence in the infected lung indicates that sufficient haem, a virulence up-regulator in BPAs, must be present to support growth. Haemoglobin from micro-bleeds occurring during infection is the most likely source of haem in the lung. Porphyromonas gingivalis displays a novel haem acquisition paradigm whereby haemoglobin must be firstly oxidised to methaemoglobin, facilitating haem release, either by gingipain proteolysis or capture via the haem-binding haemophore HmuY. P. aeruginosa produces the blue phenazine redox compound, pyocyanin. Since phenazines can oxidise haemoglobin, it follows that pyocyanin may also facilitate haem acquisition by promoting methaemoglobin production. Here we show that pyocyanin at concentrations found in the CF lung during P. aeruginosa infections rapidly oxidises oxyhaemoglobin in a dose-dependent manner. We demonstrate that methaemoglobin formed by pyocyanin is also susceptible to proteolysis by P. gingivalis Kgp gingipain and neutrophil elastase, thus releasing haem. Importantly, co-incubation of oxyhaemoglobin with pyocyanin facilitates haem pickup from the resulting methemoglobin by the P. gingivalis HmuY haemophore. Mice intra-tracheally challenged with viable P. gingivalis cells plus pyocyanin displayed increased mortality compared to those administered P. gingivalis alone. Pyocyanin significantly elevated both methaemoglobin and total haem levels in homogenates of mouse lungs and increased the level of arginine-specific gingipain activity from mice inoculated with viable P. gingivalis cells plus pyocyanin compared with mice inoculated with P. gingivalis only. These findings indicate that pyocyanin, by promoting haem availability through methaemoglobin formation and stimulating of gingipain production, may contribute to virulence of P. gingivalis and disease severity when co-infecting with P. aeruginosa in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Benedyk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dominic P Byrne
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Izabela Glowczyk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jan Potempa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, United States of America
| | - Mariusz Olczak
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Teresa Olczak
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - John W Smalley
- School of Dentistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Periodontitis is a dysbiotic inflammatory disease with an adverse impact on systemic health. Recent studies have provided insights into the emergence and persistence of dysbiotic oral microbial communities that can mediate inflammatory pathology at local as well as distant sites. This Review discusses the mechanisms of microbial immune subversion that tip the balance from homeostasis to disease in oral or extra-oral sites.
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Scannapieco FA, Shay K. Oral health disparities in older adults: oral bacteria, inflammation, and aspiration pneumonia. Dent Clin North Am 2014; 58:771-82. [PMID: 25201541 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Poor oral hygiene has been suggested to be a risk factor for aspiration pneumonia in the institutionalized and disabled elderly. Control of oral biofilm formation in these populations reduces the numbers of potential respiratory pathogens in the oral secretions, which in turn reduces the risk for pneumonia. Together with other preventive measures, improved oral hygiene helps to control lower respiratory infections in frail elderly hospital and nursing home patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank A Scannapieco
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo - The State University of New York, Foster Hall, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
| | - Kenneth Shay
- Geriatrics and Extended Care Services (10P4G), US Department of Veterans Affairs, PO Box 134002, Ann Arbor, MI 48113-4002, USA
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Individuals With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) May Be More Likely to Have More Severe Periodontal Disease Than Individuals Without COPD. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2014; 14:79-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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