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Deng YJ, Chen Z, Chen YP, Wang JP, Xiao RF, Wang X, Liu B, Chen MC, He J. Lipopeptide C 17 Fengycin B Exhibits a Novel Antifungal Mechanism by Triggering Metacaspase-Dependent Apoptosis in Fusarium oxysporum. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:7943-7953. [PMID: 38529919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium wilt is a worldwide soil-borne fungal disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum that causes serious damage to agricultural products. Therefore, preventing and treating fusarium wilt is of great significance. In this study, we purified ten single lipopeptide fengycin components from Bacillus subtilis FAJT-4 and found that C17 fengycin B inhibited the growth of F. oxysporum FJAT-31362. We observed early apoptosis hallmarks, including reactive oxygen species accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and phosphatidylserine externalization in C17 fengycin B-treated F. oxysporum cells. Further data showed that C17 fengycin B induces cell apoptosis in a metacaspase-dependent manner. Importantly, we found that the expression of autophagy-related genes in the TOR signaling pathway was significantly upregulated; simultaneously, the accumulation of acidic autophagy vacuoles in F. oxysporum cell indicated that the autophagy pathway was activated during apoptosis induced by C17 fengycin B. Therefore, this study provides new insights into the antifungal mechanism of fengycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Deng
- Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology & Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China
| | - Yan-Ping Chen
- Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China
| | - Jie-Ping Wang
- Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China
| | - Rong-Feng Xiao
- Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China
| | - Xun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology & Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China
| | - Mei-Chun Chen
- Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China
| | - Jin He
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology & Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, China
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Sreelakshmi KP, Madhuri M, Swetha R, Rangarajan V, Roy U. Microbial lipopeptides: their pharmaceutical and biotechnological potential, applications, and way forward. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:135. [PMID: 38489053 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
As lead molecules, cyclic lipopeptides with antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties have garnered a lot of attention in recent years. Because of their potential, cyclic lipopeptides have earned recognition as a significant class of antimicrobial compounds with applications in pharmacology and biotechnology. These lipopeptides, often with biosurfactant properties, are amphiphilic, consisting of a hydrophilic moiety, like a carboxyl group, peptide backbone, or carbohydrates, and a hydrophobic moiety, mostly a fatty acid. Besides, several lipopeptides also have cationic groups that play an important role in biological activities. Antimicrobial lipopeptides can be considered as possible substitutes for antibiotics that are conventional to address the current drug-resistant issues as pharmaceutical industries modify the parent antibiotic molecules to render them more effective against antibiotic-resistant bacteria and fungi, leading to the development of more resistant microbial strains. Bacillus species produce lipopeptides, which are secondary metabolites that are amphiphilic and are typically synthesized by non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs). They have been identified as potential biocontrol agents as they exhibit a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. A further benefit of lipopeptides is that they can be produced and purified biotechnologically or biochemically in a sustainable manner using readily available, affordable, renewable sources without harming the environment. In this review, we discuss the biochemical and functional characterization of antifungal lipopeptides, as well as their various modes of action, method of production and purification (in brief), and potential applications as novel antibiotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Sreelakshmi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-KK Birla Goa Campus Goa, NH 17 B Bypass Rd., Goa, 403726, India
| | - M Madhuri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-KK Birla Goa Campus Goa, NH 17 B Bypass Rd., Goa, 403726, India
| | - R Swetha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-KK Birla Goa Campus Goa, NH 17 B Bypass Rd., Goa, 403726, India
| | - Vivek Rangarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-KK Birla Goa Campus Goa, NH 17 B Bypass Rd., Goa, 403726, India
| | - Utpal Roy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-KK Birla Goa Campus Goa, NH 17 B Bypass Rd., Goa, 403726, India.
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Saiyam D, Dubey A, Malla MA, Kumar A. Lipopeptides from Bacillus: unveiling biotechnological prospects-sources, properties, and diverse applications. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:281-295. [PMID: 38216798 PMCID: PMC10920585 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01228-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacillus sp. has proven to be a goldmine of diverse bioactive lipopeptides, finding wide-range of industrial applications. This review highlights the importance of three major families of lipopeptides (iturin, fengycin, and surfactin) produced by Bacillus sp. and their diverse activities against plant pathogens. This review also emphasizes the role of non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) as significant enzymes responsible for synthesizing these lipopeptides, contributing to their peptide diversity. Literature showed that these lipopeptides exhibit potent antifungal activity against various plant pathogens and highlight their specific mechanisms, such as siderophore activity, pore-forming properties, biofilm inhibition, and dislodging activity. The novelty of this review comes from its comprehensive coverage of Bacillus sp. lipopeptides, their production, classification, mechanisms of action, and potential applications in plant protection. It also emphasizes the importance of ongoing research for developing new and enhanced antimicrobial agents. Furthermore, this review article highlights the need for future research to improve the production efficiency of these lipopeptides for commercial applications. It recognizes the potential for these lipopeptides to expand the field of biological pest management for both existing and emerging plant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Saiyam
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, 470003, MP, India
| | - Anamika Dubey
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, 470003, MP, India
| | - Muneer Ahmad Malla
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, 470003, MP, India
- Department of Zoology, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, 470003, MP, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, 470003, MP, India.
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad (A Central University), Prayagraj, 211002, UP, India.
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Yang P, Zeng Q, Jiang W, Wang L, Zhang J, Wang Z, Wang Q, Li Y. Genome Sequencing and Characterization of Bacillus velezensis N23 as Biocontrol Agent against Plant Pathogens. Microorganisms 2024; 12:294. [PMID: 38399699 PMCID: PMC10892835 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The overuse of chemical fungicides against fungal pathogens adversely affects soil and plant health, resulting in environmental problems and food safety. Therefore, biocontrol is considered as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective green technique in environmental protection and agricultural production. We obtained a bacterial strain N23 from a contaminated plate which showed significant inhibition to anthracnose. The strain N23 was identified as Bacillus velezensis based on 16S rRNA gene, gyrA gene, and whole-genome sequence. The bacterium N23 was able to suppress the mycelial growth of numerous plant pathogenic fungi on solid media. Tomato seeds treated with strain N23 showed significantly higher germination levels than untreated ones. Moreover, strain N23 effectively reduced the lesion area of pepper anthracnose disease in planta. The gene clusters responsible for antifungal metabolites (fengycin, surfactin, and iturin) were identified in the genome sequence of N23 based on genome mining and PCR. Furthermore, methanol extracts of the bacterial culture caused significant inhibition in growth of the fungal Colletotrichum sp. and Botrytis cinerea. These findings suggested that B. velezensis N23 could be a potential biocontrol agent in agricultural production and a source of antimicrobial compounds for further exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (P.Y.); (Q.Z.); (W.J.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.W.); (Q.W.)
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Sani A, Qin WQ, Li JY, Liu YF, Zhou L, Yang SZ, Mu BZ. Structural diversity and applications of lipopeptide biosurfactants as biocontrol agents against phytopathogens: A review. Microbiol Res 2024; 278:127518. [PMID: 37897841 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Amphipathic compounds known as biosurfactants are able to reduce surface and interfacial tensions. These substances produced by microbial organisms perform the same functions as chemical surfactants with several enhancements, the most significant of which is biocontrol activity. Lipopeptide is one of the five biosurfactants from natural resources and is identified as the best alternative for chemical surfactants and the major topic of interest for both scientific and industrial communities due to their increasingly growing potential applications in biological and commercial fields. These are the biological compounds with very less toxicity level that increase their importance in the pesticide industry. In this article we summarize the structural diversity of the microbial lipopeptide biosurfactants and focus on their applications as biocontrol agents in plants, covering (1) an intensive study of the structural diversity of lipopeptide biosurfactants originated primarily by the Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Cyanobacteria, and Actinomycetes species is presented, (2) the comparative study of advantages and disadvantages of characterization techniques and physicochemical properties which have a major role in biocontrol activity of microbial lipopeptides, and (3) their wide range biocontrol applications as systemic resistance inducers against different plant diseases, resistance against phytopathogens by alteration of wettability of plant surfaces and antimicrobial activities of important bioactive lipopeptides produced from Bacillus strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Sani
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Engineering Research Center for Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wan-Qi Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Engineering Research Center for Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Engineering Research Center for Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yi-Fan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Engineering Research Center for Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Engineering Research Center for Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shi-Zhong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Engineering Research Center for Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Bo-Zhong Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Engineering Research Center for Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Ke X, Wu Z, Liu Y, Liang Y, Du M, Li Y. Isolation, Antimicrobial Effect and Metabolite Analysis of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ZJLMBA1908 against Citrus Canker Caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2928. [PMID: 38138073 PMCID: PMC10746125 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus canker caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri is a devastating bacterial disease with severe implications for the citrus industry. Microorganisms possessing biocontrol capabilities against X. citri subsp. citri offer a highly promising strategy for healthy citrus management. In the present study, a broad-spectrum antagonist strain ZJLMBA1908 with potent antibacterial activity against X. citri subsp. citri was isolated from symptomatic lemon leaves, and identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Cell-free supernatant (CFS) of strain ZJLMBA1908 also exhibited remarkable antimicrobial activity, especially suppressing the growth of X. citri subsp. citri and Nigrospora oryzae, with inhibition rates of 27.71% and 63.75%, respectively. The antibacterial crude extract (CE) derived from the CFS displayed effective activity against X. citri subsp. citri. A preventive treatment using the CE significantly reduced the severity and incidence of citrus canker in a highly susceptible citrus host. Additionally, the CE maintained activity in the presence of protease and under a wide range of temperature and pH treatments. Applying high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to separate and purify the CE resulted in the discovery of one highly potent anti-X. citri subsp. citri subfraction, namely CE3, which could completely inhibit the growth of X. citri subsp. citri. Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) analysis revealed that CE3 mainly consisted of palmitic acid, surfactin C15, phytosphingosine and dihydrosphingosine. Taken together, the results contribute to the possible biocontrol mechanisms of B. amyloliquefaciens ZJLMBA1908, as well as providing a promising new candidate strain as a biological control agent for controlling citrus canker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ya Li
- College of Coastal Agricultural Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (X.K.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (M.D.)
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