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Zeng C, Wan SR, Guo M, Tan XZ, Zeng Y, Wu Q, Xie JJ, Yan P, Long Y, Zheng L, Jiang ZZ, Teng FY, Xu Y. Fecal virome transplantation: A promising strategy for the treatment of metabolic diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117065. [PMID: 38971010 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases are a group of disorders caused by metabolic abnormalities, including obesity, diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and more. Increasing research indicates that, beyond inherent metabolic irregularities, the onset and progression of metabolic diseases are closely linked to alterations in the gut microbiota, particularly gut bacteria. Additionally, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has demonstrated effectiveness in clinically treating metabolic diseases, notably diabetes. Recent attention has also focused on the role of gut viruses in disease onset. This review first introduces the characteristics and influencing factors of gut viruses, then summarizes their potential mechanisms in disease development, highlighting their impact on gut bacteria and regulation of host immunity. We also compare FMT, fecal filtrate transplantation (FFT), washed microbiota transplantation (WMT), and fecal virome transplantation (FVT). Finally, we review the current understanding of gut viruses in metabolic diseases and the application of FVT in treating these conditions. In conclusion, FVT may provide a novel and promising treatment approach for metabolic diseases, warranting further validation through basic and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Cooperation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Sheng-Rong Wan
- Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Cooperation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Man Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Cooperation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Tan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Cooperation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Cooperation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Cooperation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China; Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jia-Jie Xie
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Cooperation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Pijun Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Cooperation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yang Long
- Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Cooperation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Lemin Zheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zong-Zhe Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Cooperation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Cooperation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Cooperation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
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Górski A, Międzybrodzki R, Jończyk-Matysiak E, Kniotek M, Letkiewicz S. Therapeutic Phages as Modulators of the Immune Response: Practical Implications. Clin Infect Dis 2023; 77:S433-S439. [PMID: 37932118 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
While the medical community awaits formal proof of the efficacy of phage therapy, as is required by evidence-based medicine, existing data suggest that phages could also be applied based on their non-antibacterial action, especially phage-mediated immunomodulation. Promising avenues have been revealed by findings indicating that phages may mediate diverse actions in the immune system, while the list of phages able to dampen the aberrant immunity associated with a variety of disorders continuously grows. Here we summarize what is known in this field and possible options for the future. While available data are still scarce and preliminary, it appears that "phage repurposing" is worthy of more research, which could reveal new perspectives on applying phage therapy in contemporary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Górski
- Bacteriophage Laboratory, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences (HIIET PAS), Wrocław, Poland
- Phage Therapy Unit, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences (HIIET PAS), Wrocław, Poland
- Clinic of Immunology, Transplantology, and Internal Medicine, Infant Jesus Hospital, The Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ryszard Międzybrodzki
- Bacteriophage Laboratory, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences (HIIET PAS), Wrocław, Poland
- Phage Therapy Unit, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences (HIIET PAS), Wrocław, Poland
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Jończyk-Matysiak
- Bacteriophage Laboratory, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences (HIIET PAS), Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monika Kniotek
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Letkiewicz
- Phage Therapy Unit, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences (HIIET PAS), Wrocław, Poland
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Długosz University, Częstochowa, Poland
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Ge H, Ye L, Cai Y, Guo H, Gu D, Xu Z, Hu M, Allison HE, Jiao X, Chen X. Efficient screening of adsorbed receptors for Salmonella phage LP31 and identification of receptor-binding protein. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0260423. [PMID: 37728369 PMCID: PMC10581130 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02604-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The adsorption process is the first step in the lifecycle of phages and plays a decisive role in the entire infection process. Identifying the adsorption mechanism of phages not only makes phage therapy more precise and efficient but also enables the exploration of other potential applications and modifications of phages. Phage LP31 can lyse multiple Salmonella serotypes, efficiently clearing biofilms formed by Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) and significantly reducing the concentration of S. Enteritidis in chicken feces. Therefore, LP31 has great potential for many practical applications. In this study, we established an efficient screening method for phage infection-related genes and identified a total of 10 genes related to the adsorption process of phage LP31. After the construction of strain C50041ΔrfaL 58-358, it was found that the knockout strain had a rough phenotype as an O-antigen-deficient strain. Adsorption rate and transmission electron microscopy experiments showed that the receptor for phage LP31 was the O9 antigen of S. Enteritidis. Homology comparison and adsorption experiments confirmed that the tail fiber protein Lp35 of phage LP31 participated in the adsorption process as a receptor-binding protein. IMPORTANCE A full understanding of the interaction between phages and their receptors can help with the development of phage-related products. Phages like LP31 with the tail fiber protein Lp35, or a closely related protein, have been reported to effectively recognize and infect multiple Salmonella serotypes. However, the role of these proteins in phage infection has not been previously described. In this study, we established an efficient screening method to detect phage adsorption to host receptors. We found that phage LP31 can utilize its tail fiber protein Lp35 to adsorb to the O9 antigen of S. Enteritidis, initiating the infection process. This study provides a great model system for further studies of how a phage-encoded receptor-binding protein (RBP) interacts with its host's RBP binding target, and this new model offers opportunities for further theoretical and experimental studies to understand the infection mechanism of phages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ling Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yueyi Cai
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Huimin Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dan Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhengzhong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Maozhi Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Heather E. Allison
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Xin'an Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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4
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Xu Z, Ding Z, Shi L, Xie Y, Zhang Y, Sao S, Wang Q, Liu Q. Design combinations of evolved phage and antibiotic for antibacterial guided by analyzing the phage resistance of poorly antimicrobial phage. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0095823. [PMID: 37707457 PMCID: PMC10580904 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00958-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although antibiotics are the primary method against bacterial infections, the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance has forced interest in alternative antimicrobial strategies. Phage has been considered a new biological antimicrobial agent due to its high effectiveness in treating bacterial infections. However, the applications of phage therapy have been limited by the quick development of phage-resistant bacteria. Therefore, more effective phage treatment strategies need to be explored guided by characterizing phage-resistant mutants. In this study, Pseudomonas plecoglossicida phage vB_PpS_SYP was isolated from the sewage but exhibited weak antibacterial activity caused by phage-resistant bacteria. Phage-resistant mutants were isolated and their whole genomes were analyzed for differences. The results showed that mutations in glycosyltransferase family 1 (GT-1) and hypothetical outer membrane protein (homP) led to bacterial phage resistance. The GT-1 mutants had lower biofilm biomass and higher antibiotic sensitivity than wild-type strain. Phage SYP evolved a broader host range and improved antimicrobial efficacy to infect homP mutants. Therefore, we designed a strategy for combined antibiotic and evolved phage inhibition driven by the two phage-resistant mutants. The results showed that the combination was more effective against bacteria than either antibiotics or phage alone. Our findings presented a novel approach to utilizing poorly antimicrobial phages by characterizing their phage-resistant mutants, with the potential to be expanded to include phage therapy for a variety of pathogens. IMPORTANCE The rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance renews interest in phage therapy. However, the lack of efficient phages against bacteria and the emergence of phage resistance impaired the efficiency of phage therapy. In this study, the isolated Pseudomonas plecoglossicida phage exhibited poor antibacterial capacity and was not available for phage therapy. Analysis of phage-resistant mutants guided the design of antibacterial strategies for the combination of antibiotics with evolved phages. The combination has a good antibacterial effect compared to the original phage. Our findings facilitate ideas for the development of antimicrobial-incapable phage, which have the potential to be applied to the phage treatment of other pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhe Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zihan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijia Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - YuZhen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanxing Zhang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Sao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, China
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Disarm The Bacteria: What Temperate Phages Can Do. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1149-1167. [PMID: 36826021 PMCID: PMC9955262 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the field of phage applications and clinical treatment, virulent phages have been in the spotlight whereas temperate phages received, relatively speaking, less attention. The fact that temperate phages often carry virulent or drug-resistant genes is a constant concern and drawback in temperate phage applications. However, temperate phages also play a role in bacterial regulation. This review elucidates the biological properties of temperate phages based on their life cycle and introduces the latest work on temperate phage applications, such as on host virulence reduction, biofilm degradation, genetic engineering and phage display. The versatile use of temperate phages coupled with their inherent properties, such as economy, ready accessibility, wide variety and host specificity, make temperate phages a solid candidate in tackling bacterial infections.
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Brown TL, Charity OJ, Adriaenssens EM. Ecological and functional roles of bacteriophages in contrasting environments: marine, terrestrial and human gut. Curr Opin Microbiol 2022; 70:102229. [PMID: 36347213 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2022.102229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
While they are the most abundant biological entities on the planet, the role of bacteriophages (phages) in the microbiome remains enigmatic and understudied. With a rise in the number of metagenomics studies and the publication of highly efficient phage mining programmes, we now have extensive data on the genomic and taxonomic diversity of (mainly) DNA bacteriophages in a wide range of environments. In addition, the higher throughput and quality of sequencing is allowing for strain-level reconstructions of phage genomes from metagenomes. These factors will ultimately help us to understand the role these phages play as part of specific microbial communities, enabling the tracking of individual virus genomes through space and time. Using lessons learned from the latest metagenomic studies, we focus on two explicit aspects of the role bacteriophages play within the microbiome, their ecological role in structuring bacterial populations, and their contribution to microbiome functioning by encoding auxiliary metabolism genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teagan L Brown
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
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Sukjoi C, Buddhasiri S, Tantibhadrasapa A, Kaewsakhorn T, Phothaworn P, Nale JY, Lopez-Garcia AV, AbuOun M, Anjum MF, Malik DJ, Galyov EE, Clokie MRJ, Korbsrisate S, Thiennimitr P. Therapeutic effects of oral administration of lytic Salmonella phages in a mouse model of non-typhoidal salmonellosis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:955136. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.955136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute non-typhoidal salmonellosis (NTS) caused by a Gram-negative bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Tm) is one of the most common bacterial foodborne diseases worldwide. Bacteriophages (phages) can specifically target and lyse their host bacteria, including the multidrug-resistant strains, without collateral damage to other bacteria in the community. However, the therapeutic use of Salmonella phages in vivo is still poorly investigated. Salmonella phages ST-W77 and SE-W109 have previously been shown by our group to be useful for biocontrol properties. Here, we tested whether phages ST-W77 and SE-W109 can reduce Salmonella invasion into cultured human cells and confer a therapeutic benefit for acute NTS in a mammalian host. Human colonocytes, T84 cells, were treated with phages ST-W77, SE-W109, and its combination for 5 min before S. Tm infection. Gentamicin protection assays demonstrated that ST-W77 and SE-W109 significantly reduced S. Tm invasion and inflammatory response in human colonocytes. Next, streptomycin-pretreated mice were orally infected with S. Tm (108 CFU/mouse) and treated with a single or a combination of ST-W77 and SE-W109 (1010 PFU/mouse for 4 days) by oral feeding. Our data showed that phage-treated mice had lower S. Tm numbers and tissue inflammation compared to the untreated mice. Our study also revealed that ST-W77 and SE-W109 persist in the mouse gut lumen, but not in systemic sites. Together, these data suggested that Salmonella phages ST-W77 and SE-W109 could be further developed as an alternative approach for treating an acute NTS in mammalian hosts.
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Ji L, Lin X, Yuan K, Li Y, Leghari A, Yuan B, Lin H. The recombinant swinepox virus expressing sseB could provide piglets with strong protection against Salmonella typhimurium challenge. Microb Pathog 2022; 172:105801. [PMID: 36170951 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella spp. poses a great threat to the livestock, food safety and public health. A recombinant swinepox virus expressing a protective antigen sseB was constructed by homologous recombination to develop a vaccine against Salmonella infection. The rSPV-sseB was verified using PCR, Western blot and indirect immunofluorescence assay. The immune responses and protective efficacy of rSPV-sseB were assessed in piglets. Forty piglets were immunized with rSPV-sseB, inactive Salmonella vaccine, wild-type SPV (wtSPV), or PBS. The results showed that the level of the sseB-specific antibody of the rSPV-sseB-vaccinated piglets was significantly higher at all time points post-vaccination than those of the inactivated Salmonella vaccine (P < 0.05), wtSPV (P < 0.001) or mock treated piglets (P < 0.001). The IL-4 and IFN-γ in the rSPV-sseB group were significantly higher than the other three groups at all post-infection time points. rSPV-sseB provided piglets with strong protection against the challenge of S. typhimurium with lethal dose. These results suggest the possibility of using recombinant swinepox virus rSPV-sseB as a promising vaccine to prevent Salmonella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ji
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xisha Lin
- School of Biological Science and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou, 239000, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Kenan Yuan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yue Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ambreen Leghari
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Sakrand, Sindh, 67210, Pakistan
| | - Bingbing Yuan
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Huixing Lin
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Żaczek M, Górski A, Weber-Dąbrowska B, Letkiewicz S, Fortuna W, Rogóż P, Pasternak E, Międzybrodzki R. A Thorough Synthesis of Phage Therapy Unit Activity in Poland-Its History, Milestones and International Recognition. Viruses 2022; 14:1170. [PMID: 35746642 PMCID: PMC9227841 DOI: 10.3390/v14061170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The year 2020 marked 15 years of the Phage Therapy Unit in Poland, the inception of which took place just one year after Poland's accession to the European Union (2004). At first sight, it is hard to find any connection between these two events, but in fact joining the European Union entailed the need to adapt the regulatory provisions concerning experimental treatment in humans to those that were in force in the European Union. These changes were a solid foundation for the first phage therapy center in the European Union to start its activity. As the number of centers conducting phage therapy in Europe and in the world constantly and rapidly grows, we want to grasp the opportunity to take a closer look at the over 15-year operation of our site by analyzing its origins, legal aspects at the local and international levels and the impressive number and diversity of cases that have been investigated and treated during this time. This article is a continuation of our work published in 2020 summarizing a 100-year history of the development of phage research in Poland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Żaczek
- Bacteriophage Laboratory, Department of Phage Therapy, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (A.G.); (B.W.-D.); (E.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Andrzej Górski
- Bacteriophage Laboratory, Department of Phage Therapy, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (A.G.); (B.W.-D.); (E.P.); (R.M.)
- Phage Therapy Unit, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (S.L.); (W.F.); (P.R.)
- Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Weber-Dąbrowska
- Bacteriophage Laboratory, Department of Phage Therapy, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (A.G.); (B.W.-D.); (E.P.); (R.M.)
- Phage Therapy Unit, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (S.L.); (W.F.); (P.R.)
| | - Sławomir Letkiewicz
- Phage Therapy Unit, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (S.L.); (W.F.); (P.R.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Wojciech Fortuna
- Phage Therapy Unit, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (S.L.); (W.F.); (P.R.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paweł Rogóż
- Phage Therapy Unit, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (S.L.); (W.F.); (P.R.)
| | - Edyta Pasternak
- Bacteriophage Laboratory, Department of Phage Therapy, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (A.G.); (B.W.-D.); (E.P.); (R.M.)
- Bioethics Committee, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ryszard Międzybrodzki
- Bacteriophage Laboratory, Department of Phage Therapy, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (A.G.); (B.W.-D.); (E.P.); (R.M.)
- Phage Therapy Unit, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (S.L.); (W.F.); (P.R.)
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland
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