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Fattahi N, Heidari R, Ghazanfaripoor B, Masoudipour E, Gharehdaghi J, Nejad KS. Standardization of the analytical procedure based on deep eutectic solvent for the extraction and measurement of tricyclic antidepressants drugs in post-mortem blood samples. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 238:115811. [PMID: 37879218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Measuring drugs in post-mortem blood samples is one of the most important challenges in forensic medicine. The development of sensitive analytical techniques for the measurement of drugs in biological samples is of great use in forensic medicine. In this research an easy, safe and environmental friendly vortex-assisted liquid phase microextraction (VA-LPME) based on deep eutectic solvent (DES) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV) was developed for the extraction, preconcentration and analysis of tricyclic antidepressants drugs (TCAs) in post-mortem blood samples. DES synthesized from thymol as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and ethylene glycol (EG) as hydrogen bond donor (HBD) with a molar ratio of 2:1 was used as an extractant. After adding DES to the sample solution, the resulting mixture was vortexed in order to increase the contact surface and increase the extraction efficiency. Next, phase separation was done using centrifugation. Some effective parameters on the extraction were studied and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, intra- and inter-day %RSDs of the method based on 7 replicate measurements of 100 μg L-1 of TCAs in blood samples were in the range of 2.4-5.1 and 3.7-6.8 %, respectively. The analytical performance of the method showed linearity over the concentration of 3-500 μg L-1 with the detection limits ranging from 1.0-2.0 μg L-1. The trueness of the method was confirmed by spiking different concentrations of TCAs in real blood samples and obtaining relative recoveries in the range of 91.2-108 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazir Fattahi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Rohollah Heidari
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Behzad Ghazanfaripoor
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Elham Masoudipour
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Jaber Gharehdaghi
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Kambiz Soltani Nejad
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Sattari Dabbagh M, Farajzadeh MA, Pirmohamadlou A, Manafi Khoshmanesh S, Hamishehkar H. Polycarbonate-coated magnetic nanoparticles for the extraction of imipramine and its primary metabolite from urine. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300323. [PMID: 37691072 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
This study introduces a reliable and inexpensive magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction to extract imipramine and its primary metabolite (desipramine) from urine samples. To accomplish this aim, Fe3 O4 magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized by sonication, subsequently, polycarbonate was precipitated gradually onto the surface of them to form the adsorbent. Extraction recoveries of 85% and 76%, enrichment factors of 57 and 51, limits of detection of 2.5 and 2.8 μg/L, and limits of quantification of 8.3 and 9.3 μg/L were obtained for imipramine and desipramine under the optimal conditions, respectively. In addition, relative standard deviations for intra- (n = 6) and inter-day (n = 5) precisions at two concentrations (50 and 100 μg/L of each analyte) were less than or equal to 4%. Short extraction time, good repeatability, high enrichment factors, and simplicity are the main advantages of the proposed method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Sattari Dabbagh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mir Ali Farajzadeh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Engineering Faculty, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Alireza Pirmohamadlou
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Hamishehkar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Azooz EA, Al-Wani HSA, Gburi MS, Al-Muhanna EHB. Recent modified air-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction applications for medicines and organic compounds in various samples: A review. OPEN CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2022-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Air-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction (AALLME) is a procedure for sample preparation that has high recoveries and high preconcentration factors while using a small amount of extractants. This procedure has gained widespread acceptance among scientists due to a variety of advantages, including its easiness, being cheap, green, and available in most laboratories. The current review has focused on the analysis of medicines and organic compounds using various modes of AALLME. The use of various extractants and support factors were developed in many modes of AALLME. A review of literature revealed that the procedure is used as a powerful and efficient approach for extracting medicals and organic compounds. This review explained 12 different types of AALLME methods. The findings on the modifications of AALLME modes that have been published are summarized. Future directions are also being discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebaa Adnan Azooz
- Chemistry Department, The Gifted Students’ School in Al-Najaf, Ministry of Education , Al-Najaf , Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University , Najaf , Iraq
| | | | - Muna Shakir Gburi
- Chemistry Department, The Gifted Students’ School in Al-Najaf, Ministry of Education , Al-Najaf , Iraq
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Bozyiğit GD, Zaman BT, Özdemir OK, Kılınç Y, Chormey DS, Engin GO, Bakırdere S. Polystyrene‐Coated Magnetite Nanoparticles Based Dispersive Micro‐Solid Phase Extraction of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients of Antidepressant Drugs and Determination by GC‐MS. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gamze D. Bozyiğit
- Yıldız Technical University Faculty of Civil Engineering Department of Environmental Engineering 34220 İstanbul Turkey
| | - Buse T. Zaman
- Yıldız Technical University Faculty of Art and Science Department of Chemistry 34220 İstanbul Turkey
| | - Oğuz K. Özdemir
- Yıldız Technical University Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering 34220 İstanbul TURKEY
| | - Yağmur Kılınç
- Bülent Ecevit University Institute of Science Department of Environmental Engineer 67100 Zonguldak Turkey
| | - Dotse S. Chormey
- Yıldız Technical University Faculty of Art and Science Department of Chemistry 34220 İstanbul Turkey
- Innova Gold Group Merkez Mah. Ladin Sok. No:4/B001 Yenibosna Istanbul Turkey
| | - Güleda O. Engin
- Yıldız Technical University Faculty of Civil Engineering Department of Environmental Engineering 34220 İstanbul Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Yıldız Technical University Faculty of Art and Science Department of Chemistry 34220 İstanbul Turkey
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA) Vedat Dalokay Street, No: 112 06670 Çankaya Ankara Turkey
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5
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A comprehensive review on application of the syringe in liquid- and solid-phase microextraction methods. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-020-02025-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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6
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Mohebi A, Farajzadeh MA, Jouyban A, Nemati M, Afshar Mogaddam MR. Development of Sodium Sulfate Induced Water Based Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for the Extraction of Four Tricyclic Antidepressants in Urine Samples Prior to Their Determination by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.34172/ps.2020.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Because of the narrow therapeutic range of tricyclic antidepressant drugs, their determination in biological samples is of great importance. In this work, a fast and environment friendly sample pretreatment method based on a dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction was developed for the extraction and preconcentration of four tricyclic antidepressants including nortriptyline, amitriptyline, desipramine, and clomipramine in urine prior to their determinations by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Methods: In the suggested method, an appropriate mixture of Na2SO4 solution (as phase separation agent and disperser) containing isopropanol (extraction solvent) is rapidly injected into an alkaline aqueous sample solution containing Na2SO4 and the analytes. As a result, a cloudy mixture is formed and the tiny droplets of the extractant containing the extracted analytes are collected on the surface of the aqueous phase after centrifuging. Finally, an aliquot of the collected organic phase is removed and injected into the separation system for the quantitative analysis. Results: Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factors and extraction recoveries were in the ranges of 380–440 and 76–88%, respectively. The limits of detection and quantification were obtained in the ranges of 11–24, and 41–75 ng/L, respectively. The relative standard deviations of the proposed method were ≤ 6.1% for intra– (n=6) and inter–day (n=4) precisions at a concentration of 100 ng/L of each analyte. Conclusion: The introduced method was satisfactorily utilized for the simultaneous determination of the selected tricyclic antidepressant drugs in the patient’s urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohebi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mir Ali Farajzadeh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Engineering Faculty, Near East University, 99138, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Abolghasem Jouyban
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Pharmacy Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahboob Nemati
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Halal Research Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Afshar Mogaddam
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Manousi N, Samanidou VF. Recent Advances in the HPLC Analysis of Tricyclic Antidepressants in Bio-Samples. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:24-38. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666190617150518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
:
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) are a group of the main category of antidepressant drugs,
which are commonly prescribed to treat major depressive disorder. Determination of TCA drugs is
very important for clinical and forensic toxicology, especially for therapeutic drug monitoring in various
biofluids. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is a well-established technique for
this purpose. A lot of progress has been made in this field since the past 10 years. Novel extraction
techniques, and novel materials for sample preparation, novel columns and novel applications of analysis
of various biofluids for the determination of TCAs in combination with other drugs are some typical
examples. Moreover, advances have been performed in terms of Green Analytical Chemistry principles.
Herein, we aim to discuss the developed HPLC methods that were reported in the literature for
the time span of 2008-2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Manousi
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Victoria F. Samanidou
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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8
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Air–assisted liquid–liquid microextraction; principles and applications with analytical instruments. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Carabajal M, Teglia CM, Cerutti S, Culzoni MJ, Goicoechea HC. Applications of liquid-phase microextraction procedures to complex samples assisted by response surface methodology for optimization. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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10
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Li G, Row KH. Utilization of deep eutectic solvents in dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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11
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Applications of Gas Chromatography for the Analysis of Tricyclic Antidepressants in Biological Matrices. SEPARATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/separations6020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tricyclic antidepressant drugs (TCAs) are a main category of antidepressants, which are until today widely used for the treatment of psychological disorders due to their low cost and their high efficiency. Therefore, there is a great demand for method development for the determination of TCAs in biofluids, especially for therapeutic drug monitoring. Gas chromatography (GC) was the first chromatographic technique implemented for this purpose. With the recent development in the field of sample preparation, many novel GC applications have been developed. Herein, we aim to report the recent application of GC for the determination of tricyclic antidepressants in biofluids. Emphasis is given to novel extraction techniques and novel materials used for sample preparation.
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12
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Applications and opportunities of experimental design for the dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method – A review. Talanta 2018; 190:335-356. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Safari M, Shahlaei M, Yamini Y, Shakorian M, Arkan E. Magnetic framework composite as sorbent for magnetic solid phase extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography for simultaneous extraction and determination of tricyclic antidepressants. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1034:204-213. [PMID: 30193635 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, magnetic framework composites (MFCs) (Fe3O4@TMU-10) microspheres were successfully fabricated and applied as an effective sorbent for preconcentration of the two model tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) amitriptyline and imipramine from biological samples. MFCs were fabricated by a step-by-step assembly, novel, simple and efficient strategy. The shell thickness of the Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) could also be easily controlled by tuning the number of assembly cycles. By coupling magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) with high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detector (HPLC-UV), a simple, reliable, fast, sensitive and cost-effective method for simultaneous determination of TCAs was developed. Under optimal conditions, the preconcentration factors and relative recoveries of the studied compounds were obtained in the range of 43-50 and 90.5-99.0% respectively. The calibration curves were obtained in the range of 5-800 μg L-1 with reasonable linearity (R2 > 0.9904) and the limits of detection (LODs) ranged between 2 and 4 μg L-1 (based on S/N = 3). The relative standard deviations of intra- and inter-day tests ranged from 3.1 to 4.6% and from 4.3 to 5.2%, respectively. The results demonstrate that Fe3O4@TMU-10 core-shell magnetic microspheres combine advantages of MOFs and magnetic nanoparticles, and are the promising sorbents for rapid and efficient extraction of target analytes from urine and plasma complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Safari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohsen Shahlaei
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
| | - Yadollah Yamini
- Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrzad Shakorian
- Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Arkan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Sereshti H, Khorram P, Nouri N. Recent trends in replacement of disperser solvent in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction methods. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2018.1460851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Sereshti
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Khorram
- Department of Quality Management Systems and Inspection, Standard Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
| | - Nina Nouri
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Mirparizi E, Rajabi M, Asghari A. Simple determination of some antidementia drugs in wastewater and human plasma samples by tandem dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:2214-2220. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maryam Rajabi
- Department of Chemistry; Semnan University; Semnan Iran
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Ferrone V, Cotellese R, Carlucci M, Di Marco L, Carlucci G. Air assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with solidification of the floating organic droplets (AA-DLLME-SFO) and UHPLC-PDA method: Application to antibiotics analysis in human plasma of hospital acquired pneumonia patients. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 151:266-273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Rocha BA, de Oliveira ARM, Barbosa F. A fast and simple air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction procedure for the simultaneous determination of bisphenols, parabens, benzophenones, triclosan, and triclocarban in human urine by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2018; 183:94-101. [PMID: 29567194 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The increasing awareness and public concern with hazard exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals calls for methods capable to handle numerous samples in short analysis time. In this present study, a novel method combining air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was developed and validated for the extraction, preconcentration, and determination of 7 bisphenols (bisphenol A, bisphenol S, bisphenol AP, bisphenol P, bisphenol F, bisphenol AF, bisphenol Z), 7 parabens (methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl-, benzyl-paraben, methyl-protocatechuic acid, and ethyl-protocatechuic acid), 5 benzophenones (benzophenone-1, benzophenone-2, benzophenone-3, benzophenone-8, and 4-hydroxybenzophenone), and two antimicrobials (triclosan and triclocarban) in human urine samples. Type and volume of solvent, extraction time (cycles), pH sample, ionic strength, agitation, and needle dimensions were evaluated. The matrix-matched calibration curves of all analytes were linear with correlation coefficients higher than 0.99 in the range level of 1.0-20.0 ng mL-1. The relative standard deviation, precision, at three concentrations (1.0, 10.0 and 20.0 ng mL-1) was lower than 15% with accuracy ranging from 90% to 114%. The biomonitoring capability of the new proposed method was confirmed with the analysis of 50 human urine samples randomly collected from Brazilian children. High urinary concentrations of several EDCs associated with usage of personal care products were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Alves Rocha
- Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14049-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson Rodrigo Moraes de Oliveira
- Departmento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14049-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14049-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Moghadam AG, Rajabi M, Asghari A. Efficient and relatively safe emulsification microextraction using a deep eutectic solvent for influential enrichment of trace main anti-depressant drugs from complicated samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1072:50-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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Khazaeli E, Haddadi H, Zargar B, Hatamie A, Semnani A. Ni(II) analysis in food and environmental samples by liquid-liquid microextraction combined with electro-thermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Microchem J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2017.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Asghari A, Khanalipoor F, Barfi B, Rajabi M. Optimized miniaturized air-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction for determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in bio-fluid samples. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra18795a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A miniaturized air-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction method was developed for the simultaneous extraction of amlodipine, atorvastatin, and ibuprofen in some human bio-fluid samples prior to their determination using HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Behruz Barfi
- Department of Chemistry
- Semnan University
- Semnan 35195-363
| | - Maryam Rajabi
- Department of Chemistry
- Semnan University
- Semnan 35195-363
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