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Quantitative Characterization of Age-Related Changes in Peripheral Vessels of a Human Palm Using Raster-Scan Optoacoustic Angiography. PHOTONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics9070482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of age-related changes in skin vessels based on optoacoustic angiographic images during the in vivo skin monitoring of healthy volunteers at different ages is reported. As a result of a quantitative analysis of the three-dimensional OA images, the age-associated differences in the following image parameters were revealed: image intensity, ratio of blood content at different characteristics depths, total vessel length, and number of branches. The reported approach can be effectively employed for automatic assessment and monitoring of age-related vascular changes in the skin and underlying tissues.
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Dalgleish L, Campbell J, Finlayson K, Barakat-Johnson M, Beath A, Ingleman J, Parker C, Coyer F. Understanding Skin Failure: A Scoping Review. Adv Skin Wound Care 2021; 34:542-550. [PMID: 34175867 DOI: 10.1097/01.asw.0000755844.87283.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To map the use of the term "skin failure" in the literature over time and enhance understanding of this term as it is used in clinical practice. DATA SOURCES The databases searched for published literature included PubMed, Embase, the Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Google Scholar. The search for unpublished literature encompassed two databases, Open Gray and ProQuest Dissertation and Theses. STUDY SELECTION Search terms included "skin failure," "acute skin failure," "chronic skin failure," and "end stage skin." All qualitative and quantitative research designs, editorial, opinion pieces, and case studies were included, as well as relevant gray literature. DATA EXTRACTION Data collected included author, title, year of publication, journal name, whether the term "skin failure" was mentioned in the publication and/or in conjunction with other skin injury, study design, study setting, study population, sample size, main focus of the publication, what causes skin failure, skin failure definition, primary study aim, and primary outcome. DATA SYNTHESIS Two main themes of skin failure were identified through this scoping review: the etiology of skin failure and the interchangeable use of definitions. CONCLUSIONS Use of the term "skin failure" has increased significantly over the past 30 years. However, there remains a significant lack of empirical evidence related to skin failure across all healthcare settings. The lack of quality research has resulted in multiple lines of thinking on the cause of skin failure, as well as divergent definitions of the concept. These results illustrate substantial gaps in the current literature and an urgent need to develop a globally agreed-upon definition of skin failure, as well as a better understanding of skin failure etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizanne Dalgleish
- At the School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia, Lizanne Dalgleish, PhD, RN, is PhD Candidate; Jill Campbell, PhD, RN, is Senior Research Fellow; Kathleen Finlayson, PhD, RN, is Lecturer; Jessica Ingleman, MSN, RN, is Lecturer; Christina Parker, PhD, RN, is Senior Lecturer; and Fiona Coyer, PhD, RN, is Professor. Michelle Barakat-Johnson, PhD, RN, is Senior Lecturer, University of Sydney, Camperdown. Amy Beath, BSN, RN, is Transitional Nurse Practitioner-Wounds, Murrumbidgee Local Health District, New South Wales. The authors have disclosed no financial relationships related to this article. Submitted June 21, 2020; accepted in revised form December 1, 2020; published online ahead of print June 23, 2021
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Humphrey S, Manson Brown S, Cross SJ, Mehta R. Defining Skin Quality: Clinical Relevance, Terminology, and Assessment. Dermatol Surg 2021; 47:974-981. [PMID: 34148998 PMCID: PMC8231670 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000003079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flawless skin is one of the most universally desired features, and demand for improvements in skin quality is growing rapidly. Skin quality has been shown to substantially impact emotional health, quality of life, self-perception, and interactions with others. Although skin quality improvements are a common end point in studies of cosmeceuticals, they are rarely assessed in clinical studies of other aesthetic treatments and products. Descriptive terminology for skin quality parameters also varies considerably within the aesthetic field, relying on a range of redundant and occasionally contradictory descriptors. In short, skin quality has not been clearly defined. OBJECTIVE The goal of this review is to highlight the importance of skin quality to patients and physicians, explore known and unknown factors comprising skin quality, and provide clarity regarding terminology, descriptors, and evaluation tools for assessing skin quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS A review of the literature on skin quality was performed without limitation on publication date. Relevant articles are presented. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION We propose a framework of attributes contributing to skin quality rooted in 3 fundamental categories-visible, mechanical, and topographical-with the aim to provide information to help guide clinicians and inform future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Humphrey
- Humphrey Cosmetic Dermatology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - Rahul Mehta
- Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie Company, Irvine, California
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4
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Pilkington SM, Bulfone-Paus S, Griffiths CE, Watson RE. Inflammaging and the Skin. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:1087-1095. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abstract
Raynaud's phenomenon, which is characterized by episodic digital pallor, cyanosis and rubor upon exposure to cold environment or to stress, is relatively common, although the prevalence depends on the climate. Still, it is under-diagnosed, under-treated, and often confused with other conditions. Primary Raynaud's phenomenon (i.e., Raynaud disease) must be distinguished from secondary Raynaud's phenomenon (i.e., Raynaud syndrome) as long-term morbidity and outcomes differ vastly between the two conditions. Additionally, the practitioner must differentiate between Raynaud's phenomenon and related vascular disorders, such as acrocyanosis, pernio, and livedo reticularis. In this article, we review differences between the conditions and suggest an approach to diagnosis and treatment strategy for these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjung Choi
- Heart and Vascular Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Stanislav Henkin
- Heart and Vascular Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
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6
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Zou Z, Long X, Zhao Q, Zheng Y, Song M, Ma S, Jing Y, Wang S, He Y, Esteban CR, Yu N, Huang J, Chan P, Chen T, Izpisua Belmonte JC, Zhang W, Qu J, Liu GH. A Single-Cell Transcriptomic Atlas of Human Skin Aging. Dev Cell 2020; 56:383-397.e8. [PMID: 33238152 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Skin undergoes constant self-renewal, and its functional decline is a visible consequence of aging. Understanding human skin aging requires in-depth knowledge of the molecular and functional properties of various skin cell types. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing of human eyelid skin from healthy individuals across different ages and identified eleven canonical cell types, as well as six subpopulations of basal cells. Further analysis revealed progressive accumulation of photoaging-related changes and increased chronic inflammation with age. Transcriptional factors involved in the developmental process underwent early-onset decline during aging. Furthermore, inhibition of key transcription factors HES1 in fibroblasts and KLF6 in keratinocytes not only compromised cell proliferation, but also increased inflammation and cellular senescence during aging. Lastly, we found that genetic activation of HES1 or pharmacological treatment with quercetin alleviated cellular senescence of dermal fibroblasts. These findings provide a single-cell molecular framework of human skin aging, providing a rich resource for developing therapeutic strategies against aging-related skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiran Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao Long
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yandong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Moshi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yaobin Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Si Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yifang He
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | - Nanze Yu
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Jiuzuo Huang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Piu Chan
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ting Chen
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | | | - Weiqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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7
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Jakic B, Kerjaschki D, Wick G. Lymphatic Capillaries in Aging. Gerontology 2020; 66:419-426. [PMID: 32580201 DOI: 10.1159/000508459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic system is responsible for fluid drainage from almost every organ in the body. It sustains tissue homeostasis and is also a central part of the immune system. With the discovery of cell-specific markers and transgenic mouse models, it has become possible to gain some insight into the developmental and functional roles of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). Only recently, a more direct regulatory role has been assigned to LECs in their functions in immunity responses and chronic diseases. Here, we discuss the changes occurring in aged lymphatic system and the role of lymphatic capillaries in some age-related diseases and experimental animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojana Jakic
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity, Division of Experimental Pathophysiology and Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria, .,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden,
| | - Dontscho Kerjaschki
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Wick
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity, Division of Experimental Pathophysiology and Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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8
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Yücel YH, Cheng F, Cardinell K, Zhou X, Irving H, Gupta N. Age-related decline of lymphatic drainage from the eye: A noninvasive in vivo photoacoustic tomography study. Exp Eye Res 2020; 194:108029. [PMID: 32251650 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We aim to determine whether lymphatic drainage from the eye changes with age. Using quantitative photoacoustic tomography, groups of young and older mice were studied in the live state. 10 CD-1 mice of 2-3 months (5M/5F) were studied in addition to 13 older mice of 12-13 months (6M/7F). In each of 23 mice, near-infrared tracer (a near-infrared dye, QC-1 conjugated with Bovine Serum Albumin) was injected into the right eye, and imaging of ipsilateral cervical lymph nodes was performed with laser pulses at 11 different wavelengths prior to and 20 min, 2, 4 and 6 h after injection. Mean pixel intensities (MPIs) of nodes were calculated at each imaging session. The areas under the curves (AUC) were calculated for both groups of mice and compared using the t-test. The slopes of MPI of each region of interest were compared using the linear mixed model before and after adjusting for sex, body weight and intraocular pressure of the right eye. The mean intraocular pressure of right eyes before injection was similar in older and younger groups (12.77 ± 2.01 mmHg and 12.90 ± 2.38 mmHg, respectively; p = 0.888). In each mouse, the photoacoustic signal was detected in the right cervical lymph nodes at the 2-h time point following tracer injection into the right eye. At the 4 and 6 h imaging times, a steady increase of tracer signal was observed. Areas under the curve in the right cervical nodes were decreased significantly in older mice compared to younger mice (p = 0.007). The slopes of MPI in the nodes were significantly decreased in old mice compared to young mice both before and after adjusting for sex, body weight and intraocular pressure of the right eye (p = 0.003). In conclusion, lymphatic drainage from the eye is significantly reduced in older eyes. This finding suggests that impaired lymphatic clearance of aqueous humor, proteins and antigens from the eye may contribute to age-related disease of the eye such as glaucoma and inflammatory eye disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeni H Yücel
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), St. Michael's Hospital, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Fang Cheng
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kirsten Cardinell
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xun Zhou
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hyacinth Irving
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neeru Gupta
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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9
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Colvan L, Fleck T, Vega VL. Global periorbital skin rejuvenation by a topical eye cream containing low molecular weight heparan sulfate (LMW-HS) and a blend of naturally derived extracts. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 18:530-538. [PMID: 30636356 PMCID: PMC6850077 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Maintaining a youthful appearance is a priority for many people. Global eye rejuvenation is sought more frequently and at a younger age than other treatments. Major concerns around the eye area are periorbital hyperpigmentation, puffiness, and lines and wrinkles. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are complex carbohydrates that modulate skin health, repair and renew skin's appearance. Heparan sulfate (HS) is the most biologically active GAG, although it is too large and polar to penetrate the skin. Low Molecular Weight Heparan Sulfate (LMW‐HS) is a smaller version of HS designed for skin penetration while preserving its activity. In this study, we investigated the effects of a topical eye cream containing LMW‐HS and a blend of naturally derived extracts to address global periorbital rejuvenation. Method A single‐center, open‐label study including female and male subjects (n = 15) was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of an eye cream containing LMW‐HS and a blend of naturally derived extracts applied twice daily for 12 weeks. Results Improvements in the appearance of periorbital hyperpigmentation and fine and coarse wrinkles were observed as early as week 2 with continuous improvement up to 12 weeks. Decrease in puffiness (73%) and dark circles (93%) were reported by subjects. The test product was highly rated by subjects on performance and attributes and was well tolerated by all the subjects in this study. Conclusion Results demonstrated that an eye cream containing LMW‐HS and a blend of naturally derived extracts achieved global skin rejuvenation by improving appearance of periorbital hyperpigmentation, puffiness, and fine and coarse wrinkles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lora Colvan
- Research and Development, SENTÉ INC, Carlsbad, California
| | - Tina Fleck
- Research and Development, SENTÉ INC, Carlsbad, California
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10
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Notario J, Deza G, Vilarrasa E, Valentí F, Muñoz C, Mollet J, Rocamora V, Carrascosa JM, del Alcázar E, Alsina M, Vidal D, Puig L, López-Ferrer A, Riera J, Gallardo F, Ferran M. Treatment of patients with plaque psoriasis with secukinumab in a real-life setting: a 52-week, multicenter, retrospective study in Spain. J DERMATOL TREAT 2018; 30:424-429. [DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2018.1528000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Notario
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Gustavo Deza
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar- Institut Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Vilarrasa
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Valentí
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Carlos Muñoz
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de Granollers, Granollers, Spain
| | - Jordi Mollet
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Vall d’Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicenç Rocamora
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de Manacor, Manacor, Spain
| | | | - Elena del Alcázar
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Sagrat Cor, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Alsina
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Vidal
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Moisses Broggi, Sant Joan Despí, Spain
| | - Lluís Puig
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna López-Ferrer
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Riera
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Gallardo
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar- Institut Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Ferran
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar- Institut Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Li X, Saeidi N, Villiger M, Albadawi H, Jones JD, Quinn KP, Austin WG, Golberg A, Yarmush ML. Rejuvenation of aged rat skin with pulsed electric fields. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:2309-2318. [PMID: 30353675 DOI: 10.1002/term.2763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The demand for skin rejuvenation procedures has progressively increased in the past decade. Additionally, clinical trials have shown that current therapies might cause downtime and side effects in patients including prolonged erythema, scarring, and dyspigmentation. The goal of this study was to explore the effect of partial irreversible electroporation (pIRE) with pulsed electric fields in aged skin rejuvenation as a novel, non-invasive skin resurfacing technique. In this study, we used an experimental model of aged rats. We showed that treatment with pIRE promoted keratinocyte proliferation and blood flow in aged rat skin. We also found significant evidence indicating that pIRE reformed the dermal extracellular matrix (ECM). Both the collagen protein and fibre density in aged skin increased after pIRE administration. Furthermore, using an image-processing algorithm, we found that the collagen fibre orientation in the histological sections did not change, indicating a lack of scar formation in the treated areas. The results showed that pIRE approach could effectively stimulate keratinocyte proliferation, ECM synthesis, and angiogenesis in an aged rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Li
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and the Shriners Burns Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Orthopedics Oncology Institute of Chinese PLA, Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nima Saeidi
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and the Shriners Burns Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Martin Villiger
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hassan Albadawi
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jake D Jones
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Kyle P Quinn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - William G Austin
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alexander Golberg
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and the Shriners Burns Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Porter School of Environmental and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Martin L Yarmush
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and the Shriners Burns Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
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12
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Artichoke Polyphenols Produce Skin Anti-Age Effects by Improving Endothelial Cell Integrity and Functionality. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112729. [PMID: 30360471 PMCID: PMC6278506 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Artichoke is a characteristic crop of the Mediterranean area, recognized for its nutritional value and therapeutic properties due to the presence of bioactive components such as polyphenols, inulin, vitamins and minerals. Artichoke is mainly consumed after home and/or industrial processing, and the undersized heads, not suitable for the market, can be used for the recovery of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, for cosmetic applications. In this paper, the potential skin anti-age effect of a polyphenolic artichoke extract on endothelial cells was investigated. The methodology used was addressed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and the improvement of gene expression of some youth markers. The results showed that the artichoke extract was constituted by 87% of chlorogenic, 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic, and 1,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acids. The extract induced important molecular markers responsible for the microcirculation and vasodilatation of endothelial cells, acted as a potential anti-inflammatory agent, protected the lymphatic vessels from oxidative damage by ROS formation, and enhanced the cellular cohesion by reinforcing the tight junction complex. In addition, the artichoke extract, through the modulation of molecular pathways, improved the expression of genes involved in anti-ageing mechanisms. Finally, clinical testing on human subjects highlighted the enhancement by 19.74% of roughness and 11.45% of elasticity from using an artichoke extract cosmetic formulation compared to placebo cream.
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13
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Georgakopoulos J, Ighani A, Zhou L, Yeung J. Efficacy and safety of secukinumab in treating moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in two real-world Canadian dermatology clinics: a multicenter retrospective study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 32:e32-e34. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.R. Georgakopoulos
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London ON Canada
| | - A. Ighani
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - L.L. Zhou
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Ottawa; Ottawa ON Canada
| | - J. Yeung
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre; Toronto ON Canada
- Women's College Hospital; Toronto ON Canada
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14
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Khalil A, Humeau-Heurtier A, Gascoin L, Abraham P, Mahé G. Aging effect on microcirculation: A multiscale entropy approach on laser speckle contrast images. Med Phys 2017; 43:4008. [PMID: 27370119 DOI: 10.1118/1.4953189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE It has long been known that age plays a crucial role in the deterioration of microvessels. The assessment of such deteriorations can be achieved by monitoring microvascular blood flow. Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) is a powerful optical imaging tool that provides two-dimensional information on microvascular blood flow. The technique has recently been commercialized, and hence, few works discuss the postacquisition processing of laser speckle contrast images recorded in vivo. By applying entropy-based complexity measures to LSCI time series, we present herein the first attempt to study the effect of aging on microcirculation by measuring the complexity of microvascular signals over multiple time scales. METHODS Forearm skin microvascular blood flow was studied with LSCI in 18 healthy subjects. The subjects were subdivided into two age groups: younger (20-30 years old, n = 9) and older (50-68 years old, n = 9). To estimate age-dependent changes in microvascular blood flow, we applied three entropy-based complexity algorithms to LSCI time series. RESULTS The application of entropy-based complexity algorithms to LSCI time series can differentiate younger from older groups: the data fluctuations in the younger group have a significantly higher complexity than those obtained from the older group. CONCLUSIONS The effect of aging on microcirculation can be estimated by using entropy-based complexity algorithms to LSCI time series.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khalil
- LARIS-Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes, University of Angers, 62 Avenue Notre-Dame du Lac, Angers 49000, France
| | - A Humeau-Heurtier
- LARIS-Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes, University of Angers, 62 Avenue Notre-Dame du Lac, Angers 49000, France
| | - L Gascoin
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et d'Explorations Vasculaires, Hospital of Angers, University of Angers, Angers Cedex 01 49033, France
| | - P Abraham
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et d'Explorations Vasculaires, Hospital of Angers, University of Angers, UMR CNRS 6214-INSERM 1083, Angers Cedex 01 49033, France
| | - G Mahé
- Pôle Imagerie Médicale et Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hospital Pontchaillou of Rennes, University of Rennes 1, INSERM CIC 1414, Rennes Cedex 9 35033, France
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Orun AB, Seker H, Uslan V, Goodyer E, Smith G. Texture-based characterization of subskin features by specified laser speckle effects at λ = 650 nm region for more accurate parametric 'skin age' modelling. Int J Cosmet Sci 2016; 39:320-326. [PMID: 27809341 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The textural structure of 'skin age'-related subskin components enables us to identify and analyse their unique characteristics, thus making substantial progress towards establishing an accurate skin age model. METHODS This is achieved by a two-stage process. First by the application of textural analysis using laser speckle imaging, which is sensitive to textural effects within the λ = 650 nm spectral band region. In the second stage, a Bayesian inference method is used to select attributes from which a predictive model is built. RESULTS This technique enables us to contrast different skin age models, such as the laser speckle effect against the more widely used normal light (LED) imaging method, whereby it is shown that our laser speckle-based technique yields better results. CONCLUSION The method introduced here is non-invasive, low cost and capable of operating in real time; having the potential to compete against high-cost instrumentation such as confocal microscopy or similar imaging devices used for skin age identification purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Orun
- Faculty of Technology, De Montfort University, Gateway House, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
| | - H Seker
- Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Northumbria at New Castle, Newcastle, UK
| | - V Uslan
- Faculty of Technology, De Montfort University, Gateway House, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
| | - E Goodyer
- Faculty of Technology, De Montfort University, Gateway House, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
| | - G Smith
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
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Skin Manifestations of Internal Disease in Older Adults. CURRENT GERIATRICS REPORTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13670-015-0135-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gunin AG, Petrov VV, Vasilieva OV, Golubtsova NN. Age-related changes of blood vessels in the human dermis. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057015020058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Karaman S, Buschle D, Luciani P, Leroux JC, Detmar M, Proulx ST. Decline of lymphatic vessel density and function in murine skin during aging. Angiogenesis 2015; 18:489-98. [PMID: 26260189 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-015-9479-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels play important roles in the pathogenesis of many conditions that have an increased prevalence in the elderly population. However, the effects of the aging process on the lymphatic system are still relatively unknown. We have applied non-invasive imaging and whole-mount staining techniques to assess the lymphatic vessel function and morphology in three different age groups of mice: 2 months (young), 7 months (middle-aged), and 18 months (aged). We first developed and validated a new method to quantify lymphatic clearance from mouse ear skin, using a lymphatic-specific near-infrared tracer. Using this method, we found that there is a prominent decrease in lymphatic vessel function during aging since the lymphatic clearance was significantly delayed in aged mice. This loss of function correlated with a decreased lymphatic vessel density and a reduced lymphatic network complexity in the skin of aged mice as compared to younger controls. The blood vascular leakage in the skin was slightly increased in the aged mice, indicating that the decreased lymphatic function was not caused by a reduced capillary filtration in aged skin. The decreased function of lymphatic vessels with aging might have implications for the pathogenesis of a number of aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Karaman
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dorina Buschle
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paola Luciani
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Christophe Leroux
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Detmar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Steven T Proulx
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Akhras V, Ramakrishnan R, Stanton AWB, Levick JR, Cook MG, Chong H, Mortimer PS. Quantitative Imaging In Vivo of Functioning Lymphatic Vessels Around Human Melanoma and Benign Nevi. Microcirculation 2015; 22:454-63. [PMID: 26094869 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The density of functioning human lymphatics in vivo and of immunohistochemically defined lymphatics was quantified around melanomas, benign nevi, and matched normal skin, to assess the current lymphangiogenesis paradigm. We investigated whether histological and functioning density increased around melanomas compared with benign nevi or matched skin; whether functioning and histological density increased similarly; and whether larger increases occurred around metastatic melanomas. METHODS Functioning density was quantified in vivo as the total amount of human dermal microlymphatics taking up fluorescent marker injected at the lesion margin. After tissue excision, perilesion histological density was quantified using podoplanin marker D2-40. RESULTS Histological density was raised similarly around metastasising and non-metastasising melanomas compared with normal skin (+71%, p < 0.0001, n = 32); but was also raised significantly around benign nevi (+17%, p = 0.03, n = 20). In contrast, functioning lymphatic density was substantially reduced around the margins of melanomas (both metastasising and non-metastasising) compared with benign nevi (by 65%, p = 0.02) or normal skin (by 53%, p = 0.0014). CONCLUSIONS Raised perilesion histological lymphatic density is not unique to melanoma but occurs also around benign nevi. The findings indicated that the number of functioning lateral lymphatics around human melanomas in vivo but not benign nevi is reduced, despite histologically increased numbers of lymphatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Akhras
- Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences (Dermatology), St George's Hospital, University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Anthony W B Stanton
- Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences (Dermatology), St George's Hospital, University of London, London, UK
| | - John R Levick
- Basic Medical Sciences (Physiology), St George's Hospital, University of London, London, UK
| | - Martin G Cook
- Histopathology Department, Royal Surrey County Hospital and Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Heung Chong
- Histopathology Department, St George's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Peter S Mortimer
- Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences (Dermatology), St George's Hospital, University of London, London, UK
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Khalil A, Humeau-Heurtier A, Mahé G, Abraham P. Laser speckle contrast imaging: age-related changes in microvascular blood flow and correlation with pulse-wave velocity in healthy subjects. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2015; 20:051010. [PMID: 25423123 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.5.051010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the cardiovascular system, the macrocirculation and microcirculation—two subsystems—can be affected by aging. Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) is an emerging noninvasive optical technique that allows the monitoring of microvascular function and can help, using specific data processing, to understand the relationship between the subsystems. Using LSCI, the goals of this study are: (i) to assess the aging effect over microvascular parameters (perfusion and moving blood cells velocity, MBCV) and macrocirculation parameters (pulse-wave velocity, PWV) and (ii) to study the relationship between these parameters. In 16 healthy subjects (20 to 62 years old), perfusion and MBCV computed from LSCI are studied in three physiological states: rest, vascular occlusion, and post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia (PORH). MBCV is computed from a model of velocity distribution. During PORH, the experimental results show a relationship between perfusion and age (R(2) = 0.67) and between MBCV and age (R(2) = 0.72), as well as between PWV and age at rest (R(2) = 0.91). A relationship is also found between perfusion and MBCV for all physiological states (R(2) = 0.98). Relationships between microcirculation and macrocirculation (perfusion-PWV or MBCV-PWV) are found only during PORH with R(2) = 0.76 and R(2) = 0.77, respectively. This approach may prove useful for investigating dysregulation in blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Khalil
- University of Angers, LARIS-Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systémes, 62 Avenue Notre-Dame du Lac, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Anne Humeau-Heurtier
- University of Angers, LARIS-Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systémes, 62 Avenue Notre-Dame du Lac, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Guillaume Mahé
- Pôle Imagerie Médicale et Explorations Fonctionnelles, Inserm CIC 1414, Hospital Pontchaillou of Rennes, University of Rennes 1, 35033 Rennes Cedex 9, France
| | - Pierre Abraham
- University of Angers, Hospital of Angers, Laboratoire de Physiologie et d'Explorations Vasculaires UMR CNRS 6214-INSERM 1083, 49033 Angers Cedex 01, France
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Seker H, Uslan V, Orun AB, Goodyer E, Smith G. Prediction of skin ages by means of multi-spectral light sources. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2015; 2014:6736-9. [PMID: 25571542 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2014.6945174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Assessment of skin aging is a complex biological process that depends on various internal and external factors but has become important due to personalized skin health and cosmetic treatments. Although there are a small number of attempts to assess the skin aging, they identify only one of the previously classified skin aging groups. The methods used to achieve it are also based generally on highly expensive measurement devices. This work therefore proposes novel low-cost skin aging assessment apparatus by using light back-scatter intensity level of Red, Blue, Green and Infrared bands. This is further enhanced by using a machine learning method to accurately predict actual skin age. The proposed method appears to be highly capable of capturing multi-layer cellular changes exhibited by the biological skin aging process and predicting skin ages with a root-mean-square error of as low as 0.160 by using only four features based on the four multi-spectral light sources. This assessment kit seems to be the first of its kind, which is expected to bring great benefit to both personalized skin healthcare and cosmetic sectors.
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Tikhonova IV, Tankanag AV, Chemeris NK. Age-related changes of skin blood flow during postocclusive reactive hyperemia in human. Skin Res Technol 2012; 19:e174-81. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0846.2012.00624.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Tikhonova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics; Russian Academy of Sciences; Institutskaya st. 3; Pushchino; Moscow Region; 142290; Russia
| | - Arina V. Tankanag
- Institute of Cell Biophysics; Russian Academy of Sciences; Institutskaya st. 3; Pushchino; Moscow Region; 142290; Russia
| | - Nikolay K. Chemeris
- Institute of Cell Biophysics; Russian Academy of Sciences; Institutskaya st. 3; Pushchino; Moscow Region; 142290; Russia
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Lymphangiectases Are Common Underlying Warts and in Normal Peritumoral Skin: Histologic Evidence of Decreased Immune Surveillance. Am J Dermatopathol 2011; 33:152-60. [DOI: 10.1097/dad.0b013e3181ef2d65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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26
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Matts PJ, Fink B. Chronic sun damage and the perception of age, health and attractiveness. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2010; 9:421-31. [DOI: 10.1039/b9pp00166b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rossi A, Sozio F, Sestini P, Renzoni EA, Khan K, Denton CP, Abraham DJ, Weber E. Lymphatic and blood vessels in scleroderma skin, a morphometric analysis. Hum Pathol 2009; 41:366-74. [PMID: 20004944 PMCID: PMC2829123 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2009.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2009] [Revised: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 08/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Vascular involvement is frequent in systemic sclerosis, but the role of the lymphatic vasculature is poorly known. Our aim was to evaluate lymphatic vessels in systemic sclerosis skin lesions. We studied skin forearm biopsies of 9 patients with systemic sclerosis and 7 age-matched controls. Lymphatic vessels were labeled with the monoclonal antibody D2-40 and blood vessels with a polyclonal antibody to von Willebrand Factor. All blood and lymphatic vessels present in each section were counted and total area, inner luminal area, and shape factors were measured. The number of blood and lymphatic vessels in papillary dermis was greater and their diameter lower than in reticular dermis both in systemic sclerosis and controls. In the reticular dermis, the number of lymphatic vessels was markedly reduced in systemic sclerosis (4.9 ± 1.1 μm−2 versus 8.9 ± 1.2 μm−2P = .03), and a similar trend was observed in papillary dermis (8.4 ± 3.7 μm−2 versus 8.1 ± 5.3 μm−2). Interestingly, the number of periglandular lymphatics in systemic sclerosis was not different from controls. The inner luminal area (possibly indicating compensatory dilation) of lymphatic vessels, particularly the periglandular ones, was greater in systemic sclerosis than in controls. No differences were observed in the number of blood vessels, but the percentage of blood vessel profiles (without lumen) was significantly less in systemic sclerosis both in papillary and in reticular dermis. In conclusion, our data show that skin lesions in systemic sclerosis are characterized by a selective rarefaction of lymphatic vasculature that spares periglandular vessels and that might have a pathogenic role in the evolution and in the clinical manifestations of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Rossi
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Molecular Medicine, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy
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In SI, Han JH, Kang HY, Lee ES, Kim YC. The histopathological characteristics of livedo reticularis. J Cutan Pathol 2009; 36:1275-8. [PMID: 19602074 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2009.01282.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Livedo reticularis (LR) is a skin disorder characterized by a reddish-blue mottling of the skin in a "fishnet" reticular pattern. The aim of this study was to investigate the major histopathological characteristics of LR and determine whether the histopathology of LR is more common in whitish areas or in the erythematous areas. METHODS A clinical survey was carried out that included 16 patients with LR. The histopathological features were investigated with immunostains for factor VIII-related antigen, as well as routine hematoxylin-eosin. RESULTS There were no significant differences in thrombi, arterial obliteration, or RBC aggregates between the central blanched area and the peripheral erythematous areas. The computer-assisted image analyses of factor VIII-related antigen-stained sections revealed no significant difference in the number of dermal blood vessels and telangiectasia between the areas studied. There were nine cases that showed one or more of the histopathological features of LR in either the central blanched areas or the peripheral erythematous areas. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that multiple punch biopsies should be performed in patients suspected of LR including both the peripheral erythematous and central whitish areas to increase the diagnostic yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Il In
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
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Erythema nodosum–like lesions in treated Whipple's disease: Signs of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. J Am Acad Dermatol 2009; 60:277-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2008.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2008] [Revised: 09/11/2008] [Accepted: 09/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Gene silencing of CD47 and antibody ligation of thrombospondin-1 enhance ischemic tissue survival in a porcine model: implications for human disease. Ann Surg 2008; 247:860-8. [PMID: 18438125 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0b013e31816c4006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient tissue perfusion underlies many acute and chronic diseases. Tissue perfusion in turn requires adequate blood flow, determined in large part by the relative state of relaxation or constriction of arterial vessels. Nitric oxide (NO) produced by vascular cells modulates blood flow and tissue perfusion by relaxing and dilating arteries. Recently, we reported that the secreted protein thrombospondin-1 (TSP1), through its cell surface receptor CD47, limits the ability of NO to relax and dilate blood vessels and thus decreases tissue perfusion. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that blocking TSP1-CD47 signaling increases ischemic tissue survival in random cutaneous porcine flaps. METHODS Random cutaneous flaps 2 x 10 cm2 were raised in white hairless Yucatan miniature pigs and were treated with a monoclonal antibody to TSP1, an antisense morpholino oligonucleotide to CD47 or control agents and tissue survival assessed. Primary vascular smooth muscle cell cultured from Yucatan pigs were also treated with the same agents +/- and an NO donor (DEA/NO) and cGMP quantified. RESULTS Antibody blockade of TSP1 or morpholino suppression of CD47 dramatically enhanced survival of random tissue flaps. These responses correlated with increased blood vessel patency and tissue blood flow on vessel injection studies. NO-stimulated cGMP flux in Yucatan vascular smooth muscle cell was abrogated after antibody or morpholino treatment. CONCLUSION Antibody ligation of TSP1 or antisense morpholino knock down of CD47 greatly increased tissue survival to ischemia. Given the similarity between porcine and human soft tissues these results suggest significant therapeutic potential for people.
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Abstract
When viewing the human face, the eye is drawn automatically to the areas of uneven topography and high color contrast, and the perception of skin age and attractiveness is dependent on these features. Although it is well recognized that topographic features, such as lines and wrinkles, contribute to the perceived age of skin and many cosmetic procedures are directed toward modifying these, the contribution of color contrast to the perceived age of skin has been less widely studied. A new technique, spectrophotometric intracutaneous analysis, is able to measure and characterize the distribution of chromophores in aging human skin and represents a significant advance in evaluation of the role color contrast plays in perception of the aging human face. This technique may be useful in the assessment of cosmetic interventions to reduce the appearance of aging by modification of skin color.
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Matts PJ, Fink B, Grammer K, Burquest M. Color homogeneity and visual perception of age, health, and attractiveness of female facial skin. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007; 57:977-84. [PMID: 17719127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2007.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2007] [Revised: 07/09/2007] [Accepted: 07/28/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evolutionary psychology suggests that skin signals aspects of mate value, yet only limited empirical evidence exists for this assertion. OBJECTIVES We sought to study the relationship between perception of skin condition and homogeneity of color/chromophore distribution. METHODS Cropped skin cheek images from 170 girls and women (11-76 years) were blind-rated for attractiveness, healthiness, youthfulness, and biological age by 353 participants. These skin images and corresponding melanin/hemoglobin concentration maps were analyzed objectively for homogeneity. RESULTS Homogeneity of unprocessed images correlated positively with perceived attractiveness, healthiness, and youthfulness (all r > 0.40; P < .001), but negatively with estimated age (r = -0.45; P < .001). Homogeneity of hemoglobin and melanin maps was positively correlated with that of unprocessed images (r = 0.92, 0.68; P < .001) and negatively correlated with estimated age (r = -0.32, -0.38; P < .001). LIMITATIONS Female skin only was studied. CONCLUSIONS Skin color homogeneity, driven by melanin and hemoglobin distribution, influences perception of age, attractiveness, health, and youth.
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Isenberg JS, Hyodo F, Pappan LK, Abu-Asab M, Tsokos M, Krishna MC, Frazier WA, Roberts DD. Blocking thrombospondin-1/CD47 signaling alleviates deleterious effects of aging on tissue responses to ischemia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2007; 27:2582-8. [PMID: 17916772 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.107.155390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Decreased blood flow secondary to peripheral vascular disease underlies a significant number of chronic diseases that account for the majority of morbidity and mortality among the elderly. Blood vessel diameter and blood flow are limited by the matricellular protein thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) through its ability to block responses to the endogenous vasodilator nitric oxide (NO). In this study we investigate the role TSP1 plays in regulating blood flow in the presence of advanced age and atherosclerotic vascular disease. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice lacking TSP1 or CD47 show minimal loss of their resistance to ischemic injury with age and increased preservation of tissue perfusion immediately after injury. Treatment of WT and apolipoprotein E-null mice using therapeutic agents that decrease CD47 or enhance NO levels reverses the deleterious effects of age- and diet-induced vasculopathy and results in significantly increased tissue survival in models of ischemia. CONCLUSIONS With increasing age and diet-induced atherosclerotic vascular disease, TSP1 and its receptor CD47 become more limiting for blood flow and tissue survival after ischemic injury. Drugs that limit TSP1/CD47 regulation of blood flow could improve outcomes from surgical interventions in the elderly and ameliorate vascular complications attendant to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff S Isenberg
- MPH, Laboratory of Pathology, Building 10, 2A33, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1500, USA.
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Szauter KM, Cao T, Boyd CD, Csiszar K. Lysyl oxidase in development, aging and pathologies of the skin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 53:448-56. [PMID: 16085123 DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2004.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2004] [Accepted: 12/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is a copper- and lysyl-tyrosyl cofactor containing amine oxidase that has been known to play a critical role in the catalysis of lysine-derived crosslinks in extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the dermis. Changes in the composition and crosslinked state of the ECM and alterations in LOX synthesis and activity are known to be associated with aging and a range of acquired and heritable skin disorders. It has been assumed until recently that the LOX-related changes in the skin are mediated through the catalytic activity of LOX. However, work by several laboratories over the last few years has shown that LOX is a multifunctional protein. In this review we discuss the regulation of expression, localization and activation of LOX in the normal developing and adult skin, and alterations in LOX expression and activity associated with skin aging and senescence, and in pathological conditions, including wound healing, fibrosis, hypertrophic scarring, keloids, scleroderma, and diabetic skin. We further evaluate the role of LOX in skin ECM changes associated with the normal aging process and with these pathological states. In addition to collagen and elastin cross-linkages, regulatory and activation mechanisms and cell type specific LOX interactions may contribute to a range of novel intra- and extracellular LOX functions that appear critical determinants of the cellular microenvironment in the normal skin and in these skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornelia Molnarne Szauter
- The Cardiovascular Research Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
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Cebrian J, Messeguer A, Facino RM, Garcia Anton JM. New anti-RNS and -RCS products for cosmetic treatment. Int J Cosmet Sci 2005; 27:271-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-2494.2005.00279.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Abstract
Livedo reticularis (LR) is a well-known, relatively common physical finding consisting of macular, violaceous, connecting rings that form a netlike pattern (Fig 1). In most cases, it is a completely benign finding related to cold exposure. However, there are many potential causes (Table I), and this can make the evaluation of a patient presenting with this finding very difficult. An excellent review of the topic by Fleischer and Resnick was published in 1990. We have endeavored to update the literature and provide clinicians with guidance regarding the evaluation and treatment of patients presenting with LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark B Gibbs
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Lynch PM, Schmid-Schönbein GW. Literature watch. Parker LH, Schmidt M, Jin S-W, Gray AM, Beis D, Pham T, Frantz G, Paliert S, Hillan K, Stainier DYR, de Sauvage FJ, Ye W. The endothelial-cell-derived secreted factor Egf17 regulates vascular tube formation. Nature 2004; 428(6984):754-758. Lymphat Res Biol 2005; 2:96-100. [PMID: 15615491 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2004.2.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Lynch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0412, USA
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