1
|
Mostafa A. Insights into the sustainability of liquid chromatographic methods for favipiravir bioanalysis: a comparative study. RSC Adv 2024; 14:19658-19679. [PMID: 38899032 PMCID: PMC11185049 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03017f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The introduction of favipiravir as a broad-spectrum antiviral agent, particularly in treating influenza and exploring its potential against COVID-19, emphasizes the necessity for efficient analytical methods. Liquid chromatography has emerged as a commonly utilized technique for quantifying favipiravir in biological fluids. However, the environmental and health concerns linked to classical analytical methods mean a transition toward green analytical chemistry is required. This study investigates the environmental impact of 19 liquid chromatographic methods utilized in the bioanalysis of favipiravir. Recognizing the importance of eco-friendly practices in pharmaceutical analysis, the study employs three widely accepted greenness assessment tools: Analytical Eco-Scale (AES), Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI), and Analytical Greenness Calculator (AGREE). Moreover, it incorporates a comprehensive evaluation on a global scale utilizing the whiteness assessment tool Red-Green-Blue 12 (RGB 12). The comprehensive evaluation aims to extend beyond traditional validation criteria and considerations of green chemistry, providing insights into the development of practically efficient, eco-friendly and economical analytical methods for favipiravir determination. This study emphasizes the necessity of planning for the environmental impact and overall sustainability of analytical methods before laboratory trials. Additionally, the integration of greenness/whiteness evaluation in method validation protocols is strongly advocated, emphasizing the importance of critical and global evaluations in analytical chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Eastern Province Saudi Arabia (+966) 56 262 3776
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Martínez-Pérez-Cejuela H, Gionfriddo E. Evolution of Green Sample Preparation: Fostering a Sustainable Tomorrow in Analytical Sciences. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7840-7863. [PMID: 38687329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- H Martínez-Pérez-Cejuela
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - E Gionfriddo
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Branković M. Green chemical analysis: main principles and current efforts towards greener analytical methodologies. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023. [PMID: 38047714 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01644g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Green chemistry, green analytical chemistry and green sample preparation are related areas that have been developing since the 90s, aiming to moderate the adverse impacts of chemical practices on the environment and human health. Presently, a set of green principles has been established, which is a collection of rules that need to be followed to perform chemical practices with a lower negative impact on the environment. Herein, we comprehensively review green chemical analysis by combining historical aspects and ongoing efforts of green analytical methodologies. Through four systematically designed chapters, information is presented on the aspects of green analytical chemistry, including its fundamentals, metrics, modern strategies and future trends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milica Branković
- University of Nis, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Visegradska 33, 18 000 Nis, Serbia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang M, Zhao L, Niu Y, Qin S, Zhang L, Jia L, Jing X. Magnetic deep eutectic solvent-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of strobilurin fungicides in water, juice, and vinegar by high-performance liquid chromatography. Food Chem X 2023; 18:100711. [PMID: 37397198 PMCID: PMC10314157 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a magnetic deep eutectic solvent coupled with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using high-performance liquid chromatography (MDES-DLLME-HPLC) was developed to detect strobilurin fungicides. The green hydrophobic MDES synthesized by methyltrioctylammonium chloride, ferric chloride, and heptanoic acid was used as an extraction solvent, which was dispersed by vortex and separated by an external magnetic field. The use of toxic solvents was avoided, and the separation time was reduced. The best experimental results were obtained through single factor and response surface optimization. The method had a good linear relationship with R2 > 0.996. The limit of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.001 to 0.002 mg L-1. The extraction recoveries were 81.9-108.9%. The proposed method was rapid and green, and it has been successfully applied to detection of strobilurin fungicides in water, juice, and vinegar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
- Graduate Education Innovation Center on Baijiu Bioengineering in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Luyao Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Yu Niu
- Agricultural Economics and Management College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Shu Qin
- Shanxi Center for Testing of Functional Agro-Products, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Liyan Jia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
- Graduate Education Innovation Center on Baijiu Bioengineering in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Xu Jing
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
- Graduate Education Innovation Center on Baijiu Bioengineering in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alqarni AM, Mostafa A, Shaaban H, Gomaa MS, Albashrayi D, Hasheeshi B, Bakhashwain N, Aseeri A, Alqarni A, Alamri AA, Alrofaidi MA. Development and optimization of natural deep eutectic solvent-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with UPLC-UV for simultaneous determination of parabens in personal care products: evaluation of the eco-friendliness level of the developed method. RSC Adv 2023; 13:13183-13194. [PMID: 37124025 PMCID: PMC10141287 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00769c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (UHPLC-DAD) method has been developed and validated for the determination of parabens in personal care products. In this study, a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) composed of menthol and formic acid at a molar ratio of 1 : 2 was prepared and used as an extraction solvent. The influencing variables on the extraction efficiency such as extraction solvent type and volume, composition of NADES, salt addition, vortex and centrifugation time were investigated. The proposed method exhibited good linearity with determination coefficients of ≥0.9992. The relative recoveries for the studied analytes ranged from 82.19 to 102.45%. Limits of detection and limits of quantification were in the range of 0.17-0.33 ng mL-1 and 0.51-0.99 ng mL-1, respectively. To evaluate the applicability of the developed method, it was successfully applied to determine four parabens in personal care products. Additionally, the eco-friendliness level of the presented method was evaluated using Eco-Scale Assessment, Green Analytical Procedure Index and Analytical GREEnness metric. The developed method is simple, environmentally friendly and cost effective and it could be employed for determination of parabens in personal care products without harming the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulmalik M Alqarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Shaaban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Gomaa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia
| | - Danyah Albashrayi
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia
| | - Batool Hasheeshi
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia
| | - Nujud Bakhashwain
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia
| | - Atheer Aseeri
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alqarni
- Medical Laboratory Department, National Guard Health Affairs AlAhsa Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulgani A Alamri
- Armed Forces Health Rehabilitation Center, Ministry of Defense for Health Services Taif Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A Alrofaidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Al Baha University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1988 Al-Baha Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
López-Ruiz I, Lasarte-Aragonés G, Lucena R, Cárdenas S. Deep eutectic solvent coated paper: Sustainable sorptive phase for sample preparation. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1698:464003. [PMID: 37094540 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based sorptive phases have gained attention recently due to the low-cost and sustainable character of the cellulosic substrate. However, the sustainability of the resulting phase can be limited by type of coating used for analytes isolation. In this article, this limitation is overcome by using deep eutectic solvents (DES) as coating. To this aim, a Thymol-Vanillin DES is synthesized and deposited on pre-cut cellulose paper strips. The paper-supported DES is employed as sorptive phase for the isolation of selected triazine herbicides for environmental waters analysis. The isolated analytes are finally determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using selected ion monitoring. The method is optimized according to the critical variables that potentially affect its analytical performance such as sample volume, extractant amount, extraction time and sample ionic strength. The method was characterized in terms of sensitivity, accuracy and precision and its applicability was evaluated for the analysis of real environmental water samples. Good linearity values (R2>0.995) were obtained for all the analytes. Limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.4 to 0.6 µg L-1 and the precision, expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD) was better than 14.7%. The relative recoveries, calculated in spiked well and river samples, were in the range 90-106%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada López-Ruiz
- Affordable and Sustainable Sample Preparation (AS2P) research group, Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente IQUEMA, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Marie Curie, Córdoba E-14071, Spain
| | - Guillermo Lasarte-Aragonés
- Affordable and Sustainable Sample Preparation (AS2P) research group, Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente IQUEMA, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Marie Curie, Córdoba E-14071, Spain.
| | - Rafael Lucena
- Affordable and Sustainable Sample Preparation (AS2P) research group, Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente IQUEMA, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Marie Curie, Córdoba E-14071, Spain
| | - Soledad Cárdenas
- Affordable and Sustainable Sample Preparation (AS2P) research group, Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente IQUEMA, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Marie Curie, Córdoba E-14071, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shaaban H. Sustainable dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method utilizing a natural deep eutectic solvent for determination of chloramphenicol in honey: assessment of the environmental impact of the developed method. RSC Adv 2023; 13:5058-5069. [PMID: 36777937 PMCID: PMC9909375 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08221g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The greening of pharmaceutical analysis is gaining interest, and different approaches have been proposed, such as minimizing the consumption of hazardous reagents, replacing toxic solvents with safer alternatives, and reducing waste generation. In this work, a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) was synthesized and utilized as a green alternative in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) for the determination of chloramphenicol in honey. Different deep eutectic solvents composed of monoterpenoids and acids were tested. The NADES system composed of menthol and acetic acid at a molar ratio of 1 : 1 was found to be the most appropriate in terms of extraction recovery. Different DLLME parameters including vortex time, centrifugation time, sample volume, and deep eutectic solvent volume were optimized. A determination coefficient of 0.9997 was achieved. Satisfactory recovery ranged from 98.8 to 101.5 with % RSD ≤4.5. The chromatographic performance of the presented method compared with other previously documented methods for determination of chloramphenicol in honey was highlighted. Additionally, the ecological impact of the developed method was assessed employing three tools: the Analytical Eco-scale, the Green Analytical Procedure Index, and the Analytical GREEnness metric. The presented method can be regarded as a green substitute for the traditional methods used for the determination of chloramphenicol in honey.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heba Shaaban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Eastern Province Saudi Arabia +966 546262270
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Andruch V, Kalyniukova A, Płotka-Wasylka J, Jatkowska N, Snigur D, Zaruba S, Płatkiewicz J, Zgoła-Grześkowiak A, Werner J. Application of deep eutectic solvents in sample preparation for analysis (update 2017–2022). Part A: Liquid phase microextraction. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
9
|
Shaaban H, Mostafa A, Alqarni AM, Alsultan R, shehab ZA, Aljarrash Z, Al-Zawad W, Al-Kahlah S, Amir M. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction utilizing menthol-based deep eutectic solvent for simultaneous determination of sulfonamides residues in powdered milk-based infant formulas. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
10
|
Shaaban H. The ecological impact of liquid chromatographic methods reported for bioanalysis of COVID-19 drug, hydroxychloroquine: Insights on greenness assessment. Microchem J 2022; 184:108145. [PMCID: PMC9643294 DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxychloroquine is a drug that has been widely used during the early stages of COVID-19 pandemic. Different liquid chromatographic methods have been reported for the analysis of hydroxychloroquine in various biological matrices such as human plasma, serum, whole blood, oral fluid, rat plasma and tissues . In this comparative study, the most popular tools used for assessing the greenness profile: National Environmental Methods Index (NEMI), Eco-Scale Assessment (ESA), Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) and Analytical Greenness metric (AGREE) were utilized to evaluate the ecological impact of eighteen liquid chromatographic methods developed for the bioanalysis of COVID-19 drug; hydroxychloroquine. NEMI is the simplest tool for evaluating the greenness profile of developed methods, but it is the least informative approach as all the reported methods had the same NEMI pictograms. On the other hand, GAPI is a dependable tool providing a complete picture about the method greenness starting from sampling until the final determination. ESA and AGREE tools are digitally presented and more easily applied. Therefore, their utilization for greenness assessment is highly recommended. Selection of the highest eco-friendly analytical procedure is of a paramount importance for protecting human health and the environment. Considering the greenness of the analytical procedures is highly recommended before proceeding to routine use in order to minimize the chemical hazards to the environment. The most eco-friendly analytical procedures for the analysis of hydroxychloroquine in biological samples according to ESA, GAPI and AGREE tools will be highlighted and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heba Shaaban
- Corresponding author at: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Faisal Road, Eastern Province, Dammam, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|