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Centeno-Martinez RE, Glidden N, Mohan S, Davidson JL, Fernández-Juricic E, Boerman JP, Schoonmaker J, Pillai D, Koziol J, Ault A, Verma MS, Johnson TA. Identification of bovine respiratory disease through the nasal microbiome. Anim Microbiome 2022; 4:15. [PMID: 35193707 PMCID: PMC8862248 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-022-00167-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is an ongoing health and economic challenge in the dairy and beef cattle industries. Multiple risk factors make an animal susceptible to BRD. The presence of Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni, and Mycoplasma bovis in lung tissues have been associated with BRD mortalities, but they are also commonly present in the upper respiratory tract of healthy animals. This study aims to compare the cattle nasal microbiome (diversity, composition and community interaction) and the abundance of BRD pathogens (by qPCR) in the nasal microbiome of Holstein steers that are apparently healthy (Healthy group, n = 75) or with BRD clinical signs (BRD group, n = 58). We then used random forest models based on nasal microbial community and qPCR results to classify healthy and BRD-affected animals and determined the agreement with the visual clinical signs. Additionally, co-occurring species pairs were identified in visually BRD or healthy animal groups. Results Cattle in the BRD group had lower alpha diversity than pen-mates in the healthy group. Amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) from Trueperella pyogenes, Bibersteinia and Mycoplasma spp. were increased in relative abundance in the BRD group, while ASVs from Mycoplasma bovirhinis and Clostridium sensu stricto were increased in the healthy group. Prevalence of H. somni (98%) and P. multocida (97%) was high regardless of BRD clinical signs whereas M. haemolytica (81 and 61%, respectively) and M. bovis (74 and 51%, respectively) were more prevalent in the BRD group than the healthy group. In the BRD group, the abundance of M. haemolytica and M. bovis was increased, while H. somni abundance was decreased. Visual observation of clinical signs agreed with classification by the nasal microbial community (misclassification rate of 32%) and qPCR results (misclassification rate 34%). Co-occurrence analysis demonstrated that the nasal microbiome of BRD-affected cattle presented fewer bacterial associations than healthy cattle. Conclusions This study offers insight into the prevalence and abundance of BRD pathogens and the differences in the nasal microbiome between healthy and BRD animals. This suggests that nasal bacterial communities provide a potential platform for future studies and potential pen-side diagnostic testing. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s42523-022-00167-y.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalie Glidden
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Suraj Mohan
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Josiah Levi Davidson
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Jon Schoonmaker
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Deepti Pillai
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jennifer Koziol
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Aaron Ault
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Mohit S Verma
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.,Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.,Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Timothy A Johnson
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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2
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Arnal JL, Fernández A, Vela AI, Sanz C, Fernández-Garyzábal JF, Cid D. Capsular type diversity of Mannheimia haemolytica determined by multiplex real-time PCR and indirect hemagglutination in clinical isolates from cattle, sheep, and goats in Spain. Vet Microbiol 2021; 258:109121. [PMID: 34020174 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study compares the utility of a commercially available multiplex q-PCR assay for serotyping A1, A2, and A6 M. haemolytica serotypes with indirect hemagglutination, for determining the relative distribution of M. haemolytica capsular types associated with respiratory disorders in cattle, sheep, and goats. For the 129 isolates analyzed, both q-PCR and IHA assays exhibited nearly complete agreement for capsular types A1 (k = 0.965) and A2 (k = 0.888) and substantial agreement for A6 (k = 0.801). Despite the overall good performance of the commercial q-PCR, its effectiveness differed between the host origin of the isolates. The serotype was identified by q-PCR in 83.3 % of cattle, 77.8 % of goat, and 53.8 % of sheep isolates. Combining the results of both methods, A1 was the most prevalent in cattle and sheep (55.6 % and 22.25 %, respectively) but was not detected in goats, A2 was the most prevalent in goats (61.1 %) and the second most prevalent in cattle (16.7 %) and sheep (20.5 %). The prevalence of A6 was 7.4 %, 5.1 %, and 16.7 % in cattle, sheep, and goats, respectively. Other capsular types determined exclusively by IHA were A16 in cattle, A9 in goats, and A7, A8, A9, and A13 in sheep. Capsular type diversity was greater in sheep (H = 0.601) than in cattle (H = 0.408) and goat (H = 0.330) isolates. The commercial multiplex q-PCR is a valuable tool, alternative to IHA, for identifying isolates of capsular types A1, A2, and A6, the most frequent serotypes of M. haemolytica associated with respiratory disease in ruminants. However, when testing sheep isolates it should be complemented with immunological assays due to the wider range of serotypes implicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Arnal
- Exopol. Veterinary Diagnostic and Autogenous Vaccine Laboratory, Polígono Río Gállego, D/8. 50840 San Mateo de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A Fernández
- Exopol. Veterinary Diagnostic and Autogenous Vaccine Laboratory, Polígono Río Gállego, D/8. 50840 San Mateo de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A I Vela
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET), Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Sanz
- Exopol. Veterinary Diagnostic and Autogenous Vaccine Laboratory, Polígono Río Gállego, D/8. 50840 San Mateo de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J F Fernández-Garyzábal
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET), Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
| | - D Cid
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Sahay S, Natesan K, Prajapati A, Kalleshmurthy T, Shome BR, Rahman H, Shome R. Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida isolated from ovine respiratory infection: A study from Karnataka, Southern India. Vet World 2020; 13:1947-1954. [PMID: 33132610 PMCID: PMC7566252 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1947-1954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Respiratory infection due to Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida are responsible for huge economic losses in livestock sector globally and it is poorly understood in ovine population. The study aimed to investigate and characterize M. haemolytica and P. multocida from infected and healthy sheep to rule out the involvement of these bacteria in the disease. Materials and Methods: A total of 374 healthy and infected sheep samples were processed for isolation, direct detection by multiplex PCR (mPCR), and antibiotic susceptibility testing by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Results: Overall, 55 Pasteurella isolates (27 [7.2%] M. haemolytica and 28 [7.4%] P. multocida) were recovered and identified by bacteriological tests and species-specific PCR assays. Significant correlation between the detection of M. haemolytica (66.6%) with disease condition and P. multocida (19.1%) exclusively from infected sheep was recorded by mPCR. In vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing of 55 isolates revealed higher multidrug resistance in M. haemolytica (25.9%) than P. multocida (7.1%) isolates. Descending resistance towards penicillin (63.6%), oxytetracycline (23.6%), streptomycin (14.5%), and gentamicin (12.7%) and absolute sensitivity towards chloramphenicol were observed in both the pathogens. The antibiotic resistance genes such as strA (32.7%) and sul2 (32.7%) associated with streptomycin and sulfonamide resistance, respectively, were detected in the isolates. Conclusion: The study revealed the significant involvement of M. haemolytica together with P. multocida in ovine respiratory infection and is probably responsible for frequent disease outbreaks even after vaccination against hemorrhagic septicemia in sheep population of Karnataka, southern province of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Sahay
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.,Department of Microbiology, Centre for Research in Pure and Applied Sciences, Jain University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Krithiga Natesan
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Awadhesh Prajapati
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Triveni Kalleshmurthy
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Bibek Ranjan Shome
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Habibur Rahman
- International Livestock Research Institute, CG Centre, NASC Complex, DPS Marg, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajeswari Shome
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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4
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Thomas AC, Bailey M, Lee MRF, Mead A, Morales-Aza B, Reynolds R, Vipond B, Finn A, Eisler MC. Insights into Pasteurellaceae carriage dynamics in the nasal passages of healthy beef calves. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11943. [PMID: 31420565 PMCID: PMC6697682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48007-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated three bovine respiratory pathobionts in healthy cattle using qPCR optimised and validated to quantify Histophilus somni, Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida over a wide dynamic range. A longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the carriage and density of these bacteria in the nasal passages of healthy beef calves (N = 60) housed over winter in an experimental farm setting. The three pathobiont species exhibited remarkably different carriage rates and density profiles. At housing, high carriage rates were observed for P. multocida (95%), and H. somni (75%), while fewer calves were positive for M. haemolytica (13%). Carriage rates for all three bacterial species declined over the 75-day study, but not all individuals became colonised despite sharing of environment and airspace. Colonisation patterns ranged from continuous to intermittent and were different among pathobiont species. Interval-censored exponential survival models estimated the median duration of H. somni and P. multocida carriage at 14.8 (CI95%: 10.6–20.9) and 55.5 (CI95%: 43.3–71.3) days respectively, and found higher density P. multocida carriage was associated with slower clearance (p = 0.036). This work offers insights into the dynamics of pathobiont carriage and provides a potential platform for further data collection and modelling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Thomas
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford, UK. .,Rothamsted Research, North Wyke, Devon, UK. .,Bristol Children's Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - M Bailey
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford, UK
| | - M R F Lee
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford, UK.,Rothamsted Research, North Wyke, Devon, UK
| | - A Mead
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK
| | - B Morales-Aza
- Bristol Children's Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - R Reynolds
- School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - B Vipond
- Public Health Laboratory Bristol, Public Health England, Bristol, UK
| | - A Finn
- Bristol Children's Vaccine Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - M C Eisler
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford, UK.
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5
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SAHAY SWATI, JAYARAM POOJAKP, NATESAN KRITHIGA, DOLEY JUWAR, REDDY GBMANJUNATHA, PATIL SHARANS, SHOME BIBEKRANJAN, SHOME RAJESWARI. Respiratory infections in yak (Bos grunniens): a pilot study on isolation and direct PCR diagnosis for pasteurellosis, mannheimiosis and histophilosis. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v88i9.83540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a condition of severe pneumonia caused due to environmental stress followed by a multiple viral and bacterial pathogens.The present study aimed to detect the BRD agents such as Mannhaeimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida and Histophilus somni and IBR in yaks suffering from respiratory infections. For the study, 157 deep nasal and blood samples were collected from yak of Arunachal Pradesh and processed for isolation and PCR detection of respiratory bacterial pathogens such as M. haemolytica, P. multocida and H. somni and seroscreening of IBR. From 157 samples, one M. haemolytica and two H. somni isolates were recovered. This is the first report of H. somni and M. haemolytica isolation from yak nasal samples from India. In mPCR, 23 yak nasal samples (14.6%) amplified for M. haemolytica, two (1.2%) for P. multocida and six samples for H. somni (4.6%) by simplex PCR. Concurrence of H. somni and M. haemolytica in three samples, and M. haemolytica and P. multocida type B in two samples was also observed.Very high seroprevalence for IBR (37%) by Indirect ABELISA was recorded.The study concluded that highest number of samples were positive for M. haemolytica (14.6%) and emphasizes its role in respiratory infections along with high seroprevalence of IBR. It also reflected the diagnostic importance of mPCR/PCR in regions inaccessible for fresh sample collection and transportation as an alternate to isolation procedures.
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6
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Caswell JL, Bassel LL, Rothenburger JL, Gröne A, Sargeant JM, Beck AP, Ekman S, Gibson-Corley KN, Kuiken T, LaDouceur EEB, Meyerholz DK, Origgi FC, Posthaus H, Priestnall SL, Ressel L, Sharkey L, Teixeira LBC, Uchida K, Ward JM, Webster JD, Yamate J. Observational Study Design in Veterinary Pathology, Part 2: Methodology. Vet Pathol 2018; 55:774-785. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985818798121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Observational studies are a basis for much of our knowledge of veterinary pathology, yet considerations for conducting pathology-based observational studies are not readily available. In part 1 of this series, we offered advice on planning and carrying out an observational study. Part 2 of the series focuses on methodology. Our general recommendations are to consider using already-validated methods, published guidelines, data from primary sources, and quantitative analyses. We discuss 3 common methods in pathology research—histopathologic scoring, immunohistochemistry, and polymerase chain reaction—to illustrate principles of method validation. Some aspects of quality control include use of clear objective grading criteria, validation of key reagents, assessing sample quality, determining specificity and sensitivity, use of technical and biologic negative and positive controls, blinding of investigators, approaches to minimizing operator-dependent variation, measuring technical variation, and consistency in analysis of the different study groups. We close by discussing approaches to increasing the rigor of observational studies by corroborating results with complementary methods, using sufficiently large numbers of study subjects, consideration of the data in light of similar published studies, replicating the results in a second study population, and critical analysis of the study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff L. Caswell
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Laura L. Bassel
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Jamie L. Rothenburger
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health; Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative (Alberta), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan M. Sargeant
- Department of Population Medicine and Centre for Public Health and Zoonoses, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Stina Ekman
- Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katherine N. Gibson-Corley
- Department of Pathology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Thijs Kuiken
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - David K. Meyerholz
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 1165 Medical Laboratories, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Francesco C. Origgi
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Horst Posthaus
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simon L. Priestnall
- Department of Pathobiology & Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
| | - Lorenzo Ressel
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Leslie Sharkey
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, USA
| | - Leandro B. C. Teixeira
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Jyoji Yamate
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano City, Osaka, Japan
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7
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Boukahil I, Czuprynski CJ. Mutual antagonism between Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida when forming a biofilm on bovine bronchial epithelial cells in vitro. Vet Microbiol 2018. [PMID: 29519520 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida are two bacterial species implicated in the bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) that is costly to the beef and dairy cattle industries. Both bacterial species are thought to occupy a similar niche as commensals in the upper respiratory tract. Many bacteria are thought to exist as biofilms in their hosts, perhaps in close proximity with other bacterial species. We previously showed that M. haemolytica forms biofilm on bovine respiratory epithelial cells in vitro. We are interested in the possibility that M. haemolytica and P. multocida co-exist as biofilms in the upper respiratory tract of cattle. In this study, we begin to explore this possibility by assessing the ability of M. haemolytica and P. multocida to form a biofilm on bovine respiratory epithelial cells in vitro. We found that M. haemolytica and P. multocida are separately able to form biofilms on bovine respiratory epithelial cells, but mutually inhibit one another when incubated together as a biofilm. Both the biofilm matrix (crystal violet stain) and bacterial numbers (CFU and PCR) were reduced when M. haemolytica and P. multocida were incubated together on fixed epithelial cells. This inhibition does not appear to result from a soluble factor, as neither conditioned medium nor separation of the two species by a transwell filter membrane reproduced the effect. We infer that when located in close proximity on the epithelial surface, M. haemolytica and P. multocida mutually regulate one another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Boukahil
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Charles J Czuprynski
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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8
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Gluecks IV, Bethe A, Younan M, Ewers C. Molecular study on Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia granulomatis from Kenyan Camels (Camelus dromedarius). BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:265. [PMID: 28830429 PMCID: PMC5567471 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1189-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outbreaks of a Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (HS) like disease causing large mortalities in camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Asia and in Africa have been reported since 1890. Yet the aetiology of this condition remains elusive. This study is the first to apply state of the art molecular methods to shed light on the nasopharyngeal carrier state of Pasteurellaceae in camels. The study focused on HS causing Pasteurella multocida capsular types B and E. Other Pasteurellaceae, implicated in common respiratory infections of animals, were also investigated. METHODS In 2007 and 2008, 388 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected at 12 locations in North Kenya from 246 clinically healthy camels in 81 herds that had been affected by HS-like disease. Swabs were used to cultivate bacteria on blood agar and to extract DNA for subsequent PCR analysis targeting P. multocida and Mannheimia-specific gene sequences. RESULTS Forty-five samples were positive for P. multocida genes kmt and psl and for the P. multocida Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (HS) specific sequences KTSP61/KTT72 but lacked HS-associated capsular type B and E genes capB and capE. This indicates circulation of HS strains in camels that lack established capsular types. Sequence analysis of the partial 16S rRNA gene identified 17 nasal swab isolates as 99% identical with Mannheimia granulomatis, demonstrating a hitherto unrecognised active carrier state for M. granulomatis or a closely related Mannheimia sp. in camels. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study provide evidence for the presence of acapsular P. multocida or of hitherto unknown capsular types of P. multocida in camels, closely related to P. multocida strains causing HS in bovines. Further isolations and molecular studies of camelid P. multocida from healthy carriers and from HS-like disease in camels are necessary to provide conclusive answers. This paper is the first report on the isolation of M. granulomatis or a closely related new Mannheimia species from camelids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Astrid Bethe
- Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Centre for Infection Medicine, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mario Younan
- Vétérinaires sans Frontières Germany, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Christa Ewers
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
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9
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Wisselink HJ, Cornelissen JBWJ, van der Wal FJ, Kooi EA, Koene MG, Bossers A, Smid B, de Bree FM, Antonis AFG. Evaluation of a multiplex real-time PCR for detection of four bacterial agents commonly associated with bovine respiratory disease in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:221. [PMID: 28705198 PMCID: PMC5508684 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1141-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, Histophilus somni and Trueperella pyogenes are four bacterial agents commonly associated with bovine respiratory disease (BRD). In this study a bacterial multiplex real-time PCR (the RespoCheck PCR) was evaluated for the detection in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of these four bacterial agents. RESULTS The analytical sensitivity of the multiplex real-time PCR assay determined on purified DNA and on bacterial cells of the four target pathogens was one to ten fg DNA/assay and 4 × 10-1 to 2 × 100 CFU/assay. The analytical specificity of the test was, as evaluated on a collection of 118 bacterial isolates, 98.3% for M. haemolytica and 100% for the other three target bacteria. A set of 160 BALF samples of calves originating from ten different herds with health problems related to BRD was examined with bacteriological methods and with the RespoCheck PCR. Using bacteriological examination as the gold standard, the diagnostic sensitivities and specificities of the four bacterial agents were respectively between 0.72 and 1.00 and between 0.70 and 0.99. Kappa values for agreement between results of bacteriological examination and PCRs were low for H. somni (0.17), moderate for P. multocida (0.52) and M. haemolytica (0.57), and good for T. pyogenes (0.79). The low and moderate kappa values seemed to be related to limitations of the bacteriological examination, this was especially the case for H. somni. CONCLUSION It was concluded that the RespoCheck PCR assay is a valuable diagnostic tool for the simultaneous detection of the four bacterial agents in BALF of calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henk J Wisselink
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, P.O. Box 65, 8200, AB, Lelystad, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Fimme J van der Wal
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, P.O. Box 65, 8200, AB, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Engbert A Kooi
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, P.O. Box 65, 8200, AB, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Miriam G Koene
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, P.O. Box 65, 8200, AB, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Alex Bossers
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, P.O. Box 65, 8200, AB, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Bregtje Smid
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, P.O. Box 65, 8200, AB, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Freddy M de Bree
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, P.O. Box 65, 8200, AB, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan F G Antonis
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, P.O. Box 65, 8200, AB, Lelystad, The Netherlands
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10
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Puchalski A, Urban-Chmiel R, Dec M, Stęgierska D, Wernicki A. The use of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for rapid identification of Mannheimia haemolytica. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 78:1339-42. [PMID: 27109070 PMCID: PMC5053938 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mannheimia haemolytica is the most important bacterial pathogen isolated
from cases of Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD). Routine identification of these bacteria
is usually performed using phenotypic methods. Our study showed that MALDI-TOF MS is a
reliable alternative to these methods. All of the strains analyzed were identified as
M. haemolytica. The identification results were compared to those
obtained using conventional methods commonly used in microbiological diagnostics, based on
detection and analysis of biochemical properties of microorganisms. The degree of
agreement between the two methods for identifying M. haemolytica was
100%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Puchalski
- Sub-Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
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Nefedchenko AV, Shikov AN, Glotov AG, Glotova TI, Ternovoy VA, Agafonov AP, Sergeev AN, Donchenko NA. Development of a method for identification and genotyping of Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica bacteria using polymerase chain reaction and phylogenetic analysis of bacterial cultures isolated from cattle. MOLECULAR GENETICS, MICROBIOLOGY AND VIROLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.3103/s0891416816020063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Lhermie G, Ferran AA, Assié S, Cassard H, El Garch F, Schneider M, Woerhlé F, Pacalin D, Delverdier M, Bousquet-Mélou A, Meyer G. Impact of Timing and Dosage of a Fluoroquinolone Treatment on the Microbiological, Pathological, and Clinical Outcomes of Calves Challenged with Mannheimia haemolytica. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:237. [PMID: 26973615 PMCID: PMC4773444 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of an early and low inoculum-adjusted marbofloxacin treatment was evaluated on microbiological and clinical outcomes in calves infected with 4.107 CFU of Mannheimia haemolytica A1. Twenty-two calves were included based on their rectal temperature rise in the 10 h after challenge and allocated in four groups, receiving a single intramuscular injection of saline (CON), 2 mg/kg marbofloxacin 2–4 h after inclusion (early treatment, E2), 2 or 10 mg/kg marbofloxacin 35–39 h after inclusion (late treatments, L2, L10). In CON calves, M. haemolytica DNA loads in bronchoalveolar lavages continuously increased from inclusion to day 4, and were associated with persistent respiratory clinical signs and lung lesions. At times of early and late treatments, M. haemolytica loads ranged within 3.5–4 and 5.5–6 log10 DNA copies/mL, respectively. Early 2 mg/kg marbofloxacin treatment led to rapid and total elimination of bacteria in all calves. The late treatments induced a reduction of bacterial loads, but 3 of 6 L2 and 1 of 6 L10 calves were still positive for M. haemolytica at day 4. Except for CON calves, all animals exhibited clinical improvement within 24 h after treatment. However, early 2 mg/kg treatment was more efficacious to prevent pulmonary lesions, as indicated by the reduction of the extension and severity of gross lesions and by the histopathological scores. These results demonstrated for the first time that a reduced antibiotic regimen given at an early stage of the disease and targeting a low bacterial load could be efficacious in a natural bovine model of pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Lhermie
- Vetoquinol Global Drug DevelopmentLure, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, Université de ToulouseToulouse, France; LUNAM Université, Oniris, UMR BioEpARNantes, France
| | - Aude A Ferran
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, Université de ToulouseToulouse, France; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1331 ToxAlimToulouse, France
| | - Sébastien Assié
- LUNAM Université, Oniris, UMR BioEpARNantes, France; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1300 BioEpARNantes, France
| | - Hervé Cassard
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | - Diane Pacalin
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse Toulouse, France
| | - Maxence Delverdier
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, Université de ToulouseToulouse, France; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1225 IHAPToulouse, France
| | - Alain Bousquet-Mélou
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, Université de ToulouseToulouse, France; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1331 ToxAlimToulouse, France
| | - Gilles Meyer
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, Université de ToulouseToulouse, France; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1225 IHAPToulouse, France
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13
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Bell CJ, Blackburn P, Elliott M, Patterson TIAP, Ellison S, Lahuerta-Marin A, Ball HJ. Investigation of polymerase chain reaction assays to improve detection of bacterial involvement in bovine respiratory disease. J Vet Diagn Invest 2014; 26:631-4. [PMID: 25012080 DOI: 10.1177/1040638714540166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) causes severe economic losses to the cattle farming industry worldwide. The major bacterial organisms contributing to the BRD complex are Mannheimia haemolytica, Histophilus somni, Mycoplasma bovis, Pasteurella multocida, and Trueperella pyogenes. The postmortem detection of these organisms in pneumonic lung tissue is generally conducted using standard culture-based techniques where the presence of therapeutic antibiotics in the tissue can inhibit bacterial isolation. In the current study, conventional and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were used to assess the prevalence of these 5 organisms in grossly pneumonic lung samples from 150 animals submitted for postmortem examination, and the results were compared with those obtained using culture techniques. Mannheimia haemolytica was detected in 51 cases (34%) by PCR and in 33 cases (22%) by culture, H. somni was detected in 35 cases (23.3%) by PCR and in 6 cases (4%) by culture, Myc. bovis was detected in 53 cases (35.3%) by PCR and in 29 cases (19.3%) by culture, P. multocida was detected in 50 cases (33.3%) by PCR and in 31 cases (20.7%) by culture, and T. pyogenes was detected in 42 cases (28%) by PCR and in 31 cases (20.7%) by culture, with all differences being statistically significant. The PCR assays indicated positive results for 111 cases (74%) whereas 82 cases (54.6%) were culture positive. The PCR assays have demonstrated a significantly higher rate of detection of all 5 organisms in cases of pneumonia in cattle in Northern Ireland than was detected by current standard procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J Bell
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Veterinary Sciences Division, Stormont, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Paul Blackburn
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Veterinary Sciences Division, Stormont, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Mark Elliott
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Veterinary Sciences Division, Stormont, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Tony I A P Patterson
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Veterinary Sciences Division, Stormont, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Sean Ellison
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Veterinary Sciences Division, Stormont, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Angela Lahuerta-Marin
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Veterinary Sciences Division, Stormont, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Hywel J Ball
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Veterinary Sciences Division, Stormont, Belfast, Northern Ireland
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Smith E, Monaghan E, Huntley S, Green L. Short communication: Preliminary investigation into the effect of freezing and a cryopreservant on the recovery of mastitis pathogens from ewe milk. J Dairy Sci 2011; 94:4850-5. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-4076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Klima C, Alexander T, Selinger L, Read R, Shewan P, Gow S, Booker C, McAllister T. Comparison of repetitive PCR and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for the genotyping of Mannheimia haemolytica. J Microbiol Methods 2010; 81:39-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2010.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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