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Chen H, Tang Z, Yang Y, Hao Y, Chen W. Recent Advances in Photoswitchable Fluorescent and Colorimetric Probes. Molecules 2024; 29:2521. [PMID: 38893396 PMCID: PMC11173890 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, significant advancements have been made in the research of photoswitchable probes. These probes undergo reversible structural and electronic changes upon light exposure, thus exhibiting vast potential in molecular detection, biological imaging, material science, and information storage. Through precisely engineered molecular structures, the photoswitchable probes can toggle between "on" and "off" states at specific wavelengths, enabling highly sensitive and selective detection of targeted analytes. This review systematically presents photoswitchable fluorescent and colorimetric probes built on various molecular photoswitches, primarily focusing on the types involving photoswitching in their detection and/or signal response processes. It begins with an analysis of various molecular photoswitches, including their photophysical properties, photoisomerization and photochromic mechanisms, and fundamental design concepts for constructing photoswitchable probes. The article then elaborates on the applications of these probes in detecting diverse targets, including cations, anions, small molecules, and biomacromolecules. Finally, it offers perspectives on the current state and future development of photoswitchable probes. This review aims to provide a clear introduction for researchers in the field and guidance for the design and application of new, efficient fluorescent and colorimetric probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China; (H.C.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Zilong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China; (H.C.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yewen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China; (H.C.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yuanqiang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China; (H.C.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Wansong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410017, China
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Ruan M, Zhang B, Wang J, Fan G, Lu X, Zhang J, Zhao W. A resorufin-based fluorescent probe for hydrazine detection and its application in environmental analysis and bioimaging. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:6412-6416. [PMID: 37965731 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01629c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Hydrazine (N2H4) is an important industrial raw material that has been widely used in industrial production and agricultural interventions, but its widespread application also inevitably causes environmental pollution. In this study, based on resorufin, we constructed a novel "turn-on" fluorescent probe RFT for the selective detection of hydrazine under complex environmental conditions and in vivo. The probe RFT exhibited excellent stability and selectivity towards the detection of hydrazine with a low detection limit of 260 nM. In addition, RFT was successfully applied to the detection of hydrazine in environmental water samples and living cells. Most importantly, RFT could not only detect the exogenous hydrazine in zebrafish and mice, but also image and visualize the up-regulation of endogenous hydrazine induced by isoniazid in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Ruan
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China.
| | - Jiamin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China.
| | - Guanwen Fan
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoyan Lu
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China.
| | - Weili Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China.
- School of Pharmacy, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
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Luo L, Cheng J, Chen S, Zhang P, Chen S, Tang Z, Zeng R, Xu M, Hao Y. A near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent probe for hydrazine and its application for gaseous sensing and cell imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 296:122692. [PMID: 37023655 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Hydrazine (N2H4) is a widely used raw material in the chemical industry, but at the same time hydrazine has extremely high toxicity. Therefore, the development of efficient detection methods is crucial for monitoring hydrazine in the environment and evaluating the biological toxicity of hydrazine. This study reports a near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent probe (DCPBCl2-Hz) for the detection of hydrazine by coupling a chlorine-substituted D-π-A fluorophore (DCPBCl2) to the recognition group acetyl. Due to the halogen effect of chlorine substitution, the fluorophore has an elevated fluorescence efficiency and a lowered pKa value and is suitable for physiological pH conditions. Hydrazine can specifically react with the acetyl group of the fluorescent probe to release the fluorophore DCPBCl2, so the fluorescence emission of the probe system significantly shifted from 490 nm to 660 nm. The fluorescent probe has many advantages, such as good selectivity, high sensitivity, large Stokes shift, and wide applicable pH range. The probe-loaded silica plates can realize convenient sensing gaseous hydrazine with content down to 1 ppm (mg/m3). Subsequently, DCPBCl2-Hz was successfully applied to detect hydrazine in soils. In addition, the probe can also penetrate living cells and allow the visualization of intracellular hydrazine. It can be anticipated that probe DCPBCl2-Hz will be a useful tool for sensing hydrazine in biological and environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Luo
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Jiayuan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China.
| | - Peisheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Song Chen
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Zilong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Rongjin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Maotian Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Yuanqiang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China.
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Valand RS, Sivaiah A. Recent progress in the development of small-molecule fluorescent probes for detection and imaging of selenocysteine and application in thyroid disease diagnosis. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:2614-2630. [PMID: 36877143 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00035d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Selenocysteine (SeCys) is the 21st genetically encoded amino acid present in proteins and is involved in various biological functions. Inappropriate levels of SeCys can be considered as a sign of various diseases. Therefore, small molecular fluorescent probes for the detection and imaging of SeCys in vivo in biological systems are considered to be of significant interest for understanding the physiological role of SeCys. Thus, this article mainly provides a critical evaluation of recent advances made in SeCys detection along with the biomedical applications based on small molecular fluorescent probes published in the literature during the past half a dozen years. Therefore, the article primarily deals with the rational design of fluorescent probes, wherein these were selective towards SeCys over other biologically abundant molecules, in particular the thiol-based ones. The detection has been monitored by different spectral techniques, such as fluorescence and absorption spectroscopy and in some cases even visual color changes. Further, the detection mechanism and the utility of fluorescent probes for in vitro and in vivo cell imaging applications are addressed. For clarity, the main features have been conveniently divided into four categories based on the chemical reactions of the probe, viz., in terms of the cleavage of the responsive group by the SeCys nucleophile: (i) 2,4-dinitrobene sulphonamide group, (ii) 2,4-dinitrobenesulfonate ester group, (iii) 2,4-dinitrobenzeneoxy group and (iv) miscellaneous types. Overall this article deals with the analysis of more than two dozen fluorescent probes demonstrated for selective detection of SeCys along with their applications towards disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinkumar Sunilbhai Valand
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat, Surat-Dumas road, Surat-395007, Gujarat, India.
| | - Areti Sivaiah
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat, Surat-Dumas road, Surat-395007, Gujarat, India.
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Olenin AY, Yagov VV. Using the Turn-On Fluorescence Effect in Chemical and Biochemical Analysis. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934822090088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zheng D, Zhang T, Huang Y, Chen H, Li Y, Cao Z, Deng Y, Fang Y, Peng C. Phenoxazine-conjugated-benzoeindolium as a novel mitochondria-targeted fluorescent probe for turn-on detection of sulfur dioxide and its derivatives in vivo. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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