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Zhang YS, Gong JS, Jiang JY, Xu ZH, Shi JS. Engineering protein translocation and unfolded protein response enhanced human PH-20 secretion in Pichia pastoris. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:54. [PMID: 38175240 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12878-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Hyaluronidases catalyze the degradation of hyaluronan (HA), which is finding rising applications in medicine, cosmetic, and food industries. Recombinant expression of hyaluronidases in microbial hosts has been given special attention as a sustainable way to substitute animal tissue-derived hyaluronidases. In this study, we focused on optimizing the secretion of hyaluronidase from Homo sapiens in Pichia pastoris by secretion pathway engineering. The recombinant hyaluronidase was first expressed under the control of a constitutive promoter PGCW14. Then, two endoplasmic reticulum-related secretory pathways were engineered to improve the secretion capability of the recombinant strain. Signal peptide optimization suggested redirecting the protein into co-translational translocation using the ost1-proα signal sequence improved the secretion level by 20%. Enhancing the co-translational translocation by overexpressing signal recognition particle components further enhanced the secretory capability by 48%. Then, activating the unfolded protein response by overexpressing a transcriptional factor ScHac1p led to a secreted hyaluronidase activity of 4.06 U/mL, which was 2.1-fold higher than the original strain. Finally, fed-batch fermentation elevated the production to 19.82 U/mL. The combined engineering strategy described here could be applied to enhance the secretion capability of other proteins in yeast hosts. KEY POINTS: • Improving protein secretion by enhancing co-translational translocation in P. pastoris was reported for the first time. • Overexpressing Hac1p homologous from different origins improved the rhPH-20 secretion. • A 4.9-fold increase in rhPH-20 secretion was achieved after fermentation optimization and fed-batch fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Song Gong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jia-Yu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Hong Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, 214200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Song Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, 214200, People's Republic of China.
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Alias FL, Nezhad NG, Normi YM, Ali MSM, Budiman C, Leow TC. Recent Advances in Overexpression of Functional Recombinant Lipases. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1737-1749. [PMID: 36971996 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00725-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Heterologous functional expression of the recombinant lipases is typically a bottleneck due to the expression in the insoluble fraction as inclusion bodies (IBs) which are in inactive form. Due to the importance of lipases in various industrial applications, many investigations have been conducted to discover suitable approaches to obtain functional lipase or increase the expressed yield in the soluble fraction. The utilization of the appropriate prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems, along with the suitable vectors, promoters, and tags, has been recognized as a practical approach. One of the most powerful strategies to produce bioactive lipases is using the molecular chaperones co-expressed along with the target protein's genes into the expression host to produce the lipase in soluble fraction as a bioactive form. The refolding of expressed lipase from IBs (inactive) is another practical strategy which is usually carried out through chemical and physical methods. Based on recent investigations, the current review simultaneously highlights strategies to express the bioactive lipases and recover the bioactive lipases from the IBs in insoluble form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatin Liyana Alias
- Enzyme and Microbial Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nima Ghahremani Nezhad
- Enzyme and Microbial Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yahaya M Normi
- Enzyme and Microbial Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shukuri Mohamad Ali
- Enzyme and Microbial Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Cahyo Budiman
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Thean Chor Leow
- Enzyme and Microbial Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Xia F, Du J, Wang K, Liu L, Ba L, Liu H, Liu Y. Application of Multiple Strategies To Debottleneck the Biosynthesis of Longifolene by Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:11336-11343. [PMID: 36047715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Longifolene as an important sesquiterpene had enormous biological benefits. However, the low productivity of longifolene relying on chemical catalysis and plant extraction limited its wide application. Herein, the longifolene biosynthetic pathway was introduced into Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and multiple genetic strategies were applied to debottleneck the synthesis of longifolene, including the regulation of the rate-limiting enzymes, the elimination of the competitive pathways, the screening of the molecular chaperone to improve synthase activity, and the enhancement of the precursor supply. After combinationally applying these optimum strategies, the production of longifolene reached 27.30 mg/L in shake flasks and 1249 mg/L in fed-batch fermentation, respectively, which was the highest yield of longifolene reported thus far. It was demonstrated that the strategies applied in our work were effective in promoting the biosynthesis of longifolene, which not only laid a significant foundation for its industrial production but also provided a platform for the synthesis of other terpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Xia
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingping Du
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Liu
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Ba
- Zhongmu Research Institute, China Animal Husbandry Industry Company, Limited, Beijing 100095, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Liu
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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4
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Pathway engineering facilitates efficient protein expression in Pichia pastoris. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:5893-5912. [PMID: 36040488 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12139-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Pichia pastoris has been recognized as an important platform for the production of various heterologous proteins in recent years. The strong promoter AOX1, induced by methanol, with the help of the α-pre-pro signal sequence, can lead to a high expression level of extracellular protein. However, this combination was not always efficient, as protein secretion in P. pastoris involves numerous procedures mediated by several cellular proteins, including folding assisted by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) molecular chaperones, degradation through ubiquitination, and an efficient vesicular transport system. Efficient protein expression requires the cooperation of various intracellular pathways. This article summarizes the process of protein secretion, modification, and transportation in P. pastoris. In addition, the roles played by the key proteins in these processes and the corresponding co-expression effects are also listed. It is expected to lay the foundation for the industrial protein production of P. pastoris. KEY POINTS: • Mechanisms of chaperones in protein folding and their co-expression effects are summarized. • Protein glycosylation modifications are comprehensively reviewed. • Current dilemmas in the overall protein secretion pathway of Pichia pastoris and corresponding solutions are demonstrated.
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Ito Y, Ishigami M, Terai G, Nakamura Y, Hashiba N, Nishi T, Nakazawa H, Hasunuma T, Asai K, Umetsu M, Ishii J, Kondo A. A streamlined strain engineering workflow with genome-wide screening detects enhanced protein secretion in Komagataella phaffii. Commun Biol 2022; 5:561. [PMID: 35676418 PMCID: PMC9177720 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03475-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of secreted recombinant proteins burdens the protein secretion machinery, limiting production. Here, we describe an approach to improving protein production by the non-conventional yeast Komagataella phaffii comprised of genome-wide screening for effective gene disruptions, combining them in a single strain, and recovering growth reduction by adaptive evolution. For the screen, we designed a multiwell-formatted, streamlined workflow to high-throughput assay of secretion of a single-chain small antibody, which is cumbersome to detect but serves as a good model of proteins that are difficult to secrete. Using the consolidated screening system, we evaluated >19,000 mutant strains from a mutant library prepared by a modified random gene-disruption method, and identified six factors for which disruption led to increased antibody production. We then combined the disruptions, up to quadruple gene knockouts, which appeared to contribute independently, in a single strain and observed an additive effect. Target protein and promoter were basically interchangeable for the effects of knockout genes screened. We finally used adaptive evolution to recover reduced cell growth by multiple gene knockouts and examine the possibility for further enhancing protein secretion. Our successful, three-part approach holds promise as a method for improving protein production by non-conventional microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Ito
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Misa Ishigami
- Technology Research Association of Highly Efficient Gene Design (TRAHED), Kobe, Japan
| | - Goro Terai
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Nakamura
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Noriko Hashiba
- Technology Research Association of Highly Efficient Gene Design (TRAHED), Kobe, Japan
| | - Teruyuki Nishi
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Bio-Pharma Research Laboratories, Kaneka Corporation, Takasago, Japan
| | - Hikaru Nakazawa
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Hasunuma
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Asai
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Umetsu
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jun Ishii
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
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Bustos C, Quezada J, Veas R, Altamirano C, Braun-Galleani S, Fickers P, Berrios J. Advances in Cell Engineering of the Komagataella phaffii Platform for Recombinant Protein Production. Metabolites 2022; 12:346. [PMID: 35448535 PMCID: PMC9027633 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Komagataella phaffii (formerly known as Pichia pastoris) has become an increasingly important microorganism for recombinant protein production. This yeast species has gained high interest in an industrial setting for the production of a wide range of proteins, including enzymes and biopharmaceuticals. During the last decades, relevant bioprocess progress has been achieved in order to increase recombinant protein productivity and to reduce production costs. More recently, the improvement of cell features and performance has also been considered for this aim, and promising strategies with a direct and substantial impact on protein productivity have been reported. In this review, cell engineering approaches including metabolic engineering and energy supply, transcription factor modulation, and manipulation of routes involved in folding and secretion of recombinant protein are discussed. A lack of studies performed at the higher-scale bioreactor involving optimisation of cultivation parameters is also evidenced, which highlights new research aims to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bustos
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, Valparaíso 2362803, Chile; (C.B.); (J.Q.); (R.V.); (C.A.); (S.B.-G.)
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Av. de la Faculté 2B, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
| | - Johan Quezada
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, Valparaíso 2362803, Chile; (C.B.); (J.Q.); (R.V.); (C.A.); (S.B.-G.)
| | - Rhonda Veas
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, Valparaíso 2362803, Chile; (C.B.); (J.Q.); (R.V.); (C.A.); (S.B.-G.)
| | - Claudia Altamirano
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, Valparaíso 2362803, Chile; (C.B.); (J.Q.); (R.V.); (C.A.); (S.B.-G.)
| | - Stephanie Braun-Galleani
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, Valparaíso 2362803, Chile; (C.B.); (J.Q.); (R.V.); (C.A.); (S.B.-G.)
| | - Patrick Fickers
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Av. de la Faculté 2B, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
| | - Julio Berrios
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, Valparaíso 2362803, Chile; (C.B.); (J.Q.); (R.V.); (C.A.); (S.B.-G.)
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Enespa, Chandra P, Singh DP. Sources, purification, immobilization and industrial applications of microbial lipases: An overview. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:6653-6686. [PMID: 35179093 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2038076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Microbial lipase is looking for better attention with the fast growth of enzyme proficiency and other benefits like easy, cost-effective, and reliable manufacturing. Immobilized enzymes can be used repetitively and are incapable to catalyze the reactions in the system continuously. Hydrophobic supports are utilized to immobilize enzymes when the ionic strength is low. This approach allows for the immobilization, purification, stability, and hyperactivation of lipases in a single step. The diffusion of the substrate is more advantageous on hydrophobic supports than on hydrophilic supports in the carrier. These approaches are critical to the immobilization performance of the enzyme. For enzyme immobilization, synthesis provides a higher pH value as well as greater heat stability. Using a mixture of immobilization methods, the binding force between enzymes and the support rises, reducing enzyme leakage. Lipase adsorption produces interfacial activation when it is immobilized on hydrophobic support. As a result, in the immobilization process, this procedure is primarily used for a variety of industrial applications. Microbial sources, immobilization techniques, and industrial applications in the fields of food, flavor, detergent, paper and pulp, pharmaceuticals, biodiesel, derivatives of esters and amino groups, agrochemicals, biosensor applications, cosmetics, perfumery, and bioremediation are all discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enespa
- School for Agriculture, Sri Mahesh Prasad Post Graduate College, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prem Chandra
- Food Microbiology & Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School for Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central) University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Devendra Pratap Singh
- Department of Environmental Science, School for Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central) University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Chun J, Ko YH, Kim DH. Interaction between hypoviral-regulated fungal virulence factor laccase3 and small heat shock protein Hsp24 from the chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica. J Microbiol 2021; 60:57-62. [PMID: 34826098 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-022-1498-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Laccase3 is an important virulence factor of the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica. Laccase3 gene (lac3) transcription is induced by tannic acid, a group of phenolic compounds found in chestnut trees, and its induction is regulated by the hypovirus CHV1 infection. CpHsp24, a small heat shock protein gene of C. parasitica, plays a determinative role in stress adaptation and pathogen virulence. Having uncovered in our previous study that transcriptional regulation of the CpHsp24 gene in response to tannic acid supplementation and CHV1 infection was similar to that of the lac3, and that conserved phenotypic changes of reduced virulence were observed in mutants of both genes, we inferred that both genes were implicated in a common pathway. Building on this finding, in this paper we examined whether the CpHsp24 protein (CpHSP24) was a molecular chaperone for the lac3 protein (LAC3). Our pull-down experiment indicated that the protein products of the two genes directly interacted with each other. Heterologous co-expression of CpHsp24 and lac3 genes using Saccharomyces cerevisiae resulted in more laccase activity in the cotransformant than in a parental lac3-expresssing yeast strain. These findings suggest that CpHSP24 is, in fact, a molecular chaperone for the LAC3, which is critical component of fungal pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeesun Chun
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Yo-Han Ko
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
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Han M, Wang W, Gong X, Zhou J, Xu C, Li Y. Increased expression of recombinant chitosanase by co-expression of Hac1p in the yeast Pichia pastoris. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:1434-1441. [PMID: 34749599 DOI: 10.2174/0929866528666211105111155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pichia pastoris is one of the most popular eukaryotic hosts for producing heterologous proteins, while increasing secretion of target proteins is still a top priority for their application in industrial fields. Recently, the research effort to enhance protein production therein has focused on up-regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR). OBJECTIVE We evaluated the effects of activated UPR via Hac1p co-expression with the promoter AOX1 (PAOX1) or GAP (PGAP) on expression of recombinant chitosanase (rCBS) in P. pastoris. METHOD The DNA sequence encoding the chitosanase was chemically synthesized and cloned into pPICZαA and the resulted pPICZαA/rCBS was transformed into P. pastoris for expressing rCBS. The P. pastoris HAC1i cDNA was chemically synthesized and cloned into pPIC3.5K to give pPIC3.5K/Hac1p. The HAC1i cDNA was cloned into pGAPZB and then inserted with HIS4 gene from pAO815 to construct the vector pGAPZB/Hac1p/HIS4. For co-expression of Hac1p, the two plasmids pPIC3.5K/Hac1p and pGAPZB/Hac1p/HIS4 were transformed into P. pastoris harboring the CBS gene. The rCBS was assessed based on chitosanase activity and analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The enhanced Kar2p was detected with western blotting to evaluate UPR. RESULTS Hac1p co-expression with PAOX1 enhanced rCBS secretion by 41% at 28°C. Although the level of UPR resulted from Hac1p co-expression with PAOX1 was equivalent to that with PGAP in terms of the quantity of Kar2p (a hallmark of the UPR), substitution of PGAP for PAOX1 further increased rCBS production by 21%. The methanol-utilizing phenotype of P. pastoris did not affect rCBS secretion with co-expression of Hac1p or not. Finally, Hac1p co-expression with PAOX1 or PGAP promoted rCBS secretion from 22 to 30°C and raised the optimum induction temperature. CONCLUSION The study indicated that Hac1p co-expression with PAOX1 or PGAP is an effective strategy to trigger UPR of P. pastoris and a feasible means for improving production of rCBS therein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghai Han
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang. China
| | - Weixian Wang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang. China
| | - Xun Gong
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang. China
| | - Jianli Zhou
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang. China
| | - Cunbin Xu
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang. China
| | - Yinfeng Li
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang. China
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10
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Wang Y, Luo X, Zhao Y, Ye X, Yang F, Li Z, Huang Y, Fang X, Huan M, Li D, Cui Z. Integrated Strategies for Enhancing the Expression of the AqCoA Chitosanase in Pichia pastoris by Combined Optimization of Molecular Chaperones Combinations and Copy Numbers via a Novel Plasmid pMC-GAP. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:4035-4051. [PMID: 34553325 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03668-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In our previous study, the chitosanase AqCoA and the chitooligosaccharides it produced were found to exhibit significant protective effects against fungal diseases. In this study, we enhanced the expression of AqCoA using the novel pMC-GAP that enables stable transformation of Escherichia coli, and built an integrated model based on the gene copy number, molecular chaperones, and protein production of AqCoA. In terms of gene dosage, the highest hydrolase activity was 0.32 U/ml in the strain with four copies, which was 1.78-fold higher than that of the strain with only one copy (0.18 U/ml). In addition, we found the chaperones such as PDI, ERO1, HAC1, YDJ1, SSE1, SSA4, and SSO2 improved protein expression. Furthermore, the PDI/ERO1, SSA4/SSE1, and YDJ1/SSO2 pairs synergistically increased the expression levels by 61%, 31%, and 42%, respectively. Finally, we investigated the combined effects of gene copy numbers and molecular chaperones on protein expression. The highest activity reached 2.32 U/ml in the strain with six integrated molecular chaperone expression cassettes and sixteen copies of the target gene, which was 13-fold higher than that of the control strain with only one copy (GAP-1AqCoA). Combined optimization of gene dosage and molecular chaperone combinations significantly increased the expression level of AqCoA, providing a powerful strategy to improve the expression of other heterologous proteins in P. pastoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Luo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xianfeng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhoukun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Fang
- Guangzhou Hanyun Parmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Minghui Huan
- Microbial Research Institute of Liaoning Province, Chaoyang, China
| | - Ding Li
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology &Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhongli Cui
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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Raschmanová H, Weninger A, Knejzlík Z, Melzoch K, Kovar K. Engineering of the unfolded protein response pathway in Pichia pastoris: enhancing production of secreted recombinant proteins. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:4397-4414. [PMID: 34037840 PMCID: PMC8195892 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11336-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Folding and processing of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are major impediments in the production and secretion of proteins from Pichia pastoris (Komagataella sp.). Overexpression of recombinant genes can overwhelm the innate secretory machinery of the P. pastoris cell, and incorrectly folded proteins may accumulate inside the ER. To restore proper protein folding, the cell naturally triggers an unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway, which upregulates the expression of genes coding for chaperones and other folding-assisting proteins (e.g., Kar2p, Pdi1, Ero1p) via the transcription activator Hac1p. Unfolded/misfolded proteins that cannot be repaired are degraded via the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway, which decreases productivity. Co-expression of selected UPR genes, along with the recombinant gene of interest, is a common approach to enhance the production of properly folded, secreted proteins. Such an approach, however, is not always successful and sometimes, protein productivity decreases because of an unbalanced UPR. This review summarizes successful chaperone co-expression strategies in P. pastoris that are specifically related to overproduction of foreign proteins and the UPR. In addition, it illustrates possible negative effects on the cell's physiology and productivity resulting from genetic engineering of the UPR pathway. We have focused on Pichia's potential for commercial production of valuable proteins and we aim to optimize molecular designs so that production strains can be tailored to suit a specific heterologous product. KEY POINTS: • Chaperones co-expressed with recombinant genes affect productivity in P. pastoris. • Enhanced UPR may impair strain physiology and promote protein degradation. • Gene copy number of the target gene and the chaperone determine the secretion rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Raschmanová
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW, Wädenswil, Switzerland.
| | - Astrid Weninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Zdeněk Knejzlík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Melzoch
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karin Kovar
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW, Wädenswil, Switzerland
- daspool Association, Wädenswil, Switzerland
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12
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Advances in Recombinant Lipases: Production, Engineering, Immobilization and Application in the Pharmaceutical Industry. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10091032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipases are one of the most used enzymes in the pharmaceutical industry due to their efficiency in organic syntheses, mainly in the production of enantiopure drugs. From an industrial viewpoint, the selection of an efficient expression system and host for recombinant lipase production is highly important. The most used hosts are Escherichia coli and Komagataella phaffii (previously known as Pichia pastoris) and less often reported Bacillus and Aspergillus strains. The use of efficient expression systems to overproduce homologous or heterologous lipases often require the use of strong promoters and the co-expression of chaperones. Protein engineering techniques, including rational design and directed evolution, are the most reported strategies for improving lipase characteristics. Additionally, lipases can be immobilized in different supports that enable improved properties and enzyme reuse. Here, we review approaches for strain and protein engineering, immobilization and the application of lipases in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Co-expression of Pseudomonas alcaligenes lipase and its specific foldase in Pichia pastoris by a dual expression cassette strategy. Protein Expr Purif 2020; 175:105721. [PMID: 32763465 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2020.105721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lipomax is a commercialized foldase-dependent Pseudomonas lipase that was previously expressed only in Pseudomonas strains. Here, using Pichia pastoris as the host, we report a new co-expression method that leads to the successful production of Lipomax. The active Lipomax is extracellularly co-expressed with its cognate foldase (LIM); and the purified enzyme mix has the optimum pH at pH 8.0 and an optimal temperature around 40 °C. N-glycosylation was observed for Pichia produced Lipomax, and its reduction was shown to increase the lipolytic activity. With different p-nitrophenyl esters as the substrates, the substrate profiling analyses further indicate that Lipomax prefers esters with middle-long chain fatty acids, showing the highest specific activity to p-nitrophenyl caprylate (C8). The extracellular co-expression of Lipomax and LIM in Pichia will not only increase our ability to investigate additional eukaryotic hosts for lipase expression, but also be of considerable value in analyzing other foldase-dependent lipases.
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Prattipati M, Ramakrishnan K, Sankaranarayanan M. Pichia pastoris Protein Disulfide Isomerase (PDI1) promoter for heterologous protein production and its sequence characterization. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 140:109633. [PMID: 32912692 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2020.109633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pichia pastoris (syn. Komagataella phaffii) expression system has been widely used in heterologous protein production. PDI1 is the structural gene for Protein Disulfide Isomerase (PDI) and one of the main proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It serves as a chaperone and helps in the formation, restoration and isomerization of disulfide bonds in nascent proteins. Overexpression of chaperone genes like PDI1, is one of the approaches to alleviate unfolded protein response (UPR) in multicopy clones of P. pastoris. However, it is not in a general scheme and these approaches are protein specific. The complete understanding of promoter region of PDI1 can give insights for better regulation of UPR. The aim of our work was to characterize promoter region of PDI1 gene and evaluate the possibility of their use for efficient expression of heterologous proteins. For this purpose, we used a reporter system based on the Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB) gene. The efficiency of PDI1 promoter was also compared with that of inducible promoter, AOX1, and the constitutive promoter, GAP, under different carbon sources like glucose, glycerol and methanol. The results appear that the PDI1 promoter may act as an UPR inducible promoter at high copy numbers of target gene. Therefore, we propose that the PDI1 promoter can be used for moderate expression of heterologous proteins in pathway engineering applications and also for overexpression of molecular chaperones.
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Van Tassel L, Moilanen A, Ruddock LW. Efficient production of wild-type lipase B from Candida antarctica in the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli. Protein Expr Purif 2020; 165:105498. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2019.105498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Huang J, Wang Q, Bu W, Chen L, Yang Z, Zheng W, Li Y, Li J. Different construction strategies affected on the physiology of Pichia pastoris strains highly expressed lipase by transcriptional analysis of key genes. Bioengineered 2019; 10:150-161. [PMID: 31079540 PMCID: PMC6527059 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2019.1614422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated previously that expression of Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) in Pichia pastoris could be significantly increased by addition of gene propeptide, optimized signal peptide codons and manipulation of gene dosage. In this study, effects of various strategies on the protein synthesis and secretion pathways were analyzed. Using nine strains previously constructed, we evaluated cell culture properties, enzymatic activities, and analyzed transcriptional levels of nine genes involved in protein synthesis and secretion pathways by qPCR. We observed that (i) Addition of propeptide decreased lipase folding stress by down-regulated four UPR-related genes. (ii) Signal peptide codons optimization had no effect on host with no change in the nine detected genes. (iii) Folding stress and limited transport capacity produced when rml gene dosage exceed 2. Different limiting factors on lipase expression in strains with different construction strategies were identified. This study provides a theoretical basis for further improving RML by transforming host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Huang
- a Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences , Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , P. R. China.,b State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology , College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- b State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology , College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University , Beijing , P. R. China.,c School of Life Sciences , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Wei Bu
- a Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences , Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , P. R. China
| | - Lingxiao Chen
- a Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences , Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , P. R. China
| | - Zhen Yang
- b State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology , College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Weifa Zheng
- a Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences , Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- b State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology , College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Jilun Li
- b State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology , College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University , Beijing , P. R. China
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Burgard J, Grünwald-Gruber C, Altmann F, Zanghellini J, Valli M, Mattanovich D, Gasser B. The secretome of Pichia pastoris in fed-batch cultivations is largely independent of the carbon source but changes quantitatively over cultivation time. Microb Biotechnol 2019; 13:479-494. [PMID: 31692260 PMCID: PMC7017826 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The quantitative changes of the secretome of recombinant Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii) CBS7435 over the time-course of methanol- or glucose-limited fed-batch cultures were investigated by LC-ESI-MS/MS to define the carbon source-specific secretomes under controlled bioreactor conditions. In both set-ups, no indication for elevated cell lysis was found. The quantitative data revealed that intact and viable P. pastoris cells secrete only a low number of endogenous proteins (in total 51), even during high cell density cultivation. Interestingly, no marked differences in the functional composition of the P. pastoris secretome between methanol- and glucose-grown cultures were observed with only few proteins being specifically affected by the carbon source. The 'core secretome' of 22 proteins present in all analysed carbon sources (glycerol, glucose and methanol) consists mainly of cell wall proteins. The quantitative analysis additionally revealed that most secretome proteins were already present after the batch phase, and depletion rather than accumulation occurred during the fed-batch processes. Among the changes over cultivation time, the depletion of both the extracellularly detected chaperones and the only two identified proteases (Pep4 and Yps1-1) during the methanol- or glucose-feed phase appear as most prominent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Burgard
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib), Vienna, Austria.,Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Grünwald-Gruber
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib), Vienna, Austria.,Department of Chemistry, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Friedrich Altmann
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib), Vienna, Austria.,Department of Chemistry, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jürgen Zanghellini
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib), Vienna, Austria.,Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Biotech University of Applied Sciences, Tulln, Austria
| | - Minoska Valli
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib), Vienna, Austria.,Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Diethard Mattanovich
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib), Vienna, Austria.,Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Brigitte Gasser
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib), Vienna, Austria.,Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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18
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Li D, Wu J, Chen J, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Qiao X, Yu X, Zheng Q, Hou J. Optimized expression of classical swine fever virus E2 protein via combined strategy in Pichia pastoris. Protein Expr Purif 2019; 167:105527. [PMID: 31678666 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2019.105527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Precaution of classical swine fever (CSF) is an important mission for the worldwide swine industry. Glycoprotein E2 is the leading antigen candidate for subunit vaccine of classical swine fever virus (CSFV). In this study, two Spy-tagged E2 genes were synthesized in vitro and subcloned into pMCO-AOX vector for intracellular expression in Pichia pastoris after methanol induction. Western blot analysis and semi-quantitative analysis showed that the yield of recombinant E2 protein was improved 17.87 folds by using co-translocational signal peptide cSIG. After the construction of the tandem multiple copy expression vectors, further increase of E2 production was observed by repetitive transforming expression vectors into P. pastoris genome. Finally, the yeast transformants harboring 8 or 16 copies of cSIG-E2-Spy increased the E2 expression level by 27.01-fold or 30.72-fold, respectively. These results demonstrate that utilizing co-translocational signal peptide together with multi-copy integration strategy can increase the production of recombinant E2 protein efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Li
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Junchen Wu
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanpeng Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xuwen Qiao
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xiaoming Yu
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Qisheng Zheng
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Jibo Hou
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China.
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19
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Yu Y, Liu Z, Chen M, Yang M, Li L, Mou H. Enhancing the expression of recombinant κ-carrageenase in Pichia pastoris using dual promoters, co-expressing chaperones and transcription factors. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2019.1655001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhemin Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Meng Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Haijin Mou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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Marsalek L, Puxbaum V, Buchetics M, Mattanovich D, Gasser B. Disruption of vacuolar protein sorting components of the HOPS complex leads to enhanced secretion of recombinant proteins in Pichia pastoris. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:119. [PMID: 31269943 PMCID: PMC6607557 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1155-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The yeast Pichia pastoris is a widely used host for the secretion of heterologous proteins. Despite being an efficient producer, we observed previously that certain recombinant proteins were mistargeted to the vacuole on their route to secretion. Simultaneous disruption of one vacuolar sorting pathway together with vacuolar proteases prevented this mis-sorting and resulted in higher levels of secreted heterologous protein. Inspired by the positive results, we now set out to investigate the influence of further parts of the vacuolar pathway, namely the Cvt-pathway and the homotypic fusion and protein sorting (HOPS) complex. Results Strains impaired in the Cvt pathway (∆atg11, ∆atg8) had no effect on secretion of the model protein carboxylesterase (CES), but resulted in lower secretion levels of the antibody fragment HyHEL-Fab. Disruption of genes involved in the HOPS complex led to vacuole-like compartments of the B category of vps mutants, which are characteristic for the deleted genes YPT7, VPS41 and VAM6. In particular ∆ypt7 and ∆vam6 strains showed an improvement in secreting the model proteins HyHEL-Fab and CES. Additional disruption of the vacuolar protease Pep4 and the potential protease Vps70 led to even further enhanced secretion in ∆ypt7 and ∆vam6 strains. Nevertheless, intracellular product accumulation was still observed. Therefore, the secretory route was strengthened by overexpression of early or late secretory genes in the vacuolar sorting mutants. Thereby, overexpression of Sbh1, a subunit of the ER translocation pore, significantly increased HyHEL-Fab secretion, leading up to fourfold higher extracellular Fab levels in the ∆ypt7 strain. The beneficial impact on protein secretion and the suitability of these strains for industrial applicability was confirmed in fed-batch cultivations. Conclusions Disruption of genes involved in the HOPS complex, especially YPT7, has a great influence on the secretion of the two different model proteins HyHEL-Fab and CES. Therefore, disruption of HOPS genes shows a high potential to increase secretion of other recombinant proteins as well. Secretion of HyHEL-Fab was further enhanced when overexpressing secretion enhancing factors. As the positive effect was also present in fed-batch cultivations, these modifications likely have promising industrial relevance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-019-1155-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Marsalek
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH), Muthgasse 11, 1190, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Puxbaum
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH), Muthgasse 11, 1190, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Buchetics
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH), Muthgasse 11, 1190, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria.,BHAK/BHAS Stegersbach, Kirchengasse 44, 7551, Stegersbach, Austria
| | - Diethard Mattanovich
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH), Muthgasse 11, 1190, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Brigitte Gasser
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH), Muthgasse 11, 1190, Vienna, Austria. .,Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
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21
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Chen JJ, Liang X, Wang F, Wen YH, Chen TJ, Liu WC, Gong T, Yang JL, Zhu P. Combinatorial mutation on the β-glycosidase specific to 7- β-xylosyltaxanes and increasing the mutated enzyme production by engineering the recombinant yeast. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:626-638. [PMID: 31193781 PMCID: PMC6542770 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Taxol is a “blockbuster” antitumor drug produced by Taxus species with extremely low amount, while its analogue 7-β-xylosyl-10-deacetyltaxol is generally much higher in the plants. Both the fungal enzymes LXYL-P1−1 and LXYL-P1−2 can convert 7-β-xylosyl-10-deacetyltaxol into 10-deacetyltaxol for Taxol semi-synthesis. Of them, LXYL-P1−2 is twice more active than LXYL-P1−1, but there are only 11 significantly different amino acids in terms of the polarity and acidic-basic properties between them. In this study, single and multiple site-directed mutations at the 11 sites from LXYL-P1−1 to LXYL-P1−2 were performed to define the amino acids with upward bias in activities and to acquire variants with improved catalytic properties. Among all the 17 mutants, E12 (A72T/V91S) was the most active and even displayed 2.8- and 3-fold higher than LXYL-P1−2 on β-xylosidase and β-glucosidase activities. The possible mechanism for such improvement was proposed by homology modeling and molecular docking between E12 and 7-β-xylosyl-10-deacetyltaxol. The recombinant yeast GS115-P1E12-7 was constructed by introducing variant E12, the molecular chaperone gene pdi and the bacterial hemoglobin gene vhb. This engineered yeast rendered 4 times higher biomass enzyme activity than GS115-3.5K-P1−2 that had been used for demo-scale fermentation. Thus, GS115-P1E12-7 becomes a promising candidate to replace GS115-3.5K-P1−2 for industrial purpose.
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Raschmanová H, Zamora I, Borčinová M, Meier P, Weninger A, Mächler D, Glieder A, Melzoch K, Knejzlík Z, Kovar K. Single-Cell Approach to Monitor the Unfolded Protein Response During Biotechnological Processes With Pichia pastoris. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:335. [PMID: 30873140 PMCID: PMC6404689 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pichia pastoris (Komagataella sp.) is broadly used for the production of secreted recombinant proteins. Due to the high rate of protein production, incorrectly folded proteins may accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). To restore their proper folding, the cell triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR); however, if the proteins cannot be repaired, they are degraded, which impairs process productivity. Moreover, a non-producing/non-secreting subpopulation of cells might occur, which also decreases overall productivity. Therefore, an in depth understanding of intracellular protein fluxes and population heterogeneity is needed to improve productivity. Under industrially relevant cultivation conditions in bioreactors, we cultured P. pastoris strains producing three different recombinant proteins: penicillin G acylase from Escherichia coli (EcPGA), lipase B from Candida antarctica (CaLB) and xylanase A from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TlXynA). Extracellular and intracellular product concentrations were determined, along with flow cytometry-based single-cell measurements of cell viability and the up-regulation of UPR. The cell population was distributed into four clusters, two of which were viable cells with no UPR up-regulation, differing in cell size and complexity. The other two clusters were cells with impaired viability, and cells with up-regulated UPR. Over the time course of cultivation, the distribution of the population into these four clusters changed. After 30 h of production, 60% of the cells producing EcPGA, which accumulated in the cells (50-70% of the product), had up-regulated UPR, but only 13% of the cells had impaired viability. A higher proportion of cells with decreased viability was observed in strains producing CaLB (20%) and TlXynA (27%). The proportion of cells with up-regulated UPR in CaLB-producing (35%) and TlXynA-producing (30%) strains was lower in comparison to the EcPGA-producing strain, and a smaller proportion of CaLB and TlXynA (<10%) accumulated in the cells. These data provide an insight into the development of heterogeneity in a recombinant P. pastoris population during a biotechnological process. A deeper understanding of the relationship between protein production/secretion and the regulation of the UPR might be utilized in bioprocess control and optimization with respect to secretion and population heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Raschmanová
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czechia.,Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Iwo Zamora
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Martina Borčinová
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW, Wädenswil, Switzerland.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Patrick Meier
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Astrid Weninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Dominik Mächler
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Anton Glieder
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Karel Melzoch
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Zdeněk Knejzlík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Karin Kovar
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW, Wädenswil, Switzerland
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Lu J, Liang W, Wei K, Li J, Li J, Wang J, Gao W. Induction of signal molecules and expression of functional genes after Pichia pastoris stimulation in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch adventitious roots. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12798. [PMID: 31353580 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch is threatened by over-development and consumption, and therefore, in urgent need of protection. Elicitation is considered to be an effective strategy to enhance the secondary metabolites in plant cell and organ cultures. Secondary metabolite, signal molecules, and gene expression in adventitious roots were studied by HPLC-ESI-MSn , commercially available kits and qRT-PCR method, respectively. In the present study, with the addition of linolenic acid, linoleic acid, and Pichia pastoris, the highest concentration of metabolites was achieved by P. pastoris treatment. The contents of total flavonoids (7.16 mg/g) and polysaccharide (149.76 mg/g) peaked at 100 mg/L of P. pastoris, which increased by 3.09-fold and 3.28-fold compared with the control, respectively. However, the highest concentration of glycyrrhizic acid (0.62 mg/g) and glycyrrhetinic acid (0.29 mg/g) were obtained in 200 mg/L of P. pastoris and which were 3.89-fold and 2.42-fold more than the control group, respectively. ESI-MSn analysis indicated that licoricesaponine B2, licoricesapoine G2, licoricesaponine J2, ononin, uralenin, gancaonin C were only identified in the P. pastoris treatment group. Furthermore, P. pastoris also enhanced accumulation of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, nitric oxide and activities of antioxidant enzymes involved in the plant defense response. In addition, the transcriptional activity of genes involved in glycyrrhizic acid biosynthesis was significantly increased under the treatment of P. pastoris. The results provided a scientific evidence for the further exploitation of G. uralensis adventitious roots and clinical medication. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This study provided an effective strategy to enhance metabolites by Pichia pastoris treatment in adventitious roots of G. uralensis. The data provide a scientific evidence for the further exploitation of G. uralensis adventitious roots and clinical medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxia Liang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunhua Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Conservation and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianli Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Wang J, Wu Z, Zhang T, Wang Y, Yang B. High-level expression of Thermomyces dupontii thermophilic lipase in Pichia pastoris via combined strategies. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:62. [PMID: 30729086 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1597-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a combined strategy was used to improve the production of Thermomyces dupontii lipase (TDL) in Pichia pastoris. First, the native gene of TDL was optimized based on the codon usage of P. pastoris, ligated to pPICZαA and transformed in P. pastoris X33. A recombinant strain designated X33-T23 with the highest activity (1020 U/mL in shake flasks) amongst 216 recombinant colonies was selected for further investigations. To further increase the production of TDL, nine different secretion helper factor genes were transformed in the recombinant strain, X33-T23. The recombinant strain co-expression with the gene encoding protein disulfide isomerase, designated X33-T23-PDI, exhibited the highest activity in shake flasks (1760 U/mL) and in 5 L bioreactor (57521 U/mL) which were 1.67- and 1.46-fold higher, respectively, than for strain X33-T23. Additionally, the optimization of the inducers (temperature and pH) for the recombinant strain X33-T23-PDI in 5 L bioreactor produced, as expected, much higher lipase activity (81203 U/mL). The results of this study will provide an effective method to produce TDL and give some clues on how to improve production of heterologous proteins in P. pastoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Wang
- 1School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Zongze Wu
- 1School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- 1School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- 2School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Yang
- 1School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 People's Republic of China
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25
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Roth G, Vanz AL, Lünsdorf H, Nimtz M, Rinas U. Fate of the UPR marker protein Kar2/Bip and autophagic processes in fed-batch cultures of secretory insulin precursor producing Pichia pastoris. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:123. [PMID: 30092809 PMCID: PMC6083527 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-0970-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Secretory recombinant protein production with Pichia (syn. Komagataella) pastoris is commonly associated with the induction of an unfolded protein response (UPR) usually apparent through increased intracellular levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident chaperones such as Kar2/Bip. During methanol-induced secretory production of an insulin precursor (IP) under industrially relevant fed-batch conditions the initially high level of intracellular Kar2/Bip after batch growth on glycerol unexpectedly declined in the following methanol fed-batch phase misleadingly suggesting that IP production had a low impact on UPR activation. Results Analysis of the protein production independent level of Kar2/Bip revealed that high Kar2/Bip levels were reached in the exponential growth phase of glycerol batch cultures followed by a strong decline of Kar2/Bip during entry into stationary phase. Ultra-structural cell morphology studies revealed autophagic processes (e.g. ER phagy) at the end of the glycerol batch phase most likely responsible for the degradation of ER resident chaperones such as Kar2/Bip. The pre-induction level of Kar2/Bip did not affect the IP secretion efficiency in the subsequent methanol-induced IP production phase. During growth on methanol intracellular Kar2/Bip levels declined in IP producing and non-producing host cells. However, extracellular accumulation of Kar2/Bip was observed in IP-producing cultures but not in non-producing controls. Most importantly, the majority of the extracellular Kar2/Bip accumulated in the culture supernatant of IP producing cells as truncated protein (approx. 35 kDa). Conclusions Rapid growth leads to higher basal levels of the major UPR marker protein Kar2/Bip independent of recombinant protein production. Entry into stationary phase or slower growth on poorer substrate, e.g. methanol, leads to a lower basal Kar2/Bip level. Methanol-induced secretory IP production elicits a strong UPR activation which counteracts the reduced UPR during slow growth on methanol. The major ER chaperone Kar2/Bip is found together with recombinant IP in the culture medium where full-length Kar2/Bip accumulates in addition to large amounts of truncated Kar2/Bip. Thus, for judging UPR activating properties of the produced protein it is important to additionally analyze the medium not only for intact Kar2/Bip but also for truncated versions of this UPR reporter protein. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-018-0970-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Roth
- Technical Chemistry-Life Science, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ana Letícia Vanz
- Technical Chemistry-Life Science, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lünsdorf
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Manfred Nimtz
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Ursula Rinas
- Technical Chemistry-Life Science, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany. .,Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Brunswick, Germany.
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26
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Engineering folding mechanism through Hsp70 and Hsp40 chaperones for enhancing the production of recombinant human interferon gamma (rhIFN-γ) in Pichia pastoris cell factory. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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27
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Valero F. Recent Advances in Pichia pastoris as Host for Heterologous Expression System for Lipases: A Review. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1835:205-216. [PMID: 30109654 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8672-9_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The production of heterologous lipases is one of the most promising strategies to increase the productivity of the bioprocesses and to reduce costs, with the final objective that more industrial lipase applications could be implemented.In this chapter, an overview of the new success in synthetic biology, with traditional molecular genetic techniques and bioprocess engineering in the last 5 years in the cell factory Pichia pastoris, the most promising host system for heterologous lipase production, is presented.The goals get on heterologous Candida antarctica, Rhizopus oryzae, and Candida rugosa lipases, three of the most common lipases used in biocatalysis, are showed. Finally, new cell factories producing heterologous lipases are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Valero
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental. EE, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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28
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Yu XW, Sun WH, Wang YZ, Xu Y. Identification of novel factors enhancing recombinant protein production in multi-copy Komagataella phaffii based on transcriptomic analysis of overexpression effects. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16249. [PMID: 29176680 PMCID: PMC5701153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16577-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The methylotrophic yeast Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris) has been developed into a highly successful system for heterologous protein expression in both academia and industry. However, overexpression of recombinant protein often leads to severe burden on the physiology of K. phaffii and triggers cellular stress. To elucidate the global effect of protein overexpression, we set out to analyze the differential transcriptome of recombinant strains with 12 copies and a single copy of phospholipase A2 gene (PLA2) from Streptomyces violaceoruber. Through GO, KEGG and heat map analysis of significantly differentially expressed genes, the results indicated that the 12-copy strain suffered heavy cellular stress. The genes involved in protein processing and stress response were significantly upregulated due to the burden of protein folding and secretion, while the genes in ribosome and DNA replication were significantly downregulated possibly contributing to the reduced cell growth rate under protein overexpression stress. Three most upregulated heat shock response genes (CPR6, FES1, and STI1) were co-overexpressed in K. phaffii and proved their positive effect on the secretion of reporter enzymes (PLA2 and prolyl endopeptidase) by increasing the production up to 1.41-fold, providing novel helper factors for rational engineering of K. phaffii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P.R. China.
| | - Wei-Hong Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Zheng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P.R. China.
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29
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Vieira SM, da Rocha SLG, Neves-Ferreira AGDC, Almeida RV, Perales J. Heterologous expression of the antimyotoxic protein DM64 in Pichia pastoris. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005829. [PMID: 28759578 PMCID: PMC5552330 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Snakebite envenomation is a neglected condition that constitutes a public health problem in tropical and subtropical countries, including Brazil. Interestingly, some animals are resistant to snake envenomation due to the presence of inhibitory glycoproteins in their serum that target toxic venom components. DM64 is an acidic glycoprotein isolated from Didelphis aurita (opossum) serum that has been characterized as an inhibitor of the myotoxicity induced by bothropic toxins bearing phospholipase A2 (PLA2) structures. This antitoxic protein can serve as an excellent starting template for the design of novel therapeutics against snakebite envenomation, particularly venom-induced local tissue damage. Therefore, the aim of this work was to produce a recombinant DM64 (rDM64) in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris and to compare its biological properties with those of native DM64. Yeast fermentation in the presence of Pefabloc, a serine protease inhibitor, stimulated cell growth (~1.5-fold), increased the rDM64 production yield approximately 10-fold and significantly reduced the susceptibility of rDM64 to proteolytic degradation. P. pastoris fermentation products were identified by mass spectrometry and Western blotting. The heterologous protein was efficiently purified from the culture medium by affinity chromatography (with immobilized PLA2 myotoxin) and/or an ion exchange column. Although both native and recombinant DM64 exhibit different glycosylation patterns, they show very similar electrophoretic mobilities after PNGase F treatment. rDM64 formed a noncovalent complex with myotoxin II (Lys49-PLA2) from Bothrops asper and displayed biological activity that was similar to that of native DM64, inhibiting the cytotoxicity of myotoxin II by 92% at a 1:1 molar ratio. Snakebite envenomation causes medical emergencies that, depending on the species responsible for the bite, involve different organs and tissues. Envenomation by snakebite is a worldwide problem, and Brazil presents a high incidence of Bothrops bites. Bothrops venoms cause pathological alterations with prominent local effects, such as edema, blistering, hemorrhage, dermonecrosis and myonecrosis, usually followed by poor tissue regeneration and permanent sequelae. Bleeding, coagulopathy, cardiovascular shock and renal failure are typical systemic effects of these venoms. The clinical treatment for snakebite envenoming is intravenous administration of the specific antivenom. However, serotherapy does not efficiently protect against local tissue damage. Additional challenges faced by classical antivenom therapy include the wide antigenic variation of venoms across species and even within the same snake species and the frequent occurrence of adverse reactions that are associated with the administration of immunobiologicals. The development of new effective toxin inhibitors based on the structure of natural antiophidic proteins is an attractive therapeutic alternative. DM64 is a myotoxin inhibitor that was isolated from opossum serum, and its expression as a recombinant protein is paramount to the characterization of its structure-function relationship, an essential step toward the development of alternative strategies to better manage bothropic snakebite envenomations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saulo Martins Vieira
- Laboratory of Toxinology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Toxins (INCTTOX), CNPq, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Surza Lucia Gonçalves da Rocha
- Laboratory of Toxinology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Toxins (INCTTOX), CNPq, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Ana Gisele da Costa Neves-Ferreira
- Laboratory of Toxinology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Toxins (INCTTOX), CNPq, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- * E-mail: (JP); (AGCNF)
| | - Rodrigo Volcan Almeida
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Proteins, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jonas Perales
- Laboratory of Toxinology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Toxins (INCTTOX), CNPq, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- * E-mail: (JP); (AGCNF)
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30
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Jayachandran C, Palanisamy Athiyaman B, Sankaranarayanan M. Cofactor engineering improved CALB production in Pichia pastoris through heterologous expression of NADH oxidase and adenylate kinase. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181370. [PMID: 28715469 PMCID: PMC5513558 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The cofactor engineering strategy can relieve the metabolic stress induced by expression of recombinant protein in cellular metabolism related to cofactor and energy reactions. To study the effect of cofactor regeneration on recombinant protein expression, NADH oxidase (noxE) was engineered in P. pastoris expressing lipase B (GSCALB). Expression of noxE in P. pastoris (GSCALBNOX) increased NAD+ levels by 85% with a concomitant reduction in NADH/NAD+ ratio of 67% compared to GSCALB. The change in the redox level positively influenced the methanol uptake rate and made 34% augment in CALB activity. The decline in NADH level (44%) by noxE expression had lowered the adenylate energy charge (AEC) and ATP level in GSCALBNOX. In order to regenerate ATP in GSCALBNOX, adenylate kinase (ADK1) gene from S. cerevisiae S288c was co-expressed. Expression of ADK1 showed a remarkable increase in AEC and co-expression of both the genes synergistically improved CALB activity. This study shows the importance of maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis and adenylate energy charge during recombinant CALB expression in P. pastoris.
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31
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32
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Mattanovich D, Sauer M, Gasser B. Industrial Microorganisms: Pichia pastoris. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527807796.ch19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diethard Mattanovich
- BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences; Department of Biotechnology; Muthgasse 18 1190 Vienna Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH); Muthgasse 18 1190 Vienna Austria
| | - Michael Sauer
- BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences; Department of Biotechnology; Muthgasse 18 1190 Vienna Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH); Muthgasse 18 1190 Vienna Austria
- BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences; CD-Laboratory for Biotechnology of Glycerol; Muthgasse 18 1190 Vienna Austria
| | - Brigitte Gasser
- BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences; Department of Biotechnology; Muthgasse 18 1190 Vienna Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH); Muthgasse 18 1190 Vienna Austria
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33
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Heterologous production of an acidic thermostable lipase with broad-range pH activity from thermophilic fungus Neosartorya fischeri P1. J Biosci Bioeng 2016; 122:539-544. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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34
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Vanz AL, Nimtz M, Rinas U. Decrease of UPR- and ERAD-related proteins in Pichia pastoris during methanol-induced secretory insulin precursor production in controlled fed-batch cultures. Microb Cell Fact 2014; 13:23. [PMID: 24521445 PMCID: PMC3930904 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-13-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pichia pastoris is a popular yeast preferably employed for secretory protein production. Secretion is not always efficient and endoplasmic retention of proteins with aberrant folding properties, or when produced at exaggerated rates, can occur. In these cases production usually leads to an unfolded protein response (UPR) and the induction of the endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation (ERAD). P. pastoris is nowadays also an established host for secretory insulin precursor (IP) production, though little is known about the impact of IP production on the host cell physiology, in particular under industrially relevant production conditions. Here, we evaluate the cellular response to aox1 promoter-controlled, secretory IP production in controlled fed-batch processes using a proteome profiling approach. Results Cells were first grown in a batch procedure using a defined medium with a high glycerol concentration. After glycerol depletion IP production was initiated by methanol addition which was kept constant through continuous methanol feeding. The most prominent changes of the intracellular proteome after the onset of methanol feeding were related to the enzymes of central carbon metabolism. In particular, the enzymes of the methanol dissimilatory pathway - virtually absent in the glycerol batch phase - dominated the proteome during the methanol fed-batch phase. Unexpectedly, a strong decrease of UPR and ERAD related proteins was also observed during methanol-induced IP production. Compared to non-producing control strains grown under identical conditions the UPR down-regulation was less pronounced indicating that IP production elicits a detectable but non prominent UPR response which is repressed by the general culture condition-dependent UPR down-regulation after the shift from glycerol to methanol. Conclusions The passage of IP through the secretory pathway using an optimized IP vector and growing the strain at fed-batch conditions with a high initial glycerol concentration does not impose a significant burden on the secretory machinery even under conditions leading to an extracellular accumulation of ~ 3 g L-1 IP. The glycerol batch pre-induction culture conditions are associated with a high constitutive - recombinant protein production independent - induction of the UPR and ERAD pathways probably preconditioning the cells for effective IP secretion in the methanol fed-batch phase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ursula Rinas
- Leibniz University of Hannover, Technical Chemistry - Life Science, Callinstr, 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
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35
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Huili W, Xiaokai Z, Meili L, Dahlgren RA, Wei C, Jaiopeng Z, Chengyang X, Chunlei J, Yi X, Xuedong W, Li D, Qiyu B. Proteomic analysis and qRT-PCR verification of temperature response to Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83485. [PMID: 24349519 PMCID: PMC3861494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis (ASP) is a representative filamentous, non-N2-fixing cyanobacterium that has great potential to enhance the food supply and possesses several valuable physiological features. ASP tolerates high and low temperatures along with highly alkaline and salty environments, and can strongly resist oxidation and irradiation. Based on genomic sequencing of ASP, we compared the protein expression profiles of this organism under different temperature conditions (15°C, 35°Cand 45°C) using 2-DE and peptide mass fingerprinting techniques. A total of 122 proteins having a significant differential expression response to temperature were retrieved. Of the positively expressed proteins, the homologies of 116 ASP proteins were found in Arthrospira (81 proteins in Arthrospira platensis str. Paraca and 35 in Arthrospira maxima CS-328). The other 6 proteins have high homology with other microorganisms. We classified the 122 differentially expressed positive proteins into 14 functions using the COG database, and characterized their respective KEGG metabolism pathways. The results demonstrated that these differentially expressed proteins are mainly involved in post-translational modification (protein turnover, chaperones), energy metabolism (photosynthesis, respiratory electron transport), translation (ribosomal structure and biogenesis) and carbohydrate transport and metabolism. Others proteins were related to amino acid transport and metabolism, cell envelope biogenesis, coenzyme metabolism and signal transduction mechanisms. Results implied that these proteins can perform predictable roles in rendering ASP resistance against low and high temperatures. Subsequently, we determined the transcription level of 38 genes in vivo in response to temperature and identified them by qRT-PCR. We found that the 26 differentially expressed proteins, representing 68.4% of the total target genes, maintained consistency between transcription and translation levels. The remaining 12 genes showed inconsistent protein expression with transcription level and accounted for 31.6% of the total target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Huili
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhao Xiaokai
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lin Meili
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Randy A. Dahlgren
- Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Chen Wei
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhou Jaiopeng
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xu Chengyang
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jin Chunlei
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xu Yi
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wang Xuedong
- School of Environmental Sciences and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- * E-mail: (BQ); (WX)
| | - Ding Li
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bao Qiyu
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- * E-mail: (BQ); (WX)
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